DOCSLIB.ORG

Use Button Head for the Title

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Use Button Head for the Title Journal of Environmental Solutions Volume 2 (Issue 1) (2013): 1-8 Journal of Environmental Solutions Averroes Publisher METALLIC CONTAMINATION OF THE OCCIDENTAL MEDITERRANEAN COASTS OF MOROCCO (COASTAL FRINGE “KABILA - OUED LAOU”), USING Callista chione KHANNOUS SOUMAYA1; BOUZID SAIDA1; BENOMAR MOSTAPHA2; ER-RAIOUI HASSAN 1* 1Geosciences and Environment team - Department of Earth Sciences - Faculty of Sciences and techniques, Tangier, Morocco 2 Laboratory of Chemical Micropollutants, National Institute of Halieutic Research, Tangier, Morocco * Corresponding author. Er-raioui Hassan E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +212 5 39 39 39 54 A B S T R A C T Keywords: In order to study the metallic contamination of the western Mediterranean coasts of Morocco, bivalve samples metallic contamination (Callista chione) were collected during the pluvial period from five sites (Kabila, Cabo Negro, Oued Malleh, Oued Occidental Moroccan Mediterrane- Laou and Oued Laou River's mouth) and were analyzed for 6 elements (Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr and Cd) by ACP-AES. an coasts The average of metallic concentrations found (62.52 mg/kg for Zn, 16.23 mg/kg for Ni, 5.57 mg/kg for Cu, 2.21 Callista chione mg/kg for Pb, 1.50 mg/kg for Cr and 0.28 mg/kg for Cd) are far away from being considered as negligible even though industrial and harbor activities are less developed in this region compared to industrial countries. The concentrations show significant spatial variations. It seems that these variations are related to urban dis- missals from close agglomerations and from the washing of the geological formations of the back-country. I. INTRODUCTION The intensity of human activities in areas surrounding enclosed seas and semi-enclosed seas, such as the Mediterranean Sea, has always had a significant environmental impact resulting in coastal and marine degradation. Today, the coast of large industrial con- centrations shows the most disturbing marine forms of degradation. However, the Mediterranean coast which represents 1 % of the surface of the global ocean is a vast inland sea (Burns & Saliot, 1986). It is a fragile and vulnerable ecosystem and also corresponds to a semi-enclosed sea where the waters are renewed slowly (15 years for deep water) (Hopkins, 1978). The waterflow is greatly hampered by the Strait of Gibraltar. Such a closure worsens the impact of a rapidly expanding population. The Mediterranean coast of Morocco, economically rich, ecologically fragile, is an exceptional place for marine life by the multitude of animal and plant species that breed there. With its 512 km of coastline, it is characterized by a significant marine biodiversity, including a large amount of specific species (Belcaid, 2010). The areas at most risk are undoubtedly those located near to the Strait of Gibraltar where North and South meet and where major cities make up the Moroccan coast. The ports of Tangier, M'diq (Tetouan) and Nador with industrial releases are other sources of pollution, as well as those emissions in fishing areas. The areas receive a significant amount of both industrial and urban waste; in addition to that generated by tourism and maritime activities (Er-Raioui et al., 2012). There are many sources of water pollution and they are an ongoing problem in Morocco, which manifests particularly in irrigated perimeters and areas of economic activity. Among the causes of water pollution, are included industrial units, mainly concentrated in and around cities, and among these industries, some are recognized pollutants. Two types of industries can be distinguished: (1) those whose discharges are essentially organic and (2) those whose discharges contain toxic elements. Emissions correspond to ordinary organic substances, organic products of synthesis, hydrocarbons, minerals, heavy met- als, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorides, sulphates, cyanides, and arsenic salts. In summary, table 1 sums up some examples of industrial and agricultural sources which may introduce metals in the environment (Othmer, 1995). Table 1. Industrial and agricultural sources of metals in the environment. Uses Metals Batteries and other electrical appliances Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni, Pigments and paints Ti, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Mn, Sn, Cr, Al, As, Cu, Fe Alloys and solders Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Mn, Sn, Ni, Cu Biocides (pesticides, herbicides, curators) As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Sn, Zn, Mn Catalyst agents Ni, Hg, Pb, Cu, Sn Glass As, Sn, Mn Fertilizers Cd, Hg, Pb, Al, As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn Plastics Cd, Sn, Pb Dental and cosmetic products Sn, Hg Textiles Cr, Fe, Al Refineries