First Finding of Species Alburnus Arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) Syn

Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 6(2) 79-92 2020

First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus alborella (De Filippi, 1844)(Actinoptery GII: Cyprinidae, Alburninae) in Buško Lake

Ţujo Zekić D.1*; Riđanović S.1; Spasojević P.1

Received: May 2019 Accepted: December2019

Abstract In this paper we present data about first findings of species Alburnus arborella(Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus alborella (De Filippi, 1844) (Actinoptery GII: Cyprinidae, Alburninae) in Buško Lake (Municipality Livno).In this report twenty – four specimens were cought during research period in two seasons in 2018. More specifically, trips to the catchment areas were made in spring-summer season from 12.06.2018 to 18.07.2018. and 22.11.2018.Determination of individuals was made on the basis of analysis of individual morphometric and meristic characterswith the exact length and weight of the individuals.This is the first finding of this species probably brought and introduced by fishermen.The findings of this species in Bosnia and Herzegovina have so far been confirmed in the Neretva watercourse and in the Ričica river in the Republic of Croatia.

Keywords:Alburnus arborella, First finding, Busko lakeBosnia and Herzegovina, Meristic characters

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1-Department of Biology,Faculty of Education, University of Dţemal Bijedićin Mostar, Sjeverni logor b.b., 88.104 Mostar, Bosna i Hercegovina *Corresponding author's Email: [email protected]

80 Ţujo Zekić et al., First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus…

Introduction 1968,1977; Aganovic et al. 1974; In the earliest period of exploration of Vukovic and Kosoric, 1970, 1978).The the ichthyofauna of Bosnia and continuation of cited papers is related to Herzegovina, the first large-scale works the period after formation of the Buško were the records of Austro-Hungarian Lake accumulation and the somewhat researchers, among them the modified ecological conditions of "Süβwasserfische der Ősterr. habitats in the investigated area Monarchie“ von Jakob Heckel und (Mučibabić, 1973; Habeković et al., Kner (1858). Mentioned authors (1858) 1987; Cvijović and Kosorić 1985; etc.). provide an incomplete, but first, Kosorić et al. (1991) present the real description of a large number of species possibilities of using water reservoirs in from the Cyprinidae family in Lake Bosnia and Herzegovina for production Busko and the rivers of the Livno, of fish, with the research in support of Duvno and Sinj regions.The river basin the familiarisation with endemic district of Bosnia and Herzegovina is ichthyofauna in the Busko Lake area. divided not only in hydrographic but The last twenty years were marked by also in climatic terms into two "water the individual papers by authors basins", the Black Sea and the Adriatic Guzina, 2000; Dumanić, 2004; Bogut et basin.This fact points to the occurrence al. 2007; Ţujo Zekić, 2009;Škrijelj et of endemic forms in freshwater al. 2015 and others. ecosystems, and to the need for a more The objective of the paper is based on detailed analysis and determination of the fact that 38 species of the Alburnus the actual state of biodiversity of the genus have been recorded in Europe living communities of the study and Western Asia (Bogutskaya et al., area.This section lists and references 2000; Kottelat and Freyhof, numerous papers by researchers from 2007; zulug and Freyhof, our country and the surrounding area, 2007).Systematic surveys of species of as well as eminent, world-renowned the Alburnus genus in the river basin names in the field of ichthyology, district of Bosnia and Herzegovina and which represent a valuable contribution the region are related to the species to ichthyofauna studies of biodiversity description, Alburnus alburnus in Bosnia and Herzegovina.The (Linnaeus, 1758) - zela, with chronologically distinguished works are distribution throughout the waters of those whose objectives are narrowly set Europe as it occurs in the waters of Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] with the task of determining the level of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the waters diversity of the ichthyofauna of the of the Black Sea basin (Drina, Bosnia southwestern Bosnian karst area, which and the tributaries of the Sava) and also includes the area of BuškoLake Alburnus albidus (Costa, 1838) – (Karaman, 1923; Protić, 1926/1927; ukljeva, uklija, which is widespread in Taler,1951, 1954;Vuković, 1963, 1966, the watercourses of Italy and some

