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The Change of the Oral Health Status After Applying the Dental Health Education Program for International Marriage Migrant Women

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The Change of the Oral Health Status After Applying the Dental Health Education Program for International Marriage Migrant Women Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.1.206 cooperation Society Vol. 14, No. 1 pp. 206-213, 2013 결혼이주여성의 구강보건교육 프로그램 적용 후 구강상태의 변화 최미숙1* 1안동과학대학교 치위생과 The Change of the Oral Health Status after Applying the Dental Health Education Program for International Marriage Migrant Women Mi-Sook Choi1* 1Department of Dental Hygiene, Andong Science College 요 약 본 연구는 구강건강 증진을 위한 구강건강신념의 형성을 위해서 결혼이주여성들은 대상으로 구강보건교육 프로그램을 개발․실시하여 구강보건교육 실시 전과 실시 후가 구강건강 지식 및 태도에 어떤 효과가 있는지 진단해 보고 실제적으로 구강상태를 조사하여 구강건강증진 어떤 변화가 있는지 알아보고자한다. 다문화가족지원센터에서 2012년 3월 26일에서 2012년 6월 30일까지 연구대상자는 실험집단, 통제집단 각각 51명으로 구성되었고, 구강지식 과 인식을 사전-사후 조사했으며 인식에 변화가 있어 치과를 방문한 사람을 추후 조사하여 구강상태를 조사하여 대 응표본t검증, 반복측정 변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 구강보건 인식에서는 구강상식, 치주질환, 치아우식증, 잇솔 질 영역에서 향상 나타났고 구강보건지식에서는 치주질환, 치아우식증, 잇솔질, 불소, 구취영역에서 구강보건인식에 서 향상 나타났다. 우식경험영구지수(DMFT index)변화 즉 우식경험 미처치 치아수 (DT index)가 줄어들고 우식경 험 처치치아수 (FT index) 늘어났다. 이상의 결과와 같이 본 연구에서 개발한 국제결혼이주 여성을 위한 구강보건 교육 프로그램은 결혼이주여성들의 구강보건인식. 지식 등의 변화를 가져왔으며 지식의 변화는 행동의 영향을 주어 치주상태, 우식경험 영구치지수의 변화도 있었다. 이는 결혼이주여성의 구강보건을 위한 교육프로그램의 중요성을 보여주고 있으며, 추후 구강보건교육 프로그램 개 발을 위한 정보를 제공하여 다양한 측면에서 구강보건교육 프로그램이 개발되어 예방과 치료를 병행할 수 있게 되 어야할 것이다. Abstract This study aims at finding which change there is of oral health promotion as investigating the oral health status in quality, diagnosing which effects knowledge and attitude of oral health has before and after the oral health education as developing and conducting the oral health education program for international marriage migrant women to form their oral health belief for improving oral health. This study consisted of each 51 of the experimental group and the controlled group at the multi-cultural family support center from 26th of March, 2012 to 30th of June, 2012 as the subjects, and pre-to-post investigated knowledge of oral and cognition. Also as it took follow-up examination of the clients who visited to the dentist with changing of their cognition, conducted matched-pair sample t-test and analysis of repeated measure variance. As the result, there were always the changes at the field of knowledge about oral, periodontal disease and toothbrush in awareness of oral health, and at the field of periodontal disease, dental caries, toothbrush, fluorine and bad breath in knowledge of oral health. The change of DMFT index, DT index has been reduced and FT index has been increased. As the result above, the oral health education program for international marriage migrant women has led to change awareness of oral health and knowledge, and the change of knowledge has influenced to a behavior, so there were the changes of periodontal status and DMFT index as well. This has been showing the importance of the program for oral health of international marriage migrant women. Moreover, while