DOCSLIB.ORG

Conversion from English to SI-Units

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conversion from English to SI-Units Conversion from English to SI-units English unit Symbol Definition Relation to SI-unit Acre ac 1 of square mile 1 ac 4050m2 640 Degree Fahrenheit 0F Water freezes at 32 0F and boils at 212 0F. 9 0 F 0 C 32 5 Foot ft 12 inches or 1 of yard 1 ft 0,31 m 3 Gallon gal Volume of 10 lb of water. 1 gal 4,55 l Horsepower hp Approximate power of a horse. 1 hp 746 W Inch in 1 of foot or 1 of yard 1 in 2,54 cm 12 36 Knot kn Speed of 1,151 miles per hour. 1 kn 1,85 kmh1 Mile mi 5280 feet or 1760 yards 1 mi 1609 m Ounce oz of pound 1 1 oz 28 g , (fluid ounce) fl oz 16 1 fl oz 28 ml Pint pt 1 of gallon 1 pt 0,57 l 8 Pound lb 16 ounces 1 lb 0,45 kg Pound per square inch psi 1 pound of force applied to 1 inch2 1 psi 6900 Pa Square foot sq ft Area of a square with sides of 1 foot. 1 sq ft 0,093 m2 Square inch sq in Area of a square with sides of 1 inch. 1 sq in 6,5 cm 2 Stone st 14 pounds 1 st 6,35 kg Yard yd 3 feet or 36 inches 1 yd 0,91 m http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_units 1. ACRE The acre(ac) is a unit of area and is derived from an Old English word for open field. During the Middle Ages, an acre was the amount of land that could be ploughed in one day with a yoke of oxen, which was _______________ (approximate) 4840 square yards. 2. DEGREE FAHRENHEIT Fahrenheit (°F) is a temperature scale based on proposal of German_______________ (physics) D. Fahrenheit (18th century). He developed his scale using 3 reference points - temperature of freezing salt water (brine – commonly used for preserving food, 0 0F), temperature of freezing still water (32 0F) and temperature of human body (96 0F).On this scale the boiling temperature of still water is 212 0F. This puts the boiling and freezing points of water_______________(exact) 180 degrees apart. 3. FOOT The foot (ft) is a unit of _______________ (long) dating back to ancient Egypt.It was introduced to Britain by the Romans. As the name implies it's a length of average human foot. Foot size is proportional to human _______________ (high), so different values of foot were used in different regions. British foot was established in the 13th century, probably by King Henry III. It was defined as the length of his foot (with a shoe). 4. GALLON The gallon (gal) is a measure of volume and was used in the Middle Ages for measuring the amount of wine and beer. British gallon (different than US gallon) is defined as the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 0F. 5. HORSEPOWER Horsepower (hp) is the unit for measuring power, the rate at which work is done. The term was adopted in the 18th century by Scottish engineer James Watt. In order to advertise the power of his steam engine for pumping water from mine shafts, he comparedit with the power of horses. His estimate of horse power was a bit high, because he disregarded the time – animals cannot work_______________(indefinite), but still, the unit took on. An average human can produce briefly 0,3hp for a period of several hours. 6. INCH Inch (in) is a unit of length dating back to the 7th century. At first it was defined as the length of 3 grains of barley (England) or as the _______________ (wide) of an average man's thumb (Scotland). One millennium later _______________ (mathematics) argued that these values cannot be fixed, so they introduced a more reliable definition: an inch is 1 of foot or 1 of yard. 12 36 7. KNOT The knot (kn) is a unit of speed used in meteorology, naval and air navigation. It was developed by English sailors – knowing your speed was crucial to determine your position and navigate through unknown seas. First a sailor would cast a wooden floater attached to a rope from the moving vessel into the water. The rope had knots placed at a fixed _______________ (distant). He then counted how many knots passed through his fingers in a period of 30 seconds. The time was measured by another sailor using sandglass. A modern definition of knot is the speed of one nautical mile per hour. 8. MILE A mile (mi) is a unit of length commonly used all around the world. It was introduced by the Romans. Their armies measured the travelling distance by paces (two steps), so a mile meant _______________ (literal) 1000 paces. A value of mile varies from country to country. Most often used today are land mile (1760 yards) and nautical mile (2025 yards). 9. OUNCE The ounce (oz) is a unit of mass and volume, dating to the Middle Ages. It has _______________ (probable) more definitions and variations than any other unit. The value of ounce depends on historical era, region and even profession (physics, pharmacy, engineering…). The most commonly used today is approximately 28 grams for mass or 28 ml for volume (fluid ounce). 10. PINT The pint (pt) is a unit of volume primarily used as a measure for olive oil, draught beer and cider. The imperial pint is slightly over ½ litre, but the value varies between countries from ¼ to over 1 litre. There were numerous incidents in Canadian pubs some years ago, when the government replaced the French pint (0,95l) by imperial pint (0,57 l). 