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Treasure Island By Robert Louis Stevenson FCA STUDY GUIDE Answer Sheet for Final Exam Included 1 Instructions for Treasure Island The book, Treasure Island, was written by Robert Louis Stevenson. Your textbook is an abridged (condensed version). You will likely enjoy it’s adventurous story and many interest- ing characters. It contains some words not in use today in modern times and other words actually misused or mispronounced by some of the uneducated story characters. Generally, you can understand these words by their usage in the sentence, but we have included a glossary in this study guide, explaining the outdated words for your benefit. It is good to have some exposure to outdated words since you will likely come across them again, some many times in your life. This study guide contains important information about the book, Treasure Island, the final exam and the glossary. As you read the book, complete the final exam while the information is fresh in your mind. Please send in the final exam when you complete it so we can send you your next subject lesson. We hope you will enjoy this action story that is considered one of the all time great novels. Rev 03/11/04 2 First Coast Academy Exam A nswer Sheet Lesson Name Literature—Call of the Wild Book Name Call of the Wild Exam Number 1—Final Exam Note: Fill in the lesson information as noted by the up arrows - The above is a SAMPLE - It will vary. Write in the correct lesson information. Please Print—Fill in complete information Students Name ___________________________________ Student Number _________________ Address _______________________________________ City _____________________________ state _____________________ Zip ____________________ Phone ________________________ Check here if address above has changed Instructions On How To Complete An Answer Sheet This is a sample answer sheet. Be sure to fill out ALL information before submitting to FCA Write in your answer on the line pro- Generally, you won’t use all the answer vided. It will be A, B, C, OR D, as spaces provided. The number of questions shown below in our sample. on each exam varies. 1 __A___ 16 _____ 31 _____ 46 _____ 2 __B___ 17 _____ 32 _____ 47 _____ 3 __B___ 18 _____ 33 _____ 48 _____ 4 __A___ 19 _____ 34 _____ 49 _____ 5 __C___ 20 _____ 35 _____ 50 _____ 15 __D___ 21 _____ 36 _____ 51 _____ EXAMINATION CERTIFICATION By signing this form, I guarantee that I have completed the following exam without the help or assis- tance from anyone other than my First Coast Academy instructor. Be sure to sign and date your exam Signature _________________________________________________________ Date _______________________ 3 Focusing on Background The Life and Work of Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894) In referring to himself and his work, Robert Louis Stevenson declared, "Vital-that's what I am, at first: wholly vital, with a buoyancy of life. " These are powerful words, and slightly ironic, since Stevenson spent the better part of his life bat- tling poor health. But it is impossible to ignore the vitality of spirit in Treasure Island, developed and maintained through vivid description, continual suspense, exotic settings, and a cast of unforgettable characters. Commenting further on his work, Stevenson lauded the "epic value of [my] scenes, so that the figures remain in the mind's eye forever." One of his greatest talents as a writer is his ability to deftly describe and depict actions and charac- ters with trenchant clarity. Treasure Island, therefore, is a fine book to study to provide students with an appreciation for masterful descriptive skills. In addition, this novel possesses a romantic quality that can fire the students' imaginations. In the process, elements of literature such as setting, plot, characterization, point of view, and theme can be readily ana- lyzed and discussed as the students find themselves caught up in the vital power of this novel, Stevenson's best-loved tale of adventure. Stevenson was born on November 13, 1850, in Edinburgh, Scotland. An only child in frail health, Stevenson was adored by both his parents and his nurse "Gummy" (Alison Cunningham). Some critics feel that Cunningham was an undeniably strong influence on the young writer's life. Stevenson's nurse regaled him with a wealth of dramatic stories, instilling in the young boy an intense appreciation for narrative; years later he dedicated his famous work A Child's Garden of Verses to her. Stevenson's father and grandfather were famous engineers. They constructed lighthouses under perilous conditions both in Scotland and other parts of the world. It was assumed Robert Louis would enter into this profession. However, his poor health and Bohemian temperament determined that he would pursue other goals. First, Stevenson obtained his law degree from Edinburgh University; however, a series of violent disagreements with his father and