National Symbols of the Philippines with Declaration
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Happy Independence Day to the Philippines!
Happy Independence Day to the Philippines! Saturday, June 12, 2021, is Philippines Independence Day, or as locals call it, “Araw ng Kasarinlan” (“Day of Freedom”). This annual national holiday honors Philippine independence from Spain in 1898. On June 12, 1898, General Emilio Aguinaldo raised the Philippines flag for the first time and declared this date as Philippines Independence Day. Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa designed the flag of the Philippines, which is famous for its golden sun with eight rays. The rays symbolize the first eight Philippine provinces that fought against Spanish colonial rule. After General Aguinaldo raised the flag, the San Francisco de Malabon marching band played the Philippines national anthem, “Lupang Hinirang,” for the first time. Spain, which had ruled the Philippines since 1565, didn’t recognize General Aguinaldo’s declaration of independence. But at the end of the Spanish-American War in May 1898, Spain surrendered and gave the U.S. control of the Philippines. In 1946, the American government wanted the Philippines to become a U.S. state like Hawaii, but the Philippines became an independent country. The U.S. granted sovereignty to the Philippines on July 4, 1968, through the Treaty of Manila. Filipinos originally celebrated Independence Day on July 4, the same date as Independence Day in the U.S. In 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal changed the date to June 12 to commemorate the end of Spanish rule in the country. This year marks 123 years of the Philippines’ independence from Spanish rule. In 2020, many Filipinos celebrated Independence Day online because of social distancing restrictions. -
Philippines's Constitution of 1987
PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:44 constituteproject.org Philippines's Constitution of 1987 This complete constitution has been generated from excerpts of texts from the repository of the Comparative Constitutions Project, and distributed on constituteproject.org. constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:44 Table of contents Preamble . 3 ARTICLE I: NATIONAL TERRITORY . 3 ARTICLE II: DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES PRINCIPLES . 3 ARTICLE III: BILL OF RIGHTS . 6 ARTICLE IV: CITIZENSHIP . 9 ARTICLE V: SUFFRAGE . 10 ARTICLE VI: LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT . 10 ARTICLE VII: EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT . 17 ARTICLE VIII: JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT . 22 ARTICLE IX: CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS . 26 A. COMMON PROVISIONS . 26 B. THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION . 28 C. THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS . 29 D. THE COMMISSION ON AUDIT . 32 ARTICLE X: LOCAL GOVERNMENT . 33 ARTICLE XI: ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS . 37 ARTICLE XII: NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY . 41 ARTICLE XIII: SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS . 45 ARTICLE XIV: EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS, CULTURE, AND SPORTS . 49 ARTICLE XV: THE FAMILY . 53 ARTICLE XVI: GENERAL PROVISIONS . 54 ARTICLE XVII: AMENDMENTS OR REVISIONS . 56 ARTICLE XVIII: TRANSITORY PROVISIONS . 57 Philippines 1987 Page 2 constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:44 • Source of constitutional authority • General guarantee of equality Preamble • God or other deities • Motives for writing constitution • Preamble We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution. -
Respecting Our Flag
Respecting Our Flag Our Flag — the Sun and Stars — is the living symbol of our country, the Philippines. It is the emblem of our nationhood, of what we have been, of what we are, and of what we hope to be. In our flag are crystallized our common aspirations as Filipinos and our collective vision for our country's future. This booklet contains important and instructive materials and information including The Flag Code, Scouting Practices in Respecting the Flag, History of our Flag, Dos and Don'ts with our Flag, Disposal Ceremony for worn-out Flags, Flag Facts, and many more. All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the Boy Scouts of the Philippines. Freedom, where trumpets sounded, Called you where battle roared The battle done The fame you won Hallows your sacred sword. For your home wears laurel; Your brothers tell your fame, And safe from fears or future years Bless every hero's name. Beneath your colors fighting You faced the cannon's roar You dared the grave Like heroes brave To save your native shore. ~ Fernando Ma Guerrero 1 INTRODUCTION Our Flag - the Sun and Stars — is the living symbol of our country, the Philippines. It is the emblem of our nationhood, of what we have been, of what we are, and of what we hope to be. In our flag are crystallized our common aspirations as Filipinos and our collective vision for our country's future. As the symbol of our country, our flag should be accorded due respect and honor. -
2116-3514-1-PB.Pdf
