Solving the Puzzle Annual Report 2007 on the Cover: Paul M
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Solving the Puzzle Annual Report 2007 ON THE COVER: Paul M. Harari, MD, is Professor and Chairman of the UW Department of Human Oncology. His clinical and laboratory research focus on treatment advances for head and neck cancer patients, with emphasis on new treatment techniques and the interaction of molecular growth inhibitors with radiation. Dr. Harari is Chairman of the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Education Committee, Head and Neck Chair for the American Society of Clinical Oncology Education and Program Committees and has served as Director of Residency Training for Radiation Oncology at UW Hospital from 1997-2007. He is the first Jack Fowler Professor of Human Oncology at UW-Madison. This endowed Professorship honors the lifetime achievements and contributions of Dr. Fowler to the discipline of radiation oncology, biology and physics. Dear Friends, We have all experienced the extreme satisfaction of completing a particularly challenging puzzle – whether it’s a crossword puzzle, Sudoku, a Rubik’s Cube or a round of Scrabble. Our mission at the UW Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center revolves around solving puzzles each and every day. Cancer is the scientific puzzle of the century and we are devoting ingenuity and persistence every day to pursue the elusive solution. George Wilding, MD For all of us involved in cancer research, treatment and education at the UW Carbone Cancer Center, our compulsion to ask questions is driven by our quest for the solution. This guides the daily endeavors of our physicians and scientists who are translating discoveries every day from our research laboratories into new treatments that benefit cancer patients. This is why it is so important for us to secure the money to complete the Interdisciplinary Research Complex, highlighted on pages 22-23 of this report. On each floor of this state-of-the- art complex our researchers will continue to solve the puzzles of breast, prostate, pediatric and lung cancers, just to name a few. This innovative complex, which will focus on speeding up research from bench to bedside, will allow us to retain our renowned faculty and recruit the best and brightest researchers from around the world. In the pages that follow, you’ll meet several individuals – our researchers, physicians and staff who are trying to solve the elusive cancer puzzle. Our mission is simple: to relieve suffering and find ways to prevent and cure cancer. As the state of Wisconsin’s only comprehensive cancer center, we pledge to continue putting the puzzle pieces together, looking for answers and providing you with results. It is our steadfast commitment to you. Sincerely, George Wilding, MD Director, UW Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center Anderson Professor of Medicine “Do all the good you can, by all the means you can, in all the ways you can, in all the places you can, at all the times you can, to all the people you can, as long as ever you can.” -John Wesley UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 1 collaboration persistence creativity 2 SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 NAME: Patricia Keely TITLE: Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, and an affiliate member of the Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Laboratory for Molecular Biology. AREA OF FOCUS: Breast cancer cell migration into connective tissue. UNIQUE ASPECTS OF MY RESEARCH: We are investigating how breast cancer cells spread by invading into the local connective tissue. We are also trying to understand the mechanism by which breast cancer is more likely to occur in regions where the local connective tissue is more dense. FAVORITE PIECE OF EQUIPMENT: The microscope. MOST IMPORTANT TO ME: Every single member of my lab and the Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, and knowing that what we do matters. BEST PART OF MY JOB: I get to work with fabulous people who inspire, challenge, and amuse me. BEST WORK QUALITY: I am tenacious, yet open minded to input from colleagues and members of my lab. SOMETHING YOu’d BE SURPRISED TO KNOW: I am myself twice a cancer survivor, and am participating in a clinical trial with a new generation anti-cancer drug. I am completely convinced of the promise of cancer research, from the perspective of a researcher and of a patient. MY FRIENDS DESCRIBE ME AS: Energetic and optimistic. I know how to balance work and life, and keep it in perspective. WHEN I’m nOT AT WORK: I cherish time with my son, my beau, my family, and my friends. SOLVING THE CANCER PUZZLE INVOLVES: Cancer is a complex disease with more nuances than originally expected. Solving the cancer puzzle involves creativity and an open mind, collaborating with many scientists from different disciplines, and persistence. Live breast cancer cells appear blue and can be seen invading into the local connective tissue, which appears green/yellow. Images such as this, captured by novel microscopy approaches, shed light onto the mechanisms by which cancer cells