Politics, 1995 8

MIDWEST Political Science Association

PROGRAM

54th ANNUAL MEETING

Charles H. Franklin

Program Chair

James Stimson

President

April 18-20, 1996

Palmer House Hilton Chicago

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Officers and Executive Council of the MPSA

President: James Stimson, University of Minnesota

Vice-Presidents: Carol Kohfeld, University of Missouri-St. Louis Gregory Caldeira, Ohio State University

Executive Director: John P. Pelissero, Loyola University Chicago

President-Elect: Arlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan

Past President: John Sprague, Washington University, St. Louis

AJPS Editor: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee

Program Chair: Charles H. Franklin, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Executive Council (term): (1996) Karen Beckwith, College of Wooster Pamela Conover, University of North Carolina Susan Hansen, University of Pittsburgh Peverill Squire, University of Iowa Norman Thomas, University of Cincinnati

(1997) Richard Hall, University of Michigan Barbara Perry, Sweet Briar College Wendy Rahn, University of Minnesota Joseph Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas Lettie McSpadden, Northern Illinois University

(1998) Allan J. Cigler, University of Kansas Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Jeffrey A. Segal, SUNY-Stony Brook Lana Stein, University of Missouri-St. Louis Nancy H. Zingale, University of St. Thomas

Assistant Director: Timothy B. Krebs, Loyola University Administrative Assistant: Laura A. Tomaka, Loyola University

Midwest Political Science Association Offices: Loyola University Chicago 6525 N. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL 60626 Phone: 800-782-1178 312-508-3077 Fax: 312-508-3102 E-mail: [email protected] Web Page: http://www.luc.edu/orgs/mpsa 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Convention Information 4

Election of Officers for 1996-97 8

Best Paper Awards (1995) 9

Best Paper Awards for 1996 10

AJPS Editor Search 12

Call for Papers (1997 meeting) 14

Nominations Committee 18

Chicago Guide 19

Restaurant Guide 20

Overview of Official Program 22

Related Groups' Meetings & Receptions 24

1996 Program Committee 26

Instructional Technology Workshop 28

Overview of Panels by Section 29

Exhibitors and Booth Locations 46

Daily Program Schedule 47

Index of Participants 164

Floor Plans Back Pages 4

CONVENTION INFORMATION

Palmer House Hilton

The Palmer House is one of the finest hotels in Chicago. Its many services include six restaurants, lounges, health club with steam, sauna, and whirlpool, indoor swimming pool, and fifteen retail shops. It is also located along the State Street Mall, one of many retail centers in Chicago. Palmer House personnel will be happy to assist in any way that they can to help insure that your stay here is a pleasant one. Maps of the Palmer House meeting locations can be found on the back pages of the program booklet. Handicap accessibility information is available from the meeting registration desk.

Convention Registration

Everyone participating in the meetings is expected to register. The meeting registration center is found inside the entrance to the lower exhibit hall, two escalator flights up from the hotel lobby. Registration fees for the meeting: Members: $30. Student or retired members: $10. Nonmembers: $55. Nonmember student or retired: $17. Undergraduates: $5. Membership in the association is $30 per year ($15 for students and retired) and includes a subscription to the American Journal of Political Science.

Please note that we do not accept credit cards for registration fees.

Exhibit Hall

The central location for the convention is the Lower Exhibit Hall, which is located on the 3rd floor, two escalator rides up from the hotel lobby. Registration, paper sales, and exhibits will be located in the Exhibit Hall.

Panel Meeting Rooms

Most of the panel sessions will be held on the 7th floor in the Burnham, Clark, Dearborn, LaSalle, Montrose, and Sandburg wings. A map of the 7th floor conference center can be found on the inside back cover of the program. We will also be using meeting space on the 3rd, 5th, and 6th floors. Maps of the 3rd, 5th, and 6th floors are found in the back of the program.

Meeting Room Locations

3rd Floor Exhibit Hall Cresthill Room Crystal Room Private Dining Rooms (PDR) 5-9

4th Floor Red Lacquer Room

5th Floor Private Dining Rooms (PDR) 16, 17, 18

6th Floor Parlors F, G, H

7th Floor Burnham Clark Dearborn LaSalle Montrose Sandburg

Poster Sessions

Research posters will be displayed on Friday on the Mezzanine Level, one escalator ride up from the hotel lobby. Posters may be viewed from 8:30 to 5:15. The poster topic is “Graduate Student Research on Law, Courts and Judicial Behavior." The authors will be present from 1:30 to 3:15 to answer questions and distribute copies of their research findings. Everyone is encouraged to browse the poster session 5

throughout the day. Authors may set up their poster displays beginning at 7:30 am on Friday. All necessary posting materials will be supplied.

