! !kc I s H L &r- : { iT. ( I The Manfeilong pagoda. Xic Jmt t\D FoUNDER: sooNc cHl[Q ^tl!!q. l{l'r-E,..tt{N_Y4I:!F.Nl r,r-elr1oa!:!_99tlsHED MoNTHLv By THE qH1NA WELFARE INSTITUTE IN ENGLISH, SPANISH, FRENCH, ARABIC, GERMAN, PORTUGUESE ANO CUIXES} vol. xxxt No. 4 APRIL 1982 Artlclq of tho Month CONTENTS Success Through Self-Study Culture ond Art P.8 Marco Polo on Screen 24 For monf Ioung people, po.- Ambassadors of Peace and Friendship 31 ticulorly those who lost the op- Background on I'rlarco Polo in China 32 portunity lor higher educotion From Ballet to Folk Dance 47 during lhe 'culturol revolution,' self-study hos opened the doors Economy to greoter knowledge ond pro. Readjusting the Machine-Building lndustry IJ lessionol odyonce. New Petrochemical Complex at Liaoyang 34 A Factory That Produces Fish 66 Drawnwork and Embroidery bz Reodjusting the Building lndustry p. 13 Youth Achievements Through Self-Studv 8 Through reorgonizotion, technieol Confident Girl I1 innovotion ond conuerting mony A Daughter frorn Nowhere 59 plonts to serYe consumer-goods production, Sports lhe mqchine-building industry is re-orienting to meet Sports Surge in 1981 4 the new demonds of Chino's Year's Top Ten Athletes Picked 6 economy. Agriculture/Friendship r_T."" ^ " . !'l.j- .r" Understanding About Pigs 56 The Mystery [oke: top Nur p. 18 History,/Archoeology The Great Navigator 16 How three survey teoms erplored the inhospitoble Lop Nur region Chino's northwest, some Ancient Kingdom on the 'Foof of the World 64 in solving mysteries thot hove puzzled scientists for oyer o Science,/Medicine cenlury. Probing the Mystery Lake: Lop Nur 1B China Oonstructs Miniature Flockets 40 Medical Briels: Controlling Filariasis: Occupational 60 Diseases: High-Altitude Surgery: Correcting a Bare Birth Defeci Across the Lond Historic Temple Fair 41 Xishuangbanna Today 48 Morco Polo on Screen p. 24 Tropical Forest Preserve 6B A Plant That Bites 69 Seyen centuries olter Venetion Morco Polo visited the court of Kubloi Khon, on internotionol tecrm of Columns ond Speciols filmmokers is bringing the story of his odventuies To Our Reaciers. Learning frorr Histo!'y to TV screens oround the world, The Chinese octor On Our 30th Annrversary 54 ploying Kubloi Khon writes of his experiences; the Postbag o Itolion director, the Americon in the title role ond Cartoons 4 o key Joponese octoi ore inleryiewed. Chinese Cookery: Phoenix Prawns (Feng Wei Xia) 3J Legends and Tales frorn History: King Mu and the Queen Iodoy's Xishuong- Mother of the West 70 Language Corner. Lesson l6 bonno p. 48 Beijing Niujie Mosque 71 The poce of develop- Couer Pictures ment hos increosed in Front: Marco Polo (Ken Marshall) with Kublai Khan one of Chino's no- (YinO Huocheng) in the TV film Marco Polo. tionol minority oreos Back: 'Plum Blossoms' (traditional Chinese painting) in the subtropicol Guan Shahyue southwest. Ediioriol Ollice: Woi Wen Building, Eeijing (37), Chlno Chino Rconstructs (USPS No.659-85O) is published monthly for USf800 per yeor Cotiler "CHIRECON" Beijins. by Chino Reconstructs, Woi Wen Building, Beijing (37), Chino. Second closs postoge Generol Diitribstor: GUOJI SHUDIAN, poid ot Son Froncilco, CA. P.O. Box 399, Beiiing, Chino. Postmoster: send oddress chonges to Chino Books ond Periodicols, l^c,, 2929 24ah Street, Son Froncisco, CA 941'lO, rr I . Tffi &UR REAMERS " f N this issue we include two pages of photo-coverage owing to r-ightist and }eftist opportunist lines before f of the 30th anniversary celebration oI CtrlINA a rralid way f<irward was found. Toward the end of RECONSTRUCTS held in the Beijing home of its World War II, under the ieadership of Mao Zedong, late founder and leader, Soong Ching Ling (Mme. a thorough review of past struggles was made and Sun Yat-sen). Our work thus far; achievements as the "Resolution on Certain Questions in the History rr,,el1 as setbacl<s and difficulties, was briefly ieviewed of Our Pariy" was adopted, outlining the course to in the lead article oi our January issue, "Three Dec- establish arrd build a n€&'-democratic China. It proved ades Mirroring the New China." Sumlning up the valid. The War of Liberation, which was originally past heips us see our way forward more clearly and expected to last ten years or longer, was won in only confidently. three and a half years. The Chinese people stood up. To use history as a mirror to learn from is an The New China was born. ancient tradition of the Chinese peopie. For a country qINCE the foundi.nfl of. the People's Republic, the like ours, which has kept historical records year by U task has been €ven more tundamental and arduous year ever since 841 B.C. something unique among - the socialist transformation of the country. The nations -- this is only natural. From the rernote pas[, -. achievements have beeri great, the setbacks serious, historical records were called ji.un \btoaze' mirror) in inciuding the