spread through the body. SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 3 colleagues molecular mechanisms viruses 4 SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 NAME: Paul Ahlquist TITLE: Kaesberg Professor of Oncology, UW School of Medicine and Public Health and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute. AREA OF FOCUS: Molecular mechanisms by which viruses replicate, interact with cells and cause disease, including certain cancers. CURRENT CANCER INITIATIVES: In collaboration with other UWCCC members, we are conducting large scale studies defining the molecular changes in head/neck and cervical cancers, and mechanistic studies of viruses causing these cancers and liver cancer. OUR RESEARCH IN THE BIGGER PICTURE: Understanding how tumor-causing viruses function reveals targets to block infection, tumor induction and tumor maintenance. MOST TREASURED WORK POSSESSION: Relationships with colleagues. NOTABLE RECOGNITIONS: Election to US National Academy of Sciences (NAS), National Institutes of Health MERIT Award, National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award. STRENGTHS OF RESEARCH ON THE UW-MADISON CAMPUS INCLUDE: Highly interactive colleagues and a great breadth of expertise to attack problems in new, interdisciplinary ways. WHY I’m CONFIDENT ABOUT CONTINUING PROGRESS AGAINST CANCER: Dramatic advances in cancer biology and medicine are being led by deeply committed researchers and clinicians armed with increasingly sophisticated knowledge and tools. WHEN I’m nOT AT WORK: Family, classical music, cycling, reading. RECENT READING: The World is Flat by Thomas Friedman. SOLVING THE CANCER PUZZLE INVOLVES: Developing and using new approaches to identify interconnected groups of pieces, and then viewing and manipulating these groups from fresh perspectives. Exterior structure of human papillomavirus, the virus that causes essentially all cervical cancers, many head and neck cancers, and other cancers. SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 5 organic chemistry discovery strategies 6 SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 NAME: Laura Kiessling TITLE: Hilldale Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Laurens Anderson Professor of Biochemistry. AREA OF FOCUS: Development of strategies for selective recognition of cells; synthesis of compounds that selectively bind to cell surface receptors. RECENT ADVANCES INCLUDE: Using organic chemistry, we have built compounds that recruit naturally-produced human antibodies to the tumor cell surface. When the antibodies bind to the cancer cells, they promote tumor cell killing. UNIQUE QUALITY OF MY RESEARCH: My research integrates biology and chemistry. Chemists are able to make novel compounds that can probe biology in new ways. discovery GREAT THINGS ABOUT WHAT I DO: Like all scientists, I am driven by discovery. In addition to trying to understand nature better, I also enjoy inventing new methods to manipulate natural systems. SOMETHING YOu’d BE SURPRISED TO KNOW: I grew up swimming, fishing, ice skating and canoeing in Lake Mills, Wisconsin. And I was captain of my crew team in college. NOTABLE RECOGNITIONS: I was recently elected to the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS), which is a great honor. One of my most favorite awards, however, is the Harrison-Howe Award from the Rochester Section of the American Chemical Society. It is meaningful to me because I was the first woman to win that award since Gertie Cory (who won with her husband) in 1947. BEST WORK ENVIRONMENT FEATURE: The people. My colleagues on campus are great, and the researchers in my group are outstanding. The value of my group is well illustrated in a conversation I had with my daughter the morning I was elected to the NAS. As I drove her to school in the morning, I told her that the first thing I wanted to do was tell the people in my lab. She said, “Yes, mom—you need to do that because you wouldn’t get elected if it were not for them. They do all the experiments.” She’s exactly right! MY PERSONAL CANCER CONNECTION: Both my father-in-law and my aunt died of multiple myeloma. SOLVING THE CANCER PUZZLE INVOLVES: Multiple research fields (from the physical sciences and engineering to biology and medicine) and multiple approaches. Major breakthroughs often require collaborations between scientists that differ in their expertise and perspective. Shown is an artistic rendering of the complex that elicits cell lysis; it is composed of complement proteins, the anti-Gal antibody, the bifunctional ligand, and the tumor cell surface. SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 7 targeted radiation world travel residents 8 SOLVING THE PUZZLE UWCCC ANNUAL report 2007 NAME: Rakesh Patel TITLE: Assistant Professor, Department of Human Oncology. AREA OF FOCUS: Breast cancer, Targeted Radiation with Brachytherapy. NOTEWORTHY CANCER INITIATIVE: I have dedicated my academic focus to improving the quality and access to advanced breast radiation therapy. To that end, I have traveled around the globe to educate physicians and patients about novel approaches to treat early stage breast cancer.