Paper Sales

Thursday Friday Saturday 9 am - 5 pm 9 am - 5 pm 9 am - 2 pm

Papers will be sold in the Lower Exhibit Hall for $ 1.00 each. Late papers may be brought directly to the paper sales area. Each author whose papers are delivered to the paper sales area will receive a coupon for a discount registration fee for the 1997 convention.

Citation of MPSA Papers

Association policy is that papers presented at the annual meeting are in the public domain and may not be restricted from citation or attribution.

About Unsold Papers and Paper Requests

Authors may retrieve any unsold papers beginning at 12:00 noon on Saturday. All authors should check with Paper Sales on Saturday to pick up their Paper Request Forms that will contain the names and addresses of individuals who would like to receive a copy of a paper that is sold out or unavailable. After the Exhibit Hall closes at 2 pm on Saturday, Paper Request Forms will be available in the Mezzanine at the Placement Center desk.

Child Care Service

Our subsidized child care service is available in the hotel for families who preregistered for the service. Check at the meeting registration desk to obtain the location of child care service.

Placement Center

The placement center is located in the Mezzanine area, one escalator ride up from the hotel lobby. Candidates should pay the nominal $3.00 registration fee at the meeting registration desk and then check in with the receptionist at the placement center. Schools that wish to interview should register with the receptionist. Candidates and schools will be assigned message boxes. Placement center hours of operation:

Thursday Friday Saturday

11 am - 5 pm 9 am - 5 pm 9 am - 3 pm

Ground Transportation and Parking

Continental Air Transport runs a bus service from the Palmer House to O'Hare and Midway airports. The bus fare to O'Hare Airport is $14.75 one-way, $25.50 round-trip; the fare is $10.75 one-way and $19.00 round-trip to Midway Airport.

The CTA "El" train runs to O'Hare Airport, Terminal 4, and Midway Airport, and will take you to the Monroe station (2 blocks by underground walkway to the Palmer House). The fare is $1.50.

If you drive to the hotel, economical parking is available in the Grant Park or Monroe Street garages, located in between Michigan Avenue and Lake Shore Drive. Palmer House guests can obtain "discount" parking at the Monroe and Wabash garage, 55 E. Monroe, just east of the hotel. Have your parking receipt validated at hotel registration. 6

Plan to attend the 1997 Annual Meeting

April 10-12 Palmer House Hilton Chicago

Program Organizers:

Mary Dietz and John Freeman

University of Minnesota

(for program details see page 14) 7

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

The Nominating Committee, chaired by William Berry (Florida State University), including Gregory Caldeira (Ohio State University), Renee Smith (University of Rochester), and Robert Durr (Washington University, St. Louis) will submit the following slate of officers and executive council members to the membership for approval at the annual business meeting on Friday, April 19, 1996, in the Red Lacquer Room.

President-elect: Harold Spaeth, Michigan State University

Vice-President (1996-98): Paul Allen Beck, Ohio State University

Council Members (1996-99): Linda Bennett, Wittenberg University Nancy Burns, University of Michigan Gary King, Harvard University Bert Kritzer, University of Wisconsin - Madison Kenneth Williams, Michigan State University

BEST PAPER AWARDS

PI SIGMA ALPHA The Midwest Political Science Association AWARD for best paper, 1995 would like to thank

Recipients: Scott Westview Press Ainsworth, University of for their sponsorship of the Georgia Patrick Fett, Westview Press Award University of for the best paper Memphis Itai Sened, Tel delivered by a graduate student Aviv University

Paper: “Implications of T u r nover and Term Limits on Institutional Stability”

Committee: William Bianco (chair), Renee Smith, and Virginia Gray

THE WESTVIEW PRESS AWARD for best paper written by a graduate student, 1995

Recipient: Gary McKissick, University of Michigan

Paper: “Interests, Issues, and Emphases: Lobbying Congress and the Strategic Manipulation of Issues Dimensions”

Committee: Jim Kuklinski (chair), Elizabeth Theiss-Moore, and Michael Berkman

SOPHONISBA BRECKINRIDGE AWARD for best paper written about women and politics, 1995 8

Recipient: Nancy Burns, University of Michigan

Paper: “Gender, Endogeneity, and Political Participation”

Committee: MPSA Committee on the Status of Women: Liane Kosaki (chair), Vicki Hesli, and Lettie McSpadden

Awards Presentation Friday, April 19, 5:30 pm Red Lacquer Room 9

1996 PAPER AWARDS ***ATTENTION*** PANEL CHAIRS and SECTION HEADS

Panel Chairs and Section Heads may nominate papers delivered at the 1996 meeting for one of four awards that are given for outstanding papers. We strongly encourage all panel chairs and section heads to participate in the nominating process. To nominate a paper(s) for consideration, panel chairs and section heads should do the following: Obtain three copies of the paper from the author(s) and forward to the Award Committee Chair(s) by July 1, 1996. (It is recommended that you do this immediately after the meeting so that the paper is not inadvertently forgotten.) Committee decisions will be made by December 1, 1996 and sent to MPSA President Arlene Saxonhouse.

