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2017, Tomo 2 Interdisiplinaryong Journal sa Edukasyong Pangkultura Talas: Interdisiplinaryong Journal sa Edukasyong Pangkultura 2017, Tomo 2 Karapatang-ari @ 2017 Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining at Philippine Cultural Education Program Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining Philippine Cultural Education Program Room 5D #633 General Luna Street, Inramuros, Maynila Telepono: (02) 527-2192, lokal 529 Email: [email protected] BACH Institute, Inc. Bulacan Arts Culture and History Institute 2nd Floor, Gat Blas Ople Building Sentro ng Sining at Kultura ng Bulacan Bulacan Provincial Capitol, Complex Malolos City, Bulacan 3000 The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) is the overall coordination and policy making government body that systematizes and streamlines national efforts in promoting culture and the arts. The NCCA promotes cultural and artistic development: conserves and promotes the nation’s historical and cultural heritages; ensures the widest dissemination of artistic and cultural products among the greatest number across the country; preserves and integrates traditional culture and its various expressions as dynamic part of the national cultural mainstream; and ensures that standards of excellence are pursued in programs and activities. The NCCA administers the National Endowment Fund for Culture and the Arts (NEFCA). Hindi maaaring kopyahin ang alinmang bahagi ng aklat sa alinmang paraan—grapiko, elektroniko, mekanikal—nang walang nakasulat na pahintulot mula sa mga may hawak ng karapatang-sipi. 5 Lupon ng EditorEditor Nilalaman Paunang Salita/Joseph “Sonny” Cristobal 7 Introduksiyon/Galileo S. Zafra 8 Joseph “Sonny” Cristobal Direktor, Philippine Cultural Education Program Mga Saliksik at Malikhaing Akda Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining Tagapaglathala I. Kasákit endú Tudtúlan: Danas ng “Sákit” sa Kuwento ng isang Maguindanaon para sa “Sariling Pagtatakda” Mary Jane B. Rodriguez-Tatel Joseph “Sonny” Cristobal, Punong Editor 13 Galileo S. Zafra, Editor ng Isyu II. Mga Naratibo ng Pakikibaka sa Hacienda San Antonio Alpha Ruiz, Tagapamahalang Editor at Sta. Isabel ng Ilagan, Isabela Laban sa Korporasyong ANCA Veronica Ginez, Tagadisenyo ng Pabalat at Journal (1980-1983) Joanne V. Manzano 51 Alpha Ruiz, Program Officer Jennifer Barberan, Information and Documentation Officer III. Ang Bawat Panayam ay Paaralan ng Pagkatuto: Agnes Villareal, Administrative Officer Ang Peministang Paghabi ng Kasaysayan Jonna Requiestas-Cadiente, Project Assistant ng Kababaihan ng Tundo Sekretaryat ng PCEP Nancy Kimuell-Gabriel 69 Herminia Laudencia IV. Sabungerong Indio, Dayuhang Manonood: Rey Clement Maaliao Mga Panlipunang Pananaw at Kaisipan sa Pagsasabong BACH Staff at Sabungan mula sa mga Tala ng Dantaon 19 Emmanuel Jayson V. Bolata 91 V. Si Kapitan Andres Novales at ang Kaniyang Ang Talas Journal ay isang refereed journal na dumaraan sa double-blind na proseso ng pag- referee. Ang mga artikulo ay sinuri ng mga editor at referee. May karapatan ang mga editor na Pag-aalsa Noong 1823 tanggapin o hindi ang mga materyal na isinumite sa journal. Palmo R. Iya 109 VI. Masid, Unawa at Arok sa Ako ng Penitensiya sa Kalayaan, Laguna Jeremy Reuel N. dela Cruz 125 VII. Bitak sa Tapayan: Ilang Tala at Tagay hinggil sa Karahasan, Kagandahang-asal at Awit-epikong Kudaman ng Palawan Arbeen R. Acuña 149 VIII. Idealismo sa Patnubay at Panuto: Pananagisag sa Birtud ng Babae sa Awit Pauline Mari Hernando 165 6 7 IX. Sa Pagitan ng Agham at Sining: Paunang Salita/Joseph “Sonny” Cristobal Ang Kaso ng Epektibong Pakikipagkapuwa U Z. Eliserio 189 May bagong latag na plano ang Philippine Cultural Education Program (PCEP) ng National X. En Memoria Cariñosa: Soldado Tenso Conserbado (1898-1976) Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) para