11. POUND The pound (lb) is a unit of mass and _______________ (weigh) first used by the Romans, mainly for weighting precious metals. In medieval England one pound was the mass of 120 Arabic silver coins. Around 250 British silver pennies were minted from one pound of pure (sterling) silver. The British monetary pound (£) is _______________ (history) linked with the minting of these coins. 12. STONE The stone (st) is a unit of mass dating from ancient times, when stone weights were used for trading purposes. The Romans started using uniform stones to standardize the value of one stone. These prototypes were located in many important cities to unify trading between different provinces. Nowadays stone is used in Great Britain and Ireland _______________ (primary) for measuring human body weight. 13. YARD A yard (yd) is an old unit of length. The precise origin of the measure is not definitely known. Different theories suggest that yard represents either the length of one step or the girth of human waist. The British claim that this measure was invented by King Henry I (12th century) as being the distance between the tip of his nose and the end of his thumb. Convert Imperial units to metric TASK1 A WEATHER FORECAST London - Tuesday 2 July 2013 Today: Becoming cloudy with occasional light rain during the afternoon. Temperature: 64°F = 0C = K Wind: SSW at 12 mph = kmh-1 Humidity: 66 % Chance of rain: 70 % Pressure: 14,6 psi = mbar Past 24-hr Precipitation (sq yd): 1,2 in = cm Visibility: 9.5 mi = km Elevation: 79 ft = m http://www.weather.com TASK2 A RECIPE Easy chocolate cake Ingredients: 8 oz plain flour = g 0,5 pt milk = dl ¾ lb caster sugar = dag 4½ fl oz vegetable oil = ml 3 oz cocoa powder = g ¼ gal boiling water = l 1½ tsp baking powder 7 fl oz double cream = dl 2 free-range eggs ½ lb plain chocolate = g 0 0 Preparation method: Preheat the oven to 350 F = C… bbc.co.uk/food TASK3 NATIONAL SPEED LIMITS VEHICLE TYPE Built-up area Carriageway, Motorway non built-up area Cars and 30 mph = kmh-1 60 mph = kmh-1 70 mph = kmh-1 motorcycles Goods vehicles 30 mph = kmh-1 40 mph = kmh-1 60 mph = kmh-1 (over 7.5 t) Boats 4 kn = kmh-1 5 kn = kmh-1 / (river Thames) = ms-1 = ms-1 https://www.gov.uk/speed-limits TASK 4 PERSONAL INFORMATION Mark Simon Cavendish Nickname Manx Missile Born 21 May 1985 (age 28), Douglas, Isle of Man, UK Height 5 ft 9 in = cm Weight 10,7 st = kg -1 -1 Top speed ~ 49 mhp = kmh = ms http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Cavendish TASK 5 HORSEPOWER v FUEL CONSUMPTION Vehicle Horsepower Average fuel cons. (miles per gallon) Price Ford Fiesta Hatchback 110 hp = kW 34 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 8 999 BMW 528i 240 hp = kW 28 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 43 000 Harley Davidson MC SS 82 hp = kW 55 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 17 500 http://editorial.autos.msn.com/article.aspx?cp-documentid=434465 TASK 6 TYRE PRESSURE Vehicle Front tyres Rear tyres Car 34 psi = bar 31 psi = bar Mountain bicycles 55 psi = bar 65 psi = bar Street bicycles 90 psi = bar 100 psi = bar http://www.national.co.uk/information/tyre-pressure.aspx Why is recommended pressure higher in front tyres for cars and in rear tyres for bicycles? (weight distribution) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Why do mountain bicycles require less tyre pressure than street (race) bicycles do? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ TASK 7 REAL ESTATE ADVERTISEMENT 5 bedroom house for sale Folley Road, Hundon, Sudbury, Suffolk An exceptional timber and brick barn conversion with an impressive 5465 sq ft of accommodation set within 3.6 acres of woodland, formal garden and paddock with stunning views of the Suffolk countryside. Dimensions Living room: 15 sq yd = m2 Dining room: 4 yd X 2 yd 2 ft = m2 Kitchen: 90 sq ft 20 sq in = m2 Master bedroom: 13 ft 8 in X 14 ft = m2 Bedroom 2: 11 ft 11 in X 11 ft 4 in = m2 Residential area: 5465 sq ft = m2 Lot size: 3,65 ac = m2 = ar Age: 5 years Type of heat: central Air conditioning: central Asking price: £ 369.000 http://www.realestate.com/ .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 5 Military Rucking Rules Every Backpacker Should Know 1. One
