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NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY FORT GEORGE G. MEADE, MARYLAND 20755-6000

FOIA Case: 105997 6 September 2019

JOHN GREENEWALD 27305 W LIVE OAK RD SUITE #1203 CASTAIC CA 91384

Dear Mr. Greenewald:

This responds to your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request of 21 December 2018 for Intellipedia entries for Moscovium, and/or Element 115, and/or Bob Lazar, which was received by this office on 26 December 2018. Your request has been assigned Case Number 105997. For purposes of this request and based on the infonnation you provided, you are considered an "all other" requester. As such, you are allowed 2 hours of search time and the duplication of 100 pages at no cost. There are no assessable fees for this request. Your request has been processed under the provisions of the FOIA.

For your infonnation, NSA provides a service of common concern for the Intelligence Community (IC) by serving as the executive agent for Intelink. As such, NSA provides technical services that enable users to access and share information with peers and stakeholders across the IC and DoD. Intellipedia pages are living documents that may be originated by any user organization, and any user organization may contribute to or edit pages after their origination. Intellipedia pages should not be considered the final, coordinated position of the IC on any particular subject. The views and opinions of authors do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government.

We conducted a search across all three levels of Intellipedia and located documents that are responsive to your request. The documents are enclosed. Certain infonnation, however, has been deleted from the documents.

This Agency is authorized by statute to protect certain infonnation concerning its activities, in this case. Such infonnation is exempt from disclosure pursuant to the third exemption of the FOIA, which provides for the withholding of infonnation specifically protected from disclosure by statute. The specific statute applicable in this case is Section 6, Public Law 86-36 (50 U.S. Code 3605). We have determined that such infonnation exists in this record, and we have excised it accordingly.

In addition, personal infonnation regarding individuals has been deleted from the enclosure in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552 (b)(6). This exemption protects from disclosure infonnation that would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of FOIA Case: 105997 personal privacy. In balancing the public interest for the infonnation you requested against the privacy interests involved, we have detennined that the privacy interests sufficiently satisfy the requirements for the application of the (b)(6) exemption.

Since these deletions may be construed as a partial denial of your request, you are hereby advised of this Agency's appeal procedures. If you decide to appeal, you should do so in the manner outlined below.

• The appeal must be in sent via U.S. postal mail, fax, or electronic delivery (e­ mail) and addressed to:

NSA FOIA/PA Appeal Authority (P132) National Security Agency 9800 Savage Road STE 6932 Fort George G. Meade, MD 20755-6932

The facsimile number is (443)479-3612. The appropriate email address to submit an appeal is [email protected].

• It must be postmarked or delivered electronically no later than 90 calendar days from the date of this letter. Decisions appealed after 90 days will not be addressed. • Please include the case number provided above. • Please describe with sufficient detail why you believe the denial of requested infonnation was unwarranted. • NSA will endeavor to respond within 20 working days of receiving your appeal, absent any unusual circumstances.

For further assistance or to discuss your request, you may contact our FOIA Public Liaison at [email protected]. You may also contact the Office of Government Infonnation Services (OGIS) at the National Archives and Records Administration to inquire about the FOIA mediation services they offer. OGIS contact infonnation is Office of Infonnation Services, National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road-OGIS, College Park, MD 20740-6001; e-mail: [email protected]; main: 202­ 741-5770; toll free: 1-877-684-6448; or fax: 202-741-5769.

Sincerely,

JOHN R. CHAPMAN Chief, FOIA/PA Office NSA Initial Denial Authority

Encls: a/s This document is made available through the declassification efforts and research of John Greenewald, Jr., creator of: The Black Vault

The Black Vault is the largest online Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) document clearinghouse in the world. The research efforts here are responsible for the declassification of hundreds of thousands of pages released by the U.S. Government & Military.

Discover the Truth at: http://www.theblackvault.com \

from: [email protected] Sent: Friday, December 21, 2018 1:3 'J PM To: FOJANET Subject: Message from FOIA Request Form

Your Name: Mr. John R Greenewald Email Address: [email protected] COUlpany/Organization: The Black Vault 27305 W Live Oak Rd Postal Address: Suite 1203 Castaic CA US 91384 Home Pbone: 8004562228 WorkPbone: To whom it may concern,

. This is a non-commercial request made under the provisions of the Freedom . ofInformation Act 5 U.S.c. S 552. ·My FOrA requester status as a " '. "represep.~tive ofthe news media" however due to your agency's denial of this status. I hereby submit thi$ request as an "All other" requester.

