Curtains for Argentina's Kirchner

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Curtains for Argentina's Kirchner “In 2014, the currency devaluation and inflationary spike dented the president’s popularity and eroded perceptions of her government’s economic competence.” Curtains for Argentina’s Kirchner Era M. VICTORIA MURILLO ristina Fernández de Kirchner, the third please voters. Deteriorating economic conditions Peronist to be elected president of Argen- will make it harder for any successor to Fernández Ctina since the democratic transition of de Kirchner to adopt left-wing policies, even if he 1983, is approaching the end of her second term. or she wanted to. Her presidency followed that of her husband Nés- The surprise of this final act is that she has man- tor Kirchner (2003–7). After a dozen years with aged to keep the political initiative, moving to reg- one Kirchner or the other at the helm, Argentina ulate the oil sector, reform telecommunications, is facing a presidential election in October with and revise the civil and criminal codes. A lame- considerably more uncertainty than the past two, duck president in the last year of her mandate which Fernández de Kirchner won in overwhelm- could easily have lost that capacity for action, es- ing landslides. pecially in the context of an economic slowdown, There is no clear front-runner this time. How- increasing unemployment, and high inflation. Ad- ever, any of the three candidates with a higher ditionally, she lacks a loyal successor—a candidate probability of winning is likely to steer the next with a good chance of winning the next election administration toward more moderate economic and sustaining her brand of politics, known as policies, including some kind of fiscal adjustment, Kirchnerism, into the future. and a stronger emphasis on controlling crime. The Kirchners have often been classified as part of a REMAKING PERONISM shift to the left in Latin America, though the ap- Néstor Kirchner was inaugurated in 2003, when plication of that ideological category to them has Argentina was starting to emerge from its deepest been questioned, given their own pragmatism and economic crisis since the Great Depression. Dur- that of their party, the Peronist party. Yet there is ing their dozen years in power, the Kirchners built no doubt that none of the three most likely suc- a coalition with dramatic actions that reshaped the cessors to Fernández de Kirchner can be identified political scene. In economic policy, these included with the left. debt restructuring, the expansion of redistributive The challenges ahead are difficult. The com- social policies (such as noncontributory pensions modity boom that allowed the Kirchners to expand and cash transfers for children whose parents do public spending and redistribute through social not have formal employment), and the national- policy seems to be reaching an end. If resources ization of the country’s largest oil company, YPF, dwindle, the legacy of a fiscal deficit and a two- which was expropriated from the Spanish com- tier exchange rate will most likely bring the next pany Repsol. The Kirchners also oversaw the administration toward retrenchment, especially prosecution of those responsible for human rights given the failure of price controls to restrain infla- violations that occurred during the military dic- tion. Thus, the next president is likely to face more tatorship, procedural changes for Supreme Court limited room for action in economic policy mak- appointments, and the expansion of rights for citi- ing, and will have a more difficult time trying to zens of different sexual orientations, including gay marriage. A major change to media laws expanded M. VICTORIA MURILLO is a professor of political science public access but also introduced new regulations and international affairs at Columbia University. She is the against concentrated holdings, particularly affect- author, most recently, of Political Competition, Partisanship, and Policymaking in Latin America (Cambridge University ing a major media conglomerate that opposed Press, 2009). Fernández de Kirchner’s administration. 56 Curtains for Argentina’s Kirchner Era • 57 The Kirchners’ bold policy initiatives were ac- 54 percent of the vote. Argentina had experienced companied by similarly striking rhetoric and sym- high levels of economic growth in the seven years bolism: the national bicentenary celebrations, free before that election, with the exception of 2009, television access for all soccer matches including when it was hit by the global recession. Growth the World Cup, the first Argentine satellite sent to produced higher fiscal revenue, which allowed for space, and more. They inspired a renewed belief in policies of social redistribution that reduced pov- the capacity of politics to change the status quo after erty and inequality while fostering a consumption Argentineans had taken to the streets in 2001 and boom that benefited large swaths of the popula- 2002 demanding that politicians resign en masse tion. Although the Kirchners’ support had eroded amid economic