sa darating na limang taon (2018-2023). Ang Amado Anthony G. Mendoza III 199 planong ito ay hinubog ng mga alalahanin at paghahanda sa kahaharaping hamon ng edukasyong kultural ng NCCA para sa pamayanang Filipino. Ang gawain at katuparan ng PCEP 2018-2023 plan ay mas malaki pa sa mandato ng NCCA, kaya nangangailangan ito ng suporta mula sa mga ahensiya XI. Mga Tula— ng pamahalaan, pribadong mga organisasyon at institusyon sa kultura at edukasyon, at sa mga Ang Tagapangalaga ng Liham indibidwal tulad ng guro, mag-aaral, mananaliksik sa sektor ng edukasyon upang mapagtagumpayan Liham Kay Sido ito. Liham sa Taga-Islang Lumisan Ang edukasyong kultural sa konteksto ng Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022 ay Allan C. Popa 207 nakakawing sa AmBisyon 2040 ng Pamahalaang Filipino. Ambisyon nito ang isang bansang ang mamamayan ay malaya sa kagutuman at kahirapan, may pantay na pagkakataon, may katarungan, at XII. Kappanimad-On: Ang Adaptibong Kasangkapang Pangwika may lipunang pinangangasiwaan ng kaayusan at pagkakaisa. at Pagtingin sa Ilang Tala Ukol sa Pagpapayabong Kailangan ding ihanda ang edukasyong kultural sa impact ng Association of Southeast ng Kaalamang-Bayan sa UP Kolehiyo ng Agham Panlipunan Asian Nations (ASEAN) Integration sa edukasyong Filipino, gayundin sa mga maaaring epekto ng at Pilosopiya mga programa at kasunduang tulad ng ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF), Vicente C. Villan 211 ASEAN International Mobility of Students (AIMS) Program, at ASEAN University Network (AUN). Nakapaloob din sa naging paghahanda sa PCEP 2017-2022 ang kapalaran ng wikang XIII. Tabi-tabi Folkloradyo! sa DZUP 1602: Salugpungan pambansa at ng K+12 Basic Education Curriculum. ng Folklore, Agham Panlipunan at Philippine Studies Ang paglalathala ng PCEP sa Talas Journal ay isang tugon sa mga kontekstong nabanggit. sa Pangmadlang Komunikasyon Sa pamamagitan ng akademikong lathalaing ito, inaasahang mabibigyan ang mga mambabasa, Carlos P. Tatel, Jr. 231 lalo na yaong nasa larang ng edukasyong pangkultura, ng mga tekstong mapanuri at malikhain na maaaring magsilbing hikayat at hamon para makilahok sa produksiyon ng kaalaman na mahalaga sa XIV. Pasundayag: Pagpapalitaw ng Kapangyarihang Kultural nagbabagong mga konteksto ng edukasyon, kultura, at lipunang Filipino. sa Kasaysayan at Pilosopiyang Pilipino Pagbati sa lahat ng mga nag-ambag sa paglalathala ng Talas Journal 2017. Ma. Theresa T. Payongayong 241 XV. Paglusong at Pagsulong sa Wika, Kultura, at Lipunang Filipino sa Sistemang Dihital: Karanasan sa Proyektong eFilipiniana MOOC JOSEPH “SONNY” CRISTOBAL ng UP Open University Jayson de Guzman Petras Direktor 257 Philippine Cultural Education Program National Commission for Culture and the Arts Ang mga Manunulat 275 Tomo 2, 2017/ TALAS 8 9 lalong mahalaga sa pagsisiyasat sa personal at kolektibong buhay ng kababaihang mahihirap dahil Introduksiyon/Galileo S. Zafra ang mga salaysay nila ay hindi nagkapuwang sa mga sangguniang nakasulat. Sa may tatlong taong pananaliksik ng awtor sa larang, hindi lamang mga salaysay ng kababaihan ang kaniyang nalikom kundi maging ang mga danas at kabatiran hinggil sa gawaing panlarang at kasaysayang pasalita bilang Kailangan ng talas sa edukasyong pangkultura. Talas ng ulo. Talas ng isip. Talas hindi lang sa mga pamamaraan ng pananaliksik. Ambag ang papel na ito sa patuloy na paglinang sa peministang metodo ng pagtuturo kundi lalo na, sa laman ng ituturo. Talas hindi lang sa paghahanap ng nilalaman metodo ng pananaliksik na nakapook sa kultura at lipunang Filipino. ng pagtuturo kundi sa mismong produksiyon ng ituturong kaalaman at karunungan. Sa artikulong “Ang Sabungerong Indio, Dayuhang Manonood: Mga Panlipunang Pananaw Sa koleksiyong ito ng Talas Journal, ang ikalawang tomo, napapatampok ang mga saliksik at Kaisipan sa Pagsasabong at Sabungan mula sa