gravest, the "cultural revolution." China, and we have a proverb iian utang zhi !ai, mean- ,{gain, a close look was takeu at the mirror of history. ing that reflecting r:n the past can help one see what Last year, after a long nationwide discussion, the "Re- is to come. solution on Certain in the History of Our To do so, and do it in a tirnely way. is all the Questions Party Since the Founding of the PRC" was adopted more irnlrcrtant in this fast-moving modern age, when (in our October 1981 issue, ive presented highlights). China is confronted with entirely new circunestanEes The ciocument, an honest and realistic reckonlng of and tasks. She can take no other country as a model both successes and nristakes, mapped out a well-rea- in material and moral development, though of course soned path ior socialist modernization suited to the she can benefit from the experience of others. She actuai conditions of China. has had to find her own way, often at high cost' The Resolution was follow-ed by an important on China's economy made by Premier Zhao I N 1911. the great revolutionary Dr. Sun Yat-sen report I succeeded, after many seibacks, in overtirrorving Ziyang to the }trational People's Congress, advancing a.en-point the Qing dynasty. thus wiping out China's 2,000- a policy for future economic constrr.rction year-old feudal monarchy. But the co ry still re- (sec our March issne for an outline). It was a conclu- mained serrii-feudal and semi-colonial. Late in life' sion from the experience of the past 32 years. summing up his experiences; Dr'. Sun was able to Wh,ere the path. seented to end, barred bg Iay down a correct line lor the Chinese revolution of hzll and stream, uillage came in uiero, with shadE the time --one of cooperation with the Chinese Com- Another munist Party and advancing the interests of the peas- willows und. bright flcuers. ants and workers. This resulted in the overthrow These lines from a famous l2th century poern of the imperialist-backed wailorils irt 1925-27. niay be said to depict the present mood of the Chinese After Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the ailiance, the people. Once more, a searching look at history's mir- Chinese Comrriunists regrouped their forces and carried ror has 'given a new perspective for confident on the revolution, Again they suffered many setLacks advance tr CIIINA RECONSTNUCTS Achievements and Errors their countries. China has never im- proved so quickly in technology as she Wen Tianshen's article on the is doing toCay. Gezhouba project was excellent. I I hope your mhgarine will tell readers will watch the performance of this that China has awakened and that she dam over the next few years with can not only follow interest. and catch up with the advanced but can rnake inventions. Also interesting was the article by India-China Contact productron ANNE.IIIAR]E DEROZIER Peng Xianchu on brigades. Mcntfarset, Frunce Both India and China are great coun- I think it is a very good idea to ',(,ork tries. They have glorious pasts and to a quota and sell what is ieft. How promising futures. But there is a big does the responsibility system work in :r More Depth Needed communication gap. Apart from other bad season? Is the production quota avenues; past cultural heritage and the reduced b"*- the state? I Erm irripressed with tlre beauty of present developments can be com- Also liked "Summing Up: Mao Ze- the rnagazine, bspecially the pictures municated through a magazine like dong, Cultural Revolution, and 32 Years and the drverse aspects of China yours. Greater opportunities and easy of New China". At least the Chinese presented. access should let people in both coun- Communist Party admits mistakes and Horvever. your articles eoutrj be a bit tries visit each other. and thus stronger, learns from them. The "cultural rev- more prr.t{cund in rreating the real more abiding ties between ihe two olution" was irrational but the Chinese complexi'iies oI your revolution and the countries can be cernented. Communist Party's succession to power iElplernsntetion of Marxisi-Leninist S. B. COENKA u,as not. thou.ght. It helps us in the West to see Calcutta, India ALEXANDER FLEMINCi realistically how you are u/resiling with Barnet, Ettglond complex and iropurrtant qirestions. TENNANT C. WRIGHT More on Politics Saqta Claru, Mount Emei Co,, U.S.-4. I hope you will print rnore about Chinese politicel life. Chairman Ye Our tharrks to Guo Zhusong tor his Jianying's "Elaborations on Polictr beautiful "Nlarvellous Sights on Mount Student Readers in Ghana Concerning Return of Taiwan to the Emei" irr the August 1981 issue" My Motherland and Peaceful Reunitica- whole famiilz enjoyed descriptions I am a head e-f a sctrool vzhere rnost his students tion" the November 1981 issue q'as of views, plants, anirnals and na- are readers of your -wonderful in the magazine, timely and helpful" tural optical phenomena.