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Cultural Heritage A985 Kincardine Bridge Refurbishment: Piled Viaduct Replacement Environmental Impact Assessment Report Chapter 10: Cultural Heritage Cultural Heritage This chapter presents an assessment of the potential impacts of the proposed scheme on cultural heritage assets comprising archaeological remains, historic buildings and the historic landscape. The study area extended 200m from the proposed scheme. Baseline conditions were established through a desk-based survey and walkover survey. Designated cultural heritage assets up to 1km from the proposed scheme were included in the baseline where there was potential for impacts on their setting. In total, 34 cultural heritage assets were considered as part of the baseline, comprising 13 archaeological remains, 17 historic buildings, and four historic landscape types (HLT). No significant effects were predicted for archaeological remains or the historic landscape as a result of the construction or operation of the proposed scheme. Before mitigation, a significant potential effect during construction was identified on one historic building - the Kincardine Bridge (Asset 15; a Category A Listed Building). Mitigation proposed for this cultural heritage asset comprises an enhanced historic building recording. On completion of the reporting, analysis, publication and dissemination of the results associated with this mitigation, the residual significance of effect on this cultural heritage asset has been assessed to be Moderate. The requirement for the appointed Contractor to submit an assessment report of the bridge parapet panels to provide a detailed condition assessment of the affected panels and a justified rationale for the proposed approach to their refurbishment is also identified. During operation, a Moderate adverse and Moderate beneficial effect was identified on the Kincardine Bridge (Asset 15). The potential for the presence of unknown archaeological remains below the Mean High Water Springs (MHWS) of the study area has been assessed to be medium. Where modern development is likely to have disturbed or removed archaeological remains that may have been present the potential for unknown archaeological remains has been assessed to be low. Archaeological recording during construction (an archaeological watching brief) will be undertaken to make a permanent record of any surviving unknown archaeological remains that may be identified. 10.1 Introduction 10.1.1 This chapter of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report presents the cultural heritage assessment for the A985 Kincardine Bridge Refurbishment: Piled Viaduct Replacement scheme (hereafter referred to as the proposed scheme). The chapter considers the impacts of the proposed scheme on cultural heritage under the three sub-topics of archaeological remains, historic buildings and the historic landscape. To facilitate assessment, the historic landscape was divided into Historic Landscape Types (HLTs) defined as ‘distinctive and repeated combinations of components defining generic historic landscapes’ (Highways Agency, Transport Scotland, Welsh Assembly Government and the Department for Regional Development Northern Ireland 2007; Annex 7, paragraph 7.7.3). 10.1.2 This chapter is supported by the following figures and appendices, which are cross referenced where relevant: • Figure 10.1 (Locations of Archaeological Remains and Historic Buildings); • Figure 10.2 (Locations of Historic Landscape Types (HLT)); • Figure 10.3 (Potential for Unknown Archaeological Remains); and • Appendix A10.1 (Cultural Heritage Baseline Report). 10.2 Legislation, Policies and Guidance 10.2.1 Details of relevant legislation, planning policy and best practice guidance for cultural heritage are provided in Section 2 of Appendix A10.1 (Cultural Heritage Baseline Report). An assessment of the Page 1 of Chapter 10 A985 Kincardine Bridge Refurbishment: Piled Viaduct Replacement Environmental Impact Assessment Report Chapter 10: Cultural Heritage compliance of the proposed scheme against policies relevant to cultural heritage is reported in Appendix A4.1 (Assessment of Policy Compliance) and a summary is provided in Section 10.9 (Assessment of Policy Compliance) of this chapter. 10.3 Need for the Scheme and Listed Building Consent 10.3.1 The piled viaduct was assessed as substandard as early as 1983 and a subsequent report proposed its replacement (Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners 1987). In 1992, as an interim measure, a steel propping system was installed beneath the deck of the existing piled viaduct to provide structural support. 