University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 5-6-2013 “The Right Sort of White Men”: General Leonard Wood and the U. S. Army in the Southern Philippines, 1898-1906 Omar H. Dphrepaulezz University of Connecticut,
[email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Dphrepaulezz, Omar H., "“The Right Sort of White Men”: General Leonard Wood and the U. S. Army in the Southern Philippines, 1898-1906" (2013). Doctoral Dissertations. 59. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/59 “The Right Sort of White Men”: General Leonard Wood and the U. S. Army in the Southern Philippines, 1898-1906 Omar Hassan Dphrepaulezz University of Connecticut, 2013 This dissertation examines an encounter with the Muslim world within the context of U.S. overseas expansion from 1898 to 1906 and the transformation of white masculinity in the United States from the 1870s to the 1920s. In 1906, in the southernmost portion of the Philippines, the U.S. military encountered grassroots militant resistance. Over one thousand indigenous Muslim Moros on the island of Jolo, in the Sulu archipelago, occupied a dormant volcanic crater and decided to oppose American occupation. This meant defying their political leaders, who accommodated the Americans. These men and women, fighting in the defense of Islamic cultural and political autonomy, produced the spiritual, intellectual, and ideological justification for anti-imperial resistance. In this dissertation, I examine how underlying cultural assumptions and categories simplified definitions of race and gender so that American military officials could justify the implementation of U.S.