Scientia Marina 80(4) December 2016, S1-S4, Barcelona (Spain) ISSN-L: 0214-8358

Coral reef fish assemblages at Clipperton Atoll (Eastern Tropical Pacific) and their relationship with coral cover

Aurora M. Ricart, Fabián A. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, Carlos González-Salas, Marco Ortiz, Amílcar L. Cupul-Magaña, Mehdi Adjeroud Supplementary material S2 • A.M. Ricart et al.

Fig. S1. − Evaluation of sampling effort and species richness for fish at the Clipperton Atoll. A, number of observed and estimated species using Chao 1, Chao 2, and Jackknife 2; B, Shannon diversity (H′) accumulation curve; rarefaction curves by site (C) and depth (D).

Table S1. − Reef fish species composition, abundance and rarity at Clipperton Atoll.

Average biomass Total density Species rarity Family Species –2 2 Singletons Doubletons Unique Duplicate (g m ) (ind/1250 m ) species species dermatolepis 59.11 51 Holocentridae Myripristis berndti 46.09 126 Acanthuridae Ctenochaetus marginatus 45.03 217 Carangidae Caranx lugubris 37.07 57 Serranidae labriformis 19.44 30 Acanthuridae Acanthurus nigricans 19.24 132 Kyphosidae Kyphosus elegans 17.91 35 Carangidae Caranx melampygus 15.65 28 Scaridae Scarus rubroviolaceus 14.41 22 Serranidae colonus 11.85 120 Aulostomidae Aulostomus chinensis 10.80 13 Balistidae Sufflamen verres 9.34 17 Labridae Bodianus diplotaenia 7.02 16 Balistidae Melichthys niger 5.24 21 Kyphosidae Kyphosus analogus 5.02 11 Carangidae Caranx sexfasciatus 3.70 6 Kyphosidae Sectator ocyurus 3.48 2 X X Muraenidae Enchelycore octaviana 3.42 12 Mullidae Mulloidichthys dentatus 3.06 34 Acanthuridae Acanthurus triostegus 2.90 30 Pomacanthidae Holacanthus limbaughi 2.53 21 Cirrhitidae Cirrhitus rivulatus 2.14 4 Zanclidae Zanclus cornutus 1.95 27 Lutjanidae Lutjanus viridis 1.84 16 Labridae Thalassoma grammaticum 1.54 105 Ostraciidae Ostracion meleagris 0.78 9 Pomacentridae Stegastes baldwini 0.77 232 Labridae Thalassoma robertsoni 0.73 1042 Tetraodontidae Arothron meleagris 0.70 10 Muraenidae Gymnothorax flavimarginatus 0.58 2 X X Muraenidae Gymnothorax dovii 0.58 2 X X Holocentridae Sargocentron suborbitalis 0.45 4 X Bothidae Bothus mancus 0.44 1 X X Labridae Thalassoma purpureum 0.43 1 X X Labridae Novaculichthys taeniourus 0.40 1 X X Chaetodontidae Johnrandallia nigrirostris 0.25 29 Labridae Xyrichtys wellingtoni 0.17 1 X X Acanthuridae Acanthurus xanthopterus 0.16 2 X X Acanthuridae Acanthurus achilles 0.13 2 X X Blenniidae Ophioblennius steindachneri 0.08 7 Chaetodontidae Forcipiger flavissimus 0.08 18 Cirrhitidae Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus 0.04 19 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster punctatissima 0.023 4 Gobiidae Bathygobius arundelii 0.010 2 X X Labridae Thalassoma virens 0.002 12 X

SCI. MAR., 80(4), December 2016, S1-S4. ISSN-L 0214-8358 Fish assemblage variation at Clipperton Atoll • S3 ) –2 6.34 UCD 12.63 18.59 24.14 29.50 34.84 39.55 44.15 48.69 52.94 56.54 59.91 63.25 66.50 CD 6.34 6.28 5.97 5.54 5.36 5.34 4.71 4.60 4.54 4.25 3.60 3.37 3.34 3.25 UCS 16.21 26.70 35.68 44.30 52.37 58.87 65.13 CS 8.98 8.62 8.07 6.50 6.26 1.52 2.16 3.09 0.33 5.70 1.90 BSB 16.21 10.49 76.68 15.80 17.40 12.43 48.55 24.66 21.78 114.50 B ); BSC, biomass/species (g m ); BSC, biomass/species (g 0.92 3.92 0.00 9.27 2.28 1.67 BSA 76.68 21.78 14.66 48.55 24.66 95.79 49.72 23.81 20.16 16.23 15.59 42.06 97.16 15.64 114.50 –2 the average dissimilarity.