10.3.2 An Improvement Options Report was prepared in 2007 (Jacobs 2007) which recommended that the piled viaduct be replaced for the following reasons: • The original superstructure has insufficient load carrying capacity, with the deck slab and transverse beams having insufficient strength. • The original substructure is unsuitable for incorporation into the refurbished bridge owing to the poor condition of the visible portions of the substructure piles. Furthermore, the condition of the buried portion of substructure piles cannot be assessed. • The steel propping system is unsuitable for incorporation in the refurbished bridge. 10.3.3 The need for the proposed scheme and the alternatives considered are presented in Chapter 2 (Need for the Scheme and Consideration of Alternatives). 10.3.4 The proposed scheme will keep Kincardine Bridge in its intended use in the long-term and ensure it continues to benefit from on-going maintenance, preserving the way it is understood, experienced and appreciated. In this respect, the proposed scheme aligns with national policy (HEP2, 3 and 4 of the Historic Environment Policy for Scotland; HES 2019a), including securing the bridge for present and future generations. This also aligns with Policy PE07 of the Falkirk Local Development Plan 2 (Falkirk 2020). Detailed information is provided in Appendix A4.1 (Assessment of Policy Compliance) with a summary provided in Section 10.9 (Assessment of Policy Compliance) of this chapter. 10.3.5 As the Kincardine Bridge is a Category A Listed Building the proposed scheme will require listed building consent and the works will be carried out in accordance with the conditions attached to such consent. 10.3.6 The listed building consent application will provide a description of the temporary bridge structure and indicative construction methodology, as well as details of the design and construction of the new piled viaduct and a justification for the replacement of any historic fabric. The application will include drawings illustrating the proposed general arrangement of the new piled viaduct, including materials and finishes, as well as the indicative layout of the temporary bridge structure and the proposed join between the two structures required during construction. 10.4 Approach and Methods 10.4.1 The assessment was undertaken based on the guidance provided in DMRB Volume 11, Section 3, Part 2, Cultural Heritage (Highways Agency, Transport Scotland, Welsh Assembly Government and the Department for Regional Development Northern Ireland 2007; hereinafter referred to as HA208/07)1. Both designated and undesignated cultural heritage assets have been included in this assessment. A 1 While the DMRB Volume 11 guidance was updated during the production of this Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIA Report), and included the publication of the LA 106 (Cultural Heritage Assessment; Highways England, Transport Scotland, Welsh Government and the Department for Infrastructure Northern Ireland 2020), the approach presented in LA 106 would not have materially changed the results of the cultural heritage assessment presented in this chapter. For further information on the rationale for using HA208/07 for the cultural heritage assessment refer to Chapter 4 (Overview of Assessment Process). Page 2 of Chapter 10 A985 Kincardine Bridge Refurbishment: Piled Viaduct Replacement Environmental Impact Assessment Report Chapter 10: Cultural Heritage cultural heritage asset is defined as an individual archaeological site or building, a monument or group of monuments, historic building or group of buildings, or a historic landscape which, together with its setting (where relevant), can be considered as a unit for assessment. 10.4.2 Due to the potential for significant effects (Moderate or greater significance of effect) on the Kincardine Bridge and archaeological remains, a detailed assessment as defined by HA208/07 was undertaken for archaeological remains and historic buildings comprising a desk-based survey and a walkover survey (Appendix A10.1: Cultural Heritage Baseline Report). 10.4.3 Given the limited rarity, time-depth and nature of the historic landscape, a simple assessment (as defined by HA208/07) was considered proportionate to assess the potential impacts that may result from the construction and operation of the proposed scheme on the historic landscape. This comprised a review of information already gathered at the scoping stage. Study Area 10.4.4 Based on the guidance provided by HA208/07 (Annex 5, paragraph 5.4.1) the study area for archaeological remains was defined as the footprint of the proposed scheme and any new land-take plus an area extending 200m in all directions from it. For the purpose of this assessment, this study area was also used for historic buildings and the historic landscape. 10.4.5 Guided by Managing Change in the Historic Environment: Setting (HES 2016), and based on professional judgement, designated cultural heritage assets up to
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