JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Volume 82 June 2008 No. 11

SPOTLIGHT

Articles of Significant Interest Selected from This Issue by 5117 the Editors

STRUCTURE AND ASSEMBLY Surface Loop Dynamics in Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid Nina DiPrimio, Aravind Asokan, 5178–5189 Assembly Lakshmanan Govindasamy, Mavis Agbandje-McKenna, and R. Jude Samulski Arrangement of L2 within the Papillomavirus Capsid Christopher B. Buck, Naiqian 5190–5197 Cheng, Cynthia D. Thompson, Douglas R. Lowy, Alasdair C. Steven, John T. Schiller, and Benes L. Trus Simultaneous Tracking of Capsid, Tegument, and Envelope Ken Sugimoto, Masashi Uema, 5198–5211 Protein Localization in Living Cells Infected with Triply Hiroshi Sagara, Michiko Tanaka, Fluorescent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Tetsutaro Sata, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, and Yasushi Kawaguchi Proteomics Analysis Unravels the Functional Repertoire of Benjamin W. Neuman, Jeremiah S. 5279–5294 Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 3 Joseph, Kumar S. Saikatendu, Pedro Serrano, Amarnath Chatterjee, Margaret A. Johnson, Lujian Liao, Joseph P. Klaus, John R. Yates III, Kurt Wu¨thrich, Raymond C. Stevens, Michael J. Buchmeier, and Peter Kuhn Structural Basis for the Receptor Binding Specificity of Weiming Bu, Aygun Mamedova, 5340–5347 Norwalk Virus Ming Tan, Ming Xia, Xi Jiang, and Rashmi S. Hegde Proteomic Analysis of Pathogenic and Attenuated Inga Dry, David M. Haig, Neil F. 5390–5397 Alcelaphine Herpesvirus 1 Inglis, Lisa Imrie, James P. Stewart, and George C. Russell Plasma Membrane Microdomains Containing Vesicular B. Dancho Swinteck and Douglas 5536–5547 Stomatitis Virus M Protein Are Separate from S. Lyles Microdomains Containing G Protein and Nucleocapsids

GENOME REPLICATION AND REGULATION OF VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION Inhibition of Transcription and DNA Replication by the Ingo Ammermann, Markus 5127–5136 Papillomavirus E8ˆE2C Protein Is Mediated by Interaction Bruckner, Frank Matthes, Thomas with Corepressor Molecules Iftner, and Frank Stubenrauch Identification of a Highly Conserved, Functional Nuclear F. Abaitua and P. O’Hare 5234–5244 Localization Signal within the N-Terminal Region of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 VP1-2 Tegument Protein Cyclophilin A Is an Essential Cofactor for Hepatitis C Virus Feng Yang, Jason M. Robotham, 5269–5278 Infection and the Principal Mediator of Cyclosporine Heather B. Nelson, Andre Irsigler, Resistance In Vitro Rachael Kenworthy, and Hengli Tang

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Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Damage-Signaling Kinase- Xiaorong Zhao, Ramiro J. Madden- 5316–5328 and Proteasome-Dependent Destruction of Mre11-Rad50- Fuentes, Becky X. Lou, James M. Nbs1 Subunits in Simian Virus 40-Infected Primate Cells Pipas, Jeannine Gerhardt, Christopher J. Rigell, and Ellen Fanning Nuclear Localization Sequences in Cytomegalovirus Capsid Nang L. Nguyen, Amy N. Loveland, 5381–5389 Assembly Proteins (UL80 Proteins) Are Required for Virus and Wade Gibson Production: Inactivating NLS1, NLS2, or Both Affects Replication to Strikingly Different Extents Paucity of CD4؉ CCR5؉ T Cells May Prevent Transmission Ivona Pandrea, Richard Onanga, 5501–5509 of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in Natural Nonhuman Sandrine Souquiere, Augustin Primate Hosts by Breast-Feeding Mouinga-Onde´me, Olivier Bourry, Maria Makuwa, Pierre Rouquet, Guido Silvestri, Franc¸ois Simon, Pierre Roques, and Cristian Apetrei Roles of LEF-4 and PTP/BVP RNA Triphosphatases in Yi Li and Linda A. Guarino 5573–5583 Processing of Baculovirus Late mRNAs Comparison of Cellular Ribonucleoprotein Complexes Sarah Gallois-Montbrun, Rebecca 5636–5642 Associated with the APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G Antiviral K. Holmes, Chad M. Swanson, Proteins Mireia Ferna´ndez-Ocan˜a, Helen L. Byers, Malcolm A. Ward, and Michael H. Malim