the oral health education program is developed in various aspects by offering the information for developing the oral health education program in future, it needs to run parallel prevention with treatment. Key Words: Dental Health Education Program, International Marriage Migrant Women, Oral Health Status 본 논문은 2012년도 안동과학대학교 교육역량강화사업 학술연구비 지원에 의한 연구임 *Corresponding Author : Mi-Sook Choi (Andong Science College) Tel: +82-54-851-3569 email: [email protected] Received December 24, 2012 Revised January 8, 2013 Accepted January 10, 2013 206 결혼이주여성의 구강보건교육 프로그램 적용 후 구강상태의 변화 1. 서론 이러한 건강신념변화 및 구강보건교육프로그램을 살 펴보기 위한 최근 연구로는 중년여성을 위한 구강보건교 2011년 1월 결혼이민자는 211,458명으로 2010년도 육 프로그램을 적용한 효과[12]에 대한 연구가 있다. 외 (181,671명)에 비해 16.4% 증가하였으며, 성별로는 여성 국의 연구로는 미국에서 이민자를 위한 구강보건교육 프 이 89.2%, 국적 취득자는 33%이다. 국제결혼 이주여성은 로그램의 효과에 대한 논문으로 Brown, Canham, 매년 증가하여 2010년 161,999명, 2011년 1월 188,580명 Cureton[13] ‘라틴계 이민자 부모를 위한 구강 보건 교육 이며, 출신국가는 중국, 베트남, 필리핀 순으로 나타났다 프로그램(An Oral Health Education Program for Latino [1]. 여성 결혼이민자 환자들 중에서 치료를 잘 받지 못하 Immigrant Parents)’이 있다. 그러나 아직까지 우리나라는 고 있는 영역으로는, 정신과적 영역(우울증은 치료 수진 구체적이고 체계적인 결혼이주 여성을 위한 구강보건교 율이 26.0%, 정신분열증은 32.7%)과 생활습관병 영역(고 육프로그램 운영이 되지 못하고 있다. 주로 결혼이주 여 혈압은 치료 수진율이 32.2%, 고지혈증은 39.3%), 그리 성의 임신, 출산, 건강 및 아동교육에 대한 교육프로그램 고 부인과 질환 영역(자궁 근종은 35.4%의 수진율을 보 이 진행되고 있는 상황으로 구강건강 교육은 국소적이며 임)들로 조사되고 있다[2]. 이러한 보고를 반영하듯, 전신 교육의 기회를 제공하는 교육시설이 없다는 이유로 구강 건강 및 정신건강상태에 관련된 연구[3,4,5]는 많이 이루 보건의 문제가 심각함에도 불구하고 이루어지지 못하고 어지고 있는 실정이다. 결혼이주여성들에게 있어서 취약 있다. 할 수 있는 전체적인 전신적이고 정신적인 건강문제에 따라서 본 연구는 구강건강 증진을 위한 구강건강신념 대한 연구들은 다소 활발하게 이루어지고 있지만, 구강건 의 형성을 위해서 결혼이주여성들은 대상으로 구강보건 강상태에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다[6]. 교육 프로그램을 개발․실시하여 그 효과를 검증하여 추 구강건강은 건강의 필수적인 요소이므로 구강 질환의 후 결혼이주여성을 위한 검증된 구강보건교육 프로그램 고통에서 벗어나 일상생활에 장애를 받지 않고 행복하게 개발에 기초자료로 활용되는데 의의가 있다. 살아가기 위해서는 건강의 일부로서 구강건강이 적절히 관리되어야 하고 강조되어야 할 영역이라 할 수 있다[7]. 현재 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 한 구강관련 연구는 구강 2. 연구방법 건강상태 및 실태에 그치고 있는 실정이다[8,9,10]. 결혼 이주 여성의 대부분이 치아 우식증 및 치주질환을 경험 2.1 연구대상 하고 있었고, 60%이상에서 충전, 치아발거, 보철물 장착 본 연구에서는 3개의 다문화가족지원센터에서 2012년 의 등 치과치료가 필요하였다[10]. 결혼이주여성들의 구 3월 26일에서 2012년 6월 30일까지 연구대상자는 실험집 강건강을 개선을 위해서는 구강건강증진 행위가 요구된 단, 통제집단 각각 51명으로 구성되었고 연구대상자의 다. 구강건강증진 행위란 구강건강을 보호하는 행동적 환 특성은 Table 1와 같다. 경적 적응을 촉진할 수 있도록 조직적, 정책적, 경제적 조 치와 구강보건교육이 조합되어, 구강건강에 기여하는 행 [Table 1] The nature of the subjects 동을 강화하고 개인을 질병이나 사고의 위험에 노출시키 How to teach 는 행동을 약화시킨다. 이를 위해 교육적 지원과 환경적 Perio Objec Contents and analysis of 지원의 조합이 중요하다[11]. 그러나 아직까지 우리나라 d tives variables 는 구체적이고 체계적인 결혼이주 여성을 위한 구강보건 * Experience 교육프로그램 운영이 되지 못하고 있다. 주로 결혼이주 education-40min. ⦁ Oral - Pre-survey 여성의 임신, 출산, 건강 및 아동교육에 대한 교육프로그 Motiva organization (The real tion and function 램이 진행되고 있는 상황으로 구강건강 교육은 국소적이 condition of oral for ⦁ The care, knowledge, 며 교육의 기회를 제공하는 교육시설이 없다는 이유로 partici importance of The awareness) 구강보건의 문제가 심각함에도 불구하고 이루어지지 못 st pating dental health 1 - Oral checkup in the ⦁ Incisor 하고 있다. educ - Measurement of oral eruption time ation simplified oral 결혼이주여성의 직접적이고 물리적인 의료관련 지원 health ⦁ Dental hygiene index educati plaque risk 도 중요하지만 장기적으로는 결혼이주여성들이 건강신념 (OHI-S) on 의 변화를 통해서 주체적으로 자신의 