I prefer electronic delivery of the requested material either via email to [email protected], FAX 1-818-659-7688 or via CD-ROM or DVD via postal mail. Please contact me should this FOIA request should incur a charge.

I respectfully request a copy of the Intellipedia entry (from all three Wikis that make up the Intellipedia) for the following entry(s) (Or whatever similar topic may pertain if it is slightly worded differently): Describe the records you seek, and provide any MOSCOVIUM additional pertinent information (up to 5000· and/or characters): ELEMENT 115

. and/or

BOB LAZAR

Please also include any Intellipedia entries that contain the above mentioned keywords/phrases. ragree to accept only those articles that come up as a result of using the Intellipedia search engine as responsive to this portion of my request.

Thank you so much for your time, and I am very much looking forward to your response. ,.....--...... ----.,...,.,-.....-.-_...- ...."....: ;;""';:X_t$_~--__' ~ . -"""'-'~ "~'- .-,...... -...... ~ . -._"

Sincerely,

John Greenewald, Jr. 27305 W. Live Oak Rd. Suite #1203 Castaic, Ca. 91384 FAX 1-818-659-7688 Date Range of Requested Documents

2 Doc ID(OrtJnunpentium

VNCLASSIFIED From Intellipedia

(U) Vnunpentium is the temporary name of a synthetic superhea\')' element in lJnunpentium the that has the temporary symbol Vup and has the atomic I number 115. Multiple have been made by a fusion of calcium and (Uup-288 with the most ). It can be referred to as , I.; ~r.. eka-. I General (U) Element 115 also falls in the center of the theoretical . Name Symbol Series Although no stable isotopes have yet been found. conventional models predict I I I ununpentium Uup that if stable isotopes of element 115 can be produced. they will most likely I I I need the "" of 184 neutrons. which would be Uup-299. The I I I currently fabricated isotopes only had at most 173 neutrons (Uup-288). I Physical Properties Atomic Atomic Mass Number Contents 1­ I 115 I (299) g·mol" I pm History Appearance • I I • 2 Chemical Properties I I Isotopes • 3 Covalent In Popular Culture • 4 Radius References I I I • 5 Extemal Links pm g'cm,3 • 6 I I I Element Series • 7 I Configuration l Crystal Structure Conligul""dtion per Shell History [RnJ 5f14 6dlO 7s2 7p3 (guess 2. 8. 18. 32. 32. (U) On 2 February 2004. synthesis of ununpentium and ununtrium were based on 18.5 reported in C by a team composed of Russian scientists at bismuth) University's Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and American scientists I Other Information at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.[lH2 1 I Oxidation Ionization CAS Registry (U) The team reported that they bombarded americium (element 95) with I States Energy Number calcium (element 20) to produ~e four atoms of un un pentium (element 115). I I (est.) I 54085-64-2 These atoms, they report. alpha decayed to ununtrium (element 113) in .-----.--.-­ approximately 100 milliseconds. The ununtrium produced then existed for 1.2 seconds before decaying into natural clements.

(U) The synthesizing of the element was also reported by scientists of Japan .

(U) In May 2006 in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research the synthesis of this element was confirmed by another method (the chemical identifying on final products of decay of clement).

(U) Ununpentium is a temporary IUPAC systematic elemcnt name. Element 115 is also sometimes called eka-bisllllllh.

Cbemical Properties

(U) For now clement I 15 has only been manufactured in the amount of a few atoms. so the chemistry of element I 15 has yet to be researched, but chemistry and physics can tell us a lot about what to expect. Ahhough element 115 is in the same group as bismuth, its chemistry will probably be strongly altered by relativistic effectsVI One important predicted dillerence from bismuth is the presence of a stable of + I. and a Uup+ ion with a chemistry similar to T,... . There has been some experimental data for other superheavy elements. such as element 112. which seems to confirm relativistic effects for superheavy elements.

Isotopes

(U) Ununpentium has no stable isotopes. A standard atomic mass cannot be given.

