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Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications History, Department of 5-2020 Advocates for the Landscape: Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism Peter Staudenmaier Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/hist_fac Part of the History Commons Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications/College of Arts and Sciences This paper is NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; but the author’s final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation below. German Studies Review, Vol. 43, No. 2 (May 2020): 271-290. DOI. This article is © Johns Hopkins University Press and permission has been granted for this version to appear in e- Publications@Marquette. Johns Hopkins University Press does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Johns Hopkins University Press. Advocates for the Landscape: Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism Peter Staudenmaier ABSTRACT Reexamining debates on ostensibly green facets of Nazism, this article offers a case study of the "landscape advocates" led by Alwin Seifert from 1934 to 1945. In contrast to previous accounts focused on the role of the landscape advocates in the construction of the Autobahn, the article assesses their work on a wide range of projects in Nazi Germany and across occupied Europe. It argues that existing scholarship has not fully recognized the extent of the landscape advocates' involvement in Nazi structures and has sometimes misunderstood the relationship between their environmental activities and blood and soil ideology. Seven decades after the defeat of Hitler's dictatorship, the European landscape still bears the scars of war and genocide. -
Fascist Ecology: the Gr" Een Wing" of the Nazi Party and Its Historical Antecedents Peter Staudenmaier Marquette University, [email protected]
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications History, Department of 1-1-2011 Fascist Ecology: The Gr" een Wing" of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents Peter Staudenmaier Marquette University, [email protected] Published version. "Fascist Ecology: The Gr" een Wing" of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents," in Ecofascism Revisited: Lessons from the German Experience. Eds. Janet Biehl and Peter Staudenmaier. Porsgrunn: New Compass Press, 2011: 13-42. Permalink. © 2011 New Compass Press. PETER STAUDENMAIER FASCIST ECOLOGY: THE uGREEN WING" OF THE NAZI PARTY AND ITS HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS "We recognize that separating humanity from nature, from the whole of life, leads to humankind's own destruction and to the death of nations. Only through a re-integration of humanity into the whole of nature can our people be made stronger. That is the fundamental point of the biological tasks of our age. Humankind alone is no longer the focus of thought, but rather life as a whole . This striving toward connectedness with the totality of life, with nature itself, a nature into which we are born, this is the deepest meaning and the true essence of National Socialist thought:' 1 In our zeal to condemn the status quo, radicals often carelessly toss about epithets like "fascist" and "ecofascist;' thus contributing to a sort of conceptual inflation that in no way furthers effective social critique. In such a situation, 13 ECOFASCISM REVISITED it is easy to overlook the fact that there are still virulent strains of fascism in our political culture which, however marginal, demand our attention. -
Pedlars of Hate: the Violent Impact of the European Far Right
Pedlars of hate: the violent impact of the European far Right Liz Fekete Published by the Institute of Race Relations 2-6 Leeke Street London WC1X 9HS Tel: +44 (0) 20 7837 0041 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7278 0623 Web: www.irr.org.uk Email: [email protected] ©Institute of Race Relations 2012 ISBN 978-0-85001-071-9 Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the support of the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust and the Open Society Foundations in the researching, production and dissemination of this report. Many of the articles cited in this document have been translated into English by over twenty volunteers who assist the IRR’s European Research Programme. We would especially like to thank Sibille Merz and Dagmar Schatz (who translate from German into English), Joanna Tegnerowicz (who translates from Polish into English) and Kate Harre, Frances Webber and Norberto Laguía Casaus (who translate from Spanish into English). A particular debt is due to Frank Kopperschläger and Andrei Stavila for their generosity in allowing us to use their photographs. In compiling this report the websites of the Internet Centre Against Racism in Europe (www.icare.to) and Romea (www.romea.cz) proved invaluable. Liz Fekete is Executive Director of the Institute of Race Relations and head of its European research programme. Cover photo by Frank Kopperschläger is of the ‘Silence Against Silence’ memorial rally in Berlin on 26 November 2011 to commemorate the victims of the National Socialist Underground. (In Germany, white roses symbolise the resistance movement to the Nazi -
