Conversion from English to SI-units English unit Symbol Definition Relation to SI-unit Acre ac 1 of square mile 1 ac 4050m2 640 Degree Fahrenheit 0F Water freezes at 32 0F and boils at 212 0F. 9 0 F 0 C 32 5 Foot ft 12 inches or 1 of yard 1 ft 0,31 m 3 Gallon gal Volume of 10 lb of water. 1 gal 4,55 l Horsepower hp Approximate power of a horse. 1 hp 746 W Inch in 1 of foot or 1 of yard 1 in 2,54 cm 12 36 Knot kn Speed of 1,151 miles per hour. 1 kn 1,85 kmh1 Mile mi 5280 feet or 1760 yards 1 mi 1609 m Ounce oz of pound 1 1 oz 28 g , (fluid ounce) fl oz 16 1 fl oz 28 ml Pint pt 1 of gallon 1 pt 0,57 l 8 Pound lb 16 ounces 1 lb 0,45 kg Pound per square inch psi 1 pound of force applied to 1 inch2 1 psi 6900 Pa Square foot sq ft Area of a square with sides of 1 foot. 1 sq ft 0,093 m2 Square inch sq in Area of a square with sides of 1 inch. 1 sq in 6,5 cm 2 Stone st 14 pounds 1 st 6,35 kg Yard yd 3 feet or 36 inches 1 yd 0,91 m http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_units 1. ACRE The acre(ac) is a unit of area and is derived from an Old English word for open field. During the Middle Ages, an acre was the amount of land that could be ploughed in one day with a yoke of oxen, which was _______________ (approximate) 4840 square yards. 2. DEGREE FAHRENHEIT Fahrenheit (°F) is a temperature scale based on proposal of German_______________ (physics) D. Fahrenheit (18th century). He developed his scale using 3 reference points - temperature of freezing salt water (brine – commonly used for preserving food, 0 0F), temperature of freezing still water (32 0F) and temperature of human body (96 0F).On this scale the boiling temperature of still water is 212 0F. This puts the boiling and freezing points of water_______________(exact) 180 degrees apart. 3. FOOT The foot (ft) is a unit of _______________ (long) dating back to ancient Egypt.It was introduced to Britain by the Romans. As the name implies it's a length of average human foot. Foot size is proportional to human _______________ (high), so different values of foot were used in different regions. British foot was established in the 13th century, probably by King Henry III. It was defined as the length of his foot (with a shoe). 4. GALLON The gallon (gal) is a measure of volume and was used in the Middle Ages for measuring the amount of wine and beer. British gallon (different than US gallon) is defined as the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 0F. 5. HORSEPOWER Horsepower (hp) is the unit for measuring power, the rate at which work is done. The term was adopted in the 18th century by Scottish engineer James Watt. In order to advertise the power of his steam engine for pumping water from mine shafts, he comparedit with the power of horses. His estimate of horse power was a bit high, because he disregarded the time – animals cannot work_______________(indefinite), but still, the unit took on. An average human can produce briefly 0,3hp for a period of several hours. 6. INCH Inch (in) is a unit of length dating back to the 7th century. At first it was defined as the length of 3 grains of barley (England) or as the _______________ (wide) of an average man's thumb (Scotland). One millennium later _______________ (mathematics) argued that these values cannot be fixed, so they introduced a more reliable definition: an inch is 1 of foot or 1 of yard. 12 36 7. KNOT The knot (kn) is a unit of speed used in meteorology, naval and air navigation. It was developed by English sailors – knowing your speed was crucial to determine your position and navigate through unknown seas. First a sailor would cast a wooden floater attached to a rope from the moving vessel into the water. The rope had knots placed at a fixed _______________ (distant). He then counted how many knots passed through his fingers in a period of 30 seconds. The time was measured by another sailor using sandglass. A modern definition of knot is the speed of one nautical mile per hour. 8. MILE A mile (mi) is a unit of length commonly used all around the world. It was introduced by the Romans. Their armies measured the travelling distance by paces (two steps), so a mile meant _______________ (literal) 1000 paces. A value of mile varies from country to country. Most often used today are land mile (1760 yards) and nautical mile (2025 yards). 9. OUNCE The ounce (oz) is a unit of mass and volume, dating to the Middle Ages. It has _______________ (probable) more definitions and variations than any other unit. The value of ounce depends on historical era, region and even profession (physics, pharmacy, engineering…). The most commonly used today is approximately 28 grams for mass or 28 ml for volume (fluid ounce). 