Approved for Release by NSA on 09-06-2019, ForA Case * 105997 Doc ro~~~ymbol Z(P). N(n)! Isotopic Mass (u)I-II . Half-LifelSI Nuclear Spinl~1 Excitation En erg)' 287UUp 115 172 287.19119(85)161 32(+155-14)ms 288Uup 115 173 288.19249(92)[61 .87(+ I 05-30) ms · 289Uup 115 174289.19272(110)[61 10 sr61 290Uup 115 175 290.19414(106)16 1 10 s[61 291Uup 115 176 291.19438(95 )1 61 I min lol

In Popular Culture

(U) Ununpentium has been theorized to be inside the island of stability. This probably explains why it was mentioned regularly in popular culture, especially in UFO conspiracy theories. The most popular account of elemen.t 115. from Bob Lazar, is considered pseudoscience,l7J Although it is reasonable to suppose that element 115 will have unique properties. there is no openly available empirical evidence to back up La7..ar's claims.

References

I. Oganessian, Yuri. et al. "Experiments on the Synthesis of Element 115 in the Reaction 2~3 Am(~8Ca.xn)291-x 115 (http://link.aps.org/abstractlPRC/v69/e021601).''PhysicaIRel'iell' C. Volume 69 (2004), page 02160 I. 2. Oganessian. Yuri. et al. "of Elements 115 and I \3 in the Reaction 2~3 Am + 48Ca (http://link.aps.org/abstractlPRCivn /e03461I Synthesis)." Physical Review C. Volume n (2005) page 034611. 3. Keller. O. L.; Nestor, C. W. Fricke, Burkhard. "Predicted Properties of the Superheavy Elements III: Element 115. Eka·bisllluth (http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi=1 0.1 021/j I00612aO 15 )." JOllrnal ofPhysical ('hell/isl,..\'. Volume 78 ( 1974) pages 1945·1949. 4. Audi. G.; Wapstra. A.H.: Thibault. c.; Blachot. J.: Bersillon. O. "Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation (http://wvAv.nndc.bnl.gov lamde/index.html)." Nile/ear Physics. A 729 (2003). 5. Audi: Bersillon: Blaehot; Wapstra. "The Nubase2003 Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties (hup://amdc.in2p3.fr Iweb/nubase _en.html)." Nllclear Physics. A 729. pages 3·128 (2003): National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Infomlation extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (http://www.nndc.bnl.govlnudat2f) Retrieved September 2005.: Lide. David R. (editor): Holden. Norman E. "Section II. Table of the Isotopes." ('Re Handhook ()fChelllisiI), allli P/~\'sics 85th Edition . Boca Raton : CRC Press. 2005. 6. Values are not purely derived from experimental data. but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses. 7. Morgan. David L. "Lazar Critique (http://www.serve.com/mahoodllazar/critiq.htm} ... 26 August 1996lrevised October 2005).

External Links

• Apsidium. "Ununpentiulll (http://www.apsidium.comielements/ I15 .htm) ... • Glanz, James. "Uut and Uup Add Their Atomic Mass to Periodic Table (http://www.'ddiochemistry.org/periodictable/clements 1115.html)." :Veil' lork limes. I February 2004. • Oganessian, Yliri . "Superheavy Elcments: The Recent Discovery of Elements 113 and 115 Will Tell Us More About thc Structure of the Nucleus and the Possible Existence of the Island ()f Siabilily (http://physiesweb.orgiarticles/worldi 17/7i7)." Physicsweb.org. July 2004.

• van der Krogt. Peter. "I 15 Ununpclltium (hl1p: l/www.vanderkrogt.netielelllents/elem/uup.html). H £IelllenlYllloloRY & £femellis '\/uitidici. 8 January 2006. • WebElements.com. "lJnunpentillJ11 (lmp:II.... ,ww. webelemcnts.comfwebelements!clements/text/Uup/key.html)."