Ni, V, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn Fuels Ni, Hg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd 1 Khannous et al. The coast of Tetouan (occidental Mediterranean), which is the subject of this study, is experiencing urbanization and rapid industri- alization, as well as important port and tourist activity. Domestic pollution is the main source of contamination in the area. First, the wastewater is discharged without any treatment, neither in the rivers that flow into the coastline (Oued Martil, Oued Smir and Oued Laou) nor directly into the sea. The second source of pollution comes from industrial units in the region, mainly from the industrial area of Martil. The volume of wastewater released at the coastline in question is more than 50 000 m3/day; draining more than 21.5 t/d oxidizable matter, and more than 83.85 t/d of suspended solids. These waters are also responsible for metal emission (Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb). The load is heavy in lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel, which show high concentrations in some places (Er-Raioui et al., 2012). Trace metal elements (TME) are one of the main chemicals that cause degradation of the water quality. Indeed, the contamination of the coastal ecosystem by these elements is a major problem in environmental toxicology. Unlike organic pollutants, some TME are practically not a subject of biodegradation. They can accumulate then in the food chain to reach toxic levels (Cumont, 1984) and generate critical, even dangerous situations (Serghini et al., 2001). In natural aquatic ecosystems, metals are found at low concentrations, typically in nanograms or micrograms per liter. However, in recent decades, the presence of trace metal concentrations above natural charges has become a serious problem due to the rapid population growth, the increased urbanization and the expansion of industrial activities. Regarding the toxicity of metals, it is necessary to distinguish between the essential and non-essential elements. A metal is consid- ered essential if the disease symptoms appear when its concentration decreases or is absent and disappears when it is added. It also requires that the symptoms are associated with a biochemical defect (Förstner & Wittmann, 1979). However, an essential element can be toxic when present in excessive concentrations. According to these criteria, 17 metals are considered essential, including four (Na, K, Ca and Mg) which are present in large quantities (>1 mmol.kg-1 fresh weight), while the other thirteen (As, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, Sn, V and Zn) are present in trace (from 0.001 to 1 mmol.g-1 fresh weight) or ultra-trace (<1 μmol.kg-1 fresh weight) amounts (Mason & Jenkins, 1995). Non-essential metals have, unlike the essential ones, no biological role currently known. This is the case for Hg, Ag, Cd and Pb (Mason & Jenkins, 1995). They are considered harmful when they are present in the environment and cause deleterious biological effects at very low concentrations. To assess the state of metallic contamination at the coast of Tetouan for public health and protection of aquaculture areas, this pre- liminary study was carried out for some metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb), primarily by use of a quality monitoring network of coastal waters using bivalve molluscs. These are used as indicators of metal pollution because of their great accumulation power. Often, it is possible to detect the presence of trace metals in molluscs, even when their concentrations in water are very low, highly variable or difficult to determine by routine chemical analysis (Mazlani et al., 1994). Molluscs have the capacity to accumulate contaminants directly from the environment (BCF) or by other means (e.g. food) to levels well above the level of contamination of the physical environment (water, sediment). Therefore, bio accumulative species are used frequently in monitoring networks (biomonitoring) for the quality of the marine environment (Amiard et al., 1998). In addition, the region has large reserves of shellfish, represented mainly by species such as Acanthocardia Tuberculata, Callista Chione, Venus and Galina Donax Trunculus. Clams represent the most sought bivalves in wide geographical distribution (Shafee, 1999). In addition, the monitoring of coastal metal contamination by bivalve organisms is a common practice in many monitoring programs around the world. For example, one famous site program called "Mussel Watch", which is the oldest continuous monitoring program of contaminants in coastal waters of the United States, uses bivalve tissues as indicators of several parameters including organic and inorganic contaminants, and trace metals in particular. In France, the National Network of Observation marine environmental quality (RNO) uses bivalve organisms to evaluate the safety of the French coast. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS II.1. Study area The studied area is localized in the Northwest of Morocco at the western part of the Mediterranean Sea. It corresponds to the fringe between Kabila and Oued Laou (figure 1). From a geological point of view, the western Mediterranean coasts are bordered on both sides by alpine chains known as Rifo-Betic- Kabyle, consisting of Paleozoic detritic lands, not or slightly metamorphosed, and generally having a clay, sandy and marly nature. The area is also made up of pleated and metamorphosed ultrabasic lands, essentially formed by peridotites, kinzigites, gneiss and micaschists (Michard et al., 2006 and Suter, 1980).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 14. CONTRIB. MARRUECOS.Indd
    Acta Botanica Malacitana 34. 295-3022009 Málaga, 2009295 CONTRIBUCIONES A LA FLORA VASCULAR DE MARRUECOS (15) 15. CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONOCIMIENTO DEL GÉNERO JUNCUS L. (JUNCACEAE) EN EL NORTE DE MARRUECOS Carlos ROMERO ZARCO Recibido el 27 de enero de 2009, aceptado para su publicación el 8 de junio de 2009 Publicado "on line" en junio de 2009 Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Juncus L. (Juncaceae) in North Morocco Palabras clave. Juncus, Juncaceae, Marruecos, Rif, corología . Key words. Juncus, Juncaceae, Morocco, Rif, chorology. Con ocasión de la revisión del material vecino para entender la nuestra, se incluyen del género Juncus para el proyecto Flora en este trabajo algunas citas interesantes y Iberica (Romero Zarco, 2008) se ha revisado comentarios críticos que completan, confirman también parte del material marroquí conservado o corrigen los de la obra citada. en varios herbarios españoles. Entre dicho Los datos que aportamos aquí se material hay numerosos pliegos utilizados en el refieren, en su mayor parte, a los dos grupos Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Nord du más conflictivos del género: 1) La sección Maroc... (Valdés et al., 2002), obra que citamos Ozophyllum Dumort. (subgen. Septati en estas notas como el Catalogue. También Buchenau), cuyas numerosas especies siguen se ha podido consultar parte del material siendo confundidas en la actualidad a pesar recolectado en las campañas de recolección de la existencia de buenas monografías, y 2) de 2004 y 2005, y que han sido citados en la sección Tenageia Dumort., incluyendo el varias notas florísticas. Dada la complejidad grupo de especies relacionadas con J. bufonius, del género y el gran interés de la flora del país donde a los errores de identificación se suman Trabajo financiado por el Plan Andaluz de Investigación de la Junta de Andalucía (RNM204) y por la Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica a través del proyecto Flora iberica VII (CGL2005- 05471-C04-01).
    [Show full text]
  • Maroc : La Production De Cannabis Dans Le
    Février 2002 - N° 13 OBSERVATOIRE FRANÇAIS DES OFDT DROGUES ET DES TOXICOMANIES TraficDrogues international Bulletin mensuel MAROC : LA PRODUCTION sud, les communes de Mokrisset et de Zoumi. À ces deux provinces tra- DE CANNABIS DANS LE RIF ditionnelles s’ajoutent les zones de développement récent des cultures: Les dérivés du cannabis sont les drogues illicites les plus consommées les provinces de Tétouan au nord, de en France et en Europe. Selon le récent rapport Drogues et dépendan- Larache à l’Ouest et de Sidi-Kacem ces. Indicateurs et tendances de l’OFDT1, un individu sur cinq entre 18 au Sud. Dans cette dernière, l’ex- à 75 ans les ont expérimentées. Chez les jeunes arrivant à l’âge adulte, tension des cultures se fait aujour- la moitié des garçons déclare en avoir déjà consommés « et cette pro- d’hui au détriment de périmètres portion atteint même 54,9 % à 18 ans et 60,3 % à 19 ans »2. irrigués de bonnes terres loués par des paysans de Bab Berred et de Ketama. Un tel marché, qui représente des 200, voir 300 habitants au km2 dans millions d’individus, sous-entend certaines zones rurales. La popula- Étendue des superficies des importations importantes même tion des provinces de Al Hoceima de culture. si en France, comme dans le reste du (65 % de ruraux) et de Chefchaouen monde, on observe le développe- (90 % de ruraux) est passée au cours Il est très difficile d’avoir une esti- ment des cultures en intérieur. Selon des 28 dernières années de 620000 mation précise de l’ampleur des l’OCRTIS3, en 2000, les saisies de habitants à 1 140 000, soit de 71 cultures et plus encore du volume haschisch (ou résine de cannabis) se personnes au km2 à 1 636.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimation of Road's Exposure to Floods in the Province of Larache
