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1805 Anambra State of Nigeria Ministry of Health World Lank/UNDP 1805 Anambra State of Nigeria Ministry of Health World lank/UNDP Regional Water and Sanitation Group Abidjan/Ivory Coast ITATION (JRCJ Plans for Development of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in Anambra State Volume 1: Strategic Plan IWACO Consultants for Water & Environment Head Office: P.O. Box 183 3000 AD Rotterdam The Netherlands Rotterdam May 1989 1805 Anambra State of Nigeria Ministry of Health World Bank/UNDP Regional Water and Sanitation Group Abidjan/Ivory Coast LIBRARY, INTERN.YTIONAL REF -ZRENCE CENTRE FO!? COf,1MUNITY WA"" EK SUPPLY AND SALVATION (ISC) P.O. Box J3-y0; 2509 AD The Hague Tel. (070) 81 49 11 ext. 141/142 Plans for Development of RN: I'bW Rural Water Supply and * Ba < Sanitation in Anambra State Volume 1: Strategic Plan IWACO Consultants for Water & Environment Head Office: P.O. Box 183 3000 AD Rotterdam The Netherlands Rotterdam May 1989 STRATEGIC PLAN THE PRESENT REPORT CONSISTS OF TWO VOLUMES: VOLUME 1: STRATEGIC PLAN VOLUME 2: PLAN OF ACTION STRATEGIC PLAN TABLE O F CONTENTS O F VOLUME LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....... ....... 1 2 INTRODUCTION 6 PART A: EXISTING SITUATION 3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ............ 8 3.1 SITUATION 8 3.2 WATER RESOURCES 8 4 POPULATION AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT . 11 4.1 DEMOGRAPHY 11 4.2 THE IGBO: POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS 11 4.3 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 13 4.3.1 Introduction 13 4.3.2 State LEVEL 13 4.3.3 LGA level 13 4.3.4 Village level administration and organization 15 5 PRESENT RWS&S SITUATION IN THE STATE 17 5.1 CONDITIONS AND PRACTICES 17 5.2 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN THE SECTOR .... 19 5.3 ONGOING AND PROPOSED SECTOR PROJECTS 2 0 PART B: POSSIBILITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RWS&S SECTOR 6 NEEDS IN THE RWS&S SECTOR 22 7 CONSTRAINTS 2 5 8 OPTIONS 28 8.1 WATER SUPPLY OPTIONS 28 8.2 SANITATION OPTIONS 3 3 PART C: STRATEGIC PLAN 9 OBJECTIVES 3 6 10 ACTIVITIES 38 10.1 INTRODUCTION 38 10.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVITIES 38 10.2.1 Baseline survey and monitoring 38 10.2.2 Support of State unit 39 10.2.3 Support of LGA's 3 9 10.2.4 Community involvement and health education 39 10.2.5 Construction 43 10.2.6 Operation and maintenance 43 10.2.7 Training 44 10.3 ORGANIZATION 44 10.3.1 Introduction 44 10.3.2 Institutional setup 45 10.3.3 Required permanent staff 48 STRATEGIC PLAN 10.3.4 Project staff 49 10.4 FINANCING 49 10.5 PLANNING OF ACTIVITIES 50 REFERENCES 52 LIST OF ANNEXES 3.1 Rainfall 3.2 Hydrogeology of Anambra State 4.1 Population densities 4.2 State budget estimates for 1988 • 4.3 Estimates (financial budgets) of selected Local Govern- ments 5.1 Unit water prices at Igbo-Eze LGA 5.2 Existing institutional framework in the sector 5.3 Ongoing and proposed sector projects 8.1 Algorithm for quantification of target group 8.2 Cost estimates of water supply options 8.3 Unit costs of water of various options for rural water supply 8.4 Cost estimates of the various sanitation options 9.1 Aerial photographs 9.2 Satellite images 9-3 Guidelines for identification of target group 9.4 Guidelines for technical activities 9.5 Organization of operation and maintenance 9.6 Guidelines for distribution of spareparts LIST OF TABLES 5.1 Most important ongoing and proposed projects in RWS&S sector 6.1 Population not covered by existing and planned urban and semi-urban water supply schemes 7.1 Income and ability and willingness to pay for water supply in sample villages 8.1 Most appropriate options for rural water supply 8.2 Estimates of numbers of works to be constructed 8.3 Costs of various standard designs 8.4 Construction costs of water supply schemes to supply 60% of the rural population 8.5 Summary of costs of various latrine options 8.6 Construction costs of schemes to supply 60% of the rural population with sanitation facilities 9.1 Proposed approach for community based sector development STRATEGIC PLAN LIST OF FIGURES I 2.1 The area of study 2.2 The selected LGA's • :| 3.1 Topographical map of Anambra State • 3.2 Hydrogeological cross-section 3.3 Lithologic map "; 3.4 Hydrogeological zones 3.5 Regions with possibilities to construct artesian wells ; 3.6 Hydrogeology I 4.1 Population density i 4.2 Organigramme Anambra State Government i 10.1 Proposed institutional set-up. % STRATEGIC PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 2 INTRODUCTION 6 PART A: EXISTING SITUATION 3 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ... ... 