Element Series c.:.J'l,~,~",~"I~,~I .. Cl:JCI:JI,I~~:I,~:,,~~, ..I...:.:... I!.1,~~, .. III"I:,~, ... [~::~r ~~ JL~:~~-j : 104:: 105:: 106:: 107 ~ 108:: 109:: 110:: Ill:: II~ :: 113:: 114 :: 115 :: 116 ; 117 : 118 :

••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••~ Rf ~l Db II Sg ~, ••••••••••••••••••••Bh g Hs ...... f: Mt _f: •••.••••••••••Os ~l Rf!R ••••••••••••llUuh , ••••••••••••~l Uut _.~ ...... Uuq ~l Uup ~~ Uuh l Uus •j •••Uuo •••••••• ~

State at Standard Temperature and Pressure (OOC and I atm) Gases Liquids Solids Doc 10: 6679580 Natural Occurrence Undiscovered L:::~i~:~~~:~·~·~·.·.·.·I ~~~ ~~~a~ JI Primordial

Retrieved from "hllps:l/intellipedia.inle Iink.sgov.gov /w/index.php?title=Ununpent ium&oldid: 1685834"

Categories: Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls Transaclinides Chemical Elements UNCLASSIfiED

.' 1(b) (6) I • This page has been accessed 729 limes. . • I watching user • • This page was last modified 17:29.23 October 2009 by I...____ --'~ost recent editors:l... _____--'

USa of thIS us Goverrvnertt SYSIOOl , autl"o'LZOO Of tnatJIhonzed. c:onstltlAes COr'\Sef'j to monltOffYJ o11hl5 s~tem Unaulhol'lzed use may s.~e<:t you 10 crmJOaI ptoseclJ1 00 EVJdanco of U'la\thonzoo use co8ected d\.rrIg mondCO"l9 may be used 'Of ad'nnstrahve. Cflmnal. Of other adverse actO'lS I ~ ..... (b) (3) -P.L. 86-36 Jmmpentiwn - Intellipedia https:llintellipedia.intelink.ic.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&print...

Doc ID: 6679581 ,.. (U) Ununpentium

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(U) See the discussion page for more information about the status of this page.

I Ununpentium Ununpentium is the temporary name of a synthetic superheavy I - ...... J element in the periodic table that has the temporary symbol Uup it I~ u,. " ; and has the 115 . Multiple isotopes have been made i = i by a fusion of calcium and americium (Uup-288 with the most ! _. . . . _. .. .. __ . .__. ..J neutrons). It can be referred to as eka-bismuth. :1 General ... __ ._J Element 115 also falls in the center of the theoretical island of II Name I L~r~~i~ . _-' L__..~e!!~.!... j stability. Although no stable isotopes have yet been found, !Iununpentium !l Uuu l I conventional models predict that if stable isotopes of element 115 I L _ ~~?~p _ IL .__ P~ri()~ m JL B~ock j

can be produced, they will most likely need the "magic number" of!' .....K__ . )0 - . - ­ > 184 neutrons, which would be Uup-299. The currently fabricated Il Physical Properties _ !

isotopes only had at most 173 neutrons (Uup-288). ! Atomic . I' Atomic II Number I AtomiC Mass Radius [ __ !15 _ J [ _ (~2~L~:_ ~~I~ _ II ____E.m J Contents If Appearance I

• I History • 2 Chemical Properties • 3 Isotopes • 4 In Popular Culture • 5 References I Configuration I • 6 External Links • 7 Element Series i,=__. =s:;..;_ ~===~ry~c~tu=ta=!=e=--,1"C=O=!= __fi=~;gu=~ _=t_~=:=_~"""~()=~" i=.. __ ""!=_ ~~"_r.c"'-~r=;"'-.:ll=S~..:1 i'

t [Rn] 5fl4 ! J6dl0 7s2 7p3 2, 8, 18, 32, History ! (guess based 32, 18,5 i on bismuth) On 2 February 2004, synthesis ofununpentium and ununtrium ilF=====:::!!======,-=====i! l , Other Information ! were reported in Physical Review C by a team composed of I1 ~=====;r====='1F=====:I1 Russian scientists at Dubna University'S Joint Institute for Nuclear j Oxidation Ionization CAS i Research and American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore Registry I I, States Energy I Number National Laboratory.[I ][2] I'--______JL-____-->I,____--'I1

Approved for Release by NSA on 09-06-2019, FOIA Case # 105997 lof4 ...... ------112/26/2018 12:48 PM Jnunpentium - InteUipedia https://intellipedia.intelink.ic.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&print. ..

