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REVISTA CONEXAO POLITICA INGLES ELETRONICA.Pmd Conexão Política Political Science Postgraduate Program’s Review of the Universidade Federal do Piauí Year – 1 2012 Democracy, economical crisis and political institutions EDUFPI Teresina – Piauí - Brazil Conexão Política – Vol. 1, No. 01- jul.-dec. 2012 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ Rector Prof. Dr. José Arimatéia Dantas Lopes Undergraduate Pro-Rector Profª. Drª. Regina Ferraz Mendes Research and Postgraduate Pro-Rector Prof. Dr. Saulo Cunha de Serpa Brandão Extension Pro-Rector Profª. Drª. Maria da Glória Carvalho Moura CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E LETRAS – CCHL Director: Prof. Dr. Pedro Vilarinho Castelo Branco Political Science Postgraduate Program Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Cleber de Deus Pereira da Silva Correspondence Address: Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella Centro de Ciências Humanas e Letras – CCHL Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política Bairro: Ininga - Teresina – PI CEP: 64049-550 E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: 55 (86) 3237-1692 CATALOG CARD Universidade Federal do Piauí Community Library Journalist Carlos Castello Branco Technical Processing Service Conexão Política [electronic issue] / Universiadde Federal do Piauí. – Vol.1, No. 1 (July-December/ 2012) - Translator: João Batista de Oliveira Silva Jr. – Electronic Data. – Teresina: UFPI, 2012 – . Required system: Adobe Acrobat Reader Access mode: http://www.revistas.ufpi.br/index.php/conexaopolitica. Half-yearly edition. ISSN: 2317-3254. 1. Political Science. 2. International Relations. I. Federal University of Piauí -UFPI. II. Title: Political Connection CDD: 320 Conexão Política Review – ISSN 2317-3254, Vol.1, No. 01, July-December/2012 Half-yearly Review of UFPI’s Political Sciences Postgraduate Program PUBLISHING Editor-in-chief: Prof. Dr. Raimundo Batista dos Santos Junior Assistant Editor: Prof. Dr. Ricardo Alaggio Ribeiro EDITORIAL BOARD Ana Beatriz Martins dos Santos Seraine – Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI – Brasil) Ana Paula Mauriel – Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF – Brasil) Arleth Borges – Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA – Brasil) Ana Paula Tostes – Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ – Brasil) Cleber de Deus – Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI – Brasil) Cristina Buarque de Holanda – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Flávio Resende – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – (UFPE – Brasil) Gabriela Tarouco – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – (UFPE – Brasil) Gilmar Antônio Bedin – Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ – Brasil) Héctor Luis Saint-Pierre – Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP – Campus de Franca – Brasil) Jairo Marconi Nicolau – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ – Brasil) Luis Gustavo Grohmann – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS – Brasil) Marcia Soares – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG – Brasil) Mathew D. McCubbins – Universidade da Califórnia, San Diego (UCSD – Estados Unidos) Monique Menezes – Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI – Brasil) Odete Maria de Oliveira – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC – Brasil) Raimundo Batista dos Santos Junior – Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI – Brasil) Scott Desposato – Universidade da Califórnia, San Diego (UCSD – Estados Unidos) Taeko Hiroi – University of Texas – At El Paso (Estados Unidos) Valeriano Mendes Ferreira Costa – Universidade Federal de Campinas (UNICAMP – Brasil) EDITING: COVER: Sammy Lima REVISION: Ilza Cardoso ART: Evaldo Oliveira EDITING: John Kennedy Costa Pereira TRANSLATION: João Batista de Oliveira Silva Júnior TABLE OF CONTENTS DOSSIER: DEMOCRACY, ECONOMICAL CRISIS AND POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS 1 Foreword Cleber de Deus .................................................................................................. 7 2 The Economic Crises and The Democratic Institutions in The Developing Countries Eiiti Sato......................................................................................................... 9 3 Globalization, the State Sovereignty Decline and the 2007/2008 Economic Crisis: the need to create a global governance economic system Argemiro Luis Brum; Gilmar Antonio Bedin; Márcia Naiar Cerdote Pedroso ..... 31 4 The Multiple Dimensions of the Worldwide Crisis: general tendencies Eduardo Barros Mariutti................................................................................. 47 5 The last Political Reform in Argentina in 2009: Disclosing Implications Beyond the Formal Law Mariana Laura Prats; Natalia C. Del Cogliano................................................. 