Intellectual Cultural and Social Life in the Third Reich by GEORGE L
Nazi Intellectual Cultural and Social Life in the Third Reich by GEORGE L MOSSE Translations by Salvator Attanasio and others The University of Wisconsin Press Contents INTRODUCTION xix 1. HITLER SETS THE TONE 1 Editor's Introduction 1 FROM CULTURE AS THE FAITH IN AN IDEAL REICH TO ITS DIFFUSION AMONG THE MASSES 5 The Power of Ideals 5 The Aryan as Custodian of Culture 5 The State Is Not an End But a Means 6 The Jew Has No Culture 7 The Necessity of Propaganda 7 How Hitler Viewed the Masses 8 Education Must Be Based on Ideals 9 Education, Instinct, and Will 10 HITLER DEFINES CULTURE IN DEFINING ART 11 The Cultural Renascence 11 2. WHAT SORT OF A REVOLUTION? 17 Editor's Introduction 17 THE GOOD FIGHT 24 Here Marched the New Germany 24 FRIEDRICH JOACHIM KLAEHN vii viii CONTENTS A Meeting-Hall Brawl 27 KURT MASSMANN THE BONDS OF FAMILY 30 National Socialism Has Restored the Family 30 HANNS ANDERLAHN The German Volk Is an Interlacing of Families 34 LUDWIG LEONHARDT Marriage, Morality, and Property 35 HERMANN PAULL THE IDEAL OF WOMANHOOD 39 The Tasks of Women 39 ADOLF HITLER Emancipation from the Emancipation Movement 40 ALFRED ROSENBERG Domestic Diligence from Blood and Soil 41 The Female Bird 41 JOSEPH GOEBBELS Women That We Can Love 41 Frau Goebbels on German Women 42 The Blond Craze - 43 A Shiny Nose and the German Nation 43 Faith and Beauty 44 Right Conduct 45 The Honor Cross of the German Mother 45 The Woman Student 46 Against the Political Woman 47 ENGELBERT HUBER THE SOCIAL REALITY 47 Does the Five O'Clock Tea Suit Our Time? 47 Fairytale Scenes on Peacock Island 53 Beautiful Gowns at the Annual Press Ball 54 Wanted: Croupiers 55 3. -
Blood Over Soil: the Misconception of Nazi Environmentalism
Providence College DigitalCommons@Providence History & Classics Student Scholarship History & Classics 11-22-2017 Blood Over Soil: The Misconception of Nazi Environmentalism Kevin Cranney Providence College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/history_papers_proj Part of the European History Commons Cranney, Kevin, "Blood Over Soil: The Misconception of Nazi Environmentalism" (2017). History & Classics Student Scholarship. 6. https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/history_papers_proj/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History & Classics at DigitalCommons@Providence. It has been accepted for inclusion in History & Classics Student Scholarship by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Providence. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BLOOD OVER SOIL: THE MISCONCEPTION OF NAZI ENVIRONMENTALISM Kevin Cranney HIS 482/HON 480: Seminar on Nazi Germany 1920-1945 Dr. Sickinger November 22, 2017 Cranney 2 Most people do not immediately think of environmentalism when they hear the term “Nazi.” Nazis were racist imperialists who killed millions of people. Is it possible for the genocidal policies of the Third Reich to be compatible with green politics and nature preservation? Several historians and sociologists during a period of anti-green backlash and Nazi revisionism in the late 20th century argued that environmentalism was, indeed, a central part of National Socialism. Citing environmentally progressive Nazi legislation combined with elements of the “Blood and Soil” element of Nazi ideology, these individuals made a case that Hitler and the Nazis were some of the first modern environmentalists. This intriguing and unusual claim was used both to depict Nazis more favorably as well as to paint contemporary green politicians in a more negative light. -
An Inquiry Into Contemporary Australian Extreme Right
THE OTHER RADICALISM: AN INQUIRY INTO CONTEMPORARY AUSTRALIAN EXTREME RIGHT IDEOLOGY, POLITICS AND ORGANIZATION 1975-1995 JAMES SALEAM A Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Of Philosophy Department Of Government And Public Administration University of Sydney Australia December 1999 INTRODUCTION Nothing, except being understood by intelligent people, gives greater pleasure, than being misunderstood by blunderheads. Georges Sorel. _______________________ This Thesis was conceived under singular circumstances. The author was in custody, convicted of offences arising from a 1989 shotgun attack upon the home of Eddie Funde, Representative to Australia of the African National Congress. On October 6 1994, I appeared for Sentence on another charge in the District Court at Parramatta. I had been convicted of participation in an unsuccessful attempt to damage a vehicle belonging to a neo-nazi informer. My Thesis -proposal was tendered as evidence of my prospects for rehabilitation and I was cross-examined about that document. The Judge (whose Sentence was inconsequential) said: … Mr Saleam said in evidence that his doctorate [sic] of philosophy will engage his attention for the foreseeable future; that he has no intention of using these exertions to incite violence.1 I pondered how it was possible to use a Thesis to incite violence. This exercise in courtroom dialectics suggested that my thoughts, a product of my experiences in right-wing politics, were considered acts of subversion. I concluded that the Extreme Right was ‘The Other Radicalism’, understood by State agents as odorous as yesteryear’s Communist Party. My interest in Extreme Right politics derived from a quarter-century involvement therein, at different levels of participation. -