Doc ill: 6679581

The team reported that they bombarded americium (element 95) I[ II (est.) 1/54085-64-2 1/

with calcium (element 20) to produce four atoms of ununpentium L!::I =====::!.!======:::::!..!::====::!J (element liS). These atoms, they report, alpha decayed to ununtrium (element 113) in approximately 100 milliseconds. The ununtrium produced then existed for 1.2 seconds before decaying into natural elements.

The synthesizing of the element was also reported by scientists of Japan.

In May 2006 in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research the synthesis of this element was confirmed by another method (the chemical identifying on final products of decay of element).

Ununpentium is a temporary IUPAC systematic element name. Element liS is also sometimes called eka-bismuth.

Chemical Properties

For now element liS has only been manufactured in the amount of a few atoms, so the chemistry of element liS has yet to be researched, but chemistry and physics can tell us a lot about what to expect. Although element liS is in the same group as bismuth, its chemistry will probably be strongly altered by relativistic effectsV] One important predicted difference from bismuth is the presence of a stable oxidation state of +J, and a Uup+ ion with a chemistry similar to Tl+. There has been some experimental data for other superheavy elements, such as element 112, which seems to confirm relativistic effects for superheavy elements.

Isotopes

Ununpentium has no stable isotopes. A standard atomic mass cannot be given.

Z(p) N(n) Isotopic Mass (u)[4) Nuclide Symbol Half-Life!S) Nuclear [S\ Excitation Energy 287Uup 115 172 287.19119(85)[6] 32(+155-14) ms 288Uup 115 173 288.19249(92)[6] 87( + 105-30) ms

289uup 115 174 289.19272(11O)l6J 10 s[6J 290Uup 115 175 290.19414( I 06)[6] 10 s[6] 291Uup 115 176 291 .19438(95)16] 1 min[6]

In Popular Culture

Ununpentium has been theorized to be inside the island of stability. This probably explains why it was mentioned regularly in popular culture, especially in UFO conspiracy theories. The most popular account of element 115, from Bob Lazar, is considered pseudoscience.f7J Although it is reasonable to suppose that element 115 will have unique properties, there is no openly available empirical evidence to back up Lazar's claims.

References

20f4 12/2612018 12:48 PM Jnunpentium - Intellipedia https:llintellipedia.intelink.ic.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&print ...

Doc ID: 6679581 I. Oganessian, Yuri . et al. "Experiments on the Synthesis of Element lIS in the Reaction 243Am(48Ca,xn)291-x115 (http://link.aps.orgiabstract/PRC/v69/e021601).'' Physical Review C, Volume 69 (2004), page 02160 I. 2. Oganessian, Yuri. et al. "of Elements lIS and 113 in the Reaction 243Am + 48Ca (http://link.aps.org labstractJPRC/v72/e0346 I I Synthesis)." Physical Review C. Volume 72 (2005) page 034611. 3. Keller, O. L.; Nestor, C. W. Fricke, Burkhard. "Predicted Properties of the Superheavy Elements III: Element liS, Eka-bismuth (http://pubs3.acs.orglacs/journals/doiI00kup?in_doi=10.l 0211j I 00612aO IS)." Journal 0/Physical Chemistry, Volume 78 (1974) pages 1945-1949. 4. Audi, G.; Wapstra, A.H.; Thibault, c.; Blachot, J.; Bersillon, O. "Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/index.html)... , A729 (2003). 5. Audi; Bersillon; Blachot; Wapstra. "The Nubase2003 Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties (http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html).'' Nuclear Physics, A 729, pages 3-128 (2003); National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/) Retrieved September 2005.; Lide, David R. (editor); Holden, Norman E. "Section II, Table of the Isotopes." CRC Handbook o/Chemistry and PhYSics 85th Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2005. 6. Values are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses. 7. Morgan, David L. "Lazar Critique (http://www.serve.com/mahoodllazar/critiq.htm) ... 26 August 1996 (revised October 2005).

