Please cite this paper as: OECD (2017), “A review of the policy framework for tourism marketing and promotion”, OECD Tourism Papers, 2017/01, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/096d0ace-en OECD Tourism Papers 2017/01 A review of the policy framework for tourism marketing and promotion OECD Please cite this paper as: OECD (2017), “A review of the policy framework for tourism marketing and promotion”, OECD Tourism Papers, 2017/01, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/096d0ace-en OECD Tourism Papers 2017/01 A review of the policy framework for tourism marketing and promotion OECD This policy paper is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and the arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD countries. The publication of this document has been authorised by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Director, Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Local Development and Tourism. This document, as well as any [statistical] data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. This document has been declassified on the responsibility of the Tourism Committee under the OECD reference number CFE/TOU(2016)3/FINAL. © OECD 2017 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. 2 © OECD – A REVIEW OF THE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION ABOUT THE OECD The OECD is a multi-disciplinary inter-governmental organisation of 35 member countries which engages in its work an increasing number of non-members from all regions of the world. The Organisation’s core mission today is to help governments work together towards a stronger, cleaner, fairer global economy. Through its network of 250 specialised committees and working groups, the OECD provides a setting where governments compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice, and co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. ABOUT THE TOURISM COMMITTEE This policy paper was prepared by the OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Local Development and Tourism, as part of the Tourism Committee’s Programme of Work. The Tourism Committee, created in 1948, acts as the OECD forum for exchange, and for monitoring policies and structural changes affecting the development of domestic and international tourism. Addressing the major challenges faced by the tourism industry, and maximising tourism’s full economic potential, requires an integrated and multi-faceted approach to tourism policy development across many government levels and departments. In this environment, OECD members see considerable benefit in co-operating to address economic, sustainability and employment issues, and promote tourism policy performance and evaluation, innovation and liberalisation of tourism. A closer co-operation with major emerging economies is also seen as being critical to achieving a strong impact with this work. The website of the Tourism Committee (www.oecd.org/cfe/tourism/) provides detailed information about the OECD activities on tourism. © OECD – A REVIEW OF THE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Peter Haxton and Taekyeong Jung co-ordinated and led the drafting of this report, under the direction of Alain Dupeyras, Head of the OECD Tourism Unit, and with the support of David Adam (expert to the Secretariat). The report benefitted from significant contributions from 16 countries: Australia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. VistiDenmark co-hosted an OECD workshop on tourism marketing and promotion in June 2016, bringing together policy makers and practitioners for an in-depth policy dialogue and analysis of targeted country case studies. 4 © OECD – A REVIEW OF THE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary and key policy messages ............................................................................................................. 7 Towards new models for effective tourism marketing and promotion ...................................................... 11 Funding mechanisms for tourism marketing and promotion ..................................................................... 12 New and diverse funding sources ........................................................................................................... 12 Tourism-related taxes fees and charges .................................................................................................. 14 Targeting high potential tourists and markets ........................................................................................ 15 Identifying new partnership opportunities for tourism marketing and promotion ..................................... 17 Enhancing traditional partnerships ......................................................................................................... 17 Cross border partnerships ....................................................................................................................... 17 New digital media strategies ...................................................................................................................... 19 Identifying new digital partnership opportunities .................................................................................. 20 Measuring the impact of digital campaigns and social media ................................................................ 22 Evolving governance structures for tourism marketing and promotion ..................................................... 25 Enhancing co-ordination ........................................................................................................................ 25 Rationalisation and integration ............................................................................................................... 28 References .................................................................................................................................................. 31 Boxes Box 1. Visit Britain - The GREAT campaign match-funded..................................................................... 13 Box 2. VisitSweden AB – a public private partnership ............................................................................. 13 Box 3. The Baltic States: Prioritising key long-haul markets .................................................................... 16 Box 4. Cross border partnerships ............................................................................................................... 18 Box 5. Turismo de Portugal: 100% digital marketing strategy .................................................................. 19 Box 6. Canada – Social media and the Millennial Travel Program ........................................................... 21 Box 7. VisitDenmark and Airbnb - “Come & Be part of it”...................................................................... 21 Box 8. VisitDenmark: The meaning and value of social media metrics .................................................... 23 Box 9. The German National Tourist Board .............................................................................................. 27 Box 10. Atout France ................................................................................................................................. 27 Box 11. Destination Canada – Implementing a whole-of-government-approach ...................................... 28 Box 12. NBTC - Holland City ................................................................................................................... 28 Box 13. Rationalisation and integration leading to innovation .................................................................. 29 © OECD – A REVIEW OF THE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION 5 6 © OECD – A REVIEW OF THE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM MARKETING AND PROMOTION Summary and key policy messages Summary and key policy messages It is an increasingly challenging time for the tourism industry worldwide. Global economic growth prospects have clouded recently, easing to around 3% in 2015, well below the long-run average. A further sharp slowdown in emerging market economies is weighing on global activity and trade and subdued investment and productivity growth is checking the momentum of the recovery in advanced economies. Despite the slowing of the world economy, tourism has demonstrated impressive growth, making a significant contribution