DOCSLIB.ORG

West Bank and Gaza Energy Sector Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
West Bank and Gaza Energy Sector Review Report No. 39695-GZ. West Bank and Gaza Energy Sector Review May, 2007 Sustainable Development Department (MNSSD) Middle East and North Africa Region CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = New Israeli Shekel (NIS) NIS1 = US$0.24 US$1 = NIS4.2 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 Vice President: Daniela Gressani Country Director: A. David Craig Sector Director: Inger Andersen Sector Manager: Jonathan D. Walters Task Team Leaders: John Besant-Jones and Somin Mukherji Abbreviations and Acronyms AMR Automatic Meters Reading bcm billion cubic meters BG British Gas Group BOO Build-Own-Operate btu British Thermal Unit CCGT combined cycle gas turbine CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight cm cubic meter CNG compressed natural gas CPI consumer price index EAPC Eilat-Ashkelon Pipeline Company EC European Community ELNG Egyptian LNG EMG East Mediterranean Gas ESIMP Electric Sector Investment & Management Project FPL Fuel Products Line FY fiscal year GEDCO Gaza Electricity Distribution Company Ltd GDP gross domestic product GOI Government of Israel GM Gaza Marine GPGC Gaza Power Generation Company GPP Gaza Power Plant GWh gigawatt-hour (1 million kWh) HEPCO Hebron Electric Power Company HFO heavy fuel oil HHV higher heating value HV high voltage ICL Israel Chemicals Ltd. IEC Israel Electric Corporation Ltd INGL Israel Natural Gas Lines Company IMF International Monetary Fund INGL Israel Natural Gas Lines Company IPO Initial Public Offering IPP Independent Power Producer JDECO Jerusalem District Electricity Company kg kilogram kJ kilojoule km kilometer i kV kilovolt LIBOR London Interbank Offered Rate LNG liquid natural gas LPG liquid petroleum gas LV low voltage MENA Middle East and North Africa mmbtu million btu mmcf/d million cubic feet per day MOF Ministry of Finance MW megawatt (1000 kilowatts) MV medium voltage MVA megavolt-amp NEDCO Northern Electric Distribution Company NGA Natural Gas Authority (Israel) NIS New Israeli Shekel O&M Operation and Maintenance ORL Oil Refineries Ltd. PA Palestinian Authority PCBS Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics PEA Palestinian Energy and Natural Resources Authority PEC Palestinian Electricity Company PERC Palestinian Electricity Regulatory Council PEI Petroleum and Energy Infrastructures Ltd. PIF Palestine Investment Fund PPA power purchase agreement PPC Palestinian Petroleum Commission PPI producer price index PUA Public Utilities Authority SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SELCO Southern Electric Company Tcf trillion cubic feet TJ terajoule (1 billion joules) ToU time of use VAT value added tax YT Yam Thetis WACC weighted average cost of capital ii Contents 1. Executive Summary................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Review Perspective........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Overview of the West Bank and Gaza Energy Sector ................................................... 2 1.3 Recommended Priorities................................................................................................ 5 2. Current Energy Supply and Demand....................................................................................... 9 2.1 Economic and Social Factors......................................................................................... 9 2.2 Energy Balance ............................................................................................................ 10 2.3 Petroleum Products Supply and Consumption............................................................. 12 2.3.2 West Bank................................................................................................................ 13 2.3.1 Gaza......................................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Electricity Supply......................................................................................................... 14 2.4.1. West Bank................................................................................................................ 14 2.4.2. Gaza......................................................................................................................... 15 3. Technical and Financial Performance of the Power Utilities ................................................ 18 3.1 Technical Performance of the Power Utilities ............................................................. 19 3.1.1 West Bank................................................................................................................ 19 3.1.2 Gaza......................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Financial Performance of the Power Utilities .............................................................. 21 3.2.1 JDECO..................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.2 SELCO..................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.3 HEPCO .................................................................................................................... 25 3.2.4 GEDCO ................................................................................................................... 26 4. The Impact of the Energy Sector on the PA’s Recurrent Budget.......................................... 27 4.1 Fiscal Impact of Petroleum Fuels................................................................................. 28 4.2 Fiscal Impact of the Electricity Sector......................................................................... 31 5. Natural Gas Supply and Demand .......................................................................................... 