philippine studies Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines The Mediterranean Connection William Henry Scott Philippine Studies vol. 37, no. 2 (1989) 131–144 Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email or other means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users may download and print articles for individual, noncom- mercial use only. However, unless prior permission has been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a journal, or download multiple copies of articles. Please contact the publisher for any further use of this work at [email protected]. http://www.philippinestudies.net Philippine Studies 37 (1989):131-44 The Mediterranean Connection WILLIAM HENRY SCOTT When Magellan's ships and survivors left Philippine waters in 1521 following his death in Mactan, they proceeded to Borneo where, at the mouth of Brunei Bay, they seized a ship commanded by a Filipino prince who fifty years later would be known as Rajah Matanda. He was quietly released after bribing the Spanish commander, but seventeen others of his company were retained for their value as guides, pilots or interpreters or, in the case of three females, for other virtues. One of these was a slave who could speak Spanish or, more accu- rately, "a Moor who understood something of our Castilian language, who was called Pazeculan."l A later account identifies this slave as a pilot and a Makassarese who, "after having been captured and passed from one master to another, had wound up in the service of the prince of L~zon."~His special linguistic proficiency may have been the result of the vicissitudes of his captivity, and so may his faith, since Makassar did not adopt Islam until the next century. -
110116 Ancient Entrepreneures
1 Ancient Pinoy entrepreneurs Pilipino Express • Vol. 2 No. 17 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada September 1, 2006 History books tell us that Ferdi- nand Magellan discovered the Philip- pines in 1521. The familiar story says that he landed in the Visayas and soon met his end when he tangled with Lapulapu in the Battle of Mactan. Because the books all tell us that Magellan discovered the Philippines, many people assume that the Philip- pine Islands were somehow isolated from their neighbours. We have an image of pre-colonial Filipinos just minding their own business, perhaps doing a little trading with visiting Chinese merchants, when suddenly, the Spaniards show up, claim the is- lands for their empire and drag the natives into the modern world. This idea is probably a remnant of the co- lonial eras of Spain and the United States when the people really were cut off from their neighbours in South East Asia due to the protectionist trade practices of the two successive occu- piers. However, it wasn’t like that before the Spaniards arrived. Some of the places where pre-colonial Filipinos did business Filipinos in Southeast Asia Europeans had already met some other Tagalogs to also settle in China mentioned that Luzon traders Filipinos at least ten years before Ma- Malacca. Regimo was not just a sim- had done business there before. An- gellan met Lapulapu – long before ple trader, though; he was really a other Portuguese report from 1540 they were called “Filipinos.” The Por- business tycoon. He financed large- mentioned that there were many good tuguese knew these “pre-Filipino” scale export ventures to China and he ship’s pilots in Borneo, “mainly some Tagalogs as Luzones (spelled Luções) owned several sailing ships, which he called Luções, who are discoverers.” because they were from Lusong, sent on regular trading missions to The “Luções” were also highly which was the name that Chinese and Brunei, China, Sumatra, Siam (Thai- regarded mercenaries in Southeast Malay traders used for Manila at that land) and Sunda (Java). -
The National Anthem, "Lupang Hinirang" Composed by Julian Felipe on June 12, 1898 Language: Tagalog English Version
The national anthem, "Lupang Hinirang" Composed by Julian Felipe on June 12, 1898 Language: Tagalog English Version Bayang magiliw, perlas ng silanganan. Land of the morning Alab ng puso, sa dibdib mo'y buhay. Child of the sun returning Lupang hinirang, duyan ka ng magiting With fervor burning Sa manlulupig, di ka pasisiil. Thee do our souls adore. Sa dagat at bundok, sa simoy at Land dear and holy, sa langit mong bughaw, Cradle of noble heroes, may dilag ang tula at awit Ne'er shall invaders sa paglayang minamahal. Trample thy sacred shores. Ang kislap ng watawat mo'y Ever within thy skies and through thy clouds tagumpay na nagniningning. And o'er thy hills and seas; Ang bituin at araw niya Do we behold thy radiance, feel the throb kailan pa may di magdidilim. Of glorious liberty. Lupa ng araw, ng lualhati't pagsinta, buhay ay langit sa piling mo. Thy banner dear to all hearts Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi, Its sun and stars alright, ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo Oh, never shall its shining fields Be dimmed by tyrants might. The national anthem vocal midi (instrumental) ♫ ║ ► ║ ♫ Hit the (midi) arrowbutton to hear the instrumental version "Lupang Hinirang", why composed in 1898? The period before liberty; Liberty, brought by the Americans? In 1521 the Spanish period started with the arrival of a After 327 years under Spanish rule, the Spanish-American small fleet in the coastal waters of Cebu island. After a War ended the Spanish colonial period. The Filipinos period of struggle, the organized resistance of the locals thought that they won independence in 1898. -