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tributaries of the Adriatic (Soča, where these two species live Neretva, Bijeli Drim, Bojana) and in together.Therefore, our current research Skadar Lake (Montenegro) in Skadar provides the first finding and Lake, is a special endemic species of confirmation of the introduction of this Skadar's Alburnusscoranza Bonaparte, species into Lake Buško 1845 and Ohrid Lake ) in Ohrid is (Hercegbosanska County, Municipality endemic to Tomislavgrad-Municipality Livno). In Albrunoidesohridanus(Karaman 1928). addition to the distribution of this In Bosnia and Herzegovina inhabits the species, authors from the region have middle and lower reaches of the dealt with the issue of a valid name, Neretva River and its tributaries namely whether it is the correct name (Sofradţija, 2009). According to of the species A. arborella (Bonaparte, Mrakovčić et al. (2006) provide only 1841) or A. alborella (De Fillipi, data for the coastal gobbler A. albidus 1844).Even the same authors find data (Costa, 1838) inhabiting the Adriatic in the Italian literature that keep the two rivers of northern and southern Italy, names of the species synonymous, with Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina the authors giving their critical review (Mirna River, Butoniga Lake, and Krka, of this issue (Kottelat and Bianco, Zrmanja, Neretva and Baćinska 2005).Buj et al. (2010) point out the Lakes).Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) fact that, despite the wide range of provide details and a description of the species of the Alburnus genus in the Alburnus arborella species, for which waters of the Adriatic basin, their they confirm distribution status, taxonomy, systematics and current according to which this species inhabits distribution are not well known and are the Adriatic catchment area from the not completely clear and conclusive. Soča to the Ancona province (Slovenia, Genetic analyzes confirm the status of Switzerland and Italy), and the lower the population in the Neretva River Zrmanja and Neretva rivers in Croatia basin as a separate species with a p- and Bosnia and Herzegovina.It was spacing of 1.8-2.2% relative to the introduced to the Ričica River in the newly described A. arborella species Republic of Croatia to their knowledge. from the Zrmanja River.From the In nature, hybridization between the known fact that a total of four species genera Alburnus spp. and Squalius spp. from the genus Alburnus (A. albidus; A. (Alburnus spp. XSqualius spp.), and the arborella Bonaparte, 1841; A. belvica Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] resulting hybrid individuals are Karaman, 1924; A. scoranza Bonaparte, generally fertile. Kottelat and Freyhof 1845) are recorded with habitat in the (2007) report a very common waters of the Adriatic catchment area hybridization of A. alborella with the (Italy, Switzerland, Slovenia, Croatia, species Squalius squalus (formerly Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Leuciscus chepalus albus) in the rivers Macedonia, Albania and Greece)

82 Ţujo Zekić et al., First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus…

(Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007) outlines habitat and adaptation.In this case, it is the aim of this scientific paper. a new finding of the species A. The fact that is pointing out contributes arborella in Buško to the goal of the work done by Lake(Hercegbosanska County, Ketmaier et al. (2009)who, when Municipality of Livno and studying Italian ichthyofauna, also refer Tomislavgrad, BIH). to the species A. arborella (Bonaparte) as representative of the genus Materials and methods Alburnus,for which they point out that The fieldwork of the study was done the taxonomy of this species has been a for two seasons during 2018. The controversy since the end of the 19th period of ichthyological research century because Alburnus arborella covered the spring - summer, 2018, and was alternatively considered a fall 2018 seasons. subspeciesA. albidus or The reasons for the longer stay and EuropeanfishesA. alburnus (L.). Only more exhaustive field work at the four recently the name of A. arborella has designated catchment sitesis caused by been formally confirmed (Kottelat and the fact that the surface of the water Bianco, 2005). The species was basin is large (the third largest of its originally endemic to the Padano- kind in Europe).During the indicated Venetian district, but was largely period, the catch sites were processed transferred to the Tuscano-Latium 5-6 times during June and July 2018 district, following the rule that central and October and November Italian rivers are habitat for fish of 2018.Representative samples of northern Italian origin (Bianco, ichthyofauna from aquatic reservoir 1995b).Considering all the above facts, Buško jezerowere fished at four it is very important to determine the locations: L/ 1 - Prisoje - Old bridge; L/ exact distributive status of the species 2 - Golinjevo; L/ 3 - Podgradina - A. arborella in the Adriatic catchment Channel; L/ 4 Mukišnica (Figs. 1 to area through Bosnia and Herzegovina 3and Table 1.). with potentially marked starting points Analyzed representative samples of the as well as precisely located locations of fish population needed to do this its transfer of habitat and studywere obtained by standard adaptation.Considering all the above methods of fishing.For this purpose, facts, it is very important to determine two types of nets were used: filler nets, Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] the exact distributive status of the (10mm, 16mm, 28mm, 32mm and species A. arborella in the Adriatic 50mm) and barracuda nets, (70mm, catchment area through Bosnia and 80mm, 90mm, 100mm and 120mm) Herzegovina with potentially marked and an electric generator.During the starting points as well as precisely fishing, attempts were made to avoid located locations of its transfer of the selectivity of ichthyomaterials,

Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 6(2) 2020 83

thanks to the available and diverse of different types and diameters were fishing gear.A total of 200-250m nets set up at each catch site (Table 2) .

Table 1: General notes on sampling sites at the Busko lake hydroaccummulation area. Site Altitude Length of Average Number Site name Coordinates label (m) nets (m) depth (m) Prisoje – Old N 43˚41'117’' 1. L/1 bridge 702-712 200 -250 1,50 EO 17˚04'896″ (Tomislavgrad) N 43˚41'520″ 2. Golinjevo (Livno) 702-712 200 -250 2,50 L/2 EO 17˚01'961″ Podgradina- N 43˚42'414″ 3. 702-712 200-250 3,50 L/3 Channel(Livno) EO 16˚50'085″ Grabovica- N 43˚38'364″ 4. Mukišnica 702-712 200-250 2,50 L/4 EO 17˚04'616″ (Tomislavgrad)

Table 2:Descriptive analysis of individual morphometric parameters in caught species. Average Average Max. Min. Min. Max. Species lenght lenght lenght lenght Weight weight (cm) (gr) (cm) (cm) (gr) (gr) Silurus glanis 55,9 1727,72 89 27 160 4950 Carassius gibelio 22,784 886,701 39 10 40 4655 Cyprinus carpio 32,134 1309,718 65 9 10 4000 Tinca tinca 15,083 169,166 20 10 14 440 Lepomis gibossus 8,98 16,428 16 5 3 97 Sander lucioperca 29,052 582,035 50 12 50 1615 Alburnus arborella 13,791 73,25 18 11 18 145 Scardinius 20,631 463,421 27 12 18 815 erythrophthalmus Chondrostoma phoxinus 13 22 15 15 14 30 Salmo trutta 47 1625 50 44 1100 2000 Squalius tenellus n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

The biosystematic determination of the Resutls and discussion fish caught was done according to the Ichthyofauna exploration of Buško keys Vuković and Ivanović, 1971; Lake has been carried out continuously Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007.In the since the very beginning of the implementation of descriptive statistics announcement of the construction of software program "SPSS for Windows artificial hydro-accumulation in the area Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] 15.0", was used and it represened basis of the former wetland bar ecosystem for the application of classical, Busko Blato.The year of more especially actualized methods in the comprehensive research was 1973 processing of ichthyological data (Fig. when, in the initial, elementary research 1). assignment “Limnological studies of Buško blato reservoir,”

84 Ţujo Zekić et al., First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus…

Mučibabić,(1973) encompassing Livno and Duvanjsko field, give results broader aspects of biological research of the fauna status of fish in natural in the area of the waterways of the habitat conditions.

Figure 1: Cartographic presentation of the geographical position of research sites at the Buško Lake Figures 2 i 3. 2. Site L/3 Podgradina-Channel-Livno; 3. Site L/4 Mukišnica- Grabovica (Tomislavgrad); (Boškailo, 2018)

More recently, research assignments ichthyopopulations based on the with the same issue have been material recovered. The data obtained highlighted in the work of the author on the presence of other fish species Ţujo Zekić (2004; 2009) with relevant and heterogeneity of ichthyofauna in results on the biodiversity of fishes of the Lake Buško are summarized in the Buško Lake and systematic reviews tabular and graphical form (Table 1). of endemic species (Chondrostoma Considering the new finding of the A. phoxinus Heckel, 1843).The results of arborella species in Buško Lake and Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] current research activities in the Buško the status of individual endemic Lake area are of recent date and species, it will be significant from the covered all relevant facts, during the point of view of conservation since the one-year, two-season and multi-day Chondrostoma phoxinus species is field trips. They present the current critically endangered (CR) according to status of the qualitative composition of the IUCN status in Croatia (Mrakovčić