8 3.1 SITUATION 8 3-2 WATER RESOURCES 8 4 POPULATION AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 11 4.1 DEMOGRAPHY 11 4.2 THE IGBO: POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS 11 4.3 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 13 4.3.1 Introduction 13 4.3.2 State LEVEL 13 4.3.3 LGA level 13 4.3.4 Village level administration and organization 15 5 PRESENT RWS&S SITUATION IN THE STATE 17 5.1 CONDITIONS AND PRACTICES 17 5.2 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN THE SECTOR .... 19 5.3 ONGOING AND PROPOSED SECTOR PROJECTS 2 0 PART B: POSSIBILITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RWS&S SECTOR 6 NEEDS IN THE RWS&S SECTOR 22 7 CONSTRAINTS . ..... 25 8 OPTIONS 28 8.1 WATER SUPPLY OPTIONS 28 8.2 SANITATION OPTIONS 3 3 PART C: STRATEGIC PLAN 9 OBJECTIVES 3 6 10 ACTIVITIES ...................... 38 10.1 INTRODUCTION 3 8 10.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVITIES 38 10.2.1 Baseline survey and monitoring 38 10.2.2 Support of State unit 39 10.2.3 Support of LGA's 3 9 10.2.4 Community involvement and health education 39 10.2.5 Construction 43 10.2.6 Operation and maintenance 43 10.2.7 Training 44 10.3 ORGANIZATION 44 10.3.1 Introduction 44 10.3.2 Institutional setup 45 10.3.3 Required permanent staff 48 STRATEGIC PLAN 10.3.4 Project staff 49 10.4 FINANCING 49 10.5 PLANNING OF ACTIVITIES 50 REFERENCES 52 •f STRATEGIC PLAN LIST OF ANNEXES 3.1 Rainfall 3.2 Hydrogeology of Anambra State 4.1 Population densities 4.2 State budget estimates for 1988 4.3 Estimates (financial budgets) of selected Local Govern- ments 5.1 Unit water prices at Igbo-Eze LGA 5.2 Existing institutional framework in the sector 5.3 Ongoing and proposed sector projects 8.1 Algorithm for quantification of target group 8.2 Cost estimates of water supply options 8.3 Unit costs of water of various options for rural water supply 8.4 Cost estimates of the various sanitation options 9.1 Aerial photographs • 9.2 Satellite images 9.3 Guidelines for identification of target group 9.4 Guidelines for technical activities 9.5 Organization of operation and maintenance 9.6 Guidelines for distribution of spareparts LIST OF TABLES 5.1 Most important ongoing and proposed projects in RWS&S sector 6.1 Population not covered by existing and planned urban and semi-urban water supply schemes 7.1 Income and ability and willingness to pay for water supply in sample villages 8.1 Most appropriate options for rural water supply 8.2 Estimates of numbers of works to be constructed 8.3 Costs of various standard designs 8.4 Construction costs of water supply schemes to supply 60% of the rural population 8.5 Summary of costs of various latrine options 8.6 Construction costs of schemes to supply 60% of the rural population with sanitation facilities 9.1 Proposed approach for community based sector development STRATEGIC PLAN LIST OF FIGURES 2.1 The area of study 2.2 The selected LGA's 3.1 Topographical map of Anambra State 3.2 Hydro-geological cross-section 3.3 Lithologic map 3.4 Hydrogeological zones 3.5 Regions with possibilities to construct artesian wells 3.6 Hydrogeology 4.1 Population density 4.2 Organigramme Anambra State Government 10.1 Proposed institutional set-up. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ADB: African Development Bank. • ; ADP: Agricultural Development Project. ANSWC: Anambra State Water Corporation. : ASESA: Anambra State Environment Sanitation Authority. CDC: Community Development Committee. CDU: Community Development Union. DFRRI: Directorate for Food, Roads, Rural Infrastructure. DRD: Department for Rural Development. ES: Environmental Sanitation Office (LGA). JICA: Japanese International Cooperation Agency. LGA; Local Government Area. MOH: Ministry of Works. NBP: National Borehole Programme. RDA: Rural Development Authority. RPMCU: Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Planning, Monitoring and Coordination Unit. RUWATSAN Rural Water Supply and Sanitation. RWSG: Regional Water and Sanitation Group, UNDP/World Bank Abidjan, Cote d'lvoire. RWS&S: Rural Water Supply and Sanitation. TU: Town Union. VBW: Village Based Worker. VWA: Village Water Association. WATSAN: Water Supply and Sanitation, UNICEF assisted project. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Recent developments In 1987 the Regional Water and Sanitation Group of the World Bank / UNDP initiated among others two activities in the Federal Republic of Nigeria: the first resulted in the Sector Memorandum on Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the second in a more specific Sector Memorandum for Anambra State. One of the recommendations of the second report was to establish a Plan of Action to draw interest of donors to fund short term improvements of the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (RWS&S) sector in Anambra State. This activity has been executed by IWACO B.V., Consultants for Water and Environment, and has resulted in the present report. The State Ministry of Health has represented the Anambra State Government during field activities of the IWACO mission.
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