75 6 Promoting Scarcity or Courting Abundance? Understanding the Resiliency of Machines in Urban Governance Michael P. Canares ......................................................................................... 99 7 The State Instruments and the Geopolitics of Lineages in the Sub-Saharan Africa: Legal Power versus Traditional Power – The Case of Guinea-Conakry Herbert Schutzer .......................................................................................... 109 Book Reviews 8 HUBER, Evelyn; STEPHENS, John D. Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001, 416 p. Wallace dos Santos de Moraes ....................................................................... 137 9 DAHL, Robert A. A democracia e seus críticos. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2012. Jose Roberto Bonifacio ................................................................................. 143 10 NORRIS, Pippa. Democratic Deficit: critical citizens revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. 334 p. Robert Bonifácio .......................................................................................... 155 FOREWORD The Conexão Política review is the Political Science Master Degree Program’s publication (electronic and printed) of the Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI). Its main goal is to collect themes and problems regarding the research areas developed by this program’s professors, as well as other Brazilian and international institutions’. Such publication is of great importance for seeking to achieve demand criteria from the Brazilian research fostering bodies. As one of the most observed components in the postgraduate programs’ evaluations, the publications require, more and more, high-quality papers and a methodological rigor. Because of that, this first issue of the Conexão Política review approached the great theme relating Democracy and Political Institutions. The goal, thus, was to collect recent discussions on democratization processes in some countries of the world, in addition to evaluating the impact of the world economic crisis on the political governance aspects. Furthermore, understanding the dynamics of the electoral and political processes functioning was intended, in order to correlate some trends with the citizens’ political behavior. Hence, it is clear that the heterogeneity of subjects and perspectives of Political Science was dealt with in this first publication of the Review. With such publication, UFPI’s Political Science Master Degree Program effects its contribution to the Brazilian Political Science. Coordinator of UFPI’s Political Science Master Degree Program Conexão Política, Teresina, Vol.1, No. 1: 7, jul.-dec. 2012 THE ECONOMIC CRISES AND THE DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Eiiti Sato* Abstract: The article discusses how democratic societies react to problems derived from economic crises. The article argues that recent history shows that economic crises do not necessarily produce authoritarian regimes. The main argument developed along the article is that democratic institutions are based on the assumption that divergent perceptions, conflicts and economic crises are natural phenomena of social life. As a consequence, democratic regimes tend to do better in dealing with economic crises and with inevitable social and political changes, and this is true even for developing countries. Keywords: Democracy and economic crises. Democratic institutions. Conflict and political change. Economic crisis and developing countries. 1 Introduction The relationship between economic crisis and political change has always called attention of analysts and heads of government. The observation of events in troublesome periods the world economy has experienced along the last century leads the analyst to at least two conclusions relevant to the theme of this article. The first is that the influence of the economic crises on the political regimes is very limited, that is, the occurrence of an economic crisis, even a large one, does not mean necessarily that the democratic institutions should feel threatened. The second conclusion is that, depending upon the degree of maturity of democratic institutions, such institutions help overcome the crisis, although a crisis makes it difficult for the ruling party to remain in power. * Professor of the International Relations Institute at the Universidade de Brasília. Conexão Política, Teresina, Vol.1, No. 1: 9-29, jul.-dec. 2012 10 The Economic Crises and The Democratic Institutions in The Developing Countries The theme inevitably sends the analyst back to the period between the two World Wars of the 20th century, when the world economy went through a widely-known crisis that many analysts use to call “systemic”. What occurred in that period is still a reference to understand the nature of economic crises and their relationship with turbulences
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