34 5.1 Israeli Gas Market........................................................................................................ 34 5.2 Regional Gas Supplies: Egypt...................................................................................... 36 5.3 Gas Supply and Demand in West Bank and Gaza ....................................................... 37 5.3.1 Potential for Gas Use in West Bank and Gaza ........................................................ 37 5.3.2 Potential Gas Supplies to West Bank and Gaza ................................................................... 38 5.3.3 Development Options for Gaza Marine................................................................... 38 5.3.4 Benefits to West Bank and Gaza from Gaza Marine Development Options........... 40 5.3.5 Strategic Issues Relating to Gas Development in West Bank and Gaza ................. 42 5.3.6 Institutional Issues Relating to Natural Gas in West Bank and Gaza...................... 43 6. Strategic Issues for Supplying Future Electricity Demand.................................................... 45 6.1 Scenarios for Electricity Demand ................................................................................ 45 6.1.1 Estimation of Base Year Electricity Demand .......................................................... 45 6.1.2 Scenarios for Electricity Demand............................................................................ 46 6.2 Strategic Issues for Supplying Power to West Bank and Gaza.................................... 49 iii 6.2.1 Energy Security ....................................................................................................... 49 6.2.2 Issues for Developing Power Supply to West Bank and Gaza ................................ 51 6.3 Bulk Power Supply Priorities....................................................................................... 51 6.4. The PA’s Power Sector Policy..................................................................................... 53 Annex 1. Energy Statistics for West Bank and Gaza.......................................................... 56 Annex 2. Operating and Commercial Performance of the Gaza Power Plant .................... 60 Annex 3. Oil Products Supply-Demand in West Bank and Gaza....................................... 68 Annex 4. Developments in the Israeli Natural Gas Market ................................................ 73 Annex 5. The Demand for Electricity in West Bank and Gaza .......................................... 83 Annex 6. Power Network Investment Needs in West Bank and Gaza ............................... 97 Annex 7. Developments in the Israeli Electricity Market................................................. 103 List of Tables Table 1. Summary Energy Balance of Palestine 2001, 2002, 2003 .............................................. 10 Table 2. Sectoral Composition of Final Energy Consumption...................................................... 11 Table 3. Electricity Sales in West Bank and Gaza by Supplier 2005............................................ 18 Table 4. Comparative Financial and Operating Performance Measures for Selected MENA Electricity Distribution Companies in 2005.................................................................................. 23 Table 5. Fiscal Impact of the Energy Sector in 2005 .................................................................... 28 Table 6. Petroleum Fuels Consumption 2006 ............................................................................... 29 Table 7. Structure of Fuel Excises, as of January 1, 2007............................................................. 30 Table
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Payandan Shareholders
    PAYANDAN PAYANDAN 1. Company Background Creative Path to Growth Payandan Shareholders PAYANDAN Payandan’s shares belong to Mostazafan Foundation of Islamic Revolution. • Mostazafan Foundation owns 49% • Sina Energy Development Company owns 51% Mostazafan Foundation of Islamic Revolution Sina Energy Development Company PAYANDAN Mostazafan Foundation of Islamic Revolution PAYANDAN SEDCO Sina Financial Paya Saman Pars (Oil & Gas) & Investment Co (Road & Building) Sina Food Industries Iran Housing Group Saba Paya Sanat Sina (Power & Electricity) (Tire, Tiles, Glasswork, Textile, Etc) Ferdos Pars Sina ICT Group (Agriculture) Parsian Tourism Kaveh Pars & Transport Group (Mining) Alavi Foundation Alavi Civil (Charitable) Engineering Group Sina Energy Development Holding Company PAYANDAN SEDCO as one of subsidiaries of The Mostazafan Foundation of Islamic Revolution is considered one of pioneer holding companies in area of oil & gas which aims on huge projects in whole chains of oil and gas. Payandan (Oil & Gas General Contractor) North Drilling (Offshore Drilling) Pedex (Onshore Drilling) Behran (Oil Refinery Co) Dr Bagheri SEDCO Managing Director Coke Waste Water Refining Co Payandan in Numbers PAYANDAN +40 1974 Years ESTABLISHED +1400 +4000 EMPLOYEES CONTRACTOR +200,000,000 $ ANNUAL TURNOVER 75 COMPLETED PROJECTS Company Background PAYANDAN • 48” Zanjan-Mianeh Pipeline • 56” Saveh-Loushan • South Pars – SP No. 14 Pipeline (190KM) • South Pars – SP No. 13 • 56" Dezfoul- Kouhdasht Pipeline (160KM) 1974 1996 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 • Nargesi Gas • F & G Lavan • 56” Asaluyeh Gathering & • South Pars – SP Pipeline Injection No. 17 & 18 • 30” Iran- Payandan is • South Pars – SP No. 22,23,24 Armenia established (oil and • 48” Iraq Pipeline Naftkhane- Pipeline gas contractor) Baghdad (63KM) (113KM) • 56” Naeen-Tehran Gas Pipeline (133KM) • Parsian Gas Refinery • 56” Loushan-Rasht Gas Pipeline (81KM) • Pars Petrochemical Port • Arak Shazand Refinery • Kangan Gas Compressor Station • South Pars – SP No.
