Volume 22(2), 59- 63, 2018 JOURNAL of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology www.journal-hfb.usab-tm.ro Researches Regarding the Influence of the Nutritive Mixture on the Growth of Laburnum anagyroides Med. (Cytisus laburnum) L. Species in Container Conditions Poşta Daniela Sabina1 1BUASVM "Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine „King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Faculty of Horticulture and Forestry; 2BUASVM "Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine „King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Faculty of Agriculture *Corresponding author. Email: Abstract Laburnum anagyroides Med., (Cytisus laburnum) L., the golden Key words chain, is part of the genus Laburnum, family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, the Genisteae tribe. Laburnum anagyroides Med. is also known under the Laburnum anagyroides name Cytisus laburnum L. Med, morphological This study had as goal the influence of the nutritive mixture on the characters, mixture substrat growth and developments of seedlings of Laburnum anagyroides Med. species, at 112 days from pricking out (on 15th June 2015). The culture sublayer used during the experiment has been formed of manure, peat, respectively sand in various proportions: V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand (Control); V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand; V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand; V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand. The growth and development of Laburnum anagyroides Med. seedlings is very significantly influenced by the nutritional and aeration level of the nutritional sublayer, its optimal composition being of 40% manure, 20-25% peat, respectively 35-40% sand. Laburnum anagyroides Med., (Cytisus Studies of the influence of the nutritive laburnum) L., the golden chain, is part of the genus mixtures on the growth of seedlings have been carried Laburnum, family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, the out for various wooden ornamental species [7, 8, 13, Genisteae tribe [6, 26]. Laburnum anagyroides Med. is 14]. also known under the name Cytisus laburnum L. [1, 19, The vegetation conditions had an important role in the 20, 25]. growth and development of seedlings (mainly the It is a shrub up to 4-5 m height; it is native to humidity conditions and the nutrition levels), but also Southern and Central Europe. In our country it is the foliar surface [21, 22, 23]. cultivated mostly in parks and gardens as a very ornamental due to its golden-yellow flowers, grouped Biological Material and Method in pendulous racemes. It has no forestry importance and its leaves and flowers are poisonous [20]. The research studies have been carried out in Depending on landscaping, it can be planted 2015, in a breeding greenhouse of the Didactic and solitary on lawns, in groups or under shape of pergola Research Base of B.U.A.S.V.M. „King Michael I of [9]. Romania” in Timisoara. The studied seedlings have This species contains cytosine alkaloid in its been obtained by vegetative propagation, by various bark, leaves and seeds, and it is considered a species treatments applied to seeds in order to stimulate having a degree of toxicity [3]. The consumption off germination [15]. some parts of the plant (leaves) by certain species of This study had as goal the influence of the animals makes their milk become toxic [10]. nutritive mixture on the growth and developments of In Great Britain, this species has been seedlings of Laburnum anagyroides Med. species, at cultivated for the wood used as fuel, but also in green 112 days from pricking out (on 15th June 2015). areas as hedge [2, 4]. The culture sublayer used during the Following the studies carried out abroad it experiment has been formed of manure, peat, was found out that the golden chain is a meliferous respectively sand in various proportions: species [1, 5, 19]. With this in mind a study has been V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand carried out regarding the dynamics of blossoming and (Control); pollen production of Laburnum anagyroides Med. V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand; under the conditions of South-East Poland [24]. V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand; 59 V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand. The experimental data have been analyzed by the The volume of the vegetation vases has been ANOVA test in order to evaluate the variables and by 1000 cm3 [11, 12, 16]. the analyses of the variables in order to assess the During the trials, the following morphological signification limits of the differences (LSD 5%, 1% characters have been analysed: height of shank, and 0.1%). diameter at the shank base, the number of roots, length of the root, number of leaves and the foliar surface. Results and Discussions The height of the