State Government Solutions to the Niger Delta Troubles: Key Challenges, Needs and Strategies
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An Analysis of What Works and What Doesn't
Radicalisation and Deradicalisation in Nigeria: An Analysis of What Works and What Doesn’t Nasir Abubakar Daniya i Radicalisation and Deradicalisation in Nigeria: An Analysis of What Works and What Doesn’t. Nasir Abubakar Daniya Student Number: 13052246 A Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of Requirements for award of: Professional Doctorate Degree in Policing Security and Community Safety London Metropolitan University Faculty of Social Science and Humanities March 2021 Thesis word count: 104, 482 ii Abstract Since Nigeria’s independence from Britain in 1960, the country has made some progress while also facing some significant socio-economic challenges. Despite being one of the largest producers of oil in the world, in 2018 and 2019, the Brooking Institution and World Poverty Clock respectively ranked Nigeria amongst top three countries with extreme poverty in the World. Muslims from the north and Christians from the south dominate the country; each part has its peculiar problem. There have been series of agitations by the militants from the south to break the country due to unfair treatments by the Nigerian government. They produced multiple violent groups that killed people and destroyed properties and oil facilities. In the North, an insurgent group called Boko Haram emerges in 2009; they advocated for the establishment of an Islamic state that started with warning that, western education is prohibited. Reports say the group caused death of around 100,000 and displaced over 2 million people. As such, Niger Delta Militancy and Boko Haram Insurgency have been major challenges being faced by Nigeria for about a decade. To address such challenges, the Nigerian government introduced separate counterinsurgency interventions called Presidential Amnesty Program (PAP) and Operation Safe Corridor (OSC) in 2009 and 2016 respectively, which are both aimed at curtailing Militancy and Insurgency respectively. -
Towards a New Type of Regime in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Towards a New Type of Regime in Sub-Saharan Africa? DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS BUT NO DEMOCRACY Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos cahiers & conférences travaux & recherches les études The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non-governmental and a non- profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. The Sub-Saharian Africa Program is supported by: Translated by: Henry Kenrick, in collaboration with the author © Droits exclusivement réservés – Ifri – Paris, 2010 ISBN: 978-2-86592-709-8 Ifri Ifri-Bruxelles 27 rue de la Procession Rue Marie-Thérèse, 21 75740 Paris Cedex 15 – France 1000 Bruxelles – Belgique Tél. : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 Tél. : +32 (0)2 238 51 10 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Internet Website : Ifri.org Summary Sub-Saharan African hopes of democratization raised by the end of the Cold War and the decline in the number of single party states are giving way to disillusionment. -
Growing Insecurity in Rivers: Impacts of Re-Run Elections
THE FUND FOR PEACE PARTNERSHIPS INITATIVE IN THE NIGER DELTA NIGER DELTA PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVE Growing Insecurity in Rivers: Impacts of Re-Run Elections Briefing: May 2016 Elections have been a cyclical driver of House of Assembly and Governorship Rivers State, Nigeria conflict risk and violence in Rivers state elections in Rivers. The Independent since 1999. The state was reported to have National Election Commission (INEC) had the highest number of violent incidents headquarters in the state were reportedly during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria. burnt down during the 11 April 2015 In the lead-up and aftermath of the 2016 gubernatorial and state House of Assembly legislative election rerun on 19 March, elections. Heavy gun shots and fatalities Rivers was once again marred by wide- were reported across the state amidst a spread political and cult violence with massive deployment of public security fatalities in the lead-up surpassing any forces. period since 2009. This ongoing cycle of insecurity is not only impacting the citizens There were allegations of widespread voter of the state, but also business. manipulation, intimidation, violence, and hijacking of voting materials. The outcome According to the National Bureau of of the elections was characterised by Statistics, Rivers has the second largest GDP protests and petitions. Eventually, 22 out of after Lagos, but it is also one of the most the 32 State House of Assembly seats and violent states per capita in the Niger Delta. 12 of the 13 Federal House of Representa- This briefing outlines the growing insecurity With increasing insecurity in the state tives, as well as three Senators elected on in Rivers State, Nigeria in the lead up to the surrounding election cycles in 2015 and the platform of the People’s Democratic latest round of the legislative elections in 2016, there are growing concerns that local Party (PDP), were nullified by the elections March 2016. -
