Rngrove, Grimley, Worcestershire, England, Where His Family Were Temporarily Interned After Their Capture by the British En Route to America
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Cànan is Cultar/Language and Culture Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 9 air a dheasachadh le Meg Bateman agus Richard A. V. Cox Clò Ostaig Cànan is Cultar/Language and Culture: Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 9 air a dheasachadh le Meg Bateman agus Richard A. V. Cox Air fhoillseachadh airson na ciad uarach an Albainn ann an 2019 le Clò Ostaig Sabhal Mòr Ostaig, Slàite, An t-Eilean Sgitheanach IV44 8RQ Air a chlò-bhualadh le Gwasg Gomer ISBN 978-0-9562615-5-7 © an teagsa: na h-ùghdaran 2019 © an leabhair agus dealbhadh a’ chòmhdaich: Clò Ostaig 2019 Na còraichean uile glèidhte. Chan fhaodar pàirt sam bith den leabhar seo ath- riochdachadh an cruth sam bith no air dòigh sam bith, aithnichte no fhathast neo-aithnichte, gun chead ro-làimh bhon fhoillsichear. Chuidich Urras an Eilein am foillsichear le cosg ais ean an leabhair seo. Ro-ràdh Thill an naoidheamh Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig dhan Eilean Sgitheanach, a Shabhal Mòr Ostaig, Oilthigh na Gàidhealtachd ’s nan Eilean, air 21–24 Ògmhios 2016. Bha deich bliadhna air a dhol seachad bho bha Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 4 againn ann an 2006. An uair seo, chuireadh fàilte air luchd-rannsachaidh à Alba, Èirinn agus Sasainn, às a’ Chuimrigh, a’ Ghearmailt, a’ Phoblachd Sheicich, na Stàitean Aonaichte agus à Canada, cho math ris an t-Seapan. Uile-gu-lèir, chaidh seachdad pàipear a thoirt seachad thairis air na ceithir latha: seachd prìomh òraidean agus trì fichead pàipear ’s a trì ann an seiseanan co-shìnte. Bha e na adhbhar brosnachaidh gun deach faisg air an dàrna leth dhiubh (31/70) a lìbh- rigeadh sa Ghàidhlig. Chaidh a’ cho-labhairt fhosgladh le prìomh òraid Ailein Dhòmhnallaich, ‘Buaidh an t-Saoghail Eile ann an Ceòl is Òrain’, taisbeanadh a bha na mhìorbhail de cheòl is de bheul-aithris, ach tuigear nach gabh a leithid foillseachadh air pàipear. Chaidh a’ cho-labhairt a dhùnadh le prìomh òraid Rob Uí Maolalaigh, ‘Caochlaideachd Chumanta sa Ghàidhlig: fuasglaidhean ùra’, pìos à obair fhada a thèid fhoillseachadh ann an àite eile. Cha nochd prìomh òraid Mhàrtainn MhicGriogair, ‘Some Thoughts on the Clearances’, an seo, air an adhbhar cheudna. Ach tha na ceithir prìomh òraidean eile – le Nancy Dorian, a bhruidhinn rinn air Skype à Pennsylvania, Anja Gunderloch, Raghnall MacilleDhuibh agus Michelle NicLeòid – air am foillseachadh an seo. Ar taing dhan t-seachdnar air fad. Chaidh cuireadh dhan a h-uile duine a leugh pàipear aig a’ cho-labhairt a chur thugainn agus chaidh an fheadhainn a nochdas an seo a sheis-leughadh taobh a-staigh an t-Sabhail. Tha fichead pàipear air am foillseachadh an seo, a’ riochdachadh iomadh taobh de rannsachadh na Gàidhlig: litreachas, eachdraidh, dualchas, ceòl, cànanachas, feallsanachd, creideamh, goireasan cànain, foghlam, eòlas nam meadhanan, eaconamachd agus sgaoileadh sluaigh. Tha farsaingeachd cuspairean nam pàipearan san leabhar seo a’ sealltainn an iomadh priosam tron soillsichear cànan agus dualchas na Gàidhlig. A bharrachd air na pàipearan, dh’èirich grunn thachartasan an lùib na co- labhairte. Bha taisbeanadh san Leabharlann air ‘Chapbooks Inbhir Aora’, an co-bhuinn ri prìomh òraid Raghnaill MhicilleDhuibh, cho math ri bogaidhean leabhair: Ainmeil