William Blake
64 CHAPTER-II The Contemporary Philosopher of Jibran. The first half of the twentieth century, an important period in modernism in terms of artistic output, was dominated by literary giants such as Kafka, Thomas Marm, Brecht, Maupassaunt, Proust, Joyce, Virginia Woolf, Hemingway, Faulkner and many more. What is common to this avant-garde, committed or otherwise, realist or absurdist, is their distinct aversion for, in fact a virtual revolt against the romantic tradition of the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries and a Penchant for the special and ironic art where sentimentalization of all sorts is Purged and God and nature are Practically thrown out of the scheme of things. With Nietzsche's bold declaration at the end of the nineteenth century that God was dead, science displaced religion and a whole new set of values emerged. The modem modes of presentation and narrative techniques, however, somehow contributed to the great division between what is described as the highbrow and mass culture, which the post modem writing is trying, albeit pathetically to overcome. At the same time, however there was also a parallel set of writers, poet one should rather say, who, unfazed and unimpressed by the emerging anti-lyrical and anti-sentimental spirit of modemism. The so-called secular age, steadfastly continued with the metaphysical tradition but adapted their poetic forms and techniques to the modem concerns. The category of late-comers to the ideals of the nineteenth century belong to poets such as Hesse, Rlike, 65 Hofmannsthal, Eliot, Yeats, Tagore, Robert Frost and Jibran who continued to grant lyricism, idealism and spirituality a central place in their works.
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