associated problems with society's demands contributed to a severe breakdown in his health. Some months later, he was ordered by his doc- tor to the south of France to recuperate, characters of the book began to appear there visibly among imaginary woods, their brown faces and bright weapons peeping out upon me from unexpected quarters as they passed to and fro fighting and hunting treasure on those few square inches of a flat projection. The next thing I knew I had some paper before me and was writing out a list of characters. As Treasure Island evolved, Stevenson read installments aloud to his family, delighting both his stepson Lloyd and the elder Ste- venson, his father Thomas. When only half-completed, Treasure Island began to appear as a serial in the magazine Young Folks. Ironically enough, the novel initially was not terribly popular with younger readers. Yet even critic Frank Swinnerton, who has written a highly disparaging account of Stevenson's life work, Robert Louis Stevenson: A Critical Study, makes these elevating comments about the book "It is possible to read Treasure Island over and over again, because it is good fun.” By 1879, Stevenson had established a reputation for himself as a writer, mostly through essays devoted to a variety of literary subjects. But at this time he interrupted his budding career, against the advice and wishes of family and friends to journey to California to be with the woman he loved, Fanny Osbourne. The effort of traveling halfway around the world and struggling to support himself through writing almost killed Stevenson. He and Fanny were married, yet his doctor predicted Stevenson would live no more than a few months. In fact, he lived for fourteen more years, creating a comprehensive body of work that included novels, stories, personal essays, critical essays, plays, tales of enchantment, tales of adventure, treatises on politics, travel books, and poetry for young and old. Some of Stevenson's best-known works include the novels Kidnapped and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. The former resembles Treasure Island in that both are adventure novels narrated by adolescent protagonists. The latter, how- ever, possesses a thematic dimension not as thoroughly developed in the adventure works as the theme of good versus evil. Many of Stevenson's works reveal his concept of man's dual nature, but Jekyll and Hyde deals overtly with this issue. For example, as imaginative a story as Treasure Island might be, it cannot be read closely and fully appreciated without some attention paid to each character's concept of personal morality. 4 The "good" treasure-seekers and the "bad" pirates are all forced to live by individual codes of duty; how well they adhere to these codes determines their ultimate success or failure, as human beings. Stevenson began writing Treasure Island in 1882, on a wet and dreary day in Scotland, as an entertainment for his stepson Lloyd. The young boy had drawn a map of an island which Stevenson began embellishing, adding names while speaking of pirates and buried treasure. Here is how the author described the genesis of this novel: No child but must remember laying his head in the grass, staring into the infinitesimal forest and seeing it grow populous with fairy armies. Somewhat in this way, as I pored upon the map of Treasure Island, the future... Enough simple character to stand the treasure-seekers on their legs, and the book is a book in its own right. It does not need defense or analysis; it sustains its own note, and it is as natural and jolly an adventure story as one could wish. Stevenson himself wrote in A Child's Garden of Verses, "Children think very much the same thoughts and dream the same dreams as bearded men and marriageable women." Since its initial publication, Treasure Island has enjoyed tremendous popular- ity, not only because Stevenson has created a "jolly adventure story," but also because this novel reflects the natural and uni- versal tendency among young and old alike to imagine and dream and invent. Stevenson appeals strongly to our basic impulse toward transcendence of the ordinary. Ultimately, Stevenson journeyed to the tropics in search of health. He sailed among the Marquesas, the Paumotus, the Society Islands, and Hawaii: before establishing a residence in Samoa in 1890. Four years later, at the age of forty-four, Stevenson was struck down by a brain hemorrhage, at the height of his power as a writer. The Critical Response to the Novel In his collection, Essays in the Art of Writing, the romantic vein include James Fenimore Cooper, Stevenson revealed his strong feelings about the Victor Hugo, Charles Dickens, Herman Melville, purpose of fiction: to delight the reader. Addition- and Edgar Allan Poe. ally, he said that the most intense delight occurs Stevenson's approach to writing novels was when the reader is able to identify completely reasoned and based on theories he worked out carefully.