    [Show full text]
  • Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program
    Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program But Oil and Gas Still Matter CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES A Report of the CSIS Energy and National Security Program 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 author Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Robert E. Ebel E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org March 2010 ISBN 978-0-89206-600-1 CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & Ë|xHSKITCy066001zv*:+:!:+:! CSIS INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Geopolitics of the Iranian Nuclear Energy Program But Oil and Gas Still Matter A Report of the CSIS Energy and National Security Program author Robert E. Ebel March 2010 About CSIS In an era of ever-changing global opportunities and challenges, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) provides strategic insights and practical policy solutions to decision- makers. CSIS conducts research and analysis and develops policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke at the height of the Cold War, CSIS was dedicated to the simple but urgent goal of finding ways for America to survive as a nation and prosper as a people. Since 1962, CSIS has grown to become one of the world’s preeminent public policy institutions. Today, CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. More than 220 full-time staff and a large network of affiliated scholars focus their expertise on defense and security; on the world’s regions and the unique challenges inherent to them; and on the issues that know no boundary in an increasingly connected world.
    [Show full text]
  • Petroleum: an Engine for Global Development
    OPEC th International Seminar Petroleum: An Engine for Global Development 3–4 June 2015 Hofburg Palace Vienna, Austria www.opec.org Reasons to be cheerful It was over quite quickly. In fact, the 165th Meeting whilst global oil demand was expected to rise from of the OPEC Conference finished two hours ahead of 90m b/d to 91.1m b/d over the same period. In ad- Commentary schedule. Even the customary press conference, held dition, petroleum stock levels, in terms of days of for- immediately after the Meeting at the Organization’s ward demand cover, remained comfortable. “These Secretariat in Vienna, Austria on June 11 and usually numbers make it clear that the oil market is stable and a busy affair, was most probably completed in record balanced, with adequate supply meeting the steady time. But this brevity of discourse spelled good news growth in demand,” OPEC Conference President, Omar — for OPEC and, in fact, all petroleum industry stake- Ali ElShakmak, Libya’s Acting Oil and Gas Minister, holders. As the much-heralded saying goes — ‘don’t be said in his opening address to the Conference. tempted to tamper with a smooth-running engine’. And Of course, there are still downside risks to the glob- that is exactly what OPEC’s Oil and Energy Ministers al economy, both in the OECD and non-OECD regions, did during their customary mid-year Meeting. They de- and there is continuing concern over some production cided to leave the Organization’s 30 million barrels/ limitations, but with non-OPEC supply growth of 1.4m day oil production ceiling in place and unchanged for b/d forecast over the next year, in general, things are the remainder of 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Name of God Development of Yadavaran Oilfield Moving On/ 26 China's Colorful Presence in Iran's Petroleum Industry
    Oct . 2009 - 119 In The Name of God INDEX OCT. 2009 / No.119 Articles on Oil & Gas in the English section, in cooperation with IranOilGas.com Published by: IRANIAN ASSO - CIATION FOR ENERGY ECO-NOMICS (IRAEE) ISSN 1563-1133 Rivalries in the Area of Natural Gas; An Director and Editor-in - Chief: Engin Propelling Political Developments / 2 Seyed Gholamhossein Hassantash Editorial Manager: Homayoun Mobaraki Challenges Facing Iran’s Petroleum Industry / 6 Editorial Board: Majid Abbaspour, Reza Farmand, Ali Moshtaghian, Mohammad-reza Omidkhah, Ebrahim Bagherzadeh, Fereidoun Barkeshly, Hassan Khosravizadeh, China’s Oil Needs Affect its Iran Ties / 7 Mohammad-ali Movahhed, Behroz Beik Alizadeh, Ali Emami