SECCION BOTANICA, Catálogo Florístico De Vizcaya Por EMILIO

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SECCION BOTANICA, Catálogo Florístico De Vizcaya Por EMILIO SECCION BOTANICAICA -- --- -- --- ------ l K O B 1 E (Bilbao) Grupo Espeleológico Vizcaino. Diputación Foral de Vizcaya Boletín n. 0 10 - 1!Íao Catálogo florístico de Vizcaya Por EMILIO GUINEA PROLOGO za absoluta el álamo o chopo blanco y se elude el nombre específico, que resultaba mucho más La Diputación Foral de Vizcaya, a través del difícil de retener. En realidad, este es una frase Servicio de Investigaciones Subterráneas (G.E.V.) diagnóstica de la especie y que corresponde a me brinda la oportunidad de publicar el Catálogo un autor determinado. Así, el álamo blanco para de la flora vascular vizcaina, en su segunda edi­ Linné (1753) es: POPULUS foliis subrotundis ción (1980). La primera se publicó en mi libro «Vizcaya y su paisaje vegetal» (1949), editado dentato-angulatis subtus tomentosis. Es evidente por la Junta de Cultura de la misma Diputación la ventaja del binomen sobre fa frase específica, vizcaína. aunque ésta no contenga más de doce palabras (según lo establecido por Linné). Treinta y un años de diferencia es un plazo que l!eva consigo un cambio importante en el La designación de los seres vivientes es una acontecer de toda actividad humana, y en la empresa abrumadora por causa del grado de Botánica descriptiva se ha interpolado, además, complejidad a que han l/egado todos los conoci­ la publicación del Código Internacional de mientos de que el hombre dispone en los tiempos Nomenclatura Botánica, legislación que regula la actuales. En 1925, cuando comencé mi andadura metodología de cómo han de nombrarse correc­ de botánico, todo parecía mucho más sencillo; tamente todas las plantas conocidas, en el plano sin embargo, de entonces a acá (1980) todo se de la trascendencia internacional. El fundamento ha vuelto abrumadoramente complejo y los jóve• se debe a CARL VON UNNE en su libro «Species nes tienen ante sí un horizonte inmensamente plantarum,, (1753). En fa primera edición su nove­ rico donde hal/ar novedades importantes. Por dad más importante es la utilización de la llama­ consiguiente, esta segunda· edición del «Catá­ da nomenclatura binaria, formada de un sustan­ logo de la flora de Vizcaya» no pasa de ser un tivo (Populus) para designar el género y de un intento de poner al día la lista publicada en 1949 adjetivo o palabra similar para designar fa espe­ y ha de servir de base a nuevas mejoras y supe­ cie (alba). que Linné l/amó trivial y que tiene la raciones. Según definía la ciencia ·mi maestro inmensa virtud de señalar el taxon con un solo de Fitografía, D. Arturo CABALLERO SEGARES término. Con este binomen se designa con certe- (1877-1949), ésta no es otra cosa que un esfuer- 572 EMILIO GUINEA zo continuado, indeclinable y enérgico en la rec­ & that the pursuit of desinterest Knowledge is tificación de errores que se deslizaron con ante­ the greatest purification». G. SARTON (1927. rioridad y que suelen ser, desgraciadamente, History Scient., vol. 1 : 11. The Greeks laid stress numerosos. upon truth & beauty; the Romans upon strength & uselfulness; the Christians upon love. (Los Por su parte, LINNE escribió a HALLER, emi­ griegos habían enseñado que la máxima purifi­ nente botánico suizo contemporáneo: aOuis cación consistía en la nobleza del trabajo cientí• caruit erroribus in diffusissimo NATURAE consti­ fico y del conocimiento desinteresado. Los tutus campo?». Por mi parte y como estímulo a griegos pusieron su énfasis en la verdad y la los jóvenes transcribo el texto británico: "The belleza; los romanos, en la fuerza y utilidad; en Greeks had taugth the nobility of scientific study el amor los cristianos). BIOGRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Emi1lio GUINEA LOPEZ was bom SAJE VEGETAL and in 1953 Geografía botánica de on 1'3-V-1907 in Olaveaga, Bilbao, Santander. At the turin of the half oentury he worked Spanish Basque country. His rnother during the winter of 1950 in The Royal Botanical 6m'i'lia, an eil'emerntary school rea­ Gardens of Kew and in th1e British Museum; in the cheir, taught him how to read and summe,r he took part ,in the VII lnternational Botanfoal whirte. His fa11her, a teacher, too, Congress (Srtookholm aind Uppsa:la). and trarvell,ed initiated him in 11he basic knowled­ throurgh Lap'land to Narvik. In 1951 he published En ge of thing,s. He s•l!udied socondary el país de los lapones. He collaborated wiith the Fo­ school in BMhao (1919 -1925). Arf: restry Depa,rtmenit in Madrid, publishing Jaras y ilhe UniversitJy of Madrid ( 1925-32) Jarales ( 1949), Cistografía hispánica, Aspecto Fores­ he reoeived baohelor ·and doctor degrees in Nature tal del Desierto, and