    ogy eol & G OPEN ACCESS Freely available online G e f o o p l h a y s n r i c u Journal of Geology & Geophysics s o J ISSN: 2381-8719 Research Article Estimation of Road’s Exposure to Floods in the Province of Larache, Morocco Meryem El Boukhari1*, Saida El Moutaki1, Abdessamad Ghafiri1, Hassan Oulidi Jarar2 and Khalid El Ouardi3 1Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geomatic and Environment, Ben Msick Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco; 2Hassania School of Public Works, Casablanca, Morocco; 3Mapping Technologies, Consulting Engineers Office, Rabat, Morroco ABSTRACT Generally, the road infrastructure suffers from significant damage caused by natural disasters (flood, earthquake, etc.). In particular, the Kingdom of Morocco experienced several interruptions of the road network during previous floods. In this sense, paper presents a new method for estimating the exposure’s degree of the road infrastructure to the risk of flooding. This method has been applied to the province of Larache. Based on the flood history, a model is developed to define areas exposed to flood hazard and deduce the exposure’s degree of each road to floods. Several results are obtained allowing a detailed mapping of flood risk in the province of Larache. Keywords: Flood hazard; Road network; Exposure; Larache; Mapping INTRODUCTION of exposure: high or moderate. While [13] derives the flood risk map from the geographical representation of the estimated water Flooding is a natural phenomenon that affects a portion of depth, and defines three levels of flood exposure: low, moderate the territory and creates risk for installations and humans [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Activité 2: Aménagement Du Territoire Dans Un Contexte De Haut Risque
    Document V1.0 Actions de la Fondation Ayesa au titre de l’activité 2 PRAVEMA Activité 2: Aménagement du territoire dans un contexte de haut risque Action 1: Définition du contexte de haut risque pour la population TABLE DES MATIERES 1. Introduction................................................................................. 1 2. Portée de l'étude. .......................................................................... 2 2.1. Critères de délimitation de la zone d'étude. .............................................. 3 2.2. Etude hydraulique simplifiée............................................................... 4 2.3. Zones du bassin historiquement inondables. ............................................. 6 2.4. Délimitation de la zone d'étude............................................................ 8 3. Organisation administrative................................................................ 9 3.1. Démographie ............................................................................. 10 3.2. Données socioéconomiques ............................................................. 15 4. Définition des contextes à haut risque d'inondation pour la population. ............. 23 5. Utilisation du sol.......................................................................... 29 5.1. Agglomérations principales. Larache et Ksar el Kébir. .................................. 36 5.2. Terrains inondables de l'Oued Loukkos entre le barrage Oued El Makhazine et son embouchure à Larache. ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Some Local Varieties of Fig Tree (Ficus Carica L.) in Oued Laou Region of Morocco El Oualkadi A*, Hajjaj B*
    International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) Vol-4, Issue-5, Sep-Oct- 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.45.41 ISSN: 2456-1878 Characterization of some local varieties of fig tree (Ficus carica L.) in Oued Laou region of Morocco El Oualkadi A*, Hajjaj B* *INRA- Regional Agricultural Research Center of Tangier, Morocco Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract— A Prospection was conducted at the Oued laou region of Morocco in order to evaluate the existing genetic resources and collect the local fig cultivars of the zone. As a result, a total of 121 different accessions were collected and studied for preliminary variety identification, which was confirmed on the basis of biometric observations. Several synonymies and homonymies were detected. A total of 13 different cultivars were identified. Comparison of the ecotype shows the high significatif difference. Conservation of the local cultivars is highly recommended. Keywords— fig tree, genetic resources, biometric analysis, Oued Laou, Morocco. I. INTRODUCTION by contributing to identify and collect minor or neglected Common fig (Ficus carica L.) is an fruit crop cultivated in varieties that in many cases had local names, and were Mediterranean countries since antiquity. Common fig is unknown in others. Pomological parameters description considered, together with grape (Vitis vinifera L.) and has been carried out in order to identify the studied olive (Olea europaea L.), classical fruit trees associated varieties. with the beginning of horticulture in the Mediterranean Basin [1], and consequently it is one of the earliest II. MATERIAL AND METHODS domesticated fruit tree species [2] ; [3]; [4].