Publications
Publications RISING OF THE NATIONAL FLAG by: Donna May S. Baltazar Teacher III, Orani National High School Parang - Parang We see it almost every day, flying and waving across the sky. We conduct ceremonies every Mondays and Fridays to put it up and bring it back down. But how do we all know our own flag? The newer generation might take it for granted because it seemed to be just a piece of cloth with colors in it. But in order to attain even just the rights to be able to rise our flag many lives were sacrificed. Blood was shed to the soil of our mother land just so we can have a symbol of our independence. The Philippine flag have under gone some changes through out the years. From the one sewn by Filipino expatriates in Hong Kong when General Emilio Aguinaldo was there in exile. When the general returned to the country on May 28, 1898, to rally the troops for battle against the Spanish forces in Cavite, the flag was used as a revolutionary standard. The first flag was consisting of three colors, blue, white, and red with three stars and a sun with a face. A month later on June 12, 1898, the historic waving of the Philippine flag on Aguinaldo’s residence on Kawit, Cavite, making the proclamation of independence from the Spanish regime. This flag was used from 1898 to 1907. When Aguinaldo was captured and the Philippine Republic was abolished in 1901, the American insular government declared that with the Filipino officers either captured or withdrawn, the Philippines was hence forth under the sovereignty of the United States of America. -
Philippines, March 2006
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Philippines, March 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: PHILIPPINES March 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas). Short Form: Philippines (Pilipinas). Term for Citizen(s): Filipino(s). Capital: Manila. Click to Enlarge Image Major Cities: Located on Luzon Island, Metropolitan Manila, including the adjacent Quezon City and surrounding suburbs, is the largest city in the Philippines, with about 12 million people, or nearly 14 percent of the total population. Other large cities include Cebu City on Cebu Island and Davao City on Mindanao Island. Independence: The Philippines attained independence from Spain on June 12, 1898, and from the United States on July 4, 1946. Public Holidays: New Year’s Day (January 1), Holy Thursday (also called Maundy Thursday, movable date in March or April), Good Friday (movable date in March or April), Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor, commonly called Bataan Day outside of the Philippines, April 9), Labor Day (May 1), Independence Day (June 12), National Heroes Day (last Sunday of August), Bonifacio Day (celebration of the birthday of Andres Bonifacio, November 30), Eid al Fitr (the last day of Ramadan, movable date), Christmas Day (December 25), Rizal Day (the date of the execution by the Spanish of José Rizal in 1896, December 30). Flag: The flag of the Philippines has two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a white equilateral triangle based on the hoist side; in the center of the triangle is a yellow sun with eight primary rays (each containing three individual rays), and in each corner of the triangle is Click to Enlarge Image a small yellow five-pointed star. -
National Report for the Convention on Biological Diversity
The Clearing-House Mechanism of the Convention on Biological Diversity 1 TH National Report for the Convention on 6Biological Diversity 2 Table of contents Section I. Information on the targets being pursued at the national level ...................................................................................... 4 Section II. Implementation measures, their effectiveness, and associated obstacles and scientific and technical needs to achieve national targets........................................................................................................................................................................ 39 Section III. Assessment of progress towards each national target ............................................................................................... 96 Section IV. Description of national contribution to the achievement of each global Aichi Biodiversity Target ............................... 123 Section V. Description of the national contribution to the achievement of the targets of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation .......................................................................................................................................................................... 128 Section VI. Description of the national contribution to the achievement of the targets of indigenous peoples and local communities........................................................................................................................................................................... 131 Section -
Critical Historical Consciousness & Decolonizing for Filipinx American