Site B vs Species Site A Species Site B Ctenochaetus marginatus Scarus rubroviolaceus Acanthurus nigricans Dermatolepis dermatolepis Kyphosus elegans Thalassoma robertsoni Caranx lugubris Dermatolepis dermatolepis Ctenochaetus marginatus Caranx melampygus Melichthys niger Sufflamen verres Aulostomus chinensis Kyphosus elegans Paranthias colonus Myripristis berndti Scarus rubroviolaceus Caranx sexfasciatus Zanclus cornutus

7.44 UCD 13.52 19.56 25.34 30.61 35.80 40.66 45.29 49.05 52.80 55.96 59.03 62.08 64.88 67.59 CD 7.44 6.08 6.04 5.78 5.27 5.19 4.87 4.62 3.76 3.75 3.16 3.07 3.05 2.80 2.71 UCS 15.85 30.19 38.40 45.15 51.89 57.86 62.92 67.91 CS 8.21 6.74 6.74 5.98 5.06 4.99 2.47 0.00 0.33 2.16 1.52 3.09 4.88 1.90 1.57 BSB 15.85 14.34 15.80 76.68 48.55 12.43 21.78 114.50 B 0.84 0.51 3.92 2.28 8.97 5.99 7.32 7.44 2.77 2.28 5.06 BSC 31.95 49.72 42.06 23.81 16.23 25.40 16.06 11.02 41.62 13.95 11.98 30.61 ) for site B; CS, percentage of contribution to average similarity; UCS, cumulative –2 Site B vs Species Site A Acanthurus nigricans Dermatolepis dermatolepis Epinephelus labriformis Thalassoma robertsoni Ctenochaetus marginatus Stegastes baldwini Sufflamen verres Melichthys niger Species Site C Dermatolepis dermatolepis Bodianus diplotaenia Caranx melampygus Ctenochaetus marginatus Kyphosus analogus Kyphosus elegans Epinephelus labriformis Myripristis berndti Melichthys niger Caranx lugubris Sufflamen verres Scarus rubroviolaceus Enchelycore octaviana Zanclus cornutus Holacanthus limbaughi

6.65 UCD 13.10 18.91 24.68 29.63 34.49 39.22 43.71 47.59 51.20 54.77 57.73 60.65 63.55 66.31 CD 6.65 6.45 5.81 5.77 4.95 4.86 4.73 4.49 3.88 3.60 3.58 2.96 2.92 2.91 2.75 UCS 11.02 20.18 29.10 36.49 43.23 49.66 55.14 60.61 65.11 CS 9.16 8.92 7.39 6.75 6.42 5.48 5.47 4.50 1.53 3.92 0.00 0.00 1.67 2.94 9.27 BSA 11.02 42.06 95.79 23.81 49.72 16.23 20.16 15.64 31.95 ) for site A; BSB, biomass/species (g m B -2 0.90 5.64 4.47 1.65 2.28 5.99 7.32 7.44 8.97 2.28 2.77 4.47 BSC 41.62 10.09 16.06 30.61 13.95 41.62 25.40 16.06 11.02 11.98 13.95 10.09 similarity; CD, percentage of contribution to average dissimilarity; UCD, cumulative Site A vs Species Site C Ctenochaetus marginatus Acanthurus nigricans Bodianus diplotaenia Myripristis berndti Stegastes baldwini Acanthurus triostegus Kyphosus analogus Paranthias colonus Thalassoma grammaticum Species Site C Epinephelus labriformis Caranx lugubris Ctenochaetus marginatus Dermatolepis dermatolepis Bodianus diplotaenia Sufflamen verres Caranx melampygus Scarus rubroviolaceus Melichthys niger Kyphosus elegans Kyphosus analogus Zanclus cornutus Acanthurus nigricans Enchelycore octaviana Paranthias colonus Table S2. − Results of two-way similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) of reef fish species biomass found at each site the Clipperton Atoll. B, biomass/species (g m − Results of two-way similarity percentage analysis Table S2. for site C; BSA, biomass/species (g m

SCI. MAR., 80(4), December 2016, S1-S4. ISSN-L 0214-8358 S4 • A.M. Ricart et al. 6.51 UCD 12.61 18.51 24.37 29.35 34.14 38.61 43.04 47.43 51.13 54.47 57.58 60.67 63.74 66.75

