DOCSLIB.ORG

Study of Members of Different Tribes of Family Asteraceae with Reference to Stem Anatomy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Study of Members of Different Tribes of Family Asteraceae with Reference to Stem Anatomy I J R B A T, Issue (VIII), Vol. I, Jan 2020: 161-173 e-ISSN 2347 – 517X A Double Blind Peer Reviewed Journal Original Article INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCHES IN BIOSCIENCES, AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY © VMS RESEARCH FOUNDATION www.ijrbat.in STUDY OF MEMBERS OF DIFFERENT TRIBES OF FAMILY ASTERACEAE WITH REFERENCE TO STEM ANATOMY P. K. Tete* and A. A. Fulzele Shri Mathuradas Mohota College of Science, Nagpur – 440009 (M.S.) *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Revision : 11.01.2020 & Communicated : 01.01.19 18.01.2020 Published: 30.01.2020 Accepted : 28.01.2020 ABSTRACT: Asteraceae is one of the widest family in Angiosperms having significant economic values, such as production of oil, ornamental plant, secondary metabolites, etc. In family Asteraceae about 1,535 genera distributed in 13 tribes. The current work aims at studying the differences in stem anatomy and floral characters of these tribes. In the present study sixteen species belonging to ten tribes were documented, The Heliantheae, one of the tribes’ in this family is more dominant in Nagpur region, and in the present study six genera were recorded. This was followed by two genera in Cichorieae, and one genus each in the tribes Anthemideae, Astereae, Echinopeae, Eupatorieae, Gnaphalieae, Inuleae, Mutisieae and Vernonieae. Detailed study of the arrangement of vascular bundles and type of trichomes found on the stem was studied using free hand-sections. For the floral characters, ray floret, disk floret, shape of receptacle and the type of capitulum inflorescence was studied. An attempt was made for the development of a taxonomical key based on stem anatomical features highlighting the differences in the tribes. Microphotography of the floral components and anatomical study of the stem of these plants, revealed characters which are uutilized for creating a key for various tribes based on morphology as well as anatomical characters. Key words: - Asteraceae, tribes, Heliantheae, stem anatomy, capitulum, key INTRODUCTION: under grass, and as herbaceous garden plants The family Asteraceae also called the Compositae throughout the world. About half the species of has been considered to be a unified evolutionary Asteraceae are native to the Old World and half by all botanists. This family is one of the largest to the New World. of the eudicots with over 32,000 species and at TRIBE is a taxonomic group that is least 1,900 genera in 13 subfamilies (The Plant a subdivision of a subfamily List, 2013). Members of the family Asteraceae can The Asteraceae consist of 1528 genera and be found all over the world. These plants have 22,750 species. The Asteraceae has recently been evolved many adaptations to withstand harsh classified into at least ten subfamilies and environment as well as more moderate climates. members of the family have a worldwide Many plants in the family Asteraceae are distributed. ( Ngu Wah Win, 2018) economically important as weed, ornamentals, This family includes tribes - Vernonieae, medicinal and green vegetables are poisonous Eupatorieae, Asteroideae, Inuloideae, plants. Commercially the flowers of this family Helianthoideae, Antemideae, Senecioideae, are very famous of their colorful florets. A wide Calendulaceae, Cynaroideae, Mutisiaceae, and range of horticultural species are grown in home Cichoriaceae. (Hooker, 1881) As per Cronquist garden or national garden plots. The Asteraceae (1981), in Asteraceae 13 tribes found. In best- feature extensively in gardens distributed known family of flowering plants, the Asteraceae 161 throughout the world as ornamental. A wide may be organized into 3 subfamilies: (1) the range of horticultural species is grown both Page I J R B A T, Issue (VIII), Vol. I, Jan 2020: 161-173 e-ISSN 2347 – 517X A Double Blind Peer Reviewed Journal Original Article Brandesiodieae with a single tribe, (2) the double staining technique and observed under Cichorioideae with 6 tribes, and (3) the microscope for anatomical characters. Asteroideae with 7 tribes. (Heywood et al.1978). On the basis of anatomical character bracketed Family of Asteraceae is common