    5 Military Rucking Rules Every Backpacker Should Know The military has spent years studying the best way to move under a load (aka “rucking”). Here are 5 military rucking rules that translate well to hikers. “Rucking” is the military term for hiking under load. As you can imagine, this is a huge issue for the military, as soldiers must wear body armor and carry weapons, ammo, water, communications equipment, and other gear as they conduct patrols and missions. Rucking performance and injury prevention are hugely important for military operations and personnel. Movement over ground under load is also a key for hiking and backpacking. In reviewing the research the military has already done on this subject, we discovered five rules. Read on to make sure you’re following these military rucking rules on your next backcountry adventure. 1. One pound on your feet equals five pounds on your back. This old backpacking thumb rule holds true, according to a 1984 study from the U.S. Army Research Institute. They tested how much more energy was expended with different footwear (boots and shoes) and concluded that it take 4.7 to 6.4 times as much energy to move at a given pace when weight is carried on the shoe versus on the torso. In practical terms, this means you could carry half a gallon more of water (a little over 4 pounds) if you buy boots that are a pound lighter, which isn’t hard to do; and that’s a lot of water. Now imagine the energy savings of backpacking in light trail running shoes rather than heavy, leather backpacking boots over the course of 7- day backpacking trip.
    [Show full text]
  • Stone Preservatives : Methods of Laboratory Testing and Preliminary
    °" <*« <">, \ tf'V, CO NBS TECHNICAL NOTE 941 \ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Bureau of Standards Stone Preservatives: Methods of Laboratory Testing and Preliminary Performance Criteria ,2 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS 1 The National Bureau of Standards was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to pro- mote public safety. The Bureau consists of the Institute for Basic Standards, the Institute for Materials Research, the Institute for Applied Technology, the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, the Office for Information Programs, and the Office of Experimental Technology Incentives Program. THE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS provides the central basis within the United States of a complete and consist- ent system of physical measurement; coordinates that system with measurement systems of other nations; and furnishes essen- tial services leading to accurate and uniform physical measurements throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce. The Institute consists of the Office of Measurement Services, and the following center and divisions: Applied Mathematics — Electricity — Mechanics
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 1: Length English Vs
    Lesson 1: Length English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 yard = 0.9444 meters English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 yard = 0.9444 meters Metric Units The basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and is represented by a lowercase m. Standard: The distance traveled by light in absolute vacuum in 1∕299,792,458 of a second. Metric Units 1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 meters 1 Meter = 100 Centimeters (cm) 1 Meter = 1000 Millimeters (mm) Which is larger? A. 1 meter or 105 centimeters C. 12 centimeters or 102 millimeters B. 4 kilometers or 4400 meters D. 1200 millimeters or 1 meter Measuring Length How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter? 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters What is the length of the line in centimeters? _______cm What is the length of the line in millimeters? _______mm What is the length of the line to the nearest centimeter? ________cm HINT: Round to the nearest centimeter – no decimals.
    [Show full text]
  • Portland Stone: a Nomination for “Global Heritage Stone Resource” from the United Kingdom
    221 by T. Hughes1 G.K. Lott2, M.J. Poultney3 and B.J. Cooper4 Portland Stone: A nomination for “Global Heritage Stone Resource” from the United Kingdom 1 Slate and Stone Consultants, Ceunant, Caenarfon, Gwynedd LL55 4SA, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 2 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Albion Stone plc, Robert Denholm House, Bletchingley Road, Nutfield, Surrey RH1 4HW, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Barbara Hardy Institute, School of Natural & Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Portland Stone, a well known ooidal limestone of Criteria for GHSR recognition Jurassic age from the United Kingdom is here nominated The defining characteristics of a GHSR are succinctly addressed as a suitable “Global Heritage Stone Resource”. in the HSTG “Terms of Reference” that have been approved, following Portland Stone is considered to ideally fit the newly wide consultation, by IUGS at its Executive Committee Meeting in proposed designation as it has been utilised since Roman San Sebastian, Spain in February 2012. times in England and since the Middle Ages in the An approved GHSR nominee must have a cultural history construction of major historic buildings including St encompassing a significant period. The HSTG Terms of Reference advise that this period must be at least 50 years. Also crucial is that a Pauls Cathedral, British Museum and Bank of England GHSR needs to have been utilised in significant works, be they in in London. It was also the preferred building stone of Sir buildings, sculpture or utilitarian applications.
