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Some Unpublished Letters from John Knox to Christopher Edinburgh Research Explorer 'Some unpublished letters from John Knox to Christopher Goodman' Citation for published version: Dawson, J 2005, ''Some unpublished letters from John Knox to Christopher Goodman'' Scottish Historical Review, vol. lxxxiv, pp. 166-201. Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Scottish Historical Review Publisher Rights Statement: ©Dawson, J. (2005). 'Some unpublished letters from John Knox to Christopher Goodman'. Scottish Historical Review, lxxxiv, 166-201 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Apr. 2019 Some Unpublished Letters from John Knox to Christopher Goodman Author(s): Jane Dawson, Lionel K. J. Glassey and John Knox Source: The Scottish Historical Review, Vol. 84, No. 218, Part 2 (Oct., 2005), pp. 166-201 Published by: Edinburgh University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25529851 . Accessed: 13/12/2013 05:44 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Edinburgh University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Scottish Historical Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 129.215.19.188 on Fri, 13 Dec 2013 05:44:18 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions The Scottish Historical Review, Volume LXXXLV, 2: No. 218: October 2005, 166-201 JANE DAWSON AND LIONEL K.J. GLASSEY Some Unpublished Letters from John to Knox Christopher Goodman1 ABSTRACT The of five to unexpected discovery unknown letters from John Knox his friend and English ally Christopher Goodman, all dating from the period 1566-9, elucidates several aspects of the Scottish Reformer's later career. The provenance and appearance of these letters, four of which survive as are only eighteenth-century transcripts, described in Sections I-IV. Section V discusses the of the letters. is significance It argued that Knox was a to strongly tempted by the prospect of mission Ireland, jointly with in that Goodman to Goodman, 1566; persuaded Knox adopt the radical in Puritan position the English Vestiarian controversy; that Knox became about the in increasingly pessimistic ecclesiastical and political situation Scotland in the late the 1560s, notwithstanding elimination of Mary, of Scots Knox as Queen (whom described 'that cursed Jesabel') from the Scottish that Knox maintained a of contacts scene; range that provided him with extensive and up-to-date information about affairs in England as well as in to and Ireland Scotland; and, especially, that Knox retained a the end of his life perception that the Protestant Reformation consti a a tuted 'British', rather than specifically Scottish, phenomenon, in which Isles were the three countries making up the British inextricably as to interlinked Protestant evangelists of all nationalities worked together new one establish the religion. The letters themselves (with additional same source secre letter derived from the archival and written by Knox's to are as as tary Richard Bannatyne Goodman) reproduced accurately in possible the Appendices. Approximately one hundred letters written by John Knox were printed in the nineteenth in David standard edition of Knox's century Laing's are to We grateful to the Cheshire and Chester Archives and Local Studies Service and to Mr Jonathan Pepler, Cheshire County Archivist, for permission reprint the letter to from the Leche of Carden MSS; and to the Denbighshire Record Office, Mr Kevin to Matthias, Denbighshire County Archivist, and the Pias Power estate for permission to to reprint the letters from the Pias Power MSS. We would additionally wish express thanks to the staff of the Cheshire County Record Office and to the staff of the on the occasions of our Denbighshire Record Office for their very helpful efficiency and to Profes visits to the respective Search Rooms to consult and transcribe the MSS; most sor James Kirk, Mrs Linda Frost and Dr Paul Parvis for their valuable assistance for the and advice. Jane Dawson would additionally wish to thank the British Academy award of a Small Research Grant to facilitate her work on the Goodman papers. DR jane dawson is Senior Lecturer in Ecclesiastical History, University of Edinburgh. DR LIONEL K.J. GLASSEY is Senior Lecturer in Modern History, University of Glasgow. This content downloaded from 129.215.19.188 on Fri, 13 Dec 2013 05:44:18 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions SOME UNPUBLISHED LETTERS FROM KNOX TO GOODMAN 167 Works.2 It is not certain which is the earliest;3 the latest is dated 7 Septem ber 1572. Many of these letters had earlier been published by Knox or himself, or by Calderwood or M'Crie both.4 Others had been tracked down by Laing in the British Library (then the British Museum), the National Archives (then the State Paper Office and subsequently the Public Record Office), and elsewhere. Laing accompanied his account of his researches with the reflection: is no means a few more of It by improbable that letters the Scottish Reformer are in existence, and may still be recovered; yet I can say that no at or there is likely quarter for discovering such letters, either home or abroad, that has not been more less carefully examined. Laing had undoubtedly worked energetically to find more of Knox's correspondence. He tried without success to identify a collection of letters, allegedly including some from Knox, described in the early nineteenth the Durham R.S. Surtees as surviv century by antiquarian ing at Streatlam Castle; and he reported his failure to discover new Knox material in various private collections in Scotland, in the Bodleian Library in Oxford, and at Geneva and Z?rich.5 I one Only of the letters printed by Laing is from Knox to Christopher Goodman, the English Puritan clergyman who had been Knox's erst while colleague at Geneva and who became his lifelong friend; this is dated 19 July 1572.6 More of Knox's correspondence with Goodman has now surfaced: one an original, holograph, letter; eighteenth-century same transcript of the letter; and eighteenth-century transcripts of four more letters for which no originals survive. All five letters are of the greatest value, in that they illustrate Knox's view of the ecclesiastical and political condition of Scotland and England at the time when they were written. are more documents or They accompanied by many transcripts of documents relating to both Knox and Goodman, and are to be found among the Leche of Carden MSS in the Cheshire County Record Office (the holograph letter) and the Pias Power MSS in the Denbighshire Record Office (the eighteenth-century transcripts). This material is linked together by the circumstance that it all derives ultimately from the papers of the Leche family of Carden Hall, a few miles to the south-east of Chester. D. The Laing (ed.), Works offohn Knox, 6 vols (2nd edn, Edinburgh, 1895) [cited here after as Knox, iii. iv. v. vi. 525-632. 3 Works], 337-402; 217-53, 261-86; 5-6; 11-148, Knox J. Ridley, John (Oxford, 1968), 538-44: Appendix IV, 'The Date of Knox's Letters to Mrs Bowes'. 4 i-ii Knox, Works, (Knox's History of the Reformation in Scotland); D. Calderwood, The the Kirk 8 ed. T. History of of Scotland, vols, Thomson (Edinburgh, 1842-9); T. M'Crie, The Knox, 2 vols 5 Life offohn (Edinburgh, 1813). Knox, Works, vi. 7-10, 523-4. vi. also in iii. Knox, Works, 618-19; printed Calderwood, History, 114; and M'Crie, Life, ii. 395-6. This content downloaded from 129.215.19.188 on Fri, 13 Dec 2013 05:44:18 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 168 JANE DAWSON AND LIONEL K.J. GLASSEY The original letter, all in Knox's own hand, was written in October 1566, when Knox was at Ayr and Goodman was acting as chaplain to Sir Henry Sidney, the Lord Deputy of Ireland. Complete and in good condi so as tion, it has not, far can be ascertained, been hitherto published or as quoted. The transcripts, is explained below, appear to have been made at Carden Hall in the first half of the eighteenth century, when the collec tion of Leche family papers was evidently much larger than it is now. In addition to a copy of the letter of October 1566, there are copies of letters from Knox to Goodman dated February 1566[/7], November 1568 and May 1569, plus a copy of an undated letter which can be ascribed from internal evidence to late May or early June 1567. Again, these do not appear to have been published or quoted. The fate of the originals from or which these transcripts were made is not clear.
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