The Quest for Racial Purity: African Germans
the quest for racial purity: Germans with Mental and Physical Disabilities, African Germans, and Roma rom the moment that hitler took power in germany, he began implementing his vision for a new Germany—one that elevated “Aryan” Germans to the top of the Nazis’ racial hierarchy and that ranked all other groups along a spectrum of relative inferiority. Nazi leaders wasted no time conceiving and adopting measures that would safeguard the “Aryan” German race, thereby ensuring that future genera- tions would be—in their eyes—racially pure, genetically healthy, and socially productive and loyal to the state. This goal meant, above all, stigmatizing, discriminating against, and ultimately killing those whom the Nazis identified as being biologically and racially flawed. In such a context, especially Jews (see chapter 5), but also Roma (Gypsies), people with mental and physical disabilities, and African Germans, faced direct and immediate danger at the hands of the Nazis. In time, the Nazi decision to go to war would advance those long-term goals in pre- viously unimaginable ways. Territorial acquisition went hand in hand with population engineering as the Nazis sought to increase the number of “Aryan” Germans while simul- taneously thinning the ranks of those they considered inferior by virtue of race or biology. The state of national emergency created by the war would eventually provide the pretext and cover for increasingly radical steps. Nazi racial persecution was unique, for there was no escape—not even for those who were German by birth—from the harsh verdict of inferiority. For those who were targeted, national loyalty or communal solidarity were of no consequence: only “Aryans” who met the racial and biological standards of the Nazis could claim membership in the National Community (Volksgemeinschaft). -
Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich
History in the Making Volume 10 Article 8 January 2017 Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich Athahn Steinback CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Steinback, Athahn (2017) "Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich," History in the Making: Vol. 10 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol10/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Athahn Steinback Dark Apostles – Hitler’s Oligarchs: Göring, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich and Revolutionary Totalitarian Oligarchy in the Third Reich By Athahn Steinback Abstract: In popular memory, the Third Reich and the Nazi party are all too often misremembered as a homogenous entity, entirely shaped and led by the figure of Adolf Hitler. This paper challenges the widely held misconception of a homogenous Nazi ideology and critically re-examines the governance of Nazi Germany by arguing that the Third Reich was not a generic totalitarian dictatorship, but rather, a revolutionary totalitarian oligarchy. The unique roles and revolutionary agendas of Hermann Göring, Joseph Goebbels, Heinrich Himmler, and Reinhard Heydrich, provide case studies to demonstrate the nature of this revolutionary totalitarian oligarchy. The role of Hitler as the chief oligarch of Nazi Germany remains critical to the entire system of governance. -
Jews and Zionism: the South African Experience (1910-1967)
[I,I I 1 i JEWS AND ZIONISM: THE SOUTH AFRICAN EXPERIENCE (1910-1967) GIDEON SHIMONI 1980 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS CAPE TOWN 128 JEWS AND ZIONISM: THE SOUTH AFRICA.'\i EXPERIEKCE rights failed to gain unequivocal acceptance, a split was precipitated. This really marked the end of Hertzog's long career, for although in January 1941 a group of his followers, headed by N. C. Havenga, fonned the Mrikaner Party to persevere with his principles, Hertzog died within the year.77 Opposition to the war rendered the Mrikaner national movement more receptive to Nazi German influence than ever, for it began to seem as if the shortest path to a restored Afrikaner republic lay in the prospect of an understanding with a victorious Germany. "\'Vhereas the Greyshirt proponents of National-Socialism had never be come more than a marginal group on the fringes of the Afi..ikaner national movement, with the coming of the war Nazi influences penetrated deeply into the mainstream of Mrikaner nationalism. The most powerful expression of this process was the movement known as the Ossewa Brandwag [Oxwagon Sentinel]. EUlerging out of popular celebration of the centenary of the Great Trek at the end of 1938, its original purpose was to act as a cultural organization which would perpetuate the nationalist fervour to which these celebrations had given rise. HO\vever, it soon assumed a paramili tary and authoritarian character, and under its second Kom mandant-General, Dr. (Hans) J. F. J. van Rensburg, previously Administrator of the Orange Free State, it became a significant political force. -
Richard Walther Darré, National Socialism, and Bauernpolitik