    [Show full text]
  • Weights and Measures Standards of the United States: a Brief History
    1 .0 11 8 1.25 1.4 I 6_ DOCUMENT RESUME ED 142 418 SE 022 719 AUTHOE Judson, Lewis V. TITLE Weights and Measures Standards of the United States: A Brief History. Updated Edition. INSTITUTION National Bureau of Standards (DOC) ,Washington, D.C. REPORT NO NBS-SP-447 PUB DATE Mar 76 NOTE 42p.; Contains occasional small print; Photographs may not reproduce well AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock Number 003-0O3-01654-3, $1.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$2.06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Government Publications; History; *Mathematics Education; *Measurement; *Metric System; *Science History; *Standards ABSTRACT This document was published by the National Bureau of Standards to meet the current demand for information on the history of weights and measures in the United States. It includes an illustrated discussion of this history through 1962 followed by an addendum covering the period 1963-1975. Appendices provide a bibliography and photographic copies of eight documents important to the development of official standards of measurement. (SD) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * -to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.
    [Show full text]
  • Fuel Efficiency: Modes of Transportation Ranked by MPG | True Cost
    Fuel Efficiency: Modes of Transportation Ranked By MPG | True Cost -... http://truecostblog.com/2010/05/27/fuel-efficiency-modes-of-transportati... Fuel Efficiency: Modes of Transportation Ranked By MPG May 27, 2010 at 4:57 pm ∙ Filed under Energy, Environment, Ideas ∙Tagged bicycle mpg, fuel efficiency, running mpg, transportation, walking mpg Building on a previous post on the energy efficiency of various foods, I decided to create a list of transportation modes by fuel efficiency. In order to compare vehicles with different passenger capacities and average utilization, I included both average efficiency and maximum efficiency, at average and maximum passenger loads. The calculations and source data are explained in detail in the footnotes. For human‐powered activities, the mpg ratings might appear high, but many calculations omit the fact that a human’s baseline calorie consumption must be subtracted to find the efficiency of human‐powered transportation. I have subtracted out baseline metabolism, showing the true efficiencies for walking, running, and biking. For vehicles like trucks and large ships which primarily carry cargo, I count 4000 pounds of cargo as equivalent to one person. This is roughly the weight of an average American automobile (cars, minivans, SUVs, and trucks). The pmpg ratings of cars, trucks, and motorcycles are also higher than traditional mpg estimates, since pmpg accounts for the average number of occupants in a vehicle, which according to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics is 1.58 for cars, 1.73 for SUVs, minivans, and trucks, and 1.27 for motorcycles. List of Transportation Modes By Person‐Miles Per Gallon (PMPG) Transport Average PMPG Max PMPG Bicycle [3] 984 984 Walking [1] 700 700 Freight Ship [10] 340 570 Running [2] 315 315 Freight Train [7] 190.5 190.5 Plugin Hybrid [5] 110.6 350 Motorcycle [4] 71.8 113 Passenger Train [7] 71.6 189.7 Airplane [9] 42.6 53.6 Bus [8] 38.3 330 Car [4] 35.7 113 18‐Wheeler (Truck) [5] 32.2 64.4 Light Truck, SUV, Minivan [4] 31.4 91 [0] I used these conversion factors for all calculations.