    [Show full text]
  • Map 28 Mauretania Tingitana Compiled by M
    Map 28 Mauretania Tingitana Compiled by M. Euzennat, 1995 Introduction Map 1a Fortunatae Insulae Map 28 Mauretania Tingitana The Mediterranean coast of Mauretania was regularly visited from the seventh century B.C. onwards, first by Phoenician (later Carthaginian) sailors on their way west to Spain. At the same time, the merchants of Gades (Map 26 D5) explored the Atlantic coast as far as the island of Mogador, today firmly identified as Cerne (Map 1a C2), which served as a trading station for two centuries as well as from time to time thereafter. The map attempts to reflect the current views of geologists and geographers on the nature of the physical landscape in antiquity, particularly in the Atlantic coastal plains (Desanges 1978, 111-12, 134; Euzennat 1989, 98-103; EncBerb 20 Gharb). Little is known of the organization of the interior, occupied by warlike Moorish tribes, before the middle of the second century B.C. when it came to be ruled by King Bocchus and his descendants. Eventually, in 33, the entire kingdom of Mauretania somehow passed to the Romans, who established three colonies, Zilil, Babba (unlocated) and Banasa, spread out between Tingi and the Oued Sebou (ancient Sububus fl.), and sited in part to strengthen links with the two principal centers of the south, Sala and Volubilis. In 25 B.C. Augustus reconstituted the kingdom of Mauretania for Juba. In A.D. 40, however, after the death of Juba’s son Ptolemy, it was divided into two Roman provinces, Mauretania Caesariensis to the east and Mauretania Tingitana to the west.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydromorphological Assessment in North Morocco: the Case of Martil River
    International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 – 4106, P-ISSN 2347 – 5161 ©2021 INPRESSCO®, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article Hydromorphological assessment in North Morocco: The case of Martil River Mehdi Rian* and Ali Berktay Civil Engineering department, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Altinbas University, Istanbul/Turkey Received 10 April 2021, Accepted 02 May 2021, Available online 05 May 2021, Vol.11, No.3 (May/June 2021) Abstract The present study is about an assessment of the Martil River restoration, which crosses Tetouan and Martil city in Northern Morocco. The evaluation compromises rainfall occurrence of 30 years, riparian habitats, and the river flow of 12 years. The rainfall analysis was carried out by the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Only three stations that contain continuous monthly precipitation data were considered. The river health and water quality were determined by the QBR (Riparian Habitat Quality), while the environmental flow was estimated by Tennant method. SPI results show a rainfall increment pattern with regular, extreme, and plentiful downpours causing rough deluges and floods. The ultimate flow result to support the river habitats was found 60% of the natural flow in the main channel. This study highlights the stream’s unhealthy water, which falls within the low-quality water category downstream the river under anthropogenic pressure, while good to excellent quality was scored upstream the watershed. Tennant outcomes were discovered 2.40 m³/s as 30% and 5.51 m³/s as 60%, while 10% of the flow was found to be not adequate for habitats in the Martil River.