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et al., 2006) A. arborella species is first of the living communities of the Buško recorded in the Buško Lake area as an Lake aquatic ecosystem” revealed that introduced (allochthonous) species with there are 24 fishes belonging to the A. conservation status of LC (Least arborella species(Table 3. andFig. 2.).A. concern).Thus, this new finding of A. arborella species (Bonaparte, 1841) arborella is a contribution to the syn.A. alborella (De Filippi, 1844) are knowledge of the range expansion of distinguished and separated from other this species and is the first of its kind species of the Alburnus genus from the for the Buško Lake area. Adriatic basin by their observable and Analysis of ichthyofauna material measurable morphometric and meristic collected in the Buško Lake area within features (Fig. 3.). the project “Inventory and monitoring

Table 3:Number of individuals within each species analyzed and associated ichthyomass. Mass of individal fish Species No. of individuals species (gr) Silurus glanis 25 43193 Carassius gibelio 265 234976 Cyprinus carpio 32 41911 Tinca tinca 12 2030 Lepomis gibossus 17 1265 Sander lucioperca 57 33176 Alburnus arborella 24 1758 Scardinius erythrophthalmus 19 8805 Chondrostoma phoxinus 2 44 Salmo trutta 4 6500 Squalius tenellus 1 1235 Ukupno 458 374893

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Figure 2: Percentage of individual species in the diversity of ichthyopopulations of the Buško Lake.

86 Ţujo Zekić et al., First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus…

Figure 3: Alburnus arborella specimens at determination.

Body elongated and laterally flattened, number ofspokes in the dorsal fin 4-8, where body height fits 4 to 5 times the the number of scales in the lateral line length of body without tail fin. The is 40-47 +3. In anal fin 13-16 spokes, scales are silver in color and are easily 16-22 gill arches. removed with a noticeable dark brown Šorić (2006) gives an overall picture streak along the flanks of the body.The of the species through descriptions of total body length is up to 20 cm with other authors:Du (II) III (IV), Db 7-9, the formula D III 7-8, A III 12-15, V II Au (II) III, Ab 10-17, Vu II, Vb 7-8, Pu 8, P 13-15, lateral line 48-52 scales I, Pb 13-17, Squ. sup. 7-11, ll 42-56, (Vuković and Ivanović, 1971). Squ. inf. 3-4 (5), Sp. br. 17-25, Vert. According to the same authors, this 37-45, D. ph. 2.5 – 5.2 (4.2, 5.3). Body species lives in large flocks and spawns is elongate, laterally compressed, with

Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] from in coastal areas from late March to maximal length 160 to 180mm, rarely mid-July.Some minor discrepancies and 200mm. Along the body side is discrepancies are noted by Kottelat and stretched dark–brown line. Mouth Freyhof (2007), who report spawning superior a horizontal line from the lip of species of this species from May to premaxillary reaches the upper part of August at temperatures above 15˚C. eye. These data were compiled from The discrepancies are clear and with the Tortoneze (1970), Karaman (1924,

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1928), Oliva (1950), Poljakov et al. with tributaries (Bosna and (1958), Dimovski and Grupče (1971), Hercegovina), Skadar Lake, Morača Ivanović (1973), Šorić (1982, 1990 and river, Zeta river, Cijevna river, Šaško data from this study), Rakaj Lake (Montenegro), Beli Drim and its (1995),pointing out that meristic tributaries (Metohia, Serbia), Drim characters in populations of this species River, Ohrid Lake, Globočica Lake from different localities essentially are (Macedonia and 86 Albania). (Bianco, not different.The biggest number of 1987;Karaman, 1924, 1928; Ivanović, specimens has got 49 to 52 (77%) 1968; Dimovski and Grupče, 1971; scales in ll, with usual 8 to 9 (80%) Poveţ et al., 1990; Šorić, 1990; Rakaj, horizontal scales rows above and 3 to 4 1995). In this part of the paper, the very (95%) scales rows below. Dorsal fin relationship of autochthonous and with 8 (82%) and anal fin 13 to 14 allochthonous fish species of Buško (85%) branched rays. The first gill arch Lake is graphically presented, with an has 17 to 22 branchial spines in emphasis on introduced species which, specimens from typical oligotrophic in percentage valuesof abundance and Ohrid Lake, 17 to 23 in Beli Drim, and ichthyomass, occupy a far greater 21 to 25 in specific carst Skadar Lake. proportion than indigenous species, Number of vertebrae in largest especially endemic ones. Therefore, the specimens varies from 38 to 42. analyzed species of A. arborella The morphometric characters of accounts for some 5% of the total populations from Ohrid – Drim – number of allochthonous species of Skadar basin demonstrate considerably Buško Lake. variable. The length of head amounts from 18.6 to 24.6% of Sl. Diametar Conclusion oculi is 21.4 to 31.7% of cl. Greate After investigating the diversity of fish body depth 17.8 to 22.5% and populations of Buško Lake (Livno minimum body depth 6.5 to 9.8% of Sl. Municipality, Tomislavgrad Dept of anal fin 9.6 to 14.8% of Municipality, Canton of Herzegovina/ standard length. Canton), 24 individuals were identified According to the same author Šorić from the caught material and identified (2006)distribution Peninsula bleak in as belonging to the Cyprinidae family Adriatic basin is represented onFig. 1. and the genus AlburnusRafinesque, in his artical. (Fig 1. Distribution of 1820.All individuals were found to Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] Alburnus arborella(block review)) p. belong to the species Alburnus 86. The triangles indicate localities of arborella (Bonaparte, 1841). The introductionsInhabited are Po river finding of the species A.arborella sistem to Isonca (Italy), Soča and Mirna (Bonaparte, 1841) in the area of Buško rivers (Slovenia), Zrmanja river Lake is so far one of the 4 localities in (Dalmatia, Croatia), Narentana river Bosnia and Herzegovina, where

