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– apart, together

Gabriela Avram

Introduction to Digital Media 2017 Social Media p the use of web-based and mobile technologies to turn communication into an interactive dialogue.

p "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content.” (Kaplan and Hänlein, 2010) Social Media p Social media are media for social interaction, as a superset beyond social communication. Enabled by ubiquitously accessible and scalable communication techniques, social media substantially change the way of communication between organizations, communities, as well as individuals. (Kietzmann et al, 2011) Social Media p A common thread running through all definitions of social media is a blending of technology and social interaction for the co- creation of value. p http://mashable.com/2011/01/24/the-history-of-social-media- infographic/ Brief history p 1940s — Memex p 1960's — ARPA and Licklider p 1960s — Augmentation p 1970s — Office Automation p 1970s — Electronic Information Exchange System (EIES) p 1980s — Groupware -"intentional group processes plus software to support them”. p 1980s — Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) p 1990's — Groupware -software that integrates work on a single project by several concurrent users at separated workstations 2000s — Evolution of Social Software p It isn't until late 2002 that the term 'social software' came into more common usage, probably due to the efforts of Clay Shirky who organized a "Social Software Summit" in November of 2002. He recalls his first usage of the term to be from approximately April of 2002. p I asked Clay if it was the loss of meaning in the terms 'groupware' that made him choose the term 'social software', and he replied: p "I was looking for something that gathered together all uses of software that supported interacting groups, even if the interaction was offline, e.g. , nTag, etc. Groupware was the obvious choice, but had become horribly polluted by enterprise groupware work." The Web 2.0 hype What is Social Media? p Reflect for 1 minute p Write down a few applications that are part of Social Media p …and a few that aren’t! p Now let’s compare notes! p Tweet your own Social Media definition using the #ixdm17 and the #socialmedia Main Social Media Categories p Blogs p Sites p Microblogs ■ ■ + p Wikis ■ Linkedin

■ p Social curation Diigo ■ Flickr ■ ■ ■ Scoop.it ■ YouTube p Social reviews ■ Digg ■ reddit Blogs

A weblog (a blog) is a web application enabling periodic posts on a common webpage with public access p Posts p Permalinks p Reverse chronological order p RSS (Really Simple Syndication, or Rich Site Summary) p Tools: ■ editing and publishing ■ news aggregators, ■ weblog search tools p Usually belongs to an individual BrownBag Studios - https://www.brownbagfilms.com/labs/show/ category/news Tara Sparling writes - http:// tarasparlingwrites.com/ Best Newcomer Blog in 2014 at Irish Blog Awards

Key concepts : p permalink p comments p links p trackbacks p images p search on blog p archives p audio&video blogging p mobile blogging Other issues related to blogging:

What does it say about me: The Art p Who I am - my permanent p What should I write about? traces on the Net p Finding my own voice p Who are my mentors p The frequency of my posts p Who are my pals p The interaction p What have I produced until now - my portfolio Social Effects p Becoming part of a community p Who reads my blog? Effects p Who writes about me? p Self development p How many readers do I have? p Accountability p Do they ever come back? p Independence p Self-determination p Being in control Who reads my blog? Google Analytics

The reading blogs part p News readers (feed aggregators) p https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_feed_aggregators p RSS in Plain English p https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0klgLsSxGsU p Feedly.com, Digg Microblogging p Micro-blogging is a form of blogging that allows users to write brief text updates (usually 140 characters) and publish them, either to be viewed by anyone or by a restricted group which can be chosen by the user. p These messages can be submitted by a variety of means, including text messaging, instant messaging, email, MP3 or the web. p The content of a micro-blog differs from a traditional blog due to the limited space per message. Many micro-blogs provide short messages about personal matters, commentary on a person-to-person level, or a link dump. p p Identi.ca p p p p (Facebook, Google+ etc.)

Search for #Limerick on Twitter

Wikis p A Wiki or wiki is a website (or other hypertext document collection) that allows users to add content, as on an Internet forum, but also allows anyone to edit the content. p Two core assumptions incorporated in the wiki mechanism: ■ knowledge is transitory, not static ■ the whole is greater than the sum of the parts (through each individual’s contribution, the resulting product is made better and better.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Sheeran

Saturday, 10 Oct 2015, 10:30-15:30, Fab lab Limerick Let’s see:

pA blog is made of …. pA wiki is made of.... pA Twitter account contains ... pA # () can include several... pA post can have .... authors pAn article can have ....authors Social Network Services 1. Social Networking Sites

Social network sites are “web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system.” (boyd & Ellison, 2007) Hundreds available; different categories: p wide-ranging online social networking sites: Facebook, DIASPORA, ; p business networking (LinkedIn, XING) p location or event-based interaction (Swarm, MeetUp, Eventbrite) p dating (, Match.com, OKCupid) Have a read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_dating_service Facebook on Linkedin Social Network Services 2. Social Tagging

Focused on a digital object: pSocial bookmarking - type of online services, allowing users to save and categorize a personal collection of bookmarks; ■ CiteULike, Diigo, Mendeley pPhoto sharing ■ Flickr pAcademic papers p Academia.edu, ResearchGate pNews/gossip/discussion ■ Reddit, Digg, Boards.ie www.diigo.com/user/gabig58

Social Network Services 3.Time and Location Management p Eventbrite.com p /Swarm p Meetup.com p p Amiando p TripAdvisor

Tools

■ Google Maps ■ OpenStreetMaps

Social curation p Pinterest p Scoop.it p Paper.li p storify

What does Social Media offer more than traditional communication tools? p E-mail and instant messaging, discussion lists and forums ■ messages sent to a person or a group ■ short-lived communication ■ destined to a specific, already known, public p The content of weblogs and wikis, the profiles, the tags and the comments left on social networking sites ■ remain available for a longer period of time ■ meant for everybody( or for a group of friends) How is Social Media different: p Social media does not have a finite limit: there are no set number of pages or hours. p The audience can participate in social media by adding comments or even editing the themselves. p Content in social media can take the form of text, graphics, audio or video. Different formats can be mixed. p Social media is typically available via feeds, enabling users to subscribe via feed readers, and allowing other publishers to create mashups. Characteristics of Social Media p participation p collaboration p social p multiple, mixed media p collective intelligence p web as platform p various ways to consume it p the long tail Conclusions p The bottom-up approach of Social Software: ■ encourages responsibility and content ownership ■ opens wide opportunities for collaboration and interaction. p The approach supported is ■ informal, innovative and flexible ■ it really empowers users, bringing the tools to them, and not the opposite. p the significant results of Social Software deployment: ■ the generated content, ■ the social interaction triggered ■ a shared understanding of concepts and facts, ■ a basis for joint actions. p The dangers: p Reduced privacy, big data collection