at temperate key prepared. region, In India, Asteraceae is dominant towards Observations and Results Himalayan regions, nearly 955 taxa are found, The works were carried out in Nagpur region were (72.67%) with about 202 taxa of which are detailed study of the arrangement of vascular endemic to the India. The chef center of diversity bundles and type of trichomes found on the stem of the Indian Asteraceae is due to conducive was studied for the following tribes given in the temperature and altitudes, habitats distributed table no. 1. & table No. 2 shows important from the cold deserts of Ladakh to forests of character identified along with anatomical north-east India. feature in front of respective names of the plant studied. The works were carried out in Nagpur region were detailed study of the arrangement of vascular RESULT & DISCUSSION bundles and type of trichomes found on the stem The works were carried out in Nagpur region were was studied by taking free hand-sections. For the detailed study of the arrangement of vascular floral characters, ray floret, disk floret, shape of bundles and type of trichomes found on the stem receptacle and the type of capitulum was studied for the following tribes given in the inflorescence was studied. An attempt was made table no. 1. & table No. 2 shows important for the development of a key based on stem character identified along with anatomical anatomical features highlighting the differences feature in front of respective names of the plant in the tribes. Microphotography of the floral studied. components and anatomical study of the stem of these plants, revealed characters which can be 3.1. KEY TO ANATOMICAL CHARECTERS OF utilized for creating a key for various tribes based TRIBES OF DIFFERENT GANERA FROM ASTERACEAE on morphology as well as anatomical characters. MATERIAL & METHODS 1. Secretary canal ........................Cosmos sulphureus Tribe The species belonging to different tribes of HELIANTHEAE Asteraceae were collected from Nagpur region. 1. Secretary canal absent Field notes were made of precise location and of ...................................................................... (2) habitat of that plants type. They were record and 2. Epidermis with Bitrunket trichomes take photographs in the field. After the collection, ………………................Vernonia cineria Tribe VERNONIEAE the vegetative and floral parts of fresh specimens 2. Epidermis with other trichomes were studied for taxonomic characters; some of …………………................................................... (3) collected specimens were dried and pressed to 3. Long blunt trichome prepared herbarium sheet. ................................Gerbera jamesonii Tribe MUTISIEAE The collected specimens were preserving for 3. Long pointed trichome further anatomical study. For anatomical study, ............................................................................ the fresh and preserve specimens were examining ......... (4) by preparing free-hand section for microscopic 4. Epidermis spiny .......................Ageratum conyzoides Tribe 162 study of stem. These sections were stained with EUPATORIEAE Page I J R B A T, Issue (VIII), Vol. I, Jan 2020: 161-173 e-ISSN 2347 – 517X A Double Blind Peer Reviewed Journal Original Article 4. Epidermis non spiny cortex…………………………....Eclipta alba ............................................................................ 6. Non Arenchymatous cortex……………………..….. ......... (5) (7) 5. Biseriate multicellular trichome 7. Secretory trichome…………………………….…… (8) ...........................Echinops echinatus Tribe 7. Non secretory trichome………………………….… (9) ECHINOPEAE 8. Small and big vascular bundle alternate………… 5. Uniseriate multicellular trichome Solidago canadensis ................................................................... (6) 8. Small and big vascular bundle alternate with 6. Secretary trichome conical ...........................................Blumea lacera Tribe V.B………………………………………………….. INULEAE Gerbera jamesonii 6. Non secretary trichome 8. Same size V. B. …………………………………. ............................................................................ Blumea lacera .... (7) 9. Pericycle hemispherical, sub rounded………… 7. Small and big vascular bundle alternate Xanthium indicum ...............................Solidago canadensis Tribe 9. Pericycle non hemispherical…………………….. ASTEREAE (10) 7. Same sized vascular bundle 10. Pericycle oval or rounded…………………….. ..................................................................... (8) Launaea procumbens 8. Pericycle oval rounded 10. Pericycle non oval or non rounded…………….. ..........................Launaea procumbens Tribe (11) CICHORIEAE 11. Long elongated tapering trichome …………….. 8. Pericycle non oval (12) ............................................................................ 11. Non elongated tapering trichome ……………… ...... (9) (13) 9. Secondary growth shown 12. Secondary growth ……………………….…….. ........................Chrysanthemum sp Tribe Chrysanthemum sp. ANTHEMIDEAE 12. Non secondary growth ………………………… 9. Many seriate vessels Synedrella nodiflora ...................Gnomophilum palustre Tribe 13. Many seriate vessels ……………………………. GNAPHALIEAE Gnomophilum palustre 3.2. KEY TO ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS 13. Big vessels ……………..……………….. DIFFENT GENERA Tridex procumbens 1. Stem cylindrical……………………………………….. (4) 1. Stem angular………………………………………..… (2) 2. Cortex with secretory canal ………………………
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 550, Proc
    Proceeding ICMA-SURE – 2020 The 3rd International Conference On Multidisciplinary Approaches For Sustainable Rural Development Distinguishing two morphologically similar species of Asteraceae using a chloroplast DNA marker A H Susanto*1 and M Dwiati1 1 Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia * Email: [email protected] Abstract. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn and Calyptocarpus vialis Less are members of Asteraceae family that morphologically show high similarities. To genetically distinguish between them, a particular molecular marker should be employed. This study aims to present molecular comparison between both species using a chloroplast DNA marker, i.e. atpB – rbcL IGS. A pair of PCR universal primers was used to amplify the marker. Sequence alignment on the PCR products reveals longer S. nodiflora sequence in comparison to that of C. vialis. In addition, some transversions and transitions are also observed. This suggests that the two species exhibit considerable genetic difference despite their similar phenotypic appearance. 1. Introduction Many members of Asteraceae family are recognized for their potentials as ornamental, medicinal, and economic plants[1]. On the other hand, some others are known as invasive weeds[2], resulting in significant loss on several crops with respect to productivity[3]. Some species of Asteraceae family show very high phenotypical similarities causing difficulty in differentiating them from each other. For example, Calyptocarpus vialis Less has ever been identified as Synedrella vialis (Less.) A. Gray due to its high resemblance to Synedrella nodiflora[4]. Nevertheless, S. vialis is now changed into C. vialis [5] and this is the scientifically accepted name for the species, while S.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
    PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 103(1), 1990, pp. 248-253 SIX NEW COMBINATIONS IN BACCHAROIDES MOENCH AND CYANTHILLIUM "SUJME (VERNONIEAE: ASTERACEAE) Harold Robinson Abstract.— ThvQQ species, Vernonia adoensis Schultz-Bip. ex Walp., V. gui- neensis Benth., and V. lasiopus O. HofFm. in Engl., are transferred to the genus Baccharoides Moench, and three species, Conyza cinerea L., C. patula Ait., and Herderia stellulifera Benth. are transferred to the genus Cyanthillium Blume. The present paper provides six new com- tinct from the Western Hemisphere mem- binations of Old World Vemonieae that are bers of that genus. Although generic limits known to belong to the genera Baccharoides were not discussed by Jones, his study placed Moench and Cyanthillium Blume. The ap- the Old World Vernonia in a group on the plicability of these generic names to these opposite side the basic division in the genus species groups was first noted by the author from typical Vernonia in the eastern United almost ten years ago (Robinson et al. 1 980), States. Subsequent studies by Jones (1979b, and it was anticipated that other workers 1981) showed that certain pollen types also more familiar with the paleotropical mem- were restricted to Old World members of bers of the Vernonieae would provide the Vernonia s.l., types that are shared by some necessary combinations. A recent study of Old World members of the tribe tradition- eastern African members of the tribe by Jef- ally placed in other genera. The characters frey (1988) also cites these generic names as noted by Jones have been treated by the synonyms under his Vernonia Group 2 present author as evidence of a basic divi- subgroup C and Vernonia Group 4, al- sion in the Vernonieae between groups that though he retains the broad concept of Ver- have included many genera in each hemi- nonia.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Checklist of the Angiospermic Flora of Rajkandi Reserve Forest of Moulvibazar, Bangladesh
    Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(2): 187-207, 2018 (December) © 2018 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE ANGIOSPERMIC FLORA OF RAJKANDI RESERVE FOREST OF MOULVIBAZAR, BANGLADESH 1 2 A.K.M. KAMRUL HAQUE , SALEH AHAMMAD KHAN, SARDER NASIR UDDIN AND SHAYLA SHARMIN SHETU Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh Keywords: Checklist; Angiosperms; Rajkandi Reserve Forest; Moulvibazar. Abstract This study was carried out to provide the baseline data on the composition and distribution of the angiosperms and to assess their current status in Rajkandi Reserve Forest of Moulvibazar, Bangladesh. The study reports a total of 549 angiosperm species belonging to 123 families, 98 (79.67%) of which consisting of 418 species under 316 genera belong to Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons), and the remaining 25 (20.33%) comprising 132 species of 96 genera to Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Rubiaceae with 30 species is recognized as the largest family in Magnoliopsida followed by Euphorbiaceae with 24 and Fabaceae with 22 species; whereas, in Lilliopsida Poaceae with 32 species is found to be the largest family followed by Cyperaceae and Araceae with 17 and 15 species, respectively. Ficus is found to be the largest genus with 12 species followed by Ipomoea, Cyperus and Dioscorea with five species each. Rajkandi Reserve Forest is dominated by the herbs (284 species) followed by trees (130 species), shrubs (125 species), and lianas (10 species). Woodlands are found to be the most common habitat of angiosperms. A total of 387 species growing in this area are found to be economically useful. 25 species listed in Red Data Book of Bangladesh under different threatened categories are found under Lower Risk (LR) category in this study area.
    [Show full text]
  • Cytogenetic Investigations in Colchicine Induced Tetraploid of Cosmos Sulphureus (Asteraceae)
    Chromosome Botany (2017)12(3): 41-45 ©Copyright 2017 by the International Society of Chromosome Botany Cytogenetic investigations in colchicine induced tetraploid of Cosmos sulphureus (Asteraceae) Rakesh Chandra Verma1, Preeti Dass2, Nilofar Shaikh1,3 and Mushtaq Ahmad Khah1 1School of Studies in Botany, Vikram University, Ujjain 456010, India 2 School of Studies in Microbiology, Vikram University, Ujjain 456010, India 1Author for correspondence: ([email protected]) Received March 10, 2017: accepted July 7, 2017 ABSTRACT: Polyploidy or whole genome duplication is an important mechanism for acquiring new genes and creating genetic novelty in plants. In the present study, successful induction of autotetraploidy has been achieved through seedling treatment of colchicine in Cosmos sulphureus. Young seedlings were treated with different concentrations of aqueous colchicine (0.15, 0.2%, each for different durations) using the cotton-swab method. Polyploidy was confirmed during meiotic behavior of pollen mother cells. Induced tetraploid was cytogenetically distinguished from diploid by the occurrence of 48 chromosomes at diakinesis/metaphase-I with different combinations of univalent, bivalents, trivalents, and multivalent. In addition, different types of chromosomal anomalies such as laggards, micronuclei etc. were also observed at anaphase/telophase-I. Various cytological features like chromosomal associations (quadrivalents, bivalents and univalents) and chiasmata frequency were recorded at diakinesis/metaphase-I. It is expected that the induced colchiploid, if established, could be used in further cytological and breeding programs. KEYWORDS: Cosmos sulphureus, colchiploid, quadrivalent, capitulum Polyploidy has been a recurrent process during the either in 0.15 or 0.20% aqueous colchicine were placed on evolution of flowering plant that has made a considerable the emerging apical tip between two cotyledonary leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