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION Microevolution of Dengue Viruses Circulating among Richard G. Jarman, Edward C. 5494–5500 Primary School Children in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand Holmes, Prinyada Rodpradit, Chonticha Klungthong, Robert V. Gibbons, Ananda Nisalak, Alan L. Rothman, Daniel H. Libraty, Francis A. Ennis, Mammen P. Mammen, Jr., and Timothy P. Endy New Complex Recombinant Genotype of Hepatitis B Virus Tran Thien Tuan Huy, Trinh Thi 5657–5663 Identified in Vietnam Ngoc, and Kenji Abe

VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS Importance of the Membrane-Perturbing Properties of the Sundaram A. Vishwanathan and 5118–5126 Membrane-Proximal External Region of Human Eric Hunter Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp41 to Viral Fusion Persistent Replication of Severe Acute Respiratory Filippo Pacciarini, Silvia Ghezzi, 5137–5144 Syndrome Coronavirus in Human Tubular Kidney Cells Filippo Canducci, Amy Sims, Selects for Adaptive Mutations in the Membrane Protein Michela Sampaolo, Elena Ferioli, Massimo Clementi, Guido Poli, Pier Giulio Conaldi, Ralph Baric, and Elisa Vicenzi Vaccinia Virus A56/K2 Fusion Regulatory Protein Interacts Timothy R. Wagenaar, Suany 5153–5160 with the A16 and G9 Subunits of the Entry Fusion Complex Ojeda, and Bernard Moss Structural and Genetic Requirements for the Biogenesis of Livia Donaire, Daniel Barajas, 5167–5177 Tobacco Rattle Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs Bele´n Martı´nez-Garcı´a, Llucia Martı´nez-Priego, Israel Paga´n, and Ce´sar Llave West Nile Virus Entry Requires Cholesterol-Rich Membrane Guruprasad R. Medigeshi, Alec J. 5212–5219 Microdomains and Is Independent of ␣v␤3 Integrin Hirsch, Daniel N. Streblow, Janko Nikolich-Zugich, and Jay A. Nelson Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 UL56 Interacts with the Yoko Ushijima, Tetsuo Koshizuka, 5220–5233 Ubiquitin Ligase Nedd4 and Increases Its Ubiquitination Fumi Goshima, Hiroshi Kimura, and Yukihiro Nishiyama

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MicroRNA-155 Is an Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Gene That Qinyan Yin, Jane McBride, Claire 5295–5306 Modulates Epstein-Barr Virus-Regulated Gene Expression Fewell, Michelle Lacey, Xia Wang, Pathways Zhen Lin, Jennifer Cameron, and Erik K. Flemington Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones Are Involved in the Liliana Maruri-Avidal, Susana 5368–5380 Morphogenesis of Rotavirus Infectious Particles Lo´pez, and Carlos F. Arias Role of the Membrane-Spanning Domain of Human Liang Shang, Ling Yue, and Eric 5417–5428 Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein in Hunter Cell-Cell Fusion and Virus Infection Upregulation of the TLR3 Pathway by Kaposi’s Sarcoma- John West and Blossom Damania 5440–5449 Associated Herpesvirus during Primary Infection An Alteration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Brian M. Taylor, J. Scott Foulke, 5460–5471 Leads to Reduced CCR5 Dependence and CD4 Robin Flinko, Alonso Heredia, Independence Anthony DeVico, and Marvin Reitz Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 Induces Che-Pei Kung and Nancy Raab- 5486–5493 Expression of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Traub through Effects on Bcl-3 and STAT3 Herpes Simplex Virus Virion Host Shutoff Attenuates Tracy Jo Pasieka, Betty Lu, Seth D. 5527–5535 Establishment of the Antiviral State Crosby, Kristine M. Wylie, Lynda A. Morrison, Diane E. Alexander, Vineet D. Menachery, and David A. Leib Coreceptor Tropism Can Be Influenced by Amino Acid Wei Huang, Jonathan Toma, Signe 5584–5593 Substitutions in the gp41 Transmembrane Subunit of Fransen, Eric Stawiski, Jacqueline Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein D. Reeves, Jeannette M. Whitcomb, Neil Parkin, and Christos J. Petropoulos

CELLULAR RESPONSE TO INFECTION Restriction of Foamy Viruses by Primate Trim5␣ Melvyn W. Yap, Dirk Lindemann, 5429–5439 Nicole Stanke, Juliane Reh, Dana Westphal, Helmut Hanenberg, Sadayuki Ohkura, and Jonathan P. Stoye

TRANSFORMATION AND ONCOGENESIS Mutations Affecting the MA Portion of the v-Abl Protein Chae-ryun Yi and Naomi Rosenberg 5307–5315 Reveal a Conserved Role of Gag in Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) and Moloney MLV