    [Show full text]
  • Stone County Zoning Regulations – Table of Contents
    Stone County Zoning Regulations Amendments current through June 10 2014 Stone County Zoning Regulations – Table of Contents Article 1, Title, Intent, Definitions Section 1 Title …………………………………………………....... Article 1, Page 1 Section 2 Purpose and Legislative Intent ………………………….. Article 1, Page 1 Section 3 Definitions, Interpretations, Standards …………….......... Article 1, Page 1 Section 4 Uniformity within Zoning Districts…………………….... Article 1, Page 2 Section 5 Definitions……………………………………………...... Article 1, Page 2 Article 2, Districts and Boundaries Thereof Section 1 District Divisions ………………………………………... Article 2, Page 1 Section 2 Boundaries Established By Zoning Map………………… Article 2, Page 1 Section 3 District Boundaries Intended to Follow Property Line….. Article 2, Page 1 Section 4 District Boundary Line and Other District Requirements.. Article 2, Page 2 Section 5 District Boundary Line Questions Determined by Board of Adjustment…………………..... Article 2, Page 2 Section 6 Vacation of Public Way Expands Adjacent Districts…..... Article 2, Page 2 Section 7 Disincorporation of Territory Reverts to A-1 District ….. Article 2, Page 2 Section 8 F-1 Flood Plain Overlay District ………………………... Article 2, Page 2 Article 3, General Provisions Section 1 Conformance Required………………………………...... Article 3, Page 1 Section 2 Continued Existing Uses……………………………….... Article 3, Page 1 Section 3 Agriculture……………………………………………..... Article 3, Page 1 Section 4 Public Utilities………………………………………....… Article 3, Page 1 Section 5 Outdoor Advertising……………………………………... Article 3, Page 1 Section 6 Flood Plain Overlay District…………………………….. Article 3, Page 1 Section 7 Retail Establishment and Places of Entertainment………. Article 3, Page 2 Section 8 Nonconforming Use or Buildings……………………….. Article 3, Page 2 Section 9 Conversion of Dwellings……………………………….... Article 3, Page 3 Section 10 Accessory Buildings in All Districts…………………..
    [Show full text]
  • Yd.) 36 Inches = 1 Yard (Yd.) 5,280 Feet = 1 Mile (Mi.) 1,760 Yards = 1 Mile (Mi.)
    Units of length 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd.) 36 inches = 1 yard (yd.) 5,280 feet = 1 mile (mi.) 1,760 yards = 1 mile (mi.) ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com Units of length 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd.) 36 inches = 1 yard (yd.) 5,280 feet = 1 mile (mi.) 1,760 yards = 1 mile (mi.) ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com Units of length 12 inches (in.) = 1 foot (ft.) 3 feet = 1 yard (yd.) 36 inches = 1 yard (yd.) 5,280 feet = 1 mile (mi.) 1,760 yards = 1 mile (mi.) ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 1. Find the greatest length. 2. Find the greatest length. 9 in. or 1 ft. 3 ft. or 39 in. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 3. Find the greatest length. 4. Find the greatest length. 1 ft. 7 in. or 18 in. 4 ft. 4 in. or 55 in. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 5. Find the greatest length. 6. Find the greatest length. 1 ft. 9 in. or 2 ft. 7 ft. or 2 yd. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 7. Find the greatest length. 8. Find the greatest length. 26 in. or 2 ft. 6 yd. or 17 ft. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 9. Find the greatest length. 10. Find the greatest length. 5 ft. or 1 ½ yd. 112 in. or 3 yd. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 11. Find the greatest length. 12. Find the greatest length. 99 in. or 3 yd. 11,000 ft. or 2 mi. ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com ©www.thecurriculumcorner.com 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamentals of Math CHAPTER 1
    © Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Fundamentals of Math CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVES ■ Understand the difference between the Arabic and Roman numeral systems ■ Translate Arabic numerals to Roman numerals ■ Translate Roman numerals to Arabic numerals ■ Understand the metric system ■ Understand the apothecary system ■ Be able to convert metric to apothecary ■ Be able to convert apothecary to metric ARABIC NUMERALS The Arabic number system uses the numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and zero (0). It is also known as the decimal system. Depending on how these numbers are arranged determines the value of the number. For example, digits 4, 7, and 2 placed together (472) represent the number four hundred seventy-two. A decimal point (.) separates whole numbers, or units, from fractional num- bers, or fractional units. All numbers on the left side of the decimal point are considered whole numbers. All numbers placed on the right of the decimal point are considered fractional units, or less than one whole unit. The following num- ber line shows the relationship of Arabic numerals based on their position in a number. Ten-thousands hundreds ones tenths thousandths hundred-thousandths -----5------8------2-----4-----3---- . ----6------7------9------3------2-------------- thousands tens hundredths ten-thousandths The number 43.6 contains the numerals 4, 3, and 6. This represents forty-three units of one and six-tenths of one unit. Decimals will be covered in more detail in Chapter 2. 1 59612_CH01_FINAL.indd 1 8/20/09 7:38:45 PM © Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 2 Chapter 1 ■ Fundamentals of Math ROMAN NUMERALS The Roman numeral system does not utilize numerals.