mga Tala ng Dantaon 19” ni Emmanuel Jayson at suri sa iba’t ibang aspekto ng kultura at lipunang Filipino. Makabuluhan ang mga artikulo hindi V. Bolata, imbestigasyon sa artsibo at metodong dokumentaryo naman ang ginamit na mga lamang dahil sa inilalahad nitong mga kaalaman, pananaw, idea, kundi maging sa ipinamamalas nitong pamamaraan ng pananaliksik. Paksa ng papel ang kultura ng sabong sa dantaon 19. Pangunahing mga paraan ng pananaliksik at pamantayan ng pagsusuri. Mababasa, kundi ma’y mahihiwatigan batis ng mananaliksik ang primaryang sanggunian—ang 17 tala ng mga paglalakbay na sinulat ng mga sa mga artikulo ang mga batayan ng pagpili ng paksa at pagtiyak ng suliranin ng pag-aaral; ang dayuhang namalagi sa Filipinas nang may iba’t ibang tagal. Ngunit hindi niya ginamit ang mga tala pagtukoy ng puwang sa pananaliksik batay sa daloy ng mga naunang pag-aaral; ang pagpapasiya ng paglalakbay bilang transparente at di-problematikong dokumentasyon ng iba’t ibang aspekto ng sa pinakaangkop na metodo ng pananaliksik; at ang pagtiyak sa teorya, konsepto, o dalamut na kulturang Filipino, lalo na ng sabong. Sa halip, isinailalim niya ang mga ito sa mapanuring pagbasa na, babalangkas ng pag-aaral o magiging salalayan ng pagsusuri—ang lahat ng ito ay pawang hinuhugis sa kabila ng mga pagtuligsa sa sabong, humantong sa kabatiran na ang patuloy na pag-iral ng sabong ng oryentasyong Filipino ng Filipinong mananaliksik, at pangunahing hinuhulma ng Filipinong ay patunay ng patuloy ring paggigiit ng mga sinakop sa kanilang kultura sa gitna ng kolonyalismo. konteksto ng kultura, lipunan, at kasaysayan. Mga primarya rin pati na sekundaryang materyal ang sinangguni ni Palmo R. Iya sa Sa papel na “Kasákit endú Tudtúlan: Danas ng ‘Sákit’ sa Kuwento ng Isang Maguindanaon kaniyang papel na “Si Kapitan Andres Novales at ang Kaniyang Pag-Aalsa Noong 1823.” Ang para sa ‘Sariling Pagtatakda’” ni Mary Jane
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  • Researchonline@JCU

    Researchonline@JCU

    ResearchOnline@JCU This is the Published Version of a paper published in the journal Pacific Journalism Review: Forbes, Amy (2015) Courageous women in media: Marcos and censorship in the Philippines. Pacific Journalism Review, 21 (1). pp. 195-210. http://www.pjreview.info/articles/courageous-women- media-marcos-and-censorship-philippines-1026 POLITICAL JOURNALISM IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC PHILIPPINES 14. Courageous women in media Marcos and censorship in the Philippines Abstract: When Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos declared Martial Law in 1972, press freedom became the first casualty in the country that once boasted of being the ‘freest in Asia’. Printing presses, newspaper offices, television and radio stations were raided and padlocked. Marcos was especially fearful of the press and ordered the arrest of journalists whom he charged with conspiring with the ‘Left’. Pressured into lifting martial law after nearly 10 years, Marcos continued to censor the media, often de- manding publishers to sack journalists whose writing he disapproved of. Ironically, he used the same ‘subversive writings’ as proof to Western observers that freedom of the press was alive and well under his dictatorship. This article looks at the writings of three female journalists from the Bulletin Today. The author examines the work of Arlene Babst, Ninez Cacho-Olivares, and Melinda de Jesus and how they traversed the dictator’s fickle, sometimes volatile, reception of their writing. Interviewed is Ninez Cacho-Olivare, who used humour and fairy tales in her popular column to criticise Marcos, his wife, Imelda, and even the military that would occasionally ‘invite’ her for questioning. She explains an unwritten code of conduct between Marcos and female journalists that served to shield them from total political repression.