wiilh 1he Agronomy D.epartment, History. His frrst ainticle on Micetograiphia was pu­ 1 publishing El género Vicia and Pomología de Asturias. bliSlhed in 1929 in a vol1 ume dedicaited to Ignacio BO­ During 1'he 50's, he worked assiduously in the bota­ LIVAH URRUHA (1850-1947) whom he cons'iders to niiCal ceniters of Great Br,itain and was invHed by the be a -remarkaible teaelher of scientisits (1'870-1936). Du­ Hriti'sh Coun:ci1I to visit Edimburgh, Liverpool, Abe­ ring tlhe 11 Spanish Herpublic (1931-39) he had a ohair 'rystwyith Leioester, Oambridge, Pl:atford Mili Fiekl at 1Jhe lnSltituto de Guaidailajara. One of his PLllPÍ'IS was Anrton:io BUERO VALLEJO, famous Spanish dria­ Ce1111:1er and London. At the beginning of that deoade matist. In seiptember 1933 he met Maria ARl6QUETA V. HEYWOOD carne to Mad11id and soon after the rprojeot of FLORA EUROPAEA was conceived. In the ~EHEIRA whom hie married. In 1935 his son EmiHo was born. During the Spanish oiN"il war, due to his s¡pring of 1959 the first Symposium of Filara Euro­ gasrtric illness (u1l1cus duoidenans) he was not sent to paea was held in Vienna. He collaborated in vol. 1 the fronit but driarfited to thie Auxiiliary Services in {1964). vol. 11 (1968), val. 111 (1972) and vol. IV (1976). 1937. llhait y,ear his daughter Marra was born. With The Hurut Botanicail L'ibrary published his biography F,raoco's seiZ!Ulre of power he was sent to the mi'li­ as we'll as the USA Agrioulrtural Department, tary pl"i'Son of G1uia:dalajara, after a summary judge­ and o1Jher American r,erviews gav,e an aocount of his ment (1940), for harving r,eturned to Madrid in IX major pubilications. In 1974-7'5 he visited San Fran­ 1936 fr01m Bilbao, via F,ranioe, and for having taught ic'isoo, Pa'lo Alto, PittsbuJ"g. anlCI New York. From 1972 the ervolutionist lideas of Oharles Dft/RWIN (1859). He to 1978 he wor~ed on the Elenco de la Flora Vascular lost hi1s ohak and had to make a living as itlnerant Española, asked by Pedro OEHAUOS JIMENEZ fmm botanist thl'ougihout the Span'ish pO'Sessions in Africa. IGONA (Instituto Natiooal .para la Conservación de In the 40's he work:ed in the Sipanish Saha.ra (1943), 'l'a Natumleza). Pr,esenHy he is pr,eparing his manus­ Spanish Guinea (1945) and tlhe island of Fernando Poo criipt BREVl1ARIUM FLOHAE HISPANICAE and a book (1946-47). In 1949 he puhHshed VIZCAYA Y SU PAi- on his travels in Europe and North America. CATALOGO FLORISTICO DE VIZCAYA 573 HISTORIA DE UNA VOCACION (*) No es norma de esta Revista acompañar a los Mi infancia conoció la mus1ca de las sirenas de trabajos científicos la biografía de sus autores. los barcos que se deslizaban por la ría. Supo del La excepción se debe a que el Comité de Redacción trajín afanoso de los cargues de mineral de hierro desea hacer patente a tan ilustre vizcaino, a quien y quedó canallizada en la rígida cuadrícula de la vida su solar natal le tiene un tanto postergado -nadie urbana. Eis profeta en su tierra- su ag:-adecimiento por tan Pronto había de sentir la llamada de'I campo y importante colaboración, al propio tiempo que desea fáci'I me fue at·enderla en una población relativa­ ofrecer un modesto homenaje a tan ilustre botánico. mente pequeña, de la que se podía salir rápidamente Esperemos que las autoridades académicas de y sin esfuerzo. nuestro Señorío y el pueblo que le vio nacer sepan Pero si el campo ha sido el motivo de mis amo­ reparar este inefable olvido. res, en la oiudad me he formado y de sus mejores recursos me he nutrido. Hay un hallazgo decisivo en mi infancia. Cursaba e·1 último año de mi educación escolar en el cuarto .grado de la escuela que mi padre diri· PRIMERA ETAPA gía, al propio tiempo que atendía personalmente este último grado. BILBAO V VIZCAV A Y cayó en mis manos un iliibro que fue para mí Nací en Olaveaga, donde mis padres ejercían la un descubrirni·ento maravilloso. profesión del Margister·io en la Escuela Municipal de E'I Mbro primO'roso, impreso en Barcelona, en la este barrio de Bilbao. Fue el 13 de mayo de 1907. casa editorial «Seix y Barral», estaba encuadernado En pleno mes de las flores. en tela azul, con el títullo y el motivo ornamental Exactamente dO's siglos antes, el 13 de mayo de de la portada en blanco. 1707, había nacido en Roeshult (Suecia) Carolus Se llamaba Flos Sophorum y lo firmaba .. xenius•. Unnaeus, cuyo esfuerzo y entusiasmo botánicos le Todavía lo cons€rvo y ahora lo tengo a •la vista. Pocas llevaron a r·ecibir de su rey el título nobiliario cosas se pueden mirar con tanto cariño como este de Caballero de la Orden de ·la Estrella Polar, siendo producto de la ciudad. ésta la primera vez que se concedía por méritos No hay un so'lo párrafo del libro que no haga científicos.
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