    [Show full text]
  • Useful Forestry Measurements Acre: a Unit of Area Equaling 43,560
    Useful Forestry Measurements Acre: A unit of area equaling 43,560 square feet or 10 square chains. Basal Area: The area, usually in square feet, of the cross-section of a tree stem near its base, generally at breast height and inclusive of bark. The basal area per acre measurement gives you some idea of crowding of trees in a stand. Board Foot: A unit of area for measuring lumber equaling 12 inches by 12 inches by 1 inch. Chain: A unit of length. A surveyor’s chain equals 66 feet or 1/80-mile. Cord: A pile of stacked wood measuring 4 feet by 4 feet by 8 feet when originally conceived. Cubic Foot: A unit of volume measure, wood equivalent to a solid cube that measures 12 inches by 12 inches by 12 inches or 1,728 cubic inches. Cunit: A volume of wood measuring 3 feet and 1-1/2 inches by 4 feet by 8 feet and containing 100 solid cubic feet of wood. D.B.H. (diameter breast height): The measurement of a tree’s diameter at 4-1/2 feet above the ground line. M.B.F. (thousand board feet): A unit of measure containing 1,000 board feet. Section: A unit of area containing 640 acres or one square mile. Square Foot: A unit of area equaling 144 square inches. Township: A unit of land area covering 23,040 acres or 36 sections. Equations Cords per acre (based on 10 Basal Area Factor (BAF) angle gauge) (# of 8 ft sticks + # of trees)/(2 x # plots) Based on 10 Basal Area Factor Angle Gauge Example: (217+30)/(2 x 5) = 24.7 cords/acre BF per acre ((# of 8 ft logs + # of trees)/(2 x # plots)) x 500 Bd ft Example: (((150x2)+30)/(2x5))x500 = 9000 BF/acre or
    [Show full text]
  • Student Academic Learning Services Pounds Mass and Pounds Force
    Student Academic Learning Services Page 1 of 3 Pounds Mass and Pounds Force One of the greatest sources of confusion in the Imperial (or U.S. Customary) system of measurement is that both mass and force are measured using the same unit, the pound. The differentiate between the two, we call one type of pound the pound-mass (lbm) and the other the pound-force (lbf). Distinguishing between the two, and knowing how to use them in calculations is very important in using and understanding the Imperial system. Definition of Mass The concept of mass is a little difficult to pin down, but basically you can think of the mass of an object as the amount of matter contain within it. In the S.I., mass is measured in kilograms. The kilogram is a fundamental unit of measure that does not come from any other unit of measure.1 Definition of the Pound-mass The pound mass (abbreviated as lbm or just lb) is also a fundamental unit within the Imperial system. It is equal to exactly 0.45359237 kilograms by definition. 1 lbm 0.45359237 kg Definition of Force≡ Force is an action exerted upon an object that causes it to accelerate. In the S.I., force is measured using Newtons. A Newton is defined as the force required to accelerate a 1 kg object at a rate of 1 m/s2. 1 N 1 kg m/s2 Definition of ≡the Pound∙ -force The pound-force (lbf) is defined a bit differently than the Newton. One pound-force is defined as the force required to accelerate an object with a mass of 1 pound-mass at a rate of 32.174 ft/s2.
    [Show full text]
  • U5 Determining Density
    Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Density • Density is a measure of the amount of matter per unit of volume Determining Density High Density Low Density – Objects more dense than water sink – Objects less dense than water float Matter: Mass vs. Weight Matter: Mass vs. Weight Mass and Weight are often confused • Mass is the amount of matter in an object or the • An example using SI units quantity of the inertia of the object – A man has a mass of 100 kg • Weight is the force of gravity on mass W = mg W = mg 2 W = (100 kg)(9.8 m/sec ) W = weight = 980 Newton m = mass g = acceleration of gravity – He weighs 980 N • Many materials are purchased by weight Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010 1 Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Matter: Mass vs. Weight Mass vs. Weight Mass and Weight are often confused • Pound-mass (lbm) is a unit of mass • US Customary units example . 1 lbm = 0.45359237 kg (by definition) – A woman weighs 100 pounds . 1 kg = 2.205 lbm (formula sheet) . 1 slug = 32.2 lbm (formula sheet) W = mg W Formula Sheet m = g 100 lb = = 3.1 slugs ft 32.2 s2 – Her mass is 3.1 slugs Mass vs. Weight Mass vs. Weight • Pound-force (lb) is a unit of force • How are pound-mass and pound-force . The gravitational force exerted on a mass of related? 2 one lbm on the surface of the Earth – On Earth (g = 32.174 ft/s ) .
    [Show full text]