A Study of the Motion Picture Relief Fund's Screen Guild Radio Program 1939-1952. Carol Isaacs Pratt Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1976 A Study of the Motion Picture Relief Fund's Screen Guild Radio Program 1939-1952. Carol Isaacs Pratt Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Pratt, Carol Isaacs, "A Study of the Motion Picture Relief Fund's Screen Guild Radio Program 1939-1952." (1976). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3043. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3043 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. 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University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St. John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe, Bucks, England HP10 8HR I I 77-10,395 PRATT, Carol Isaacs, 1931- A STUDY OF THE MOTION PICTURE RELIEF FUND’S SCREEN GUILD RADIO PROGRAM 1939-1952. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1976 Mass Communications Xerox University Microfilms,Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 © 1 9 7 6 CAROL ISAACS PRATT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED A STUDY OF THE MOTION PICTURE RELIEF FUND'S SCREEN GUILD RADIO PROGRAM 1939-1952 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Speech by Carol Isaacs Pratt B .S., Black Hills State College, 1954 M, A ., University of South Dakota, 1959 D e ce m b er, 1976 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my mother, M rs. Belle R. Isaacs, and to Dr. Jay K. Springman and Dr. Clinton W. Bradford whose understanding, assistance and encouragement made this dissertation possible. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writer would like to take this opportunity to thank the many people who assisted in the completion of this study. A very special thank you, to Mr. Harry Ackerman, Mr. George Bagnall, Ms. May Hoffman, Ms. Shirley Isler, Mr. Harry Kronman, Mrs. Rosella Towne Kronman, and Mr. Tom Lewis, not only for their invaluable assistance, but for sharing their time, their memories, and most of all their friendship with the author. A thank you also to Mr. Norman Corwin, Mr. Bing Crosby, Mr. Ray Erlenborn, Mr. Max Herman, Mr. John Jacobs, Mr. Gene Kelly, Mr. Claude L. McCue, Mr. Jess Oppenheimer, Mr. Austin Peterson, Miss Rosalind Russell, Dr. Jules Stein, Mr. Cliff Thorsness, Mr. Edward Truman, Mr. Harry Von Zell and the late Mr. Taft Schreiber for their help in compiling information for this study. I would also like to express my appreciation to my advisor, Dr. Clinton W. Bradford, and the members of my committee, Dr. Billy J. Harbin, Dr. Mary Frances Hopkins, Dr. John H. Pennybacker, and Dr. Everett L. Timm for their kindness, assistance and suggestions, and to the staff of the Louisiana State University Library for their cooperation and aid in my research. CONTENTS DEDICATION............................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................... iii CONTENTS................................................................................................................. iv ABSTRACT................................................................................................................. v INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER I. THE MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION RELIEF FUND AND COUNTRY HOUSE: 1918-1976 ......... ......................................... 7 II. THE GULF SCREEN GUILD THEATRE ......................................... 80 in. THE LADY ESTHER SCREEN GUILD PLAYERS ...................... 135 IV. THE CAMEL SCREEN GUILD PLAYERS.. ................... 167 V. SCREEN GUILD PLAYERS--THE SUSTAINING YEARS 188 VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS........................................................ 203 BIBLIOGRAPHY.................. 222 APPENDIX A.. LOG OF.PROGRAMS..............................................................229 APPENDIX B. ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF THOSE DONATING .THEIR TALENTS TO THE PROGRAM..........................307 APPENDIX C. PHOTOGRAPHS OF PROGRAM PERSONNEL 325 VITA ............................... 330 ABSTRACT The need for a philanthropic organization first became evident in the Hollywood community during World War I, when many film workers either enlisted or were drafted into the armed forces. As a result of this need the Motion Picture War Service Association was founded in 1918. The conclusion of the war ended the existence of the association, but not the need for such an organization, and in 1924 the Motion Picture Relief Fund of America Incorporated was established with Joseph M. Schenck as its first president. Schenck was followed as president in order by Jesse L. Lasky, Cecil B. De Mille, Carl Laemmle, Mary Pickford, Jack L. Warner, Conrad Nagel, and Marion Davies. Expenditures of the Fund consistently exceeded the income during most of the first fourteen years. In 1938 Jules Stein of the Music Corporation of America presented an idea for raising money for the Fund to Jean Hersholt, newly elected president of that organization, and Ralph Morgan, president of the Screen Actors Guild. Stein's suggestion detailed the production of a radio program to be presented by the motion picture industry with proceeds contributed to the Fund. By that arrangement, actors pledged a minimum of one performance each year to the program. Directors donated their services, and authors and producers allowed the use of their properties gratis to the radio broadcast. The sponsor v of the program in turn paid a predetermined weekly fee to the fund. The first to purchase the Screen Guild radio program was the Gulf Oil Corporation which sponsored the Screen Guild Theatre from the opening broadcast on January 8, 1939, to April 20, 1941, on the Columbia Broadcasting System network. On October 19, 1942, the Screen Guild Players prem iered under the sponsorship of the Lady Esther Corporation. This sponsorship continued on the Columbia Broadcasting System until July 7, 1947. The R. J. Reynolds Company began sponsorship of the Screen Guild Players for Camel Cigarettes on October 6, 1947. The program was to continue under the Camel sponsorship until June 29, 1950, but was moved to the National Broadcasting Company in 1948. During the 1950-1951 broadcast season the program was carried by the American Broadcasting Company on a sustaining basis. The following year the Columbia Broadcasting System carried the show, also on a sustaining basis. During its lifetime the Screen Guild Players had six producers: Tom Lewis, Adrian Samish, Harry Ackerman, Heindrick Booraem, Bill Lawrence, and Harry Kronman. The major script writers included Charles Tazewell, Jess Oppenheimer, Sam Perrin, Bill Hampton, and Harry Kronman. The Screen Guild Players had access to stars who did not appear on other radio program s. The entire range of Hollywood talent and cinema scripts were at the disposal of the producers of the show. v i The final broadcast to be done for the benefit of the Motion Picture Relief Fund was aired on May 30, 1952. Although attempts were made to produce the program on television, the idea did not succeed. During its fourteen