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Universidade Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro Centro De Tecnologia E Ciências Instituto De Matemática E Estatística Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Centro de Tecnologia e Ciências Instituto de Matemática e Estatística Pedro Henrique Vieira da Rosa Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: Uma proposta inovadora Rio de Janeiro 2019 Pedro Henrique Vieira da Rosa Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: uma proposta inovadora Dissertação apresentada, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre, ao Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional - PROFMAT, da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Younes Nikdelan Rio de Janeiro 2019 CATALOGAÇÃO NA FONTE UERJ / REDE SIRIUS / BIBLIOTECA CTC-A R788 Rosa, Pedro Henrique Vieira. Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: uma proposta inovadora / Pedro Henrique Vieira da Rosa. – 2019. 132f.: il. Orientador: Younes Nikdelan. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Matemática Rede Nacional - PROFMAT), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística. 1. Matemática - Estudo e ensino - Teses. 2. Matemática - Estudo e ensino - Irã - Teses. I. Nilkdealan, Younes. II. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Matemática e Estatística. III. Título. CDU 51:37 Patricia Bello Meijinhos - CRB/5217- Bibliotecária responsável pela elaboração da ficha catalográfica Autorizo, apenas para fins acadêmicos e científicos, a reprodução total ou parcial desta dissertação, desde que citada a fonte. ______________________________ ________________________ Assinatura Data Pedro Henrique Vieira da Rosa Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: uma proposta inovadora Dissertação apresentada, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre, ao Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional - PROFMAT, da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Aprovada em 30 de agosto de 2019. Banca Examinadora: _____________________________________________ Prof. Dr.Younes Nikdelan (Orientador) Instituto de Matemática e Estatística– UERJ _____________________________________________ Prof.ª Dra. Gabriela dos Santos Barbosa Instituto de Matemática e Estatística– UERJ _____________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Mohammad Fanaee Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro 2019 DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a minha amada esposa Eliane que com carinho e paciência soube compreender os momentos de ausência para a conclusão dessa missão; e a todos aqueles que fazem da bandeira da educação uma caminhada de fé e amor ao próximo. AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente a Deus pela oportunidade de concluir mais este projeto, não apenas acadêmico, mais sobretudo de vida, pois educação e transformações de vidas são bens indissociáveis. A toda minha família, que sempre me incentivou a buscar ser um ser humano melhor a cada dia. Aos meus pais Marco Antônio Vieira da Rosa (in memorian) e Leila Maria Cortes da Rosa meu muito obrigado por não pouparem esforços para minha educação. A minha esposa e amiga Eliane por estar sempre presente nos momentos mais difíceis, sendo compreensiva nas minhas necessárias ausências e atenciosa nos tenebrosos momentos de preocupação. A toda equipe da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) por oportunizar um curso de excelente qualidade, propiciando meu desenvolvimento profissional e pessoal. Aos meus colegas de curso, pelos debates e diferentes pontos de vista em prol de uma educação de qualidade. Juntos amadurecemos e estamos preparados para levar todos os nossos projetos a frente com comprometimento e responsabilidade. A todos os professores e funcionários do CIEP 494 Alexandre de Carvalho, do Colégio Estadual Álvaro Alvim, do Colégio Estadual Ribeiro de Avellar, da Escola Municipal Doutor Álvares Soares, da Escola Estadual Municipalizada Júlio Lopes de Mello Filho, da Escola Estadual Municipalizada Vereador Sydnei de Melo Freitas, da Escola Municipal Liddy Mignone, da Escola Municipal José Eulálio de Andrade, da Escola Municipal Professora Maria da Conceição Machado de Carvalho e do Centro de Educação à Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(CEDERJ) por me apoiarem incondicionalmente na minha profissão docente, permitindo um aprendizado diário. Ao meu orientador Professor Doutor Younes Nikdelan que cordialmente aceitou o desafio de me ter como seu orientando; não só me acompanhando no desenvolvimento deste trabalho, mas principalmente me encorajando nos momentos mais delicados e se dedicando diuturnamente para que este projeto alcançasse todos os seus objetivos. Seu comprometimento com a educação é um exemplo para todos que militam nesta área. Em especial a todos os meus alunos pelo exercício diário de aprendizado e companheirismo que recebo incondicionalmente. Vocês me dão a certeza que escolhi o melhor caminho quando optei por ser professor. Um professor sempre afeta a eternidade. Ele nunca saberá onde sua influência termina. Henry Adams RESUMO ROSA, Pedro Henrique Vieira. Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: uma proposta inovadora. 2019.132f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional –PROFMAT) –Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2019. A presente dissertação de Mestrado tem como objetivo desenvolver estudos comparativos sobre os sistemas educativos prescritos a apresentados no Brasil e no Irã, devidamente organizados e implementados a partir da década de 90. Nesse sentido, nos capítulos que se seguem, há a intenção de identificar semelhanças e diferenças entre os sistemas educativos, sobretudo em relação aos seus aspectos referentes ao ensino e aprendizagem matemática, tecendo uma série de observações que comportam características inerentes ao sistema iraniano que podem vir a ser introduzidas no sistema de ensino brasileiro, dada a moderna corrente que vem revolucionando a educação brasileira –principalmente o ensino médio– nos anos recentes. Este trabalho não se propõe a identificar preferências ou rejeições de professores e alunos a quaisquer um dos sistemas, mas sim revelar um embasamento teórico-metodológico sobre a contribuição dos sistemas de ensino de ambos os países em seu respectivo contexto educacional. No intuito de embasar a investigação, foi adotada a metodologia da Educação Comparada, um instrumento analítico para o estudo apropriado dos sistemas educativos. A tese apresenta algumas contribuições a serem refletidas pela comunidade escolar, pelos estudiosos da Educação Matemática e pelos gestores de políticas públicas educacionais. Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Sistema de Ensino. Educação Comparada. Ensino da Matemática. ABSTRACT ROSA, Pedro Henrique Vieira. Estudo analítico entre os sistemas de ensino da matemática no Irã e no Brasil: uma proposta inovadora. 2019.132f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional –PROFMAT) –Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2019. This Master's thesis aims to develop comparative studies on the prescribed education systems presented in Brazil and Iran, properly organized and implemented from the 90's. In this sense, in the following chapters, the intention is to identify similarities and differences between the educational systems, especially in relation to their aspects related to mathematics teaching and learning, weaving a series of observations that contain characteristics inherent to the Iranian system that may be introduced in the Brazilian education system, given the modern current that comes revolutionizing Brazilian education –especially high school– in recent years. This paper does not intend to identify teacher and student preferences or rejections to either system, but to reveal a theoretical and methodological basis on the contribution of the education systems of both countries in their respective educational context. In order to base the investigation, the methodology of Comparative Education was adopted, an analytical instrument for the appropriate study of the educational systems. The thesis presents some contributions to be reflected by the school community, the scholars of Mathematical Education and the managers of educational public policies. Keywords: Mathematical education. Education system. Comparative Education. Mathematics Education. LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1 - G20 índice de produção mundial de conhecimentos científicos.............................. 23 Figura 2 - As realizações científicas e tecnológicas do Irã nas últimas 4 décadas ................... 25 Figura 3 - Classificação do Irã na União Matemática Internacional (IMU) ............................. 26 Figura 4 - Primeira página do livro Compendioso sobre Cálculo por Restauração e Balanceamento ......................................................................................................................... 29 Figura 5 - Solução da equação x³ + ax² = b proposta por Khayyam ....................................... 31 Figura 6 - Triângulo Aritmético de Khayyam .......................................................................... 32 Figura 7 - A descoberta de Al-Tusi sobre polinômios cúbicos pode ser reformulada como um problema na otimização de um volume para a privacidade do hospital. .................................. 33 Figura 8 - Lei esférica dos Senos ............................................................................................. 34 Figura 9 - Histórico da República
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