건강을 돌볼 수 있 *Instruct-led program 도록 교육프로그램 제공이 매우 필요하다고 할 수 있다. education-30min. 207 한국산학기술학회논문지 제14권 제1호, 2013 - A class with ppt Knowl * Experience - Training of edge education-40min. tooth-brushing of ⦁Identificatio Follo - Survey * Formative continu n evaluation w- - Tooth-brushing, evaluation ous oral of the up dental floss, ⦁ care & promotion of The cause inves interdental brush of periodontal attitude oral health * Instruct-led tigati - Oral checkup disease(gum and and the education (ppt and on - Simplified oral disease) behavi management video) hygiene index Knowl occurrence oral - 30min. (CHI-S) edge ⦁Progress of change * Experience of periodontal education-30min. period disease - Training of 교육자는 치과위생사를 대상으로 철저한 사전준비를 ontal ⦁A preventive tooth-brushing (use tissue method of 시켜 총 5명이 투입되었다. 현재 보건소와 산업체에 치과 dental colorant) The disease periodontal - Use of interdental 위생사로 근무하고 있는 자로서 각 영역에서 최소 7년 이 2nd & disease brush and dental educ attitude ⦁Distinction 상의 경력을 지닌 자이다. 연구대상자들의 특성을 고려하 floss ation and of his dental 여 가능한 쉬운 용어사용과 각종 매체를 최대 활용하고, - Observation of behavi plaque in oral dental plaque 간단한 질문과 요약을 통하여 이해수준을 도울 뿐만 아 oral one’s oral with a microscope change ⦁Removal of 니라 각종 문제(예: 한글이해, 구강보건 행위 등)에 대해 * Formative dental plaque evaluation 적극 대처하여, 대상자들의 교육 참여를 적극적으로 유도 with correct 했다. toothbrush * Instruct-led ⦁The cause education (ppt and 2.2 교육프로그램 구성 Knowl of dental video) - 30min. edge caries(cavity) [Table 2] The contents of the oral health education * Experience of occurrence program education -30min. The dental ⦁Dental rd - Training of Fre Fre 3 caries plaque risk tooth-brushing(use Section que % Section que % educ & ⦁Progress of dental colorant) ncy ncy ation attitude dental caries - Use of dental floss Philippine 16 31.4 Philippine 11 21.6 and ⦁a preventive and tonng cleaner changing method of Vietnam 19 37.3 Vietnam 11 21.6 - Experience of the behavi dental caries China 7 13.7 China 18 35.3 efficacy of fluorine oral ⦁Tooth Cam * Formative 9 17.6 Thailand 11 21.6 change sealant bodia evaluation 1year 1year * Experience - 22 43.1 - 24 47.1 education-40min. 3years 3years - Post-survey 4years 4years ⦁The (The real - 15 29.4 - 13 25.5 necessity of condition of oral 6years 6years implant and care, knowledge, care 7years 7years awareness) Other ⦁The cause - 59.8 - 6 11.8 - Oral checkup dental of 9years 9years The - Measurement of th disease malocclusion Over Over 4 simplified oral 9 17.6 8 15.7 and and a problem 10years 10years educ hygiene index contin ⦁The cause Under Under ation (OHI-S) uous of cervical 30years 36 70.6 30years 27 52.9 * Instruct-led oral abrasion old old education-30min. care ⦁Oral health 30years 30years - A class with ppt and eating old-40 old-40 - Training of 9 17.6 20 39.2 habits years years tooth-brushing (use old old dental colorant) Over Over * Formative 7.8 evaluation 41years 6 11.8 41years 4 old old 208 결혼이주여성의 구강보건교육 프로그램 적용 후 구강상태의 변화 2.3 프로그램의 실시 [Table 4] Composition of questions of research tool [Table 3] Evaluation process of this program, period and Question Cronbach's Section Contents Remark method.
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