External Links

• Apsidium. "Ununpentium (http://www.apsidium.comlelements/I15.htm) ... • Glanz, James. "Uut and Uup Add Their Atomic Mass to Periodic Table (http://www.radiochemistry.org Iperiodictable/elements/115.html)." New York TImes, 1 February 2004. • Oganessian, Yuri. "Superheavy Elements: The Recent Discovery of Elements 113 and 115 Will Tell Us More About the Structure of the Nucleus and the Possible Existence of the Island o/Stability (http://physicsweb.org/articles/worJdlI71717).'' Physicsweb.org, July 2004. • van der Krogt, Peter. "lIS Ununpentium (http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/elem/uup.html) ... Elementymology &Elements Mulfidict, 8 January 2006. • WebElements. com. "U nunpentium (http://www.webelements.comlwebelements/elements/textlUup /key.html). "

Element Series

72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84-::-85-r;.J6 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po II At Rn •...... ~.~.~ - - •...... i 104 E105 g106 r: 107 § 108 r: 109 r: 110 gIll g112 g 113 g114 § lIS r: 116 1 117 1118 1 1Rf EDb r: Sg r: Bh g Hs § Mt r: Ds r: Rg gCn § Uut g FI r: Uup g Lv 1Uus 1Uuo 1 ...... -...... -...... -...... - ...... •...... •...... •..

State at Standard Temperature and Pressure (O°C and 1 atm) Gases Liquids Solids

30f4 12/26/2018 12:48 PM Jnunpentium - Intellipedia https:llintellipedia.intelink.ic.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&print...

Doc 10: 6679581 Natural Occurrence ···················:1 - - - - - , U n dIscovere· d S yn th etIc:.. :. 0From • Pnmor. d la' 1 •...... •...... •:1- _____ecay _•

Retrieved from "https://intellipedia.intelink.ic.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&oldid=28037221 "

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40f4 12/261201812:48 PM https:llintellipcdia.intelink.gov/w/index.php?title=Ununpentium&prin .. .

(U) Ununpentium

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(U) This page has not been edited since July II, 2007. Please help with completing or updating the page if it has intelligence value (U) See Intellipedia:Abandoned pages for more infonnalion about pages with this banner. (U) See the discussion page for more infomlation about the status of this page.

Ununpentium Ununpentium is the temporary name of a synthetic superheavy I Uup element in the periodic table that has the temporary symbol ? '~5f. ... Uup and has the atomic number liS. Multiple isotopes have I .. r. been made by a fusion of calcium and americium (Uup-288 I with the most neutrons). It can be referred to as eka-bismuth. I General Name Symbol Series Element liS also falls in the center of the theoretical island of I I I stability. Although no stable isotopes have yet been found, lununpentium I Uup I conventional models predict that if stable isotopes of element Group Period Block I, I I, lIS can be produced, they will most likely need the "magic number" of 184 neutrons, which would be Uup-299. The I Physical Properties currently fabricated isotopes only had at most 173 neutrons Atomic Atomic Atomic Mass (Uup-288). Number Radius I 115 1(299) g·mol- I I pm Appearance Contents I I I History Covalent • I Phase I Density Chemical Properties Radius I • 2 Isotopes pm g·cm-3 • 3 I I I • 4 In Popular Culture [ Configuration References • 5 Crystal Electron Electrons External Links • 6 Structure Configuration per Shell Element Series • 7 [Rn] 5f14 2,8, 18, 6dl0 7s2 7p3 32,32, 18, (guess based History 5 I on bismuth) Other Information On 2 February 2004, synthesis of un un pentium and ununtrium I were reported in Physical Review C by a team composed of

Approved for Release by NSA on 09-06-2019, ForA Case # 10 5997 lof4 12 /26/2018 12:24 PM hnps://inlellipcdia.inlclink.gov/w/index.php?lille=Ununpentium&prin ...

Russian scientists at Duhna University's Joint Institute for CAS Oxidation Ionization Nuclear Research and American scientists at the Lawrence Registry States Energy Livermore National Laboratory. (I ][2] Number

The team reported that they bombarded americium (element 95) 1 1 (est.) 154085-64-2 with calcium (element 20) to produce four atoms ofununpentium (element 115). These atoms, they report, alpha decayed to ummtrium (element 113) in approximately 100 milliseconds. The ununtrium produced then existed for 1.2 seconds before decaying into natural elements.

The synthesizing of the element was also reported by scientists of Japan.

In May 2006 in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research the synthesis of this element was confirmed by another method (the chemical identifying on final products ofdecay ofelement).

Ununpentium is a temporary IUPAC systematic element name. Element 115 is also sometimes called eka-bisl11l11h.