    1 • I / i PROCEEDINGS AMERICAN ACADEMY ARTS AND SCIENCES. NEW SERIES. Vol. IX. WHOLE SERIES. Vol. XVII. FROM JUNE, 1881, TO JUNE, 1882. SELECTED FROM THE RECORDS. BOSTON: UNIVERSITY PRESS: JOHN WILSON AND SON. 1882. X fi^ CONTENTS. PAQE I. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard College. By Josiah Parsons Cooke 1 II. On the Spectrum of Arsenic. By Oliver W. Huntington 35 III. Thermoelectricity. — Peltier and Thomson Effects. By Charles Bingham Penrose 39 IV. Thermoelectric Line of Copper and Nickel below 0°. By Charles Bingham Penrose 47 V. Crystalline Form of Cryolite. By W. H. Melville ... 55 VI. Researches on the Complex Inorganic Acids. Phospho-molyb- dates. By Wolcott Gibbs, M.D . 62 VII. An Indirect Determination of Chlorine and Bromine by Elec- trolysis. By' Leonard P. Kixnicutt 91 VIII. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Charles F. Mabery 94 "^ IX. On Certain Substances obtainedfrom Turmeric. — I. Curcumin. By C. Loring Jackson and A. E. Menke 110 X. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Henry B. Hill 125 XI. XV. — Simple Method for Calibrating T'hermometers. By Silas W. Holman 157 XII. Contributions to North American Botany. By Asa Gray . 163 XIII. The Wedge Photometer. By Edward C. Pickering . 231 XIV. On the Color and the Pattern of Insects. By Dr. II. A. Hagen 234 IV CONTENTS. PAGE XV. On Telephoning over long Distances or through Cables. By N. D. C. Hodges 268 XVI. On the Young Stages of some Osseous Fishes. With Plates. By Alexander Agassiz 271 XVII. XVI.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Succession Along New Roads at Soqotra Island (Yemen): Effects of Invasive Plant Species and Utilization of Selected N
    10.2478/jlecol-2014-0003 Journal of Landscape Ecology (2013), Vol: 6 / No. 3. VEGETATION SUCCESSION ALONG NEW ROADS AT SOQOTRA ISLAND (YEMEN): EFFECTS OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES AND UTILIZATION OF SELECTED NATIVE PLANT RESISTENCE AGAINST DISTURBANCE PETR MADĚRA1, PAVEL KOVÁŘ2, JAROSLAV VOJTA2, DANIEL VOLAŘÍK1, LUBOŠ ÚRADNÍČEK1, ALENA SALAŠOVÁ3, JAROSLAV KOBLÍŽEK1 & PETR JELÍNEK1 1Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of the Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno 2Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 3Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Landscape Planning, Valtická 337, 691 44 Lednice Received: 13th November 2013, Accepted: 17th December 2013 ABSTRACT The paved (tarmac) roads had been constructed on Soqotra island over the last 15 years. The vegetation along the roads was disturbed and the erosion started immediately after the disturbance caused by the road construction. Our assumption is that biotechnical measurements should prevent the problems caused by erosion and improve stabilization of road edges. The knowledge of plant species which are able to grow in unfavourable conditions along the roads is important for correct selection of plants used for outplanting. The vegetation succession was observed using phytosociological relevés as a tool of recording and mapping assambblages of plants species along the roads as new linear structures in the landscape. Data from phytosociological relevés were analysed and the succession was characterised in different altitudes. The results can help us to select group of plants (especially shrubs and trees), which are suitable to be used as stabilizing green mantle in various site conditions and for different purposes (anti-erosional, ornamental, protection against noise or dust, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomical Characteristics.Pdf (631.3
    Title Anatomical Characteristics of Comos sulphureus Cav. from Family Asteraceae Author Dr. Ngu Wah Win Issue Date 1 Anatomical Characteristics of Comos sulphureus Cav. from Family Asteraceae Ngu Wah Win Associate Professor Department of Botany University of Mandalay Abstract In this research, morphological and anatomical structures of leaves, stems, and roots of Comos sulphureus Cav. of tribe Heliantheae belonging to the family Asteraceae were studied, photomicrographed and described. This species is annual erect herb, compound leaves and flowers are bisexual head. Anatomical characters of Cosmos sulphureus Cav. are dorsiventral type of leaves, anomocytic type of stomata, and collateral