Critical Historical Consciousness & Decolonizing for Filipinx American Undergraduates Dalya Amiel Perez A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2020 Reading Committee: Joe Lott, Chair Rick Bonus Kara Jackson Joy Williamson Lott Program Authorized to Offer Degree: College of Education 1 ©Copyright 2020 Dalya Amiel Perez 2 University of Washington Abstract Critical Historical Consciousness & Decolonizing for Filipinx American Undergraduates Dalya Amiel Perez Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Joe Lott College of Education This study seeks to understand how undergraduate Filipinx Americans develop historical consciousness and what the impacts of this are on their racial identity. The roots of Filipinx American historical erasure date back to colonization of the Philippines, both Spanish and U.S. occupations of the Philippines and continue to have a damaging effect on Filipinx Americans today (Leonardo & Matias, 2013). Evidence of this erasure is apparent in the absence of U.S. Philippine history from textbooks as well as the general absence of anything related to Filipinx Americans in contemporary pop culture or dominant narratives. Another form of erasure is in the invisiblity of Filipinx Americans under the racial category of Asian. This monolithic racial category obstructs possibilities to examine unique experiences, successes, and challenges Filipinx Americans as well as many other Asian groups face (Teranishi, 2010). In sum, the legacy of historical erasure, starting with colonization in the Philippines and the invizibilizing of Filipinos as Asian are factors that explain contemporary struggles for Filipinx Americans in higher educational contexts. My research seeks to examine the relationship between these phenomena and to explore what happens when Filipinx American undergraduates engage in learning critical colonial history. -
FOURTEENTH CONGRESS of the ) REPUBLIC of the PHILIPPINES ) Second Regular Session 1
FOURTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) Second Regular Session 1 Introduced by Senator Richard J. Gordon EXPLANATORY NOTE The Philippine flag was sewn by the revolutionary junta in Hong Kong and first displayed in battle on May 28, 1898. It was formally unfurled during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898 by President Emilio Aguinaldo. Article XVI, Section 1 of the Constitution provides: "The flag of the Philippines shall be red, white, and blue, with a sun and three stars, as consecrated and honored by the people and recognized by law. !, The law governing the design, manner of display, and observance of respect for the Philippine flag is Republic Act No. 8491, enacted fittingly in 1998 or on the centennial of Philippine independence. The design adopted the mythical sun (with a face) common to many former Spanish colonies; the.triangle of Masonry; the eight rays representing the first eight provinces that revolted and were put under martial law by the Spaniards during the start of the Philippine Revolution in 1896, namely: Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Manila, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Tarlac. There are three stars representing the three major geographical divisions of the country: Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao. Not only does the flag represent principles of sovereignty and solidarity of the Philippine nation, it embodies the ideals and traditions of the Filipino people developed over the course of national history. Of history we refer to the period before the arrival of the Spanish up to the present, centuries replete with stories of struggles for independence and victory against colonizers. -
Care of the Postcolonial Self: Cultivating Nationalisms In" the Philippine Readers"
Instructions for authors, subscriptions and further details: http://qre.hipatiapress.com Care of the Postcolonial Self: Cultivating Nationalisms in The Philippine Readers Roland Sintos Coloma1 1) Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Canada Date of publication: October 28th, 2013 Edition period: October 2013 – February 2014 To cite this article: Coloma, R. S. (2013). Care of the Postcolonial Self: Cultivating Nationalisms in The Philippine Readers. Qualitative Research in Education, 2(3), 302-327. doi: 10.4471/qre.2013.30 To link this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.4471/qre.2013.30 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE The terms and conditions of use are related to the Open Journal System and to Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY). Qualitative Research in Education Vol.2 No.3 October 2013 pp. 302-327 Care of the Postcolonial Self: Cultivating Nationalisms in The Philippine Readers Roland Sintos Coloma University of Toronto (Received: 27 August 2013; Accepted: 6 October 2013; Published: 28 October 2013) Abstract The article examines the cultivation of revolutionary nationalisms and the construction of postcolonial subjectivities under a foreign regime. The analysis centers on The Philippine Readers, one of the longest published and most widely adopted reading series for elementary students in grades 1 to 7 in the Philippines from the 1920s to the 1960s. Due to its use and scope, the Readers significantly impacted the development of Filipino mind, character, teaching, and learning for generations. The article mobilizes Michel Foucault’s notion of care of the self, whereby individuals undergo intensive self-scrutiny through texts that serve as manuals for living.