University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 5-2020 Richard Walther Darré, National Socialism, and Bauernpolitik Andrew P. Harnois University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©2020 Andrew P. Harnois Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the European History Commons Recommended Citation Harnois, Andrew P., "Richard Walther Darré, National Socialism, and Bauernpolitik" (2020). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 1017. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/1017 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright by ANDREW HARNOIS 2020 All Rights Reserved RICHARD WALTHER DARRÉ, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, AND BAUERNPOLITIK An Abstract of a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Andrew P. Harnois University of Northern Iowa May 2020 ABSTRACT Richard Walther Darré joined the National Socialist German Workers Party in 1930 at the behest of Adolf Hitler and was Germany’s Reichsminister of Agriculture from 1933 to 1942. Darré was recruited by Hitler because of his Blood and Soil ideology. This ideology was peasant-centric and argued that the German peasant embodied the ideal racial form and pushed for a rebirth of German agriculture. This thesis examines the career of Richard Walther Darré and focuses on two questions: first, what role did Darré’s Blood and Soil ideology play in his rise and removal from power; and, second, does Darré’s fall from power inform us about any policies Hitler and NSDAP might have had about official’s removal from power? I argue that Darré’s Blood and Soil ideology was responsible for both his rise and fall from power. -
Nazi Ideology and the Holocaust Nazi Ideology and the Holocaust
nazi ideology and the holocaust nazi ideology and the holocaust united states holocaust memorial museum library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Nazi ideology and the Holocaust. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn-13: 978-0-89604-712-9 isbn-10: 0-89604-712-1 1. World War, 1939-1945—Atrocities. 2. Genocide—Germany—History—20th century. 3. National socialism. I. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. d804.3.N43 2007 940.53’18—dc22 2007038045 Copyright © 2007 contents Maps: Europe 1938, inside front cover German Administration of Europe 1944, inside front cover Europe Major Nazi Camps 1943–44, inside back cover Euthanasia Centers, Germany 1940–45, inside back cover 9 Acknowledgments 11 nazi ideology 23 enemies of the regime: Political Opponents, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and Homosexuals 53 territorial struggle in europe: Polish and Soviet Civilians, and Soviet Prisoners of War 75 the quest for racial purity: Germans with Mental and Physical Disabilities, African Germans, and Roma 111 the holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry 159 epilogue | the aftermath of the holocaust: Punishing and Preventing the Crime of Genocide 164 Further Reading and Additional Sources This publication is made possible by a generous grant from the Hess, Ein, and Lewin families in loving memory of Charles and Ilse Hess. research, writing, and editing William F. Meinecke Jr., Historian Alexandra Zapruder, Consultant Timothy Kaiser, Project Director Laura Glassman and Barbara Hart of Publications Professionals, Copy Editors review Peter Black, Senior Historian Sarah Ogilvie, Director of the National Institute for Holocaust Education Steven Luckert, Permanent Exhibition Curator Susan Bachrach, Special Exhibitions Curator Edward Phillips, Deputy Director of Exhibitions Daniel Napolitano, Director of Education design and production Studio A, Alexandria, Va. -
Women in Nazi Propaganda Jonathan Moch
WESTERN OREGON UNIVERSITY Women In Nazi Propaganda Jonathan Moch History 499 Senior Thesis 6/1/2011 ©Jonathan Moch, 2011 P a g e | 1 The Nazi Party of Germany created a nation that embraced the notion of Volksgemeinshaft, which assigned specific roles and responsibilities based on gender. A country in which the Aryan nation was created based on the ideals set forth by Hitler that the German nation was descended from Norse “god-like” peoples, and become glorious leaders of the New World is what the Party ultimately worked for. In order to accomplish this task, the Nazis had to gain support of the people. The leaders of the Party, led by Adolf Hitler starting with his election in 1933 created policy which encompassed every aspect of daily life for the citizens of Germany. First drafted in his political outcries on the streets of Munich and later in his treatise on political might Mein Kampf, Hitler laid out a system of propaganda that had up to 1933 been unmatched at any point in the nation’s history. This system was particularly influential and ultimately damaging to the group of citizens to which it was centered, namely the women of Germany. The Nazi Party of Germany, specifically the Reich’s Ministry, enacted policies which dealt with the view that women should take a secondary role to that of the men of the country. The extensive system of propaganda the Nazis put into place garnered and kept the support of women across Germany. Their portrayal changed from 1933 as the “Mother of the Country” to “worker” for the Nazi cause in the context of the Second World War.