88 Ţujo Zekić et al., First finding of species Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte, 1841) syn. Alburnus…

representatives of the above mentioned del′ ittiofauna autoctona. Atti ll species have been noted, and it is also Conv. Alad, pp. 41–65. the first finding for Buško Lake.A Bianco, P.G., 1995b. Factors affecting review of the referenced literature and a the distribution of freshwater fishes systematic comparison of the state of especially in Italy. Cybium, 19, 241– fish communities before and after the 259. formation of the Buško Lake Bogut, I., Pavličević, J., hydroaccumulation makes clear and Muhamedagić, S., Pavlović, J., concise conclusions about the partial Petrović, D., Ivanković, P. and threat of endemic ichthyopopulations, Batinić, V., 2007. Ribolovno- as well as the pronounced natural gospodarska osnova Buškog jezera occurrence of interspecific competition, (Fishing-economic basis of the which in this case is stimulated by Busko Lake). Zavod za ribarstvo, man.There are no published papers of zoologiju i zaštitu voda, Agronomski literature on the studies of this species fakultet, Sveučilište u Mostaru, in the area of Buško Lake and the Mostar. pp.1-136. surrounding watercourses of Livno and Bogutskaya, N., Küçük, F. and Ünlü, Duvanjsko field, so it is expected that E., 2000. Alburnus baliki, a new this work will contribute to a more species of cyprinid fi sh from the detailed knowledge of the diversity and Manavgat River System, Turkey. distribution of the Alburnus genus in Icht. Explor. Freshwaters 11(1), 55- Bosnia and Herzegovina. 64 Bonaparte, C.L., 1841.Aspius alburnus Reference (Aspius alborella). – In Iconografia Aganović, M., Vuković, T., Kosorić, della fauna italica. Pesci, Salvucci, Đ., Kapetanović, N., Guzina, N., Roma.3, 1832-1941. Savić-Seratlić, D., Vuković, N. and Buj, I., Vukić. J., Šanda, R., Perea, Veledar, I., 1974. Gospodarska S., ćaleta, M., Marić, Z., Bogut, I., osnova ribarstva na akumulaciji Povţ, M. and Mrakovčić, M., Buško blato ukompenziranom 2010.Morphological comparison of bazenu Lipa (The economic base of bleaks ( Alburnus , Cyprinidae) from fishing on the Busko Lake reservoir the Adriatic Basin with the in the compensated pool Lipa). Description of a new species. Biološki institut Univerziteta u Available from: Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:23 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.9 ] Sarajevu, Sarajevo. https://www.researchgate.net/publica Bianco, G.P., 1987. Damage caused by tion/228332486_Morphological_co man induced changes from the mparison_of_bleaks_Alburnus_Cypr zoogeographic frame of Italian inidae_from_the_Adriatic_Basin_wit freshwater fishes. – Biol. e gestione h_the_Description_of_a_new_specie s [accessed Oct 15 2019].

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