    [Show full text]
  • Download ##Common.Downloadpdf
    Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics ISSN 2345-4695 2021, 9(1), 202–229 ENTREPRENEURIAL PROJECTS’ RISK FACTORS IN MOROCCO Laila Kadmiri Sara Ben Yakoub Hicham Achelhi Management, Law, Intercultural and Social Mutations Laboratory, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco E-mail: [email protected] Received March 2021; accepted May 2021 Abstract The main objective of this paper is to establish a comparative study of the different risk factors encoun- tered by companies in the province of Larache in comparison with the province of Tangier and the province of Tetouan in the Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region in Morocco. Various factors have many disastrous effects on the start and continuation of entrepreneurial activity, as the entrepreneur is con- stantly faced with the risk of failure, which has a horrifying effect on entrepreneurship. However, the sense of risk may reflect an entrepreneur’s ability to affect his or her decision in the different phases of project creation. This risk can be human, strategic, financial, technical, legal, personal and environmen- tal, etc. The creation of projects is characterized by risk-taking, and much research has been conducted to understand briefly the risks that a company may face and their factors. The results show that the business environment is favourable in large provinces characterized by the high number of new busi- nesses founded each year, in contrast to the small provinces the life cycle. Thus, the study showed that the business environment is favourable and motivating, the more the entrepreneur would be enthusias- tic. The human, financial, and legal success factors for these companies are nearly identical in all three regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Legend of a Nomad English U
    1 2 Legend of a Nomad Alex Mero 3 Original title: Legend of a Nomad © Alex Mero, 2010 Author / Publisher ISBN: 978-1-4475-8954-9 Official Website: http://www.alexmero.com Official Blog: http://www.alexmeroblog.com 4 5 Synopsis Prologue 1. Inner Power - Miracle - Perception - Contemplation - Choice 2. Higher Knowledge - Quest - Sign - Sincerity - Emotion 3. Wondrous Mystery - Pattern of Habit - Deed - Curiosity - Alternative 4. Creative Power - Observation - Inspiration - Reality - Energy 5. Natural Harmony - Accordance - Union - Memory - Alertness 6. Impelling Energy - Openness - Relation - Silence - Imagination 6 7. Perfect Cohesion - Comprehension - Rebellion - Destiny - Thought 8. Unlimited Trust - Conviction - Awakening - Beauty - Message 9. Increased Lucidity - Involvement - Conscience - Deepest Will - Pure State 10. Unending Well - Attention - Patience - Tranquility - Assignment 11. Comprehensive Wisdom - Essence - Clarity - Change - Connectedness 12. Final Redemption - Promise Epilogue Word Of Thanks Author 7 Synopsis ―Legend of a Nomad‖ is an inspiring search for the true rapture of life. It is a fascinating travel story elucidating the concept of destiny, as viewed from different cultural visions and existing philosophies. This book describes in a very special way the phenomenon that is created when knowledge and intuition are merged, causing a mysterious energy to appear, a power giving us both insight and confidence in tomorrow. This adventure story shows us how this power makes us aware of the deeper meaning of each event and how it can encourage us to explore the unknown. Those whom this book moves will reflect its message onto their own lives and become more aware of their unique place within the big picture. ―Legend of a Nomad‖ is a very special book with the capacity to inspire readers and really influence destinies.
    [Show full text]
  • Réduction De La Pollution Marine Par Les Déchets Plastiques
    ACTIVITÉ NATIONALE DE WES AU MAROC SOUTIEN A LA SURVEILLANCE ET A LA GESTION DES DECHETS MARINS AU MAROC (WES N-E-MO-2) Réunion de démarrage (par vidéo-conférence) Contexte général et actions entamées pour l’appui à l’activité Presenté par: Mr. Mohamed El Bouch – Directeur du Laboratoire National des Etudes et de Surveillance de la Pollution, Secrétariat Général, Département de l'Environnement, Ministère de l'Energie, des Mines et de l'Environnement - Maroc LDK Consultants Engineers & Ce projet est financé Planners SA par l’Union européenne Ministre de l’Energie, des Mines et de l’Environnement -Département de l’Environnement- DECHETS MARINS AU MAROC Programmes et Activités de surveillance MOHAMMED EL BOUCH Directeur du Laboratoire National des Etudes et de Surveillance de la