type of vascular bundles were found. The shapes of midrib are found to be oval-shaped, the petioles were oval or heart-shaped, and the stem was tetragonal or polygonal in shape. Key words – Asteraceae, dorsiventral, anomocytic, collateral Introduction In people's lives plants were important and were essential to balance the nature. Plants served the most important part in the cycle of nature. Without plants, there could be no life on earth. Plants were the only organisms and they can make their own food. People and animals were incapable to make their own food and depend directly or indirectly on plants for their supply of food. There were many plants that were edible and that were used by rural people but the main emphasis was on commercial important plants (Wyk 2005). Comos sulphureus Cav. is also known as crest lemon, sunset, cosmic yellow and cosmic orange. It is well known as cosmos in English name (McLeod 2007). Comos sulphureus Cav. is known as dye plant and is cultivated for this purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae
    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NCTMBER 52 Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae Harold Robinson, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, andJames F. Weedin SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, and James F. Weedin. Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 52, 28 pages, 3 tables, 1981.-Chromosome reports are provided for 145 populations, including first reports for 33 species and three genera, Garcilassa, Riencourtia, and Helianthopsis. Chromosome numbers are arranged according to Robinson’s recently broadened concept of the Heliantheae, with citations for 212 of the ca. 265 genera and 32 of the 35 subtribes. Diverse elements, including the Ambrosieae, typical Heliantheae, most Helenieae, the Tegeteae, and genera such as Arnica from the Senecioneae, are seen to share a specialized cytological history involving polyploid ancestry. The authors disagree with one another regarding the point at which such polyploidy occurred and on whether subtribes lacking higher numbers, such as the Galinsoginae, share the polyploid ancestry. Numerous examples of aneuploid decrease, secondary polyploidy, and some secondary aneuploid decreases are cited. The Marshalliinae are considered remote from other subtribes and close to the Inuleae. Evidence from related tribes favors an ultimate base of X = 10 for the Heliantheae and at least the subfamily As teroideae. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllumjaponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Chromosome numbers in Compositae, XII.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants of Namal Valley, Salt Range, Pakistan - 4725
    Shah et al.: Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of Namal Valley, Salt Range, Pakistan - 4725 - ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OF NAMAL VALLEY, SALT RANGE, PAKISTAN SHAH, A.1* – POUDEL, R. C.2 – ISHTIAQ, M.3 – SARVAT, R.1 – SHAHZAD, H.1 – ABBAS, A.1 – SHOAIB, S.1 – NUZHAT, R.1 – NOOR, U. D.1 – MAHMOODA, H.1 – SUMMAYA, A.1 – IFRA, A.1 – IHSAN, U.1 1Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-40100, Pakistan 2Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Pātan-44700, Nepal 3Department of Botany, (Bhimber Campus), Mirpur University of Science & Technology Mirpur-10250 (AJK), Pakistan Corresponding author٭ e-mail: [email protected] ; phone: +92-48-923-0811-15 ext. 609 (Received 5th Jan 2019; accepted 26th Feb 2019) Abstract. This paper presents the first quantitative ethnobotanical knowledge and practices of using native plants for different ailments from Namal Valley of Pakistan. Data was gathered by interviewing 350 informants through semi-structured questionnaires. A total of 217 taxa belonging to 166 genera and 70 families were documented. Fabaceae and Asteraceae families were found to be the most cited families (with 19 and 18 species receptively). Herbs represent the most cited life form (71%) and flower was the most widely used part (34.8%) with decoction as main mode of the utilization (41.5%). On the basis of use values, the most commonly used ethnobotanical taxa in the Valley were reported to be Euphorbia heterophylla (0.7) and Merremia dissecta (0.6). The highest RFC value was noted for Aloe vera (0.14) while highest ICF value was estimated for dental problems category (0.7).