VACCINES AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS A Direct Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 Nadja Tho¨nes, Anna Herreiner, 5472–5485 Particles Reveals a Lower Immunogenicity of Capsomeres Lysann Scha¨dlich, Konrad Piuko, than Viruslike Particles with Respect to the Induced and Martin Mu¨ller Antibody Response Persistence of Transmitted Drug Resistance among Subjects Susan J. Little, Simon D. W. Frost, 5510–5518 with Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Joseph K. Wong, Davey M. Smith, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Caroline C. Ignacio, Neil T. Parkin, Christos J. Petropoulos, and Douglas D. Richman Recruitment of Antigen-Presenting Cells to the Site of Jinyan Liu, Rune Kjeken, Iacob 5643–5649 Inoculation and Augmentation of Human Immunodeficiency Mathiesen, and Dan H. Barouch Virus Type 1 DNA Vaccine Immunogenicity by In Vivo Electroporation

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Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vector Mediates Thomas W. Geisbert, Kathleen M. 5664–5668 Postexposure Protection against Sudan Ebola Hemorrhagic Daddario-DiCaprio, Kinola J. N. Fever in Nonhuman Primates Williams, Joan B. Geisbert, Anders Leung, Friederike Feldmann, Lisa E. Hensley, Heinz Feldmann, and Steven M. Jones

PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNITY Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dynamics and Alpha Interferon Ousmane M. Diop, Mickae¨l J.-Y. 5145–5152 Production during Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Ploquin, Lorenzo Mortara, with a Nonpathogenic Outcome Abdourahmane Faye, Be´atrice Jacquelin, De´sire´e Kunkel, Pierre Lebon, Ce´cile Butor, Anne Hosmalin, Franc¸oise Barre´-Sinoussi, and Michaela C. Mu¨ller-Trutwin Cross-Recognition of Avian H5N1 Influenza Virus by J. H. C. M. Kreijtz, G. de Mutsert, 5161–5166 Human Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Populations Directed to C. A. van Baalen, R. A. M. Human Influenza A Virus Fouchier, A. D. M. E. Osterhaus, and G. F. Rimmelzwaan Comprehensive Immunological Evaluation Reveals Nicholas J. Maness, Levi J. Yant, 5245–5254 Surprisingly Few Differences between Elite Controller and Chungwon Chung, John T. Loffredo, Progressor Mamu-B17-Positive Simian Immunodeficiency Thomas C. Friedrich, Shari M. Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques Piaskowski, Jessica Furlott, Gemma E. May, Taeko Soma, Enrique J. Leo´n, Nancy A. Wilson, Helen Piontkivska, Austin L. Hughes, John Sidney, Alessandro Sette, and David I. Watkins Comparative Neuropathogenesis and Neurovirulence of Olga A. Maximova, Jerrold M. 5255–5268 Attenuated Flaviviruses in Nonhuman Primates Ward, David M. Asher, Marisa St. Claire, Brad W. Finneyfrock, James M. Speicher, Brian R. Murphy, and Alexander G. Pletnev A Fusion Inhibitor Prevents Spread of Immunodeficiency I. Frank, H. Sto¨ssel, A. Gettie, S. G. 5329–5339 Viruses, but Not Activation of Virus-Specific T Cells, by Turville, J. W. Bess, Jr., J. D. Dendritic Cells Lifson, I. Sivin, N. Romani, and M. Robbiani Whole-Genome Expression Profiling Reveals That Inhibition Amy L. Hartman, Ling Ling, Stuart 5348–5358 of Host Innate Immune Response Pathways by Ebola Virus T. Nichol, and Martin L. Hibberd Can Be Reversed by a Single Amino Acid Change in the VP35 Protein Attenuation of V- or C-Defective Measles Viruses: Infection Patricia Devaux, Gregory Hodge, 5359–5367 Control by the Inflammatory and Interferon Responses of Michael B. McChesney, and Rhesus Monkeys Roberto Cattaneo HLA Class I-Restricted T-Cell Responses May Contribute to Brinda Emu, Elizabeth Sinclair, 5398–5407 the Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, Hiroyu Hatano, April Ferre, but Such Responses Are Not Always Necessary for Long- Barbara Shacklett, Jeffrey N. Term Virus Control Martin, J. M. McCune, and Steven G. Deeks Characterization of a Rhesus Monkey Calicivirus Tibor Farkas, Karol Sestak, Chao 5408–5416 Representing a New Genus of Caliciviridae Wei, and Xi Jiang Robust NK Cell-Mediated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Ivan Stratov, Amy Chung, and 5450–5459 (HIV)-Specific Antibody-Dependent Responses in HIV- Stephen J. Kent Infected Subjects Demyelinating and Nondemyelinating Strains of Mouse Jayasri Das Sarma, Kathryn Iacono, 5519–5526 Hepatitis Virus Differ in Their Neural Cell Tropism Lilli Gard, Ryan Marek, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Michael Koval, and Susan R. Weiss