Chemical Properties

For now element lIS has only been manufactured in the amount of a few atoms, so the chemistry of element 115 has yet to be researched, but chemistry and physics can tell us a lot about what to expect. Although element 115 is in the same group as bismuth, its chemistry will probably be strongly altered by relativistic effects.P] One important predicted difference from bismuth is the presence of a stable oxidation state of + I, and a Uup+ ion with a chemistry similar to TI+. There has been some experimental data for other superheavy elements, such as element 112, which seems to confirm relativistic effects for superheavy elements.

Isotopes

Ununpentium has no stable isotopes. A standard atomic mass cannot be given.

Z(p) N(n) Isotopic Mass (u)141 Nuclide Symbol Half-LifelSI Nuclear SplnlSI Excitation Energy 287Uup 115 172 287.19119(85)[6) 32(+155-14) ms

288Uup I J5 173 288.19249(92)[6) 87( + 105-30) ms

289Uup 115 174 289.19272(110)[6] 10 s[6]

290Uup 115 175 290.19414(106)[6] 10 s[6] 291Uup 115 176 291.19438(95)[6] I min[6]

In Popular Culture

Ununpentium has been theorized to be inside the island of stability. This probably explains why it was mentioned regularly in popular culture, especially in UFO conspiracy theories. The most popular account

20f4 12 /26/2018 12:24 p~ 11I1ps:l/inlcllipcdia.inlclink.gov/w/index .php?litle""Ununpenlium&prin ...

of element liS, from Bob Lazar, is considered pseudoscienceJ71 Although it is reasonable to suppose that element liS will have unique properties, there is no openly available empirical evidence to back up Lazar's claims.

References

I. Oganessian, Yuri. et al. "Experiments on the Synthesis of Element liS in the Reaction 243 Am(48Ca,xn)291 '-x 115 (http://link.aps.org/abstractlPRC/v69/e021601).'' Physical Review C. Volume 69 (2004), page 02160 I. 2. Oganessian, Yuri. et al. "of Elements liS and 113 in the Reaction 243Am + 48Ca (hl1p:lllink.aps.org labstractlPRC/v72/e03461ISynthesis)." Physical Review C. Volume 72 (2005) page 034611. 3. Keller, O. L.; Nestor, C. W. Fricke, Burkhard. "Predicted Properties of the Superheavy Elements III : Element 115, Eka-bismuth (http://pubs3.acs.org/acs/journals/doilookup?in_doi= 10.1021 Ij I00612aOI5)." Journal 0.[ Physical ChemistlY. Volume 78 (1974) pages 1945-1949. 4. Audi, G.; Wapstra, A.H.; Thibault. c.; Blachot, J.; Bersillon, O. "Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/index.html). " Nuclear Physics. A 729 (2003). 5. Audi; Bersillon; Blachot; Wapstra. "The Nubase2003 Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties (http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html).'' Nuclear Physics, A 729, pages 3-128 (2003); National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Infonnation extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/) Retrieved September 2005 .; Lide, David R. (editor); l-1olden, Nonnan E. "Section 11, Table of the Isotopes." CRC Handbook ofChemistlJI and Physics 85th Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2005. 6. Values are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses. 7. Morgan, David L. "Lazar Critique (http://www.serve.com/mahoodllazar/critiq.htm) ... 26 August 1996 (revised October 2005).

External Links

• Apsidium. "Ununpenlium (http://www.apsidium.comlelementsI115.htm) ... • Glanz, James. "Uut and Uup Add Their Atomic Mass to Periodic Table (http://www.radiochemistry.orgiperiodictable/elementsIl15.html). " New York Times. 1 February 2004. • Oganessian, Yuri. "Superheavy Elements: The Recent Discovery of Elements 113 and liS Will Tell Us More About the Structure of the Nucleus and the Possible Existence of the Island ofStability (http://physicsweb.org/articles/worldlI71717). " Physicsweb.org, July 2004. • van der Krogt, Peter. "115 Ununpentium (http://www.vanderkrogt.netlelements/elemluup.html) ... Elementymology & Elements Multidict. 8 January 2006. • WebElements.com. "Ununpenti urn (http://w.vw.webelements.com/webelements/elements/textIUup Ikey.html)."

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