    [Show full text]
  • Genome Size Is a Strong Predictor of Root Meristem Growth Rate
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Botany Volume 2010, Article ID 390414, 4 pages doi:10.1155/2010/390414 Research Article Genome Size Is a Strong Predictor of Root Meristem Growth Rate Adam Gruner, Nathan Hoverter, Tylia Smith, and Charles A. Knight Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Charles A. Knight, [email protected] Received 23 December 2009; Accepted 5 March 2010 Academic Editor: Johann Greilhuber Copyright © 2010 Adam Gruner et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Variation in genome size (GS) has been linked to several facets of the plant phenotype. Recently it was shown that GS is significantly correlated with cell size and the duration of the cell cycle. Here we test the hypothesis that GS might also be a predictor of apical root meristem growth rate (RMGR). We studied eight species of eudicots with varying GS using time-lapse microscopic image analysis. A significant negative exponential relationship was observed between GS and RMGR. Our results show significantly decreased RMGR for large genome species. This relationship represents a significant consequence of GS expansion in plants and may partly explain why genome sizes tend to be small in eudicots. Interestingly, parasitic plants, which do not rely on root growth as much, often have large genomes. 1. Introduction the independent variables in (1) can be measured using time- lapse microscopic image analysis [12, 13].
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Cosmos – a Host of Cucumber Mosaic Virus M.S
    J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 84-93, June 2007 ISSN 1810-1860 JARD Journal of Agriculture & Rural Development Summer Cosmos – A Host of Cucumber mosaic virus 1 2 3* M.S. PARVIN , A.M. AKANDA AND A.H.M.A. RAHMAN 1, 2&3Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh ABSTRACT In order to identify the cause of virus disease-like symptoms developed naturally in Summer cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) plants at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur campus, a study was conducted during March 2004 to August 2005. The natural symptoms in Summer cosmos were consisted of mosaic, yellowing, shoe-string and leaf curling along with severe stunting of the infected plants. The ailments were found to be sap transmissible. Gomphrena globosa and Chenopodium amaranticolor were found to be good local lesion hosts producing chlorotic local lesion in the inoculated plants. The virus isolates obtained from the infected G. globosa plant had wide host range including Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Ligominosae and Solanaceae. The dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro were determined as 10-6, 650C and 10 days, respectively. The host range test, dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro suggested that the virus was identical to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno- Sorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) detected the virus as CMV. The results of the study revealed that the virus disease-like symptoms naturally manifested in summer cosmos plants was identified as CMV. Key words: Summer cosmos, CMV, virus identification.
    [Show full text]
  • Threatened Jott
    Journal ofThreatened JoTT TaxaBuilding evidence for conservation globally PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS 10.11609/jott.2020.12.3.15279-15406 www.threatenedtaxa.org 26 February 2020 (Online & Print) Vol. 12 | No. 3 | Pages: 15279–15406 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) ISSN 0974-7907 (Online); ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Publisher Host Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society Zoo Outreach Organization www.wild.zooreach.org www.zooreach.org No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti - Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Ph: +91 9385339863 | www.threatenedtaxa.org Email: [email protected] EDITORS English Editors Mrs. Mira Bhojwani, Pune, India Founder & Chief Editor Dr. Fred Pluthero, Toronto, Canada Dr. Sanjay Molur Mr. P. Ilangovan, Chennai, India Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society & Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), 12 Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, Web Design India Mrs. Latha G. Ravikumar, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, India Deputy Chief Editor Typesetting Dr. Neelesh Dahanukar Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India Mr. Arul Jagadish, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Mrs. Radhika, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Managing Editor Mrs. Geetha, ZOO, Coimbatore India Mr. B. Ravichandran, WILD/ZOO, Coimbatore, India Mr. Ravindran, ZOO, Coimbatore India Associate Editors Fundraising/Communications Dr. B.A. Daniel, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Mrs. Payal B. Molur, Coimbatore, India Dr. Mandar Paingankar, Department of Zoology, Government Science College Gadchiroli, Chamorshi Road, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra 442605, India Dr. Ulrike Streicher, Wildlife Veterinarian, Eugene, Oregon, USA Editors/Reviewers Ms. Priyanka Iyer, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Subject Editors 2016–2018 Fungi Editorial Board Ms. Sally Walker Dr. B.
    [Show full text]