Commission of Inquiry To
Commission of Inquiry to Investigate all the Politically Motivated Killings and Damage to Property in Rivers State Immediately Before, During and After the 2015 General Elections COMMISSION OF INQUIRY TO INVESTIGATE POLITICALLY MOTIVATED KILLINGS AND DAMAGE TO PROPERTY BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER THE 2015 GENERAL ELECTIONS IN RIVERS STATE FINAL REPORT MAY 21, 2015 1 Commission of Inquiry to Investigate all the Politically Motivated Killings and Damage to Property in Rivers State Immediately Before, During and After the 2015 General Elections 2 Commission of Inquiry to Investigate all the Politically Motivated Killings and Damage to Property in Rivers State Immediately Before, During and After the 2015 General Elections TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 5 1. Introduction: Establishment, Schedule & Working Methods 47 2. Scope of Work of the Inquiry: Immediate Causes 57 I. Temporal Scope: “Events Before, During and After the 57 2015 General Elections II. Substantive Scope: “Politically Motivated Violence” 64 3. Methodology: Bases for Findings 81 I. Summary of Incidents Reported to the Commission 82 of Inquiry II. Analysis of Violations by Electoral Cycle 88 4. Remote Causes 96 5. Laws Applicable to Political Violence 109 Summary of the Allegations and Petitions Received 118 6. Recommendations 141 3 Commission of Inquiry to Investigate all the Politically Motivated Killings and Damage to Property in Rivers State Immediately Before, During and After the 2015 General Elections GLOSSARY ACN Action Congress of Nigeria ANPP All Nigeria Peoples Party -
Press Release | July 5, 2021
Press Release | July 5, 2021 Julius Berger Completes more Roads in Rivers The Rivers State Government has during the week commissioned more projects successfully completed and delivered well ahead of schedule in the state by the country’s engineering construction leader and most reliable infrastructure development partner, Julius Berger Nigeria Plc. The newly completed and commissioned road projects are William Jumbo Street, Ernest Ikoli Street, Eleme Street, Akasa Street and Obagi Street. Comprised within the Old Port Harcourt GRA, these roads are all well enabled with streetlights for beauty and nighttime security. Simultaneously, the Rivers State Government also gave Julius Berger the go ahead to commence the construction of two major infrastructural development projects. One of the new projects is the construction of Mgbuitanwo Road in Emohua Local Government Area. His Excellency, Senator Gabriel Suswam, former Executive Governor of Benue State was the guest of honor at the flag off ceremony. The other new project is the construction of the Rumuepirikom Flyover at Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. This flyover is statistically described as Flyover 9 by the Governor Wike administration in Rivers State. Both projects are part of the Urban Renewal Programme of the Governor Wike administration for which Julius Berger has been a dependable partner. The Executive Governor of Rivers State, His Excellency, Ezenwo Nyesom Wike, CON, fondly christened ‘Mr. Projects’ by the Rivers people, was present at the projects commissioning along with members of the State Executive Council, senior civil servants, traditional rulers, women and youths’ organizations as well as the management of Julius Berger Nigeria Plc. -
Rivers Conflict Tracker June 2018
Conflict Incident Monthly Tracker Rivers State: May - Ju ne 20 1 8 B a ck gro und land and poor amenities in their Ethno-nationalism: In May, many members communities in Tai LGA. The protesters of the Movement for the Actualization of the This monthly tracker is designed to update marched to the Rivers State Government Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) were Peace Agents on patterns and trends in House, calling on the Federal government to reportedly arrested by the police in Port conflict risk and violence, as identified by the rebuild their land that was destroyed over 24 Harcourt. The supporters of the movement Integrated Peace and Development Unit years ago. were celebrating the ‘National Day’ and 18th (IPDU) early warning system, and to seek Criminality and communal conflict were key year anniversary of the agitation for the feedback and input for response to mitigate drivers of violence affecting women and girls sovereign state of Biafra. areas of conflict. (VAWG) during the period. Others: In May, a jetty, boats and other Patterns and Trends Violence Affecting Women and Girls marine equipment worth billions of naira M arch -M ay 2 018 (VAWG): In April, gunmen ripped open the were destroyed by fire reportedly caused by womb of a teenager who was pregnant and illegal oil bunkering in Obio/Akpor LGA. According to Peace Map data (see Figure 1), took away the fetus in Emohua LGA. Separately, rainstorm destroyed several incidents reported during this period Separately, five persons including a pregnant property, including buildings, cars, and included communal tensions, gang/cult woman were reportedly killed during a clash electricity poles in Obio/Akpor LGA. -
Gov. Rotimi Amaechi, Keynote Speaker