thar Cheudan: Presentations to the 2011 Sorley MacLean Conference; Gnìomharran Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 8 (a chumadh ann an Dùn Èideann ann an 2014); A’ Ghàidhlig agus Beachdan nan Sgoilearan: cothroman leasachaidh ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na Gàidhlig, le Sìleas L. NicLeòid; agus Crotal Ruadh, leabhar bàrdachd le Sandaidh NicDhòmhnaill Jones. Ann an àite cho àlainn ris an Eilean Sgitheanach, cha robh e doirbh tursan a dhealbhadh do riochdairean na co-labhairte. Chaidh cuid de dhaoine dhan iv Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 9 t-Srath gus coimhead air sgìre a’ bhàird Uilleam Ros agus air an làraich ro-each- draidheil, Uamh an Àrd-Achaidh; cuid a Chaisteal Armadail agus Taigh-tasgaidh nan Eilean; agus cuid do cheàrdaich Ghobha Àird a’ Bhàsair. Bha dà roghainn fa chomhair na feadhna a bha deònach a dhol gu muir: cuairt air iacht air Linne Shlèite gus beachdachadh air dùthaich MhicRath, Ceann Tàile, agus a dualchas; agus cothrom seòladh a Chanaigh gus tadhal air Taigh mòr Chanaigh agus air a’ chruinneachadh beul-aithrise a rinn Iain Lathairne Caimbeul agus Mairead Fay Sheathach. Chaidh a’ cho-labhairt a chur air dòigh le comataidh bhig fo stiùir an Dr Gillian Rothaich. Feumar taing a thoirt do dh’iomadh duine: Eilidh Ghrannd a ghabh rianachd na co-labhairte os làimh; do Chairistìona Chain, Leabharlan- naiche an t-Sabhail, airson an taisbeanaidh; dhan fheadhainn a stiùir na tursan; do na h-eadar-theangaichean; dhan luchd-ciùil – clann à Slèite nam measg; do mhuinntir IT; agus do sgioba nan goireasan. Bu toigh leinn taing àraidh a thoirt dhan Bh-uas. Lucilla Noble agus Taigh- òsta Eilean Iarmain, do dh’Urras Shomhairle agus do Thaigh-staile Thalaisgeir airson aoigheachd a bhuileachadh air a’ cho-labhairt. Tha sinn cuideachd an comain Urras an Eilein airson taic airgid a chuidich le cosgaisean foillseachaidh an leabhair seo. Meg Bateman agus Richard A. V. Cox Sabhal Mòr Ostaig Oilthigh na Gàidhealtachd ’s nan Eilean v Introduction The ninth Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig returned to the Isle of Skye, to Sabhal Mòr Ostaig, University of the Highlands and Islands, on 21–24 June 2016. Ten years had passed since we had hosted Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 4 in 2006. On this occasion, researchers were welcomed from Scotlamd, Ireland, Wales and England, Germany, the Czech Republic, the United States, Canada and Japan. Altogether, seventy papers were read over four days: seven plenary papers and sixty-three sessional papers. It was encouraging that nearly half (31/70) were delivered in Gaelic. The conference wa opened with Ailean Dòmhnallach’s plenary, ‘Buaidh an t-Saoghail Eile ann an Ceòl is Òrain’ (Other-World influences in music and song), a presentation that was a marvel of music and folklore but, understandably, not replicable on paper. The conference was closed with Rob Ó Maolalaigh’s plenary, ‘Caochlaideachd Chumanta sa Ghàidhlig: fuasglaidhean ùra’ (common variation in Gaelic: new resolutions), part of a longer work to be published elsewhere. Màrtainn MacGriogair’s plenary, ‘Some Thoughts on the Clearances’, does not appear here, for the same reason. The other four plenaries, however – by Nancy Dorian, who attended via Skype from Pennsylvania, Anja Gunderloch, Raghnall MacilleDhuibh and Michelle NicLeòid – are published here. Our thanks to all of them. Everyone who read a paper at the