seedlings and the size of their leaves have been determined by measuring with a scaled rule The nutritive mixtures, different by the with an accuracy of ±0.5 mm. The diameter has been balance of the tree ingredients, have differently measured with the electronic caliber having an influenced the growth and the development of the accuracy of ±0.001 mm. The number of leaves has seedlings of Laburnum anagyroides Med. species, this been determined by counting them, and the foliar fact being revealed by the measured physiological surface has been determined by the model proposed by parameters. Sala and col. (2015), taking into consideration the size Therefore, on the grounds of the carried out of leaves and the coefficient of foliar surface. biometrical measuring the experimental data have been obtained and their synthesis is presented in Table 1. Table 1 The height of the seedling’s shrank at the Laburnum anagyroides Med. species on the 15th day of June 2015 (112 days after the transplant) Average height Relative height Difference Significance Trial variant of seedling of seedling (cm) (cm) (%) V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand 5,94 100,00 0,00 - (Control) V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand 8,04 135,35 2,10 ** V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand 9,66 162,67 3,72 *** V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand 10,43 175,67 4,49 *** LSD 5% = 1,03 cm; LSD 1% = 1,49 cm; LSD 0,1% = 2,19 cm. Regarding the trial results presented in Table sand), in comparison with the reference variant (V1 – 1, significantly positive differences in the height of the 50% manure; 40% peat and 10% sand). seedlings have been noticed in the case of the variants The trial data regarding the diameter at shank base of of nutritive mixtures V3 (40% manure; 25% peat and Laburnum anagyroides Med. seedlings are presented in 35% sand) and V4 (40% manure; 20% peat and 40% Table 2. Table 2 Diameter at shank base in case of Laburnum anagyroides Med. species on the 15th day of June 2015 (112 days after the transplant) Average Relative Difference Significance diameter at the diameter at the (mm) Trial variant shank base shank base (mm) (%) V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand 0,188 100,00 0,000 - (Control) V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand 0,259 137,53 0,070 * V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand 0,320 169,76 0,131 ** V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand 0,412 218,96 0,224 *** LSD 5% = 0,068 mm; LSD 1% = 0,098 mm; LSD 0,1% = 0,144 mm. According to the analysis of the trial data Besides the aerial part, the radicular system also plays presented in Table 2, regarding the influence of the a very important role in growing and developing the nutritive mixture composition on the diameter at the seedlings and from this point of view we analysed the shank base of the seedling, it can be noticed that in number of roots and the research results are presented case of variant V4 (40% manure, 20% peat and 40% in Table 3. sand) a significantly positive difference (0,224 mm) has been recorded in comparison to the control variant. 60 Table 3 The number of roots for the species Laburnum anagyroides Med. on the 15th of June 2015 (112 days after the transplant) Average Relative Difference Significance Trial variant number of roots value V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand 2,92 100,00 0,00 - (Control) V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand 3,95 135,04 1,02 * V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand 5,25 179,48 2,32 *** V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand 6,72 229,91 3,80 *** LSD 5% = 0,91; LSD 1% = 1,31; LSD 0,1% = 1,93. The comparative analysis of the nutritive mixtures The radicular system volume is given by the variants used for producing the golden chain seedlings number of roots and by their length. underlines very significant positive differences for the From this point of view we did biometric root length experimental variants V3 – 40% manure, 25% peat and measurements for the species Laburnum anagyroides 35% sand, respectively V4 – 40% manure, 20% peat Med., and the obtained experimental results are given and 40% sand. in Table 4. Table 4 Root length of the species Laburnum anagyroides Med. on the 15th of June 2015 (112 days after the transplant) Average root Relative root Difference Significance Trial variant length length (cm) (cm) (%) V1 – 50% manure; 40% peat; 10% sand 1,97 100,00 0,00 - (Control) V2 – 30% manure; 50% peat; 20% sand 2,84 144,38 0,87 ** V3 – 40% manure; 25% peat; 35% sand 3,47 176,29 1,50 *** V4 – 40% manure; 20% peat; 40% sand 4,14 209,92 2,16 *** LSD 5% = 0,44 cm; LSD 1% = 0,63 cm; LSD 0,1% = 0,93 cm. This morphologic character analyzed while positive differences registered for the variants V3 and the golden chain seedlings were striking roots is also V4.