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Characterization of the Follicular Dendritic Cell Reservoir Brandon F. Keele, Loubna Tazi, 5548–5561 of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Suzanne Gartner, Yiling Liu, Trever B. Burgon, Jacob D. Estes, Tyler C. Thacker, Keith A. Crandall, Justin C. McArthur, and Gregory F. Burton Increased In Vivo Activation of Microglia and Astrocytes in Jinglin Sun, Jian Hua Zheng, 5562–5572 the Brains of Mice Transgenic for an Infectious R5 Human Mengliang Zhao, Sunhee Lee, and Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Provirus and for CD4- Harris Goldstein Specific Expression of Human Cyclin T1 in Response to Stimulation by Lipopolysaccharides Structural and Functional Constraints Limit Options for Arne Schneidewind, Mark A. 5594–5605 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Escape in the Immunodominant Brockman, John Sidney, Yaoyu E. HLA-B27-Restricted Epitope in Human Immunodeficiency Wang, Huabiao Chen, Todd J. Virus Type 1 Capsid Suscovich, Bin Li, Rahma I. Adam, Rachel L. Allgaier, Bianca R. Mothe´, Thomas Kuntzen, Cesar Oniangue-Ndza, Alicja Trocha, Xu G. Yu, Christian Brander, Alessandro Sette, Bruce D. Walker, and Todd M. Allen Anticapsid Immunity Level, Not Viral Persistence Level, Jinjong Myoung, Young Yil Bahk, 5606–5617 Correlates with the Progression of Theiler’s Virus-Induced Hyun Seok Kang, Mauro C. Dal Demyelinating Disease in Viral P1-Transgenic Mice Canto, and Byung S. Kim Increased Loss of CCR5؉ CD45RA؊ CD4؉ T Cells in CD8؉ Ronald S. Veazey, Paula M. 5618–5630 Lymphocyte-Depleted Simian Immunodeficiency Virus- Acierno, Kimberly J. McEvers, Infected Rhesus Monkeys Susanne H. C. Baumeister, Gabriel J. Foster, Melisa D. Rett, Michael H. Newberg, Marcelo J. Kuroda, Kenneth Williams, Eun-Young Kim, Steven M. Wolinsky, E. Peter Rieber, Michael Piatak, Jr., Jeffrey D. Lifson, David C. Montefiori, Charles R. Brown, Vanessa M. Hirsch, and Jo¨rn E. Schmitz Contribution of CD8؉ T Cells to Containment of Viral Eun-Young Kim, Ronald S. Veazey, 5631–5635 Replication and Emergence of Mutations in Mamu-A01- Roland Zahn, Kimberly J. McEvers, Restricted Epitopes in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus- Susanne H. C. Baumeister, Gabriel Infected Rhesus Monkeys J. Foster, Melisa D. Rett, Michael H. Newberg, Marcelo J. Kuroda, E. Peter Rieber, Michael Piatak, Jr., Jeffrey D. Lifson, Norman L. Letvin, Steven M. Wolinsky, and Jo¨rn E. Schmitz High Temperature (30°C) Blocks Aerosol but Not Contact Anice C. Lowen, John Steel, Samira 5650–5652 Transmission of Influenza Virus Mubareka, and Peter Palese Different Mutational Pathways to CXCR4 Coreceptor Switch Siu-hong Ho, Nataliya Trunova, 5653–5656 of CCR5-Using Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Agegnehu Gettie, James Blanchard, and Cecilia Cheng-Mayer

ERRATUM Virus-Specific mRNA Capping Enzyme Encoded by Hepatitis Julia Magden, Naokazu Takeda, 5669 E Virus Tiancheng Li, Petri Auvinen, Tero Ahola, Tatsuo Miyamura, Andres Merits, and Leevi Ka¨a¨ria¨inen

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AUTHOR’S CORRECTION In Vitro Analysis of Transneuronal Spread of an B. Feierbach, M. Bisher, J. 5670 Alphaherpesvirus Infection in Peripheral Nervous System Goodhouse, and L. W. Enquist Neurons

Cover photograph (Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.): Artistic rendering of adeno- associated virus type 2 capsid pentamers showcasing ribbon and surface models highlighting the prominent HI loop on the capsid surface. Based on recent structure-function studies, the HI loop has been shown to be necessary for proper viral protein incorporation into the intact virion and viral DNA encapsidation. The image was further modified in MacPymol and Adobe Photoshop. (Modeling and artwork provided by Nina DiPrimio, Aravind Asokan, Lakshamanan Govindasamy, Mavis Agbandje- McKenna, and R. Jude Samulski.) (See related article on p. 5178.)