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How to Assess X Ssumptions, Met Ssumptions, Am P Les of Heritage Assessment Systems H C resear OF OF state urrent C the D an lems OB R P HOW TO ASSESS the BUILT HERITAGE? ASSUMPTIONS, METHODOLOGIES, EXAMPles OF heritage assessment systems ISBN: 978-83-940280-3-9 VALUE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS – SYSTEMS ASSESSMENT VALUE International Scientific Committee for Theory HERITAGE and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration ICOMOS Romualdo Del Bianco Foundatione Lublin University of Technology Florence–Lublin 2015 HOW TO ASSESS BUILT HERITAGE? ASSUMPTIONS, METHODOLOGIES, EXAMPLES OF HERITAGE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS HOW TO ASSESS BUILT HERITAGE? ASSUMPTIONS, METHODOLOGIES, EXAMPLES OF HERITAGE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS Editor: Bogusław Szmygin International Scientific Committee for Theory and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration ICOMOS Romualdo Del Bianco Foundatione Lublin University of Technology Florence–Lublin 2015 Reviewers: Wilfried Lipp Rasa Čepaitienė Marko Špikić Editor: Bogusław Szmygin Publishers: International Scientific Committee for Theory and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration ICOMOS Romualdo Del Bianco Foundatione Lublin University of Technology Nadbystrzycka 38D, 20-618 Lublin Finance for publishing this monograph has been provided within SMART VALUE project. The project has been financed by National Science Centre under the decision no. DEC-2013/11/Z/HS2/00001. ISBN: 978-83-940280-3-9 Printed by: Drukarnia ALF-GRAF, Abramowicka 6, 20-442 Lublin CONTenTS Foreword ................................................................................................................... 7 TECHNITAS method for assessment of the values attributed to cultural heritage of technology Waldemar J. Affelt ...................................................................................................... 9 Problems regarding valuable characteristics of 20th-century modernist public buildings in Lithuania Vaida Almonaitytė-Navickienė .................................................................................. 47 Integration and participation Mieke van Bers (ma) .................................................................................................. 63 Genius Loci as a “Nameless Value” of Natural and Built Heritage Rasa Čepaitienė ........................................................................................................ 75 Social value of cultural heritage: Lithuanian case Angelė Čepėnaitė ...................................................................................................... 97 The influence of location and community on the appreciation of significant and large-scale architectural heritages Kristina Daubarytė ...................................................................................................... 113 Cultural values for intercultural dialogue, in an economy-driven world Paolo Del Bianco ....................................................................................................... 129 Understanding Architectural Heritage Values -three case studies, lessens to learn Mats Edström ............................................................................................................. 139 The defence of Cultural Heritage in between conservation and transformation: methodologies and heritage assessment systems Rosa Anna Genovese ................................................................................................ 157 Heritage significance assessments to evaluate retrofit impacts: From heritage values to character-defining elements in praxis Carsten Hermann, Dennis Rodwell ........................................................................... 169 Difficult Heritage. Traumatic Memory or Want of Political Will Ieva Kuizinienė ............................................................................................................ 191 Methodology for Global Comparative Analysis Paul Mahoney ............................................................................................................. 207 Patrimonialization paradoxes in Lithuania and opportunities for good practice Vaida Ščiglienė ............................................................................................................ 219 New social multi-criteria evaluation strategy in the protection of cultural heritage Iwona Szmelter ............................................................................................................ 241 In Stakeholders We Trust: Changing the Ontological and Epistemological Orientation of Built Heritage Assessment through Participatory Action Research Jeremy C. Wells .......................................................................................................... 249 7 FOrewOrd For over ten years it is the principal objective pursued by ICOMOS International Scientific Committee for Theory and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration to stimulate discussions about the most important topics covering conservation and protection of heritage. Due to the nature of works carried out by ICOMOS, these de- bates are usually held in form of conferences and publications. Every year a number of topics are therefore verified in terms of their importance to conservation areas. Only the ones which are of deepest significance for a large number of conservation fields are discussed on conferences. What was conferred about in 2015 was value assessment. Its importance to protection of monuments and sites is unquestionable and needs no further illustration. Assessing values is of utmost importance at every stage of dealing with heritage: starting from selection of protected properties, through analysing their values, defining the scope of conservation works and methods applied to carry them out, to gaining social accept- ance and means for implementing conservation works. The considerable importance that value assessment has in monument protection re- sulted in a number of discussions being held. For the first time the International Scientific Committee on Theory and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration debated the problem of value assessment in Values and Criteria in Heritage Conservation (2008). This monograph consists of fifty articles which focus on various aspects of heritage valuing. This publication proved that the problem of value assessment should be ap- proached as a part of the contemporary conservation theory in particular. The contemporary conservation theory attempts to describe the complexity of heritage and its functions, regarding factors which determine the forms of its protection. It is, however, not a simple task because, apparently, the currently available theoretical tools are not effective enough in practice today. The major problem is that more and more monuments are modernized, adapted, and transformed in order to meet the needs and standards expected from society today. The theory of conservation should, therefore, clarify and clearly outline the rules and limits of intervention pertaining to the historical design and substance. The pre-requisite at the outset must be a comprehensive analy- sis covering value assessment as well. 7 Bogusław Szmygin It is rather a simple task to prepare an inventory of material elements for which stand- ards and procedures have been developed. Analysis of heritage values is, however, a far more complex process. This results not only from uniqueness and purposes for which properties are used but also from regional aspects. As a consequence, gen- erally accepted methodologies of cultural heritage assessment need to be differenti- ated, depending on a specific cultural context. Considering the aforementioned conditions and needs, International Scientific Committee for Theory and Philosophy of Conservation and Restoration decided to address the problem of value assessment once again. The International conference „How to assess built heritage? Assumptions, methodologies, examples of herit- age assessment systems” was organized in collaboration with Fondazione Romualdo Del Bianco in Florence on 5th–8th March, 2015. The purpose of the conference was to address the current systems of assessing (immovable) cultural heritage and discuss options and possibilities to develop differ- entiated methodologies/systems of cultural heritage assessment. In accordance with the aim of the conference, the authors of the papers provided herein were asked to fo- cus on two issues, i.e. critical evaluation of existing assessment methods and propos- als for differentiated systems of heritage assessment. The articles published in this monograph are based on papers read at conferences and articles written by other authors interested with the discussed subject matter. The publisher disclaims liability for English versions of articles translated by their authors. Bogusław Szmygin General Secretary ISC Theory of Conservation 8 TECHNITAS METHOD FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUES attRIBUTED TO CULTURAL HERitaGE OF TECHNOLOGY Waldemar J. Affelt* In techne genius, in res veritas INTRODUctiON Evaluation or assessment of value in heritage science, i.e. heritology translates into as- signing specific values to the material objects from the past. Basic construct of such evaluation refers to two aspects: the object being evaluated and the name of the value assigned to it. Every object can be assigned many different values, and at this point the role of the heritage expert in such process must be mentioned, too. While the sub- ject of valuation can be described objectively “here and now”, according to set stand- ards, for example, based on the European standards Conservation of cultural property group, the valuation
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