Meibodi, Seyed Mohammad-ali Tabatabaei, Afshin Javan, Hamid Abrishami, Mohammad-bagher Heshmatzadeh, Mehdi Nematollahi, Mozafar Jarrahi, Ali / 8 Shams Ardakani, Mohammad Mazreati Layout : Adamiyat Advertising Agency Iran Ranks First in the Middle East in Terms Advertisement Dept : of Transport of Gas / 11 Adamiyat Advertising Agency Tel: 021 - 88 96 12 15 - 16 Energy Intensity Reduction Potentials in OPEC and Its Advantages / 11 Translators: Mahyar Emami, Hamid Barimani Subscription: Hamideh Noori Development of Yadavaran Oilfield Moving on / 26 IRANIAN ASSOCIATION FOR ENERGY ECONOMICS China’s Colorful Presence in Iran’s Petroleum Unit 13, Fourth flour, No.177, Vahid Dastgerdi (Zafar) Ave., Tehran, Iran Tel: (9821) 22262061-3 Industry / 27 Fax: (9821) 22262064 Web: www.IRAEE.org E-mail: [email protected] 1 Oct . 2009 - 119 Rivalries in the
    [Show full text]
  • Iran in the European Gas Market: a Russian Point of View
    NoteNote dede l’Ifril’Ifri Iran in the European Gas Market: a Russian Point of View Igor Tomberg October 2009 Gouvernance européenne et géopolitique de l’énergie The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental and a non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the authors alone. ISBN : 978-2-86592-611-4 © All rights reserved, Ifri, 2009 IFRI IFRI-BRUXELLES 27 RUE DE LA PROCESSION RUE MARIE-THÉRÈSE, 21 75740 PARIS CEDEX 15 1000 - BRUXELLES, BELGIQUE PH. : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 PH. : +32 (0)2 238 51 10 Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] SITE INTERNET : Ifri.org Contents POLITICAL CONTEXT ........................................................................... 2 THE ENERGY CONSTITUENT OF THE “IRANIAN QUESTION”..................... 5 A DIFFICULT CHOICE: PIPELINE OR LNG .............................................. 9 EUROPEAN COMPANIES EXPAND CONTACT WITH IRAN ........................ 12 NABUCCO: A BONE OF CONTENTION IN THE ANTI-IRANIAN COALITION? ...................................................................................... 15 AZERBAIJAN ALONE WILL NOT SAVE NABUCCO ................................. 18 CENTRAL ASIA IS BIDING ITS TIME .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Gas Market Review 2009
    NAturAL GAS MARKet REVieW 2009 Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available at www.iea.org/about/ copyright.asp INTERNATIONAL ENE R G Y A GENCY 2009 NAturAL GAS MARKet REVieW The global economic crisis has not spared the gas sector. Over the past year, we have moved from a tight supply and demand balance with extremely high gas prices to an easing one with plummeting gas prices. Since the last quarter of 2008, demand has been declining dramatically, essentially because of the global recession. Yet significant new volumes of liquefied natural gas will come on stream within the next few years, and the United States’ unconventional gas production has risen rapidly, with global consequences. It remains to be seen how these demand and supply pressures will play out, particularly in the pivotal power sector, in both OECD and non-OECD countries. Meanwhile, the security of gas supplies has once again become a critical issue, in particular in Europe after it experienced its worst supply disruption during the Russian- Ukraine crisis in January 2009. Moreover, the current market climate of weakening demand, lower prices and regulatory uncertainties added to the tough financial environment are likely to jeopardise investments, in particular in capital-intensive projects, further undermining long-term energy security in the most fundamental way when economies recover. The Natural Gas Market Review 2009 looks at these and other major developments and challenges in the different parts of the gas value chain in a selection of IEA countries – the United States, Canada, Spain, Norway, the Netherlands, and Turkey – as well as in non-IEA member countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Southeast Asia, and China.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Energy Sector in Iran in Light of Energy Trilemma. an Analysis of Legal and Policy Challenges
    Development of Energy Sector in Iran in Light of Energy Trilemma. An Analysis of Legal and Policy Challenges Mohammad Mohsen Masjedi ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora.