CD 6.51 6.11 5.90 5.86 4.97 4.80 4.47 4.42 4.39 3.70 3.34 3.11 3.09 3.07 3.01 UCS 11.60 21.90 31.58 40.25 48.30 53.83 59.04 64.18 68.58 CS 9.68 8.68 8.04 5.53 5.21 5.14 4.41 2.37 6.56 0.54 2.61 6.22 1.47 ); B6M, biomass/species ); 11.60 10.30 32.26 44.66 40.76 28.06 14.68 55.06 15.59 B20m 136.53 127.52 –2 B 0.88 0.62 1.47 0.66 0.51 5.08 9.83 2.02 8.98 2.28 5.56 B6m 40.76 32.26 44.66 28.06 30.35 18.28 61.53 15.75 35.93 14.40 11.07 136.53 127.52 20 m vs Species 20 m Dermatolepis dermatolepis Epinephelus labriformis Paranthias colonus Myripristis berndti Kyphosus elegans Stegastes baldwini Ctenochaetus marginatus Johnrandallia nigrirostris Holacanthus limbaughi Species 12 Paranthias colonus Scarus rubroviolaceus Dermatolepis dermatolepis Myripristis berndti Kyphosus elegans Epinephelus labriformis Ctenochaetus marginatus Caranx melampygus Caranx lugubris Aulostomus chinensis Enchelycore octaviana Melichthys niger Acanthurus nigricans Caranx sexfasciatus Holacanthus limbaughi

7.95 UCD 14.30 19.80 24.92 29.86 34.49 38.61 42.53 46.20 49.77 53.10 56.26 59.32 62.34 65.12 CD 7.95 6.34 5.50 5.12 4.94 4.63 4.12 3.92 3.68 3.57 3.33 3.16 3.05 3.02 2.77 UCS 18.00 30.59 42.94 51.81 59.17 65.78 CS 8.87 7.36 6.62 2.61 0.00 2.43 6.56 5.10 2.37 0.62 18.00 12.59 12.35 32.26 28.06 44.66 14.68 40.76 55.06 B20m 127.52 136.53 B 1.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19 0.00 9.39 0.00 B6m 61.53 11.07 30.35 18.28 12.05 51.12 10.01 45.64 18.82 16.77 51.12 15.39 ) at 20 m; CS, percentage of contribution to average similarity; UCS, cumulative –2 20 m vs Species 12 m Ctenochaetus marginatus Acanthurus nigricans Scarus rubroviolaceus Thalassoma grammaticum Dermatolepis dermatolepis Thalassoma robertsoni Species 6 m Myripristis berndti Dermatolepis dermatolepis Paranthiascolonus Acanthurus nigricans Acanthurus triostegus Ctenochaetus marginatus Sufflamen verres Kyphosus elegans Caranx melampygus Epinephelus labriformis Enchelycore octaviana Lutjanus viridis Scarus rubroviolaceus Caranx lugubris Johnrandallia nigrirostris

6.65 UCD 13.23 19.68 25.73 31.19 36.39 41.53 45.87 49.95 53.86 57.66 61.27 64.42 67.24 ) at 12 m; B20m, species biomass (g m CD –2 6.65 6.59 6.45 6.06 5.45 5.20 5.13 4.34 4.08 3.91 3.80 3.61 3.15 2.82 UCS 22.84 38.47 48.12 55.46 62.78 CS 9.65 7.34 7.33 8.98 0.27 8.88 9.83 9.28 1.08 2.11 22.84 15.63 30.35 15.75 35.93 61.53 18.28 11.07 11.90 B12m B 0.45 0.45 6.48 9.39 0.00 4.39 3.02 3.47 4.92 B6m 51.12 10.01 45.64 16.77 15.39 45.64 10.01 18.82 12.05 51.12 average similarity; CD, percentage of contribution to dissimilarity; UCD, cumulative dissimilarity. 12 m ) at 6 m depth; B12M, biomass/species (g –2 vs Table S3. − Results of two-way similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) of reef fish species biomass found at each depth on the Clipperton Atoll. B, biomass/species (g m (g B, biomass/species the Clipperton Atoll. at each depth on reef fish species biomass found of (SIMPER) analysis of two-way similarity percentage Results S3. − Table (g m Species 6m Acanthurus nigricans Acanthurus triostegus Ctenochaetus marginatus Thalassoma robertsoni Stegastes baldwini Species 6 m Melichthys niger Scarus rubroviolaceus Caranx melampygus Caranx lugubris Ctenochaetus marginatus Acanthurus triostegus Sufflamen verres Dermatolepis dermatolepis Acanthurus nigricans Kyphosus analogus Epinephelus labriformis Bodianus diplotaenia Zanclus cornutus Cirrhitus rivulatus

SCI. MAR., 80(4), December 2016, S1-S4. ISSN-L 0214-8358