AWARDS and COMMITTEES

PI SIGMA ALPHA AWARD A $250 award for the best paper delivered at the convention.

Committee: David Mayhew (CHAIR) Department of Political Science Yale University New Haven, CT 06520 (203) 432-5237

William Zimmerman, University of Michigan Joel Aberbach, UCLA

WESTVIEW PRESS AWARD A $100 award for the best paper delivered by a graduate student.

Committee: Albert Cover (CHAIR) Department of Political Science SUNY - Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-4392 (516) 632-7661 [email protected]

Cary Coglinese, Kennedy School of Government Judith Kullberg, Ohio State University

SOPHONISBA BRECKINRIDGE AWARD A $100 award for the best paper written about women and politics.

Committee: MPSA Committee on the Status of Women Lettie McSpadden (CHAIR) Department of Political Science Northern Illinois University DeKalb, IL 60115 (815) 753-1011 [email protected]

Suzanne Jacobitti, University of Illinois at Edwardsville Joanna Scott, Eastern Michigan University Cathy Johnson, Williams College Joanne Bzrinski, Emory University 10

SPRAGUE AWARD A $250 award for the best paper applying quantitative methods to a substantive problem in political science.

Committee: Keith Krehbiel (CHAIR) Graduate School of Business Administration Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 (415) 723-2855 [email protected]

Nancy Burns, University of Michigan Laura Stoker, University of California, Berkeley

ANNOUNCEMENT

Editor Search

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE 1998-2001 A MPSA President-elect Arlene Saxonhouse announces the formation of a search committee to recommend the selection of a new editor for AJPS. The association is seeking a qualified individual who will edit the journal from January 1, 1998 through December 31, 2001. The search process will be conducted Jduring the next 12 months, with an appointment to be announced during the 1997 meeting of the MPSA.

Nominations and self-nominations should include a letter of interest, with a statement of goals for the journal, and a curriculum vitae and be sent by August 15, 1996 to: PJohn Pelissero, Executive Director Midwest Political Science Association 6525 N. Sheridan Road Chicago, IL 60626 E-mail: [email protected] Ad-hoc Committee on AJPS Editor: SArlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan, Chair James Stimson, University of Minnesota Harold Spaeth, Michigan State University Duncan Snidal, University of Chicago John Pelissero, Loyola Univ. Chicago

J A P S

Information for Candidates

The Midwest Political Science Association and the American Journal of Political Science have historically benefitted from a cooperative arrangement between the association and the editor’s home institution. The MPSA supports the editorial operation by paying the direct costs associated with the following:

Copy editor and proof readers. Postage costs related to manuscript reviews, correspondence with authors, and mailings to the Press. Office expenses, including supplies, telephone, printing, photocopy, and publications. Travel for two editorial board meetings per year.

Home institutions have traditionally provided editors with support for:

Reduced teaching assignment Summer salary stipend for editor Graduate assistant Part-time secretarial support

The MPSA will negotiate with the institution regarding the level of support. The above should be considered by candidates before expressing interest in the position. However, the search committee will ask for details on institutional support only from a short list of final candidates.

CALL FOR PAPERS MIDWEST POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION 1997 Annual Meeting, April 10-12 Palmer House Hilton, Chicago DEADLINE: September 15, 1996

Political Science: A Discipline Too Divided?

General Program Organizers: Mary G. Dietz John R. Freeman Dept. of Political Science Dept. of Political Science University of Minnesota University of Minnesota 1414 Social Sciences Building 1414 Social Sciences Building 267 19th Avenue South 267 19th Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55455-0410 Minneapolis, MN 55455-0410 Phone: 612/624-1028 Phone: 612/624-6018 Fax: 612/626-7599 Fax: 612/626-7599 [email protected] [email protected]

Instructions: Proposals should be sent directly to section heads listed below. Do not send the same proposal to more than two section heads and please inform each of a dual submission. Include the following information: 13

Title of Proposed Paper Name Address Phone Number Fax or E-mail, if appropriate Abstract of proposed paper

If you are offering to serve as a panel chair or discussant, please indicate your fields of expertise. Individuals may participate on no more than two panels. Normally, participants may give one paper presentation and have one other panel role (as chair, discussant, co-author). 14

The program committee will also organize a series of Poster Sessions by subject area. If you are interested in participating in a poster session or would like additional information about the nature of a poster session, please contact the section organizers listed below.