2014 RSF ANNUAL CONVENTION, OCTOBER 10-13 Gov. Rotimi Amaechi, Keynote Speaker SECURITY AND EMPOWERMENT: Building a Secured Rivers State that Empowers Growth and Citizenship THE WESTIN WASHINGTON DULLES AIRPORT 2520 Wasser Terrace, Herndon, VA 20171 T 703.793.3366 F 703.793.3866 www.westindulles.com Rivers State Foundation (OR copy and paste the following link into a web browser) https://www.starwoodmeeting.com/StarGroupsWeb/res?id=1409051887&key=28C8674D Promote your Organizations and Businesses AD: Full color page-$150; 1/2- page-$75; 1/4-page-$50 Send AD in MS Word/PDF format to [email protected] before 9/28/2014 HIGHLIGHTS OF CONFERENCE THEME: SECURITY AND EMPOWERMENT THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SECURITY As recorded in the fundamental objectives and directive policy of state policy enshrined in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nige- ria of which Rivers State is a part, the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government. However, over the past several years insecurity (and not security) has reigned supreme in our state. Rivers State and much of the Niger Delta area have witnessed threats to security including kidnappings, robberies, murders, gang or cult-related violence and killings, bombings, political vio- lence, etc. These criminal activities emanating from poverty, desperation, loss of values, moral rectitude, and joblessness have tremen- dously impacted the people negatively on several fronts including politically, socio-culturally, and economically. On a few occasions, the U. S. Department of State has warned its citizens of the risks of travel to Nigeria, recommending them to avoid all with the exception of essential travel to the Niger Delta states of Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Delta, and Rivers. -
First Election Security Threat Assessment
SECURITY THREAT ASSESSMENT: TOWARDS 2015 ELECTIONS January – June 2013 edition With Support from the MacArthur Foundation Table of Contents I. Executive Summary II. Security Threat Assessment for North Central III. Security Threat Assessment for North East IV. Security Threat Assessment for North West V. Security Threat Assessment for South East VI. Security Threat Assessment for South South VII. Security Threat Assessment for South West Executive Summary Political Context The merger between the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), All Nigerian Peoples Party (ANPP) and other smaller parties, has provided an opportunity for opposition parties to align and challenge the dominance of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). This however will also provide the backdrop for a keenly contested election in 2015. The zoning arrangement for the presidency is also a key issue that will define the face of the 2015 elections and possible security consequences. Across the six geopolitical zones, other factors will define the elections. These include the persisting state of insecurity from the insurgency and activities of militants and vigilante groups, the high stakes of election as a result of the availability of derivation revenues, the ethnic heterogeneity that makes elite consensus more difficult to attain, as well as the difficult environmental terrain that makes policing of elections a herculean task. Preparations for the Elections The political temperature across the country is heating up in preparation for the 2015 elections. While some state governors are up for re-election, most others are serving out their second terms. The implication is that most of the states are open for grab by either of the major parties and will therefore make the electoral contest fiercer in 2015 both within the political parties and in the general election. -
Institutionally Generated Crises and the Challenges of Economic Integration in South-South Nigeria
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 1, Ver. I (Jan. 2014), PP 19-27 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Institutionally Generated Crises and the Challenges of Economic Integration in South-South Nigeria Ebebe A. Ukpong1 & Moses U. Ikoh2 1. Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. 2. Department of Sociology, Federal University, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Abstract: In this paper we examined the challenges posed by institutionally generated crises on the economic integration plans initiated by the South-South geo-political zone of Nigeria. The overarching objective was to identify and provide a systematic analysis of the embedded crises, outline their consequential challenges and provide the public and policy-makers a guiding framework to redirect paradigms towards ending the crises. Using the theoretical lenses of the Cognitive Institutional Perspective (CIP) – a combination of Neo- institutional theory and Cognitive theory – we explore the several features and complexes that influence the actions and reactions of the South-South Governors to the NBC new boundary regime and the pronouncements of the Supreme Court on the several cases of redress and interpretation that were before it. In order to end the face-off generated by the crises, we asked and answered three related questions drawing largely from documentary and media publication evidences. After discussing the challenges, we offer recommendations towards ending the crises. These include mediation by the South-South leaders, mediation by the South-South traditional Rulers, and intensification of effort toward the realization of the South-South economic integration to spur growth in the South-South States, among others. -