conference was invited to submit it and those that appear here were peer-reviewed within Sabhal Mòr Ostaig. Twenty papers are published here, representing many facets of research in Gaelic Stud- ies: literature, history, tradition, music, linguistics, philosophy, religion, lan- guage facilities, education, media studies, economics and diaspora. The breadth of subject matter evident in this volume reveals the many prisms through which Gaelic language and culture are illuminated. In addition to the papers, a number of events took place as part of the con- ference. The Library hosted an exhibition on the ‘Inveraray Chapbooks’, in con- junction with Raghnall MacilleDhuibh’s plenary paper and there were several book launches: Ainmeil thar Cheudan: Presentations to the 2011 Sorley MacLean Conference; The Proceedings of Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 8 (held in Edinburgh in 2014); A’ Ghàidhlig agus Beachdan nan Sgoilearan: cothroman leasachaidh ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na Gàidhlig, by Sìleas L. NicLeòid; and Crotal Ruadh, a book of poetry by Sandaidh NicDhòmhnaill Jones. In an area as beautiful as Skye, it was not hard to plan outings for conference members. Some were taken to Strath to visit the poet Uilleam Ros’s district and the prehistoric site, Uamh an Àrd-Achaidh (high pasture cave); some to Armadale Castle and Taigh-tasgaidh nan Eilean (the islands’ museum); and vi Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig some to Gobha Àird a’ Bhàsair’s smithy. For those willing to put to sea, there were two options: a yacht trip over the Sound of Sleat to view the Macrae district of Kintail and its heritage; and a chance to sail to Canna to visit the large Taigh Chanaigh (Canna house) and the folklore collection amassed by John Lorne Campbell and Margart Fay Shaw. The conference was organised by a small committe chaired by Dr Gillian Munro. Thanks are due to several people: Eilidh Ghrannd who took on the con- ference administration; Cairistìona Chain, Sabhal Mòr Ostaig’s Librarian, for the exhibition; those who conducted the outings; the translators; the musicians – including children from Sleat; IT colleagues; and the facilities staff. We would like to thank especially Lady Lucilla Noble and Taigh-òsta Eilean Iarmain, Urras Shomhairle and Talisker Distillery for providing receptions for the conference. We are also endebted to Urras an Eilein for their financial sup- port in publishing this volume. Meg Bateman and Richard A. V. Cox Sabhal Mòr Ostaig University of the Highlands and Islands Clàr-innse C Ro-ràdh/Introduction iii/v An Saoghal tro Speuclairean na Gàidhlig? 1 Meg Bateman c Rob Donn MacKay: finding the music in the songs 11 Ellen L. Beard c Airs and Graces: metrical guidance for editors of Gaelic accentual verse 21 Virginia S. Blankenhorn c Recording the Last Native Manx Speakers 1909–1972 37 George Broderick c Gaelic as an Economic Asset – a thirty years’ journey 79 Douglas Chalmers c Saothair Sgoileireil aig Ministear san Eaglais Shaoir Aonaichte 93 Hugh Cheape c Speaking Gaelic: Cò tha di-beathte? 105 Nancy C. Dorian c Political Subtexts in the Poetry of Donnchadh Bàn Mac an t-Saoir 123 Anja Gunderloch c ‘rudan cudromach a ràdh / ann an cànan neo-chudromach’: sgrìobhadh sa 153 Ghàidhlig san latha an-diugh c Nathaniel Harrington A County History and Gaelic in Early Nova Scotia 165 Clive James c Cleachdadh Meatafoir ann an Tinneas is Slàinte 179 Ailean R.