10. PINT The pint (pt) is a unit of volume primarily used as a measure for olive oil, draught beer and cider. The imperial pint is slightly over ½ litre, but the value varies between countries from ¼ to over 1 litre. There were numerous incidents in Canadian pubs some years ago, when the government replaced the French pint (0,95l) by imperial pint (0,57 l). 11. POUND The pound (lb) is a unit of mass and _______________ (weigh) first used by the Romans, mainly for weighting precious metals. In medieval England one pound was the mass of 120 Arabic silver coins. Around 250 British silver pennies were minted from one pound of pure (sterling) silver. The British monetary pound (£) is _______________ (history) linked with the minting of these coins. 12. STONE The stone (st) is a unit of mass dating from ancient times, when stone weights were used for trading purposes. The Romans started using uniform stones to standardize the value of one stone. These prototypes were located in many important cities to unify trading between different provinces. Nowadays stone is used in Great Britain and Ireland _______________ (primary) for measuring human body weight. 13. YARD A yard (yd) is an old unit of length. The precise origin of the measure is not definitely known. Different theories suggest that yard represents either the length of one step or the girth of human waist. The British claim that this measure was invented by King Henry I (12th century) as being the distance between the tip of his nose and the end of his thumb. Convert Imperial units to metric TASK1 A WEATHER FORECAST London - Tuesday 2 July 2013 Today: Becoming cloudy with occasional light rain during the afternoon. Temperature: 64°F = 0C = K Wind: SSW at 12 mph = kmh-1 Humidity: 66 % Chance of rain: 70 % Pressure: 14,6 psi = mbar Past 24-hr Precipitation (sq yd): 1,2 in = cm Visibility: 9.5 mi = km Elevation: 79 ft = m http://www.weather.com TASK2 A RECIPE Easy chocolate cake Ingredients: 8 oz plain flour = g 0,5 pt milk = dl ¾ lb caster sugar = dag 4½ fl oz vegetable oil = ml 3 oz cocoa powder = g ¼ gal boiling water = l 1½ tsp baking powder 7 fl oz double cream = dl 2 free-range eggs ½ lb plain chocolate = g 0 0 Preparation method: Preheat the oven to 350 F = C… bbc.co.uk/food TASK3 NATIONAL SPEED LIMITS VEHICLE TYPE Built-up area Carriageway, Motorway non built-up area Cars and 30 mph = kmh-1 60 mph = kmh-1 70 mph = kmh-1 motorcycles Goods vehicles 30 mph = kmh-1 40 mph = kmh-1 60 mph = kmh-1 (over 7.5 t) Boats 4 kn = kmh-1 5 kn = kmh-1 / (river Thames) = ms-1 = ms-1 https://www.gov.uk/speed-limits TASK 4 PERSONAL INFORMATION Mark Simon Cavendish Nickname Manx Missile Born 21 May 1985 (age 28), Douglas, Isle of Man, UK Height 5 ft 9 in = cm Weight 10,7 st = kg -1 -1 Top speed ~ 49 mhp = kmh = ms http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Cavendish TASK 5 HORSEPOWER v FUEL CONSUMPTION Vehicle Horsepower Average fuel cons. (miles per gallon) Price Ford Fiesta Hatchback 110 hp = kW 34 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 8 999 BMW 528i 240 hp = kW 28 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 43 000 Harley Davidson MC SS 82 hp = kW 55 mpg = km∙l-1 £ 17 500 http://editorial.autos.msn.com/article.aspx?cp-documentid=434465 TASK 6 TYRE PRESSURE Vehicle Front tyres Rear tyres Car 34 psi = bar 31 psi = bar Mountain bicycles 55 psi = bar 65 psi = bar Street bicycles 90 psi = bar 100 psi = bar http://www.national.co.uk/information/tyre-pressure.aspx Why is recommended pressure higher in front tyres for cars and in rear tyres for bicycles? (weight distribution) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Why do mountain bicycles require less tyre pressure than street (race) bicycles do? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ TASK 7 REAL ESTATE ADVERTISEMENT 5 bedroom house for sale Folley Road, Hundon, Sudbury, Suffolk An exceptional timber and brick barn conversion with an impressive 5465 sq ft of accommodation set within 3.6 acres of woodland, formal garden and paddock with stunning views of the Suffolk countryside. Dimensions Living room: 15 sq yd = m2 Dining room: 4 yd X 2 yd 2 ft = m2 Kitchen: 90 sq ft 20 sq in = m2 Master bedroom: 13 ft 8 in X 14 ft = m2 Bedroom 2: 11 ft 11 in X 11 ft 4 in = m2 Residential area: 5465 sq ft = m2 Lot size: 3,65 ac = m2 = ar Age: 5 years Type of heat: central Air conditioning: central Asking price: £ 369.000 http://www.realestate.com/ .