ESPON BRIDGES Final Report
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
ESPON BRIDGES Balanced Regional Development in areas with Geographic Specificities Applied Research Final Report Annex 2 - Case Study Syntheses Version 02/10/2019 This applied research activity is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Erik Gløersen, Clément Corbineau, Maria Toptsidou, Silke Haarich, Frank Holstein, Christian Lüer, Amparo Montán (Spatial Foresight (Lead Partner) – Luxembourg, France, Germany) Martin Price, Diana Valero, Rosalind Bryce, Jayne Glass (Perth College, University of the highlands and Islands (UHI) – UK) Frédéric Maier, Jacek Walendowski, Ruslan Zhechkov, Laura Roman, Léonor Rivoire, Maialen Perez, Morgane Veillet Lavallée, Nathan Kably, Vanina Choe (Technopolis – Belgium and France) Thomas Streifeneder, Valentina Cattivelli, Francesca Teston (EURAC – Italy) Julien Grunfelder, Luciane Aguiar Borges, Anna Berlina (Nordregio – Sweden) Stephanie Vella, Bernice Amaira (E-cubed – Malta) Alexandre Dubois (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) – Sweden) Franziska Sielker, Phil Allmendinger (University of Cambridge – UK) Benito Giordano (University of Liverpool – UK) Carsten Schürmann (TCP International – Germany) Andrea De Bono, Hy Dao (University of Geneva – Switzerland) Gretar Eythorsson, Hjalti Johannesson (University of Akureyri – Iceland) Marina Blagaić Bergman, Marina Turk (WYG – Croatia) Martyna Derszniak-Noirjean, Erich Dallhammer (Austrian Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Planning (ÖIR) – Austria) Alexandru Ghita (CDUT – Romania) Eduarda Marques da Costa (University of Lisbon – Portugal) Åge Mariussen and Jarle Løvland (Nordlandsforskning – Norway) Lise Smed Olsen (Denmark) Advisory Group Project Support Team: Debbie Cachia, Ministry for European Affairs and Equality (Malta), Hans-Henrik Bull, Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation (Norway), Eleni Zouppouri, Ministry of the Interior (Cyprus) ESPON EGTC: Project Expert: Sandra di Biaggio, Director: Ilona Raugze, Financial Expert: Rosa Martin Lopez Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2018 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. Contact: [email protected] a ESPON BRIDGES Territories with Geographical Specificities Table of contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ vi List of Maps .............................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ........................................................................................................................... viii Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................. x 1 Introduction to case studies ............................................................................................. 13 2 Module 1.1: Innovation – specificity of innovation processes in TGS ........................... 16 2.1 Review of the applied methodology to conduct the case studies ........................... 17 2.2 Presentation of results ............................................................................................ 18 2.2.1 Overview of case study regions and thematic focus ..................................... 18 2.2.2 TGS innovation potential ................................................................................ 20 2.2.3 Main geographic specificity-related barriers to innovation ............................. 23 2.2.4 Governance framework in place to support innovation in the TGS ............... 26 2.3 Innovation policies and relevance for the TGS context .......................................... 28 2.3.1 European level ............................................................................................... 29 2.3.2 National level ................................................................................................. 31 2.3.3 Regional level ................................................................................................ 32 2.3.4 Local level ...................................................................................................... 33 2.4 Conclusions - perspectives - next steps ................................................................. 34 3 Module 1.2: Sustainable tourism – perspectives and strategies in TGS ...................... 36 3.1 Presentation of module theme and research questions ......................................... 36 3.1.1 Definition ........................................................................................................ 36 3.1.2 Overall goal of developing the case studies .................................................. 36 3.1.3 Principles and considerations ........................................................................ 37 TGS perspective ............................................................................................ 37 Focused case studies .................................................................................... 37 3.1.4 Typology of the regions with regards to their progress to sustainable tourism .................................... 37 3.1.5 Identifying pressures from tourism and answers/solutions to these pressures ..................................................... 37 3.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................ 38 3.2.1 Measuring the performance of the tourism sector: indicators ........................ 38 3.2.2 Issues explored/research questions in the case studies ............................... 38 3.2.3 Policy processes / debates the module feed into .......................................... 38 3.3 Presentation of results ............................................................................................ 39 3.3.1 General descriptions of the regions and their assets .................................... 39 Transition regions .......................................................................................... 39 Pre-transition regions ..................................................................................... 40 3.4 Potential for the development of sustainable tourism: drivers and barriers to the development of sustainable tourism in the region. Pressures from tourism. .......... 41 3.4.1 Mountainous areas ........................................................................................ 41 3.4.2 Remote areas ................................................................................................ 42 ESPON 2020 i 3.4.3 Islands ............................................................................................................ 42 3.4.4 Coastal areas ................................................................................................. 43 3.4.5 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 44 3.5 Stakeholders ........................................................................................................... 44 3.5.1 Algarve ........................................................................................................... 44 3.5.2 Danube Delta ................................................................................................. 45 3.5.3 Isernia ............................................................................................................ 46 3.5.4 Norfolk – Suffolk ............................................................................................. 46 3.5.5 North Aegean ................................................................................................. 46 3.5.6 Tatra Mountains ............................................................................................. 47 3.5.7 Tenerife .......................................................................................................... 47 3.5.8 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 47 3.6 Existing policy capacity and policy framework ........................................................ 48 3.6.1 Transition regions .......................................................................................... 49 Norfolk – Suffolk ............................................................................................. 49 North Aegean ................................................................................................. 50 Tenerife .......................................................................................................... 50 3.6.2 Pre-transition region ......................................................................................