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The Analysis of Moral Ambiguity Seen Through THE ANALYSIS OF MORAL AMBIGUITY SEEN IN LONG JOHN SILVER’S CHARACTERIZATION IN ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON’S TREASURE ISLAND AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degee of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By RONNY SANTOSO Student Number: 044214076 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2011 THE ANALYSIS OF MORAL AMBIGUITY SEEN IN LONG JOHN SILVER’S CHARACTERIZATION IN ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON’S TREASURE ISLAND AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degee of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By RONNY SANTOSO Student Number: 044214076 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2011 i ii iii . IF YOU LISTEN TO YOUR FEARS, YOU WILL DIE NEVER KNOWING WHAT A GREAT PERSON YOU MIGHT HAVE BEEN. Robert H. Schuller iv For My Beloved Family v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIK Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma: Nama : RONNY SANTOSO Nomor Mahasiswa : 04 4214 076 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul: THE ANALYSIS OF MORAL AMBIGUITY SEEN IN LONG JOHN SILVER’S CHARACTERIZATION IN ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON’S TREASURE ISLAND Beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikannya di Internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin ataupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal: 22 Februari 2011 Yang menyatakan RONNY SANTOSO vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Praise to the Lord in Heaven whom with His blessings the writer can finish this thesis. The writer thanks Him for always being on his side through the fortunes and disaster times. First of all, the gratitude goes to his advisor, Elisa Dwi Wardani, S.S., M.Hum., who has spent her times and been patient in reading, re-reading and correcting this thesis. To Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M. Hum., his co-advisor, the writer thanks him for giving the suggestion on this thesis. In addition, the writer thanks all the lecturers in the English Letters Department who have shared their knowledge, for the Secretariat Staff for their best services. The writer would thank his parents and his brothers for supporting and praying for him. The writer would like to say thanks to Tikos, Galeh, Adit, Tony, Wawan, Gadol, Silas, Jonet, Kipli, Arek, Ikball and all my friends in English Letters 2004. The writer thanks them for always being with him. Last, the writer would like to thank everyone whose names can not be mentioned here who have helped the writer during his study in Sanata Dharma University and given also their contribution to this thesis. Ronny Santoso vii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………………...i APPROVAL PAGE ………………………………………………………………ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE …………………………………………………………..iii MOTTO PAGE …………………………………………………………………..iv DEDICATION PAGE …………………………………………………….............v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PUBLIKASI……………………………………….vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………………………………………..vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………………….viii ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………...x ABSTRAK ……………………………………………………………………….xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………1 A. Background of the Study …………………………………………………..1 B. Problem Formulation ………………………………………………………4 C. Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………………4 D. Definition of terms ………………………………………………………...5 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ……………………………….…..6 A. Review of Related Studies ………………………………………………...6 B. Review of Related Theories ……………………………………………….9 1. Review of Theories on Character ………………………………………9 a. Theory of Character According to Harvey ………………………..9 b. Theory of Character According to Abrams ……………………...10 2. Review of Theories on Characterization ……………………………...10 a. Theory of Characterization According to Laurence Perrine …….11 b. Theory of Characterization According to Murphy ………………12 3. Review of Theory on Moral …………………………………………..13 4. Review of Theory on Ambiguity ……………………………………..14 5. Review of Theory on Moral Ambiguity ………………………………14 C. Theoretical Framework …………………………………………………..15 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY …………………………………………..17 A. Object of the Study ……………………………………………………….17 B. Approach of the Study ……………………………………………………18 C. Method of the Study ……………………………………………………...19 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS …………………………………………………...21 A. The Characteristics of Long John Silver …………………………………21 B. Long John Silver’s Characteristic Revealed to be Ambiguous Through his Characterization ……………………………………………………………..37 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ……………………………………………….48 viii BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………………...51 APPENDIX 1 .......................................................................................................54 APPENDIX 2 .......................................................................................................55 APPENDIX 3 …………………………………………………………………...58 ix ABSTRACT RONNY SANTOSO. The Analysis of Moral Ambiguity Seen in Long John Silver’s Characterization in Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. Novel is one of many genres in literary work. Treasure Island is a novel that is written by Robert Louis Stevenson. Treasure Island is an adventure novel that narrates a tale of pirates and buried gold. This novel was published in 1883. In this study, the writer wants to analyze the moral ambiguity of the character named Long John Silver. This study has two objectives. First, the writer wants to find out the Long John Silver’s characteristics in the novel. Second, the writer wants to reveal the moral ambiguity seen in Long John Silver’s characterization. The method that is applied in this study is library research. The primary source is the novel itself entitled Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson. The secondary sources are from criticism, article and other related to the novel. In answering the problems, the writer applies some theories; those are theory of character, characterization, moral, ambiguity and moral ambiguity. The study applies moral-philosophical approach. In the analysis the writer finds that Long John Silver has several characteristics, which are dangerous, manipulative, treacherous, cruel and kind. Besides, the writer finds that Long John Silver deals with moral ambiguity. Long John Silver’s moral ambiguity can be seen through his action he does to the other characters in the novel. It is shown when he manipulates Jim Hawkins and his own men. At the time he manipulates Jim Hawkins, he does it to deceive Jim Hawkins. This action is as an act of evil. But when long John Silver uses his same skill as what he does to Jim Hawkins to save Jim Hawkins’s life from the threat of Long John Silver own men, it becomes a virtue. This is how Long John Silver’s moral ambiguity is revealed through his characterization. x ABSTRAK RONNY SANTOSO. The Analysis of Moral Ambiguity Seen in Long John Silver’s Characterization in Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Novel merupakan salah satu jenis dari karya sastra. Treasure Island adalah sebuah novel karya Rober Louis Stevenson. Treasure Island adalah sebuah novel petualangan yang menceritakan sebuah kisah bajak laut and harta karun. Novel ini pertama kali di publikasikan pada tahun 1883. Dalam studi ini, penulis ingin menganalisa tentang keambiguitasan moral pada tokoh yang bernama Long John Silver. Studi ini membahas dua permasalahan. Pertama, penulis ini memaparkan sifat-sifat Long John Silver dalam novel ini. Kedua, penulis ingin mengungkapkan keambiguitasan moral Long John Silver di tinjau dari penokohannya. Metode yang di pakai dalam studi ini adalah studi pustaka. Sumber utama dalam studi ini adalah novel itu sendiri yang berjudul Treasure Island karya Robert Louis Stevenson, dan data data pendukungnya dari kritik-kritik, artikel- artikel, dan sumber-sumber lain yang berkaitan dengan novel tersebut. Dalam menjawab masalah-masalah yang di ajukan, penulis menggunakan beberapa teori, yaitu teori karakter, penokohan, moral, keambiguitasan dan keambiguitasan moral. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan moral-filosofis. Dalam analisa penulis menemukan bahwa Long John Silver memiliki beberapa sifat, yaitu berbahaya, memanipulasi, pengkhianat, kejam dan baik. Selain itu, penulis juga menemukan bahwa Long John Silver memiliki keambiguitasan moral. Keambiguitasan moral Long John Silver dapat dilihat melalui tindakannya kepada tokoh-tokoh lain. Ini di tunjukkan ketika Long John Silver memanipulasi Jim Hawkins dan anak buahnya sendiri. Pada saat Long John Silver memanipulasi Jim Hawkins, dia melakukannya untuk menipu Jim Hawkins. Tindakan ini adalah sebagai tindakan jahat. Tapi ketika Long John Silver menggunakan keahlian yang sama seperti yang dia lakukan kepada Jim Hawkins untuk menyelamatkan Jim Hawkins dari ancaman anak buah Long John Silver, ini menjadi sebuah tindakan kebaikan. Inilah bagaimana keambiguitasan moral Long John Silver di tunjukan dari penokohanya. xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Life
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