Internal Communication Clearance Form
NATIONS UNIES UNITED NATIONS HAUT COMMISSARIAT DES NATIONS UNIES OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS AUX DROITS DE L’HOMME HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PROCEDURES SPECIALES DU SPECIAL PROCEDURES OF THE CONSEIL DES DROITS DE L’HOMME HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Mandates of the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to non-discrimination in this contextand of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights Téléfax: (41-22) 917 9006 Address: Télégrammes: UNATIONS, GENEVE Palais des Nations Téléx: 41 29 62 CH-1211 GENEVE 10 Téléphone: (41-22) 917 9359 Internet www.ohchr.org E-mail: [email protected] REFERENCE: AL Housing (2000-9) Poverty (1998-11) NGA 2/2012 25 July 2012 Excellency, We have the honour to address you in our respective capacities as Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to non-discrimination in this context and as Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 15/8 and 17/13. In this connection, we would like to bring to your Excellency’s Government’s attention information we have received concerning the alleged eviction and demolition of the Abonnema Wharf Community, in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. According to the information received: On 27 June 2012, at approximately 07:00 a.m., an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 residents of the Abonnema Wharf Community in Port Harcourt, capital of Rivers State, located in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, were evicted and their homes and small businesses demolished. -
'Just Move Them' Forced Evictions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria Contents
‘just move them’ FORCED EVICTIONS IN PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA housing is a human right amnesty international is a global movement of 2.8 million supporters, members and activists in more than 150 countries and territories who campaign to end grave abuses of human rights. our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the universal declaration of human rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. amnesty international publications first published in 2010 by amnesty international publications international secretariat peter Benenson house 1 easton street London Wc1X 0dW united Kingdom www.amnesty.org © amnesty international publications 2010 index: afr 44/017/2010 original language: english printed by amnesty international, international secretariat, united Kingdom all rights reserved. this publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee for advocacy, campaigning and teaching purposes, but not for resale. the copyright holders request that all such use be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. for copying in any other circumstances, or for reuse in other publications, or for translation or adaptation, prior written permission must be obtained from the publishers, and a fee may be payable. to request permission, or for any other inquiries, please contact [email protected] Cover photo : abonnema Wharf waterfront in port harcourt, rivers state, nigeria. the area has been named as the next to be demolished as part of the city’s redevelopment programme. thousands of residents are at risk of forced eviction as a result. -
Journal of African Elections
VOLUME 7 NO 2 i Journal of African Elections ARTICLES BY Francesca Marzatico Roukaya Kasenally Eva Palmans R D Russon Emmanuel O Ojo David U Enweremadu Christopher Isike Sakiemi Idoniboye-Obu Dhikru AdewaleYagboyaju J Shola Omotola Volume 10 Number 1 June 2011 i ii JOUR na L OF AFRIC an ELECTIO N S Published by EISA 14 Park Road, Richmond Johannesburg South Africa P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: +27 (0) 11 381 6000 Fax: +27 (0) 11 482 6163 e-mail: [email protected] ©EISA 2011 ISSN: 1609-4700 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher Copy editor: Pat Tucker Printed by: Global Print, Johannesburg Cover photograph: Reproduced with the permission of the HAMILL GALLERY OF AFRICAN ART, BOSTON, MA, USA www.eisa.org.za VOLUME 7 NO 2 iii Editor Denis Kadima, EISA, Johannesburg Editorial BOARD Jørgen Elklit, Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark Amanda Gouws, Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch Abdul Rahman Lamin, UNESCO, Accra Tom Lodge, Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Limerick Khabele Matlosa, UNDP/ECA Joint Governance Initiatives, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Lloyd Sachikonye, Institute of Development Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Harare Gloria Somolekae, National Representative of the W K Kellogg Programme in Botswana and EISA Board member Roger Southall, Department of Sociology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg The Journal of African Elections is an interdisciplinary biannual publication of research and writing in the human sciences, which seeks to promote a scholarly understanding of developments and change in Africa.