    [Show full text]
  • Iran Auto Industry
    Iran Auto Industry 2 June 2016- Bruegel By: Mohsen Pakparvar Senior Expert Head of Energy & International Economics studies group Institute for Political and International Studies (IPIS) Ministry of foreign affairs Islamic Republic of IRAN E-mail: [email protected], 1 Content IRAN AT GLANCE IRAN’s Economics Index IRAN Auto Industry IKCOIKCO Vs.Vs. ISAIPASAIPA GroupGroup Opportunities and suggestions Iran’s Spare Parts Industry IRAN The Cyrus Cylinder is a document issued by Cyrus the Great and known as The First Charter of Human Rights. Persepolis 500 BC 5 A Country for All Seasons Mount Damavand Tehran I.R.IRAN at glance Official name Islamic Republic of Iran Head of State President H.E. Dr. Hassan Rouhani National Day 11th of February (Islamic Revolution of Iran-1979) Capital Tehran Area 1,648,196 sq km Land 4,137 km boundaries Sea 2,700 km (Including the Caspian Sea) boundaries River 1,918 km boundaries Border Afghanistan, Azerbaijan , Armenia, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, countries Turkmenistan +9 sea neighbors Mostly arid or semi-arid, temperate along Caspian coast and Climate mountainous temperate along west and north-west. Petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, Natural resources copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur Land use: Arable land 300,000 sq. Km 18.2% Meadows and 900,000 sq. Km 54.6% pastures Forest and 120,000 sq. Km 7.3% woodland Other 258,000 sq. Km 15.7% Irrigated land 70,000 sq. Km 4.2% Population 78.03 million (2015) Population growth 1.30% (2015) rate Iran at glance 3 Muslim 99.56% Religions Zoroastrian, Christian
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Energy and Emission Control Strategies for Iran
    Development of Energy and Emission Control Strategies for Iran Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines DOKTORS DER WIRTSCHAFTWISSENSCHAFTEN (Dr. rer. pol.) von der Fakultaet für Wirtschaftswissenschaften der Universität Fridericiana zu Karlsruhe (TH) genehmigte DISSERTATION von M.E. Nasrin Rostamihozori Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 14. Februar 2002 Referent: Prof. Dr. O. Rentz Korreferent: Prof. Dr. G. Nakhaeizadeh 2002 Karlsruhe I am grateful to the numerous persons who have commented on various portions of this study, as it was developed and to Prof. Dr. O. Rentz for his advice. I thank Prof. Dr. G. Nakhaeizadeh and Prof. Dr. U.Werner for taken over the responsibility of referees. Nasrin Rostami hozori March 2001 Development of Energy and Emission Control Strategies for Iran CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... I 1 ENERGY ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENT IN IRAN............................................ 1 1.1 Situation of the Country and Economic Development ................................................... 1 1.1.1 Geography Overview .................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Population...................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 The Structure of the Iranian Economy .......................................................................... 3 1.1.4 Economy Policy Framework........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Sanctions Iran and Regional Energy Geopolitics
    Publication: 5 Eng./ February 2016 Post-Sanctions Iran and Regional Energy Geopolitics Alternatif Plaza, Kızılırmak Mah. 1446 Cad. No: 12/37 Kat: 10 Çukurambar / Ankara Tel: +90 312 220 00 59 Faks: +90 312 220 00 87 www.tenva.org Twitter.com/TENVA_ Facebook/TENVA Linkedin.com/TENVA Plus.google.com/TENVA Serhan ÜNAL Publication: 5 Eng./ February 2016 Post-Sanctions Iran and Regional Energy Geopolitics Serhan ÜNAL About The Author “This publication may be reproduced in part for educational or non-profit purposes without special - permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior Serhan Ünal was graduated from the de permission in writing from Turkish Energy Foundation.” partment of International Relations at Bilkent University. He received his MSc.- degree from the Middle East Technical Türkiye Enerji Vakfı (TENVA) University, with his thesis about Europe- anisation of the Turkish electricity market. Currently, he is a PhD. Candidate at the de Address: Alternatif Plaza, Kızılırmak Mah. partment of International Relations of the 1446.Cad. No:12/37 Kat:10 Çankaya, ANKARA same university. Ünal has articles and book Phone: 0 312 220 00 59 chapters published. Fax: 0 312 220 00 87 Website: www.tenva.org E-mail: [email protected] Twitter.com/TENVA_ Linkedin.com/TENVA Facebook/TENVA Graphic Design www.medyatime.gen.tr 0312 472 86 12 Printing Ankara Copyright@2015 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................7 1) INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................10 2) IRANIAN ENERGY SECTOR .................................................................................15 16 2.A) Oil Sector .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • IRGC Stages Massive Military Exercise
    WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 12 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 42nd year No.13723 Wednesday JULY 29, 2020 Mordad 8, 1399 Dhul Hijjah 8, 1441 11 individuals convicted Six U.S. mayors urge Hadi Saei chosen as Venice Film Festival for disrupting Iran’s Congress to block Trump head of Iran’s Athletes’ picks three movies currency market 3 federal deployment 10 Commission 11 from Iran 12 Iran’s foreign debt falls 4.1%: CBI TEHRAN – The latest report published External debt is the portion of a coun- IRGC stages massive by the Central Bank of Iran (CBI) puts the try’s debt that is borrowed from foreign country’s foreign debt at $8.655 billion at lenders including commercial banks, the end of the first quarter of the current governments or international financial Iranian calendar year (June 20), down institutions. These loans, including inter- 4.16 percent from $9.031 billion at the est, must usually be paid in the currency See page 3 end of the previous year, IRNA reported. in which the loan was made. From the total foreign debt, $7.163 Foreign debt as a percentage of Gross billion was mid-term and long-term debts Domestic Product (GDP) is the ratio be- military exercise while $1.492 billion was short-term debts, tween the debt a country owes to non-res- the report confirmed ident creditors and its nominal GDP. Post-coronavirus world order ‘not entirely Western’, Zarif predicts TEHRAN – Iranian Foreign Minister sation with English-speaking audience Mohammad Javad Zarif has predicted from Tehran on Monday, Zarif said the that the post-coronavirus world order past 30 years have constituted one of the would not be totally Western anymore, most turbulent junctures in the world’s saying that Western countries have failed history, which has been marked with var- to develop a proper understanding of the ious wars as well as cataclysmic changes realities on the ground.
    [Show full text]
  • The Outlook for Natural Gas, Electricity, and Renewable Energy in Iran
    The Outlook for Natural Gas, Electricity, and Renewable Energy in Iran Pooya Azadi *, Stanford University Arash Nezam Sarmadi, National Grid Ali Mahmoudzadeh, University of British Columbia Tara Shirvani, World Bank Group Working Paper No. 3 April 2017 * [email protected] About the Stanford Iran 2040 Project The Stanford Iran 2040 Project is an academic initiative that serves as a hub for researchers all around the world—particularly scholars of the Iranian diaspora—to conduct research on economic and technical matters related to the long-term development of Iran and to evaluate their possible implications in a global context. The project encourages quantitative and forward-looking research on a broad array of areas relating to Iran's economic development. It seeks to envision the future of the country under plausible scenarios. The sectors that will be covered within the first phase of the project include the economy, energy, water, environment, food and agriculture, and transportation. The project has been co-sponsored by the Hamid and Christina Moghadam Program in Iranian Studies and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford. Stanford Iran 2040 Project Encina Hall East, Room E017 Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6055 www.iranian-studies.stanford.edu/iran2040 Disclaimer The Stanford Iran 2040 Project is an academic initiative with the sole objective of promoting scientific collaboration in economic and technical areas related to the long-term sustainable development of Iran. The project does not advocate or follow any political views or agenda. The contributors are selected solely based on their research skills; the center is not aware of, and not responsible for, the political views of the contributors and affiliates.
    [Show full text]