Pollution LDK Consultants Engineers & Ce projet est financé Planners SA par l’Union européenne INTRODUCTION Littoral du MAROC Un écosystème RICHE &VARIÉ • Patrimoine commun vital et très varié sur un linéaire côtier d’environ 3500 km (500 Km Méditerranée) • Population du littoral : 3,8 M,Ha • Diversité remarquable en matière de: - Couleur ( Blanc / doré / noir) - Granulométrie ( Grossier / Moyen / Fin) PLAN de L’EXPOSE o INTRODUCTION o DÉCHETS DU LITTORAL : PRESSIONS ET GESTION o PROGRAMMES ET ACTIVITÉS LIÉS À LA SURVEILLANCE : o PROGRAMME DE SURVEILLANCE DU SABLE (Y COMPRIS LES DÉCHETS MARINS) o PROJET PILOTE « ADOPTER UNE PLAGE » o PROJET PILOTE « PÊCHE AUX DÉCHETS » o Projet SWIM-H2020 o PROGRAMME IMAP MAROC : OE 10. o MOROCCO PROBLUE : LITTORAL SANS PLASTIQUE
    [Show full text]
  • MOROCCO Cannabis Survey 2004
    ROYAUME DU MAROC LE PREMIER MINISTRE AGENCE POUR LA PROMOTION ET LE DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL DES PREFECTURES ET PROVINCES DU NORD DU ROYAUME Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43 1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43 1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org MOROCCO Cannabis Survey 2004 Executive Summary 2004 May 2005 Abbreviations APDN Agence pour la Promotion et le Développement Economique et Social des Préfectures et Provinces du Nord du Royaume CRTS Centre Royal de Télédétection spatiale DPAE Direction de la Programmation et des Affaires Economiques du Ministère de l’Agriculture, du Développement Rural et des Eaux et Forêts Dh Moroccan Dirham GPS Global Positioning System ICMP Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme LARATES Laboratoire de Recherches et d’Analyses Techniques et Scientifiques, Gendarmerie Royale UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime $ United States dollars Acknowledgments The following institutions and individuals contributed to the implementation of this survey and to the preparation of the present report: Government of Morocco: APDN : Direction des Affaires Administratives et Financières Direction des Opérations Département de la Coopération Internationale Département des Secteurs Productifs CRTS Centre Royal de Télédétection spatiale DPAE : Division des Statistiques et de l’Informatique LARATES : Département Analyses et Prélèvements, Gendarmerie Royale Association TARGA The implementation of this survey would not have been possible without the support of the local administration of the prefectures
    [Show full text]
  • Les Interactions Entre Tourisme Rural Et Produits De Terroir Dans Le Rif Marocain (Provinces De Chefchaouen Et Ouezzane)
    ATELIER PROFESSIONNEL MASTER 2 ETUDE DU DÉVELOPPEMENT Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Avec Laboratoire LITOPAD, Université Mohammed V, Rabat LMI MediTer, IRD 2018 RAPPORT FINAL DU VOYAGE D’ÉTUDE AU MAROC Les interactions entre tourisme rural et produits de terroir dans le Rif marocain (provinces de Chefchaouen et Ouezzane) Sommaire Introduction. Présentation et thème de l’atelier professionnel du Master 2 EDEV……2 Chapitre 1. Cadrage et problématique de l’étude…………..…...…………........4 Cadrage général et contexte de l’étude Déroulement de l’atelier, démarche et méthodes Principaux questionnements et hypothèses Chapitre 2. Etat de l’art, synthèses bibliographiques…….………….…….….21 Synthèse bibliographique : Monographie des provinces de Chefchaouen et Ouezzane dans la région de Tanger-Tétouan-Al Hocéima Synthèse bibliographique : Processus de décentralisation et acteurs locaux au Maroc Synthèse bibliographique : L’agriculture dans les provinces de Chefchaouen et Ouezzane Synthèse bibliographique : Tourisme et Développement territorial dans les provinces de Chefchaouen et Ouezzane Chapitre 3. Principaux résultats à l’issue du travail de terrain…..…....…...80 Chefchaouen et Ouezzane, deux « terroirs » aux dynamiques contrastées Les politiques publiques descendantes et initiatives locales : quels effets ? Tourisme rural, produits de terroir et projet de développement local : mythe ou réalité ? Conclusions et perspectives……………………………..…………………………......…143 Annexes…………………………………………………………...…………...….......…146 1 Introduction Présentation et thème de l’atelier professionnel du Master 2 EDEV Le Master 2 pluridisciplinaire « Etude du développement (EDEV) » (géographie, économie, sociologie) porté par l’Université Paul Valéry de Montpellier 31 (https://www.master-edev- montpellier.fra pour objectif de former des spécialistes des questions de développement avec et pour les pays du Sud, aussi bien dans les domaines de la coopération que de la recherche.
    [Show full text]