Individuals with proposals that do not seem to fit into one of the sections listed below and groups not affiliated with the MPSA that wish to sponsor panels should contact the general program chairs.

1997 Program Committee

1. Comparative Politics - Industrialized Countries Duane Swank, Department of Political Science, P.O. Box 1881, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, Phone: 414/288-3418, Fax: 414/288-3360, [email protected] 2. Comparative Politics - Developing Countries Jeffrey Winters, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University, Scott Hall, 601 University Place, Evanston, IL 60208, Phone: 708/491-2630 Fax: 708/491-8985, [email protected], [email protected] 3. Comparative Politics - Transitions Toward Democracy Stephen Crowley, Department of Politics, Oberlin College, Rice Hall, Oberlin, OH 44074-1095, Phone: 216/775-8286, Fax: 216/775-8124, [email protected] 4. International Relations Joshua Goldstein, School of International Service, American University 4400 Massachusetts Avenue N.W., Washington, DC 20016, Phone: 202/885-2457 Fax: 202/885-2494, [email protected] 5. International Political Economy Dennis Quinn, School of Business Administration, Georgetown University Washington, DC 20057, Phone: 202/687-1027, [email protected] 6. Political Psychology and Public Opinion Diana C. Mutz, Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin 110 North Hall, Madison, WI 53706, Phone: 608/263-2414, Fax: 608-265-2663, [email protected] 7. Elections, Voting Behavior, and Participation Jon Nagler, Department of Political Science, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, Phone: 909/787-7258 or 787-5501, Fax: 909/787-3933, [email protected] 15

8. Mass Media and Political Communication Dan Hallin, Department of Mass Communication, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gillman Drive, LaJolla, CA 92093, Phone: 619/534-2843, Fax: 619-534-7315, [email protected] 9. Gender and Politics Joan Tronto, Department of Political Science, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021, Phone: 212/772-5680, Fax: 212/650-3669, [email protected] (until July 1996) 10. Race, Class and Ethnicity Dianne Pinderhughes, Department of Political Science, University of Illinois, 361 Lincoln Hall, Urbana, IL 61801-3696, Phone: 217/333-3273, Fax: 217/244-5712, [email protected] 11. Political Theory and Philosophy: Theorists and Texts Marion Smiley, Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 110 North Hall, Madison, WI 53706, Phone: 608/263-2391, Fax: 608/265-2663, [email protected] 12. Political Theory and Philosophy: Approaches John F. Burke, Department of Social Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX 77002, Phone: 713/221-8416, [email protected] 13. Formal Modeling John Londregan, Department of Politics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1012, Phone: 609/258-2256, Fax: 609/258-4772, [email protected] 14. Methodology Janet Box-Steffensmeier, Department of Political Science, Ohio State University, 2140 Derby Hall, 154 N. Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 Phone: 614/292-9642, Fax: 614/292-1146, [email protected] Renee Smith, Department of Political Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0146, Phone: 716/275 -3225, Fax: 716/275-1616, [email protected] 15. Political Parties and Interest Groups Anthony Nownes, Department of Political Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0410, Phone: 615/974-7052, Fax: 615/974-7037, [email protected] 16. Presidency and Executive Politics Lawrence Jacobs, Department of Political Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis MN 55455, Phone: 612/625-3384, Fax: 612/626-7599, [email protected] 16

17. Legislative Politics David Canon, Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin, 110 North Hall, Madison, WI 53706, Phone: 608/263-2283, Fax: 608/265-2663, [email protected] 18. Judicial Politics and Public Law Kevin T. McGuire, Department of Political Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3265, Phone: 919/962-0431, Fax: 919/ 962-0432, [email protected] 19. State and Intergovernmental Politics Carol Weissert, Department of Political Science, 303 S. Kedzie Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824-1032, Phone: 517/353-3292, Fax: 517/432-1091, [email protected] 20. Urban and Local Politics Elaine B. Sharp, Department of Political Science, 504 Blake Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045, Phone: 913/864-3523 Fax: 913/864-5208, [email protected] 21. Public Policy Paul Quirk, Department of Political Science, University of Illinois 361 Lincoln Hall, Urbana II 61801, Phone: 217/244-4826, Fax: 217/244-5712, [email protected] 22. Public Administration George Gordon, Department of Political Science, 4600 Political Science, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4600, Phone: 309/438-8483, Fax: 309/438-5310, [email protected] 23. Political Culture Lane Crothers, Department of Political Science, 4600 Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4600, Phone: 309/438-8813, Fax: 309/438