turmoil. Moreover, the government in the 2009 midterm elections due to a decline in has been responsive to public opinion shifts even economic performance and a long conflict with while pursuing its radical policy agenda. For in- agricultural producers over taxation levels, her re- stance, as concern over crime increased in 2014, election in 2011 was overwhelming: The runner- the government sent a bill for a new criminal code up, Socialist Hermes Binner, received only 17 per- to Congress. It was announced on national televi- cent of the vote. sion that the measure would require the expulsion By 2014, though, spotty clouds marred the sky. of foreigners caught committing crimes, reversing The economy had been slowing down in the past a previously liberal immigration policy. two years, but growth in 2014 turned negative, The branding of Kirchnerism is not unique in and at the end of the year even the official statis- Argentina, whose politics has a tradition of per- tics (known for being unreliable) announced a de- sonal brands. Peronism has long survived Juan cline in economic activity and a rise in unemploy- Domingo Perón, who was ousted in 1955 by a mil- ment. The fiscal accounts were also in the red. The itary coup and came back surplus achieved during the from exile to serve again as prior two administrations president for less than a year The question of succession has had turned into a deficit by before his death in 1974. Fernández de Kirchner’s sec- The party has adopted dif- become acute for the survival of ond term. The high cost of ferent names over the years, Kirchnerism as a political brand. energy and transportation but the Peronist brand is subsidies, which the gov- the most valuable one. Per- ernment had unsuccessfully onism rebranded itself in the 1990s when it shift- tried to reduce by cutting some subsidies for rich- ed to the right under Menemism, led by President er users at the beginning of her second adminis- Carlos S. Menem, and then again in the new mil- tration, was a leading culprit in this development. lennium when it shifted back to the left under the Meanwhile, the continuous improvement in Kirchners. Many of the same Peronist politicians Argentina’s terms of trade since 2003 seems to be played roles in both acts, even defending contra- over, putting more pressure on economic policy dictory policies. making and limiting any future administration’s It is difficult to believe that Kirchnerism has re- capacity for further redistribution. Commodity placed Peronism as the valuable brand. It seems prices started to decline in 2014; a record US soy- more likely that if another Peronist is elected as bean harvest, along with a slowdown of the Chi- president, a new Peronist coalition is likely to be nese economy, brought down the world soybean formed, and many Kirchnerist politicians will join price from $550 to $350 a ton between March and it. Given those expectations and the fact that elec- October 2014. Soybeans are the main Argentine toral results in the 2013 midterm elections were export staple and an important source of fiscal rev- not so favorable to the government, it is even enue and dollar reserves. A similar combination of more surprising that Fernández de Kirchner has factors was behind the decline in the world price retained so much political initiative in the waning of oil. Lower oil prices have reduced the attractive- months of her administration without an anointed ness of shale reserves in Patagonia, which the gov- successor. ernment seeks to exploit in association with Chev- ron and a Chinese oil company, hoping to develop ECONOMIC CLOUDS an alternative revenue source. Fernández de Kirchner was reelected in October Printing currency to cover government expen- 2011, a year after the death of her husband, with ditures had inflationary consequences in a coun- 58 • CURRENT HISTORY • February 2015 try where the consumer price index has risen at a could not receive better terms than those who double-digit rate since 2007 (the initial response did: the Right Upon Future Offers (RUFO) clause, of the government was to tamper with its statis- which expired at the end of 2014. tics). The limits of economic policies based on To allay fears of default arising from the weak- price controls, trade restrictions, and a dual ex- ness of Argentine institutions, the government had change rate led the government to seek access to issued bonds in different legal jurisdictions (Eu- credit in international markets, which had been rope, the United States, Japan) during the 1990s. closed to it since the 2001 default on the external Since 7 percent of creditors had not accepted the debt. restructuring offers, the door to litigation in for- By early 2014, Argentina had already paid its eign courts remained open. In 2012, Judge Thomas debt to international financial institutions and ne- Griesa of US District Court in New York City ruled gotiated a deal to pay compensation for national- in favor of one of the holdouts, NML Capital (a izing the Argentine operations of the Spanish oil subsidiary of US hedge fund Elliott Management), company Repsol.
Recommended publications
  • 55 130516 Informe Especial El Congreso Argentino.Indd
    SPECIAL REPORT The Argentinian Congress: political outlook in an election year Buenos Aires, May 2013 BARCELONA BOGOTÁ BUENOS AIRES LIMA LISBOA MADRID MÉXICO PANAMÁ QUITO RIO J SÃO PAULO SANTIAGO STO DOMINGO THE ARGENTINIAN CONGRESS: POLITICAL OUTLOOK IN AN ELECTION YEAR 1. INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION 2. WHAT HAPPENED IN 2012? 3. 2013 OUTLOOK On 1st March 2013, the president of Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, opened a new regular sessions’ period in the Argentinian 4. JUSTICE REFORM AND ITS Congress. POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES 5. 2013 LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS In her message, broadcasted on national radio and television, the 6. CONCLUSIONS head of state summarized the main economic indicators of Argentina AUTHORS and how they had developed over the last 10 years of Kirchner’s LLORENTE & CUENCA administration, a timeframe she called “a won decade”. National deputies and senators, in Legislative Assembly, attended the Presidential speech after having taken part in 23 sessions in each House, which strongly contrasts with the fi gure registered in 2011, when approximately a dozen sessions were held. The central point of her speech was the announcement of the outlines of what she called “the democratization of justice”. The modifi cation of the Judicial Council, the creation of three new Courts of Cassation and the regulation of the use of precautionary measures in lawsuits against the state were, among others, the initiatives that the president promised to send to Congress for discussion. Therefore, the judicial system reform became the main political issue in the 2013 public agenda and had a noteworthy impact on all areas of Argentinian society.
    [Show full text]
  • New Victories for Kirchner LADB Staff
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiSur Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 9-19-2003 New Victories for Kirchner LADB Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur Recommended Citation LADB Staff. "New Victories for Kirchner." (2003). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur/13188 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiSur by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 52610 ISSN: 1089-1560 New Victories for Kirchner by LADB Staff Category/Department: Argentina Published: 2003-09-19 With little more than 100 days in office, Argentine President Nestor Kirchner has new reasons to celebrate. He signed a deal with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), one day after failing to meet a payment, that most analysts saw as a coup for the president. And, his political strength has increased with the victory of candidates he endorsed in elections in several provinces and the city of Buenos Aires. Kirchner, who marked 100 days in office Sept. 1, has seemed a far cry from recent Argentine political leaders, whether on issues of IMF renegotiations, human rights, relations with the US, trade, or domestic policies. Kirchner continues to enjoy high public support. He has the most prestige of any president in recent years, and few people have much negative to say about him, said political consultant Enrique Zuleta Puceiro of the firm OPSM. In a recent OPSM poll, respondents gave Kirchner high marks for initiative, independence of criteria, and leadership, with percentages near 70%.
    [Show full text]
  • “Bringing Militancy to Management”: an Approach to the Relationship
    “Bringing Militancy to Management”: An Approach to the Relationship between Activism 67 “Bringing Militancy to Management”: An Approach to the Relationship between Activism and Government Employment during the Cristina Fernández de Kirchner Administration in Argentina Melina Vázquez* Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina Abstract This article explores the relationship between employment in public administration and militant commitment, which is understood as that which the actors themselves define as “militant management.” To this end, an analysis is presented of three groups created within three Argentine ministries that adopted “Kirchnerist” ideology: La graN maKro (The Great Makro), the Juventud de Obras Públicas, and the Corriente de Libertación Nacional. The article explores the conditions of possibility and principal characteristics of this activism as well as the guidelines for admission, continuing membership, and promotion – both within the groups and within government entities – and the way that this type of militancy is articulated with expert, professional and academic capital as well as the capital constituted by the militants themselves. Keywords: Activism, expert knowledge, militant careers, state. * Article received on November 22, 2013; final version approved on March 26, 2014. This article is part of a series of studies that the author is working on as a researcher at CONICET and is part of the project “Activism and the Political Commitment of Youth: A Socio-Historical Study of their Political and Activist Experiences (1969-2011)” sponsored by the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion, Argentine Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation (2012-2015), of which the author is the director.
    [Show full text]
  • Casaroes the First Y
    LATIN AMERICA AND THE NEW GLOBAL ORDER GLOBAL THE NEW AND AMERICA LATIN Antonella Mori Do, C. Quoditia dium hucient. Ur, P. Si pericon senatus et is aa. vivignatque prid di publici factem moltodions prem virmili LATIN AMERICA AND patus et publin tem es ius haleri effrem. Nos consultus hiliam tabem nes? Acit, eorsus, ut videferem hos morei pecur que Founded in 1934, ISPI is THE NEW GLOBAL ORDER an independent think tank alicae audampe ctatum mortanti, consint essenda chuidem Dangers and Opportunities committed to the study of se num ute es condamdit nicepes tistrei tem unum rem et international political and ductam et; nunihilin Itam medo, nondem rebus. But gra? in a Multipolar World economic dynamics. Iri consuli, ut C. me estravo cchilnem mac viri, quastrum It is the only Italian Institute re et in se in hinam dic ili poraverdin temulabem ducibun edited by Antonella Mori – and one of the very few in iquondam audactum pero, se issoltum, nequam mo et, introduction by Paolo Magri Europe – to combine research et vivigna, ad cultorum. Dum P. Sp. At fuides dermandam, activities with a significant mihilin gultum faci pro, us, unum urbit? Ublicon tem commitment to training, events, Romnit pari pest prorimis. Satquem nos ta nostratil vid and global risk analysis for pultis num, quonsuliciae nost intus verio vis cem consulicis, companies and institutions. nos intenatiam atum inventi liconsulvit, convoliis me ISPI favours an interdisciplinary and policy-oriented approach perfes confecturiae audemus, Pala quam cumus, obsent, made possible by a research quituam pesis. Am, quam nocae num et L. Ad inatisulic team of over 50 analysts and tam opubliciam achum is.
    [Show full text]
  • Argentina: the National Congress Under the Gaze of a Lame Duck Kirchnerism?
    SPECIAL REPORT Argentina: The National Congress under the gaze of a lame duck Kirchnerism? Buenos Aires, April 2015 BARCELONA BOGOTÁ BUENOS AIRES LIMA LISBOA MADRID MÉXICO PANAMÁ QUITO RIO J SÃO PAULO SANTIAGO STO DOMINGO ARGENTINA: THE NATIONAL CONGRESS UNDER THE GAZE OF A LAME DUCK KIRCHNERISM? 1. INTRODUCTION In 2015 we could witness the end of a political process called 1. INTRODUCTION “Kirchnerism”, which has governed Argentine for 12 years in a 2. KIRCHNERISM AND LEGISLATIVE row, and which was started by Nestor Kirchner in 2003 and then POWER continued by his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner for two 3. THE CONGRESS IN 2014 more terms. 4. EXPECTATIONS FOR 2015 5. ¿AND WHAT ABOUT 2016? This year will also be a period deeply influenced by electoral 6. UNANSWERED QUESTIONS politics. The Argentinian Constitution prevents a new reelection of the current President. This means the President is living her last year in office and December the 10th 2015 it will be the last AUTHOR day of her term. We could have a second round on the elections which are always formed by the primary elections and the first round: this second round is known as the Ballotage or second round1. To this possible second round we need to add the provincial and municipal elections. In the most populated districts the elections will be divided (Federal capital, Cordoba, Mendoza and Santa Fe). Apart from the new President, new seats for the National Congress will also be elected. So far, the governing party rules the legislative agenda and is in possession of a majority of one's own although with a lower number of parliamentarians.
    [Show full text]
  • PRIMARY ELECTIONS Special Report
    PRIMARY ELECTIONS Special Report WHAT IS AT STAKE? Provincial Elections President 24 130 National Representatives Provinces of Catamarca, Buenos Aires, and the City of Vicepresident National Senators Buenos Aires held primary elections to governor while Santa Cruz had general election. NATIONAL PROVISIONAL RESULTS OF THE PRIMARY ELECTIONS s 47.65% PARTICIPATION: 75,78% Alberto Fernández – Cristina Fernández de Kirchner 32.08% Mauricio Macri - Miguel Ángel Pichetto 8.22% Roberto Lavagna – Juan Manuel Urtubey 2.86% Nicolás del Caño – Romina del Pla 2.63% Juan J. Gómez Centurión – Cynthia Hotton 2.18% José Luis Espert – Luis Rosales ELECTORAL THRESHOLD 1.5% 0.71% Manuela Castañeira – Eduardo Mulhall 0.24% Alejandro Biondini – Enrique Venturino 0.14% Raul Albarracín – Sergio Pastore 0.13% José Antonio Romero Feris – Guillermo Sueldo POLITICAL SUPPORT KEYS #1 THE CENTER REGION VOTE #2 BUENOS AIRES SUPPORT #3 THE REST OF THE COUNTRY The National Government In the first section of the Other provinces, mainly driven expected to count with greater province of Buenos Aires, by the support of several support in Córdoba and Santa bastion of Cambiemos in 2015 Peronist governors, also added Fe, that along with Mendoza, and 2017, the officialism got an important part of votes that would provide a number of adverse results from expected summed up in the final result votes to face the tight scenario while in the other two -of an led Alberto Fernández to win in the province of Buenos Aires, average lower income-, the with several points ahead. but finally it turned the opposite Frente de Todos prevailed with way.
    [Show full text]
  • Briefing European Parliamentary Research Service
    At a glance September 2015 Argentina: Political parties and the EU Argentina's presidential elections are scheduled for October 2015 and, according to the country's Constitution, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner is not entitled to run for a third consecutive term. As regards alternative candidates, the political landscape remains polarised after the primary elections. Argentina has a multi-party political system; however, election results demonstrate that it is, in practical terms, bipartisan. The Peronists, represented by the Justicialist Party (PJ), and the radicals, represented by the Civic Radical Union (UCR), effectively alternate in power. Argentinian political decision-making is opaque, complex and volatile. Parties play for power in changing coalitions, splits and mergers, which lead to a constantly changing political landscape of alliances. Political and Electoral System The Constitution of Argentina dates back to 1853. It remained in force under the various military regimes, with the exception of the Peronist constitutional period between 1949 and 1956. Over the years, it has been subject to a number of amendments, the most important in 1953, and recently in 1994. Argentina is a federal republic with division of powers. The executive is currently represented by the President, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, from the centre-left Peronist faction, Front For Victory (FPV), which belongs to the Justicialist Party. The President is elected for a four-year term with the possibility of being re-elected for only one consecutive term. Elections take place in two rounds. To be directly elected in the first round, the candidate needs to obtain 45% of the votes cast, or 40% and be 11% ahead of the second candidate.
    [Show full text]
  • Argentina: a Change of Course
    DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNALPOLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT BRIEFING Argentina: A change of course Author: Jesper TVEVAD On 10 December 2015, Mauricio Macri will assume the presidency of Argentina for four years, replacing President Cristina Fernández who has been in power since 2007. Macri, who has been mayor of the city of Buenos Aires since 2007, was elected to the post in the second round of the On 22 November 2015, presidential elections on 22 November 2015, when he received 51.4 % of the Mauricio Macri, candidate vote, against 48.6 % for Daniel Scioli of the governing Front for Victory (Frente of a coalition named 'Let's change' (Cambiemos), was para la Victoria, FpV). elected president of Macri was the candidate of a coalition named 'Let's change' (Cambiemos), Argentina. He will assume which included his own centre-right 'Republican Proposal' (Propuesta office on 10 December. Republicana, PRO). He is the first elected president in more than a century not to come from one of Argentina's two dominant political forces, the Peronist Macri received 51.4 % of the Party and the Radical Civic Union (Unión Cívica Radical, UCR). Macri's election vote in the second round of ends 12 years of Peronist governments under President Néstor Kirchner the presidential elections. (2003-2007) and his wife and successor, Cristina Fernández; it may also spell the demise of 'kirchnerism' (kirchnerismo), a broad popular movement representing the legacy of the Peronist tradition. However, parliamentary and His election ends 12 years provincial elections on 25 October confirmed the FpV as the strongest sector of Peronist governments.
    [Show full text]
  • Argentina's Trade Policy in the Context of Latin American Populism Natalie M
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Senior Theses Honors College 5-2017 Is Populism Against Trade? Argentina's Trade Policy in the Context of Latin American Populism Natalie M. Pita Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/senior_theses Part of the International Business Commons Recommended Citation Pita, Natalie M., "Is Populism Against Trade? Argentina's Trade Policy in the Context of Latin American Populism" (2017). Senior Theses. 201. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/senior_theses/201 This Thesis is brought to you by the Honors College at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IS POPULISM AGAINST TRADE? ARGENTINA’S TRADE POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF LATIN AMERICAN POPULISM By Natalie M. Pita Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with Honors from the South Carolina Honors College May 2017 Approved: Gerald A. McDermott Director of Thesis William R. Hauk, Jr. Second Reader Steve Lynn, Dean For South Carolina Honors College TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................3 OVERVIEW OF POPULISM.....................................................................................................7 POPULISM IN LATIN AMERICA.........................................................................................11 A RETURN TO POPULISM?.................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • Left Versus Right Populism: Antagonism and the Social Other
    Left versus Right Populism: Antagonism and the Social Other Pierre Ostiguy and María Esperanza Casullo [email protected] [email protected] Article very much in progress. Presented at the 67th PSA Annual International Conference, Glasgow, UK, 10-12 April 2017 Most theoretical works on populism are still pitched at the level of the category, or “root concept” (Collier and Levitsky 2009; Goertz 2006), although the “Tower of Babel” on the concept may be less than a few decades ago, at least in political science and sociology. A newer and much needed literature has begun to tackle the sub- categories of left- and right- populism (Filc 2010; Mudde and Rovira 2013, Roberts 2016; Zaslove 2008; Otjes and Louwerse, 2013; Stavrakakis and Katsambekis 2014).1 This more recent development has been triggered both by the emergence of clearly leftwing populism in the South of a continent, Europe, convinced that that populism was for all practical extent on the right, as well as by the increasing cross-regional comparison between Europe and Latin America, where populism in its third wave (the “Bolivarian” type) has been very clearly on the left, but which has also seen its share of right-wing populist leaders, like Carlos Menem and arguably Alvaro Uribe). In that much needed “descent” in the ladder of generalization, there is however a substantial danger that the rich theoretical unity of the concept may be lost or reduced to some trite banality, such as “anti-establishment politics”, a dichotomy between a “good” or “pure” people and a “bad” or “corrupt” elite, or even “irrational”, “angry” or “demagogical” politics.
    [Show full text]
  • The Languages of the Arab Revolutions Abdou Filali-Ansary the Freedom House Survey for 2011 Arch Puddington
    April 2012, Volume 23, Number 2 $12.00 The Languages of the Arab Revolutions Abdou Filali-Ansary The Freedom House Survey for 2011 Arch Puddington Tunisia’s Transition and the Twin Tolerations Alfred Stepan Forrest D. Colburn & Arturo Cruz S. on Nicaragua Ernesto Calvo & M. Victoria Murillo on Argentina’s Elections Arthur Goldsmith on “Bottom-Billion” Elections Ashutosh Varshney on “State-Nations” Tsveta Petrova on Polish Democracy Promotion Democracy and the State in Southeast Asia Thitinan Pongsudhirak Martin Gainsborough Dan Slater Donald K. Emmerson ArgentinA: the persistence of peronism Ernesto Calvo and M. Victoria Murillo Ernesto Calvo is associate professor of government and politics at the University of Maryland–College Park. M. Victoria Murillo is profes- sor of political science and international affairs at Columbia Univer- sity and the author of Political Competition, Partisanship, and Policy- making in Latin America (2009). On 23 October 2011, Argentina’s Peronist president Cristina Fernán- dez de Kirchner of the Justicialist Party (PJ) overcame a bumpy first term and comfortably won reelection. She garnered an outright major- ity of 54.1 percent of the popular vote in the first round, besting her 2007 showing by roughly 9 percentage points and avoiding a runoff. Although most observers had expected her to win, the sweeping scale of her victory exceeded the expectations of both her administration and the fragmented opposition. In the most lopsided presidential result since 1928,1 she carried 23 of Argentina’s 24 provinces while her leading rival Hermes Binner, the Socialist governor of Santa Fe Province, collected only 16.8 percent of the national vote.
    [Show full text]
  • Hermes Binner in Memori
    SUMARIO Un socialista más, pero no uno cualquiera Por MARIANO SCHUSTER Y FERNANDO MANUEL SUAREZ ............................................................. 7 Lo que brilla con luz propia nadie lo puede apagar Por GASTÓN D. BOZZANO ......................................................................................................................... 13 El padre de la criatura fue un solista que le dio vuelo propio al socialismo local Por MAURICIO MARONNA ......................................................................................................................... 17 Binner, el médico que inventó la marca Rosario Por LUIS BASTÚS ......................................................................................................................................... 20 Pablo Javkin recordó a Hermes Binner: Rosario ya te extraña y te honra Nota en el diario EL CIUDADANO ............................................................................................................ 22 Hermes Binner, el hombre que no se dejaba apurar por el tiempo Por DAVID NARCISO ................................................................................................................................... 24 Un buen hombre, un mejor amigo Por THOMAS ABRAHAM ............................................................................................................................. 29 Un dirigente que funcionó en modo política 30 años Por DANIEL LEÑINI ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]