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Evaluation of Seeds of Celastrus Paniculatus Willd. – a Potential Medicinal Plant of Pharmacopoeia

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Evaluation of Seeds of Celastrus Paniculatus Willd. – a Potential Medicinal Plant of Pharmacopoeia Asian J. Exp. Sci., Vol. 27, No. 2, 2013; 1-2 Evaluation of seeds of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. – A potential medicinal plant of Pharmacopoeia Kaushal Kumar, S. G. Abbas and M.H. Siddiqui Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi-834006 Email: [email protected] Abstract : Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (Celastraceae) is a potential medicinal plant extensively used in ayurvedic medicinal systems. The seeds oil of these medicinal plants is used for the treatment of large numbers of diseases. The seeds of this plant were collected from four regions of Jharkhand state and the various constitution and oil were compared with the parameters described in the Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of Govt. of India. The percentage of oil contents of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. ranges from 43.2 to 44.67 % while the contents of the oil mentioned in pharmacopeia is 45%. The similarities in other contents like foreign matter, total ash, acid insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extract and water soluble extract too is identical. It is, therefore, suggested that the Celastrus paniculatus Willd. should be protected and awareness should be generated amongst public private sector for the production of seed oil at cheap rate for medicinal use. Keywords: Celastrus paniculatus, Seed oil, Pharmacopoea, Quality evaluation Introduction Methodology of works Celastrus paniculatus Willd. is a large climbing The seeds of Celastrus paniculatus Willd were deciduous shrub, yellowish wood, with lenticelled collected from four different places from the district of branches. It belongs to family Celastraceae. The plant Ranchi (Jonha), Gumla (Bishunpur), Dumka (Baghraidih) mostly occurs in sub Himalayan tract up to 6000 ft. It is also and Pakur (Satia) and in Jharkhand state. They were found in Central India, Western and Eastern Ghats. It is collected with the help of native people in the months of extending from Rajmahal hills and Chhotanagpur plateau December- January. The above seeds sample were brought of Jharkhand and Orissa states. It is one of the potential to laboratory and dried in an oven at 45o C to 50oC. The medicinal plants of India. The plant is known in Sanskrit powdered of the dried seeds was made at 25oC and kept in and ayurveda as 'Jyotishmati'. It is principally a 'Medhya airtight container. The identity, purity and strength of drug'. In ayurvedic medicine it is used as a brain tonic and samples of seeds have been evaluated according to the also used in treatment of some the nervous disorders. The methods upon which the standards of Pharmacopoeia plant is utilized as ethnomedicine among the tribal people depend. and they call it 'Kujri' 'Malkangni', 'Konjri' 'Kusur', 'Rangud' etc. The seeds oil is utilized topically as well as Results internally among the tribal people ((Jain, 1991). It is also The samples were collected from four sites of used for bodyache, rheumatism, leprosy, eczema and skin Ranchi (Jonha), Gumla (Bishunpur), Dumka (Baghraidih) diseases (Asolkar et al. 2005; Atal et al., 1978 ; Handa, and Pakur (Satia) designated as SS-1, SS-2, SS-3 and SS-4 1988; Rekha et al., 2005). According to Bhanumathy et al, respectively. The % of foreign matter, the total ash, acid (2010). the seeds have great potentials as acrid, bitter, soluble ash, alcoholic soluble extract, water-soluble and oil thermogenic, emollient, stimulant, intellect promoting, contents from sample of Ranchi (Jonha, SS-1), Gumla digestive, laxative, emetic, expectorant, appetizer, (Bishunpur, SS-2), Dumka (Baghraidih, SS-3) and Pakur aphrodisiac, cardio tonic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, (Satia, SS-4) were presented in Table1. The seeds were diaphoretic, febrifuge and tonic, abdominal disorders, separated in the laboratory and the color and identical seeds leprosy, skin diseases, paralysis, cephalalgia, arthralgia, in structure and diameter were recorded (Fig.1). The seeds asthma, leucoderma, cardiac debility, inflammation etc. were processed for the foreign matter, total ash, acid The oil contains fatty acids composition, sesquiterpene insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extract, water soluble extract alkaloid viz. celapanin, celapanigin and celapagin and a and oil contents were studied and presented in Table 1. The number of sesquiterpene esters namely malkanguine- I to table also contains the data available in Ayurvedic VIII and sterol. The present work is based to confirm the Pharmacopoea for comparison to know the purity and contents of quality of seeds and their oil of Celastrus strength of the contents of the seeds obtained from four paniculatus useful for the use of illness as reported by locations of Jharkhand. It has been observed that all Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and Family parameters are similar with the reported parameters in the Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi. Ayurvedic pharmacopoea. 1 Asian J. Exp. Sci., Vol. 27, No. 2, 2013; 1-2 Discussion to 45% described in Ayurvedic Phamacopoea, Government of India. The above studies have great significant towards In the present investigation, genetic resources of understanding of seed samples of the plant occurs in Celastrus paniculatus available in Jharkhand has almost Jharkhand state for bioprospection in perspectives to standard in quality for the extraction of oil contents for the pharmaceutical standards. The above data analyzed in the preparation of ayurvedic medicine at a cheaper cost as the present work is most useful for manufactures of herbal contents of oil of this plant is identical with the contents as drugs and other products based on the Celastrus per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia. The mean of samples taken paniculatus. from four different places is about 44.92, which is similar Table 1. : Identity, purity and strength of samples of seeds Parameters/ Foreign Total Acid- Alcohol soluble Water soluble Oil contents Samples Matter ash insoluble extractive extractive (%) (%) (%) (%) Ash (%) (%) Ayurvedic 2.0 6.0 1.15 20.0 9.0 45.0 Pharmacopoea SS-1 2.1 5.1 1.16 18.3 9.1 44.1 SS-2 1.9 5.2 1.17 19.2 8.95 43.2 SS-3 2.2 5.4 1.10 19.6 8.73 44.4 SS-4 1.8 6.1 1.14 19.5 8.5 44.67 Mean 2.0 5.7 44.92 Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the native peoples of different districts of Jharkhand who have provided the samples of seeds used in the evaluation of present works. Fig-1. : Seeds of Celastrus paniculatus References Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research 2 (3): 176-181 Asolkar L.V., Kakkar K.K. and Chakre O.J. (2005): Second supplement to Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants Handa S.S. (1988): Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia with active principles, NISCARE, New Delhi.188- Celastrus paniculatus, IDMA, Mumbai and RRL, 189. Jammu, 1998, II: 26-34. Atal C.K, Srivastava J.B., Wali B.K., Chakravarthy R., Jain S.K. (1991): Dictionary of Indian Folk Medicine and Dhawan B.N. and Rastogi R.R. (1978): Screening of Ethnobotany, (Deep Publication, New Delhi), 48. medicinal plants for Pharmacological activity Part III Rekha K., Bhan M .K, Balyan S.S. and Dhar A.K. (2005): Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 16: 330-349. Cultivation prospects of endangered species Celastrus Bhanumathy M., S. B. Chandrasekar S.B., Chandur U, paniculatus Willd. Natural Product Radiance Somasundaram T. (2010): Phyto-pharmacology of 4(6):482- 486. Celastrus paniculatus: An Overview. International 2 Asian J. Exp. Sci., Vol. 27, No. 2, 2013; 3-8 Foraminiferal studies along the littoral zone of the east coast of India and its zoogeographical affinity: an overview P. K. Kathal and V. K. Singh Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar 470003, India E-mail : [email protected] Abstract: An overview of the studies, mostly related to the taxonomy, ecology of the littoral Recent foraminifera (Protozoa) and the zoogeographical affinity of the east coast of India has been attempted on the basis of the published literature. The study shows that the Recent foraminifera along the east coast of India show affinity with the Indo-Pacific faunal province. Keywords: Foraminifera, Taxonomy, East coast beaches, India Introduction coast of India has been given. Foraminifera, the shelled protozoans thrive as the So far as the beaches of 5800 km long coastal most diverse group in the modern oceans. They derived stretch of the east coast of India are concerned, a total of 27 their name from 'foramen' the 'pores' connecting the papers have been published (Table 1) covering taxonomy, chambers in their tests. Varying in size/diameter size from ecology, geographical distribution of the Recent less than a millimetre (micro-foraminifera) to 100 mm foraminifera and establishing the zoo-geographical (mega-foraminifera they also occur as fossils in the marine affinity of the east coast of India based on the Q-mode Phanerozoic rocks (560 Million Years to Recent) and a cluster analysis (Kathal, et al., 2000 and Kathal and Bhalla, wide range of applications in geological, biological, 2001). Besides, paleoenvironment/climate studies (Kathal, environmental and oceanographic studies. 1996 and Kathal and Bhalla, 1996a) show their utility in petroleum exploration. Some of foraminifera are agglutinated that acquire foreign-material to make a test, but most of them Taxonomic and ecological studies form calcareous 'test' (shell) by secreting calcium The taxonomic and ecological studies on the carbonate present in dissolved state in the marine waters. Recent foraminifera in the beach sediments beaches along Being unicellular, highly abundant in sea and very the east coast of India (Fig 1) include the work carried out sensitive to even minute changes in the environmental by Sarojini (1958), Bhatia and Bhalla (1959), Bhalla parameter, their ecological studies help deducing the (1968, 1970), Gosh (1966), Ameer Hamsa (1971, 1973), paleoenvironmental conditions of the sediments/rocks Kathal (1989, 1991, 1999, 2002a, 2002b, 2004), Bhalla besides wide geological applications, like- oil exploration, and Kathal (1998), Kathal and Bhalla (1996b, 1998), higher resolution biostratigraphy, environmental Kathal and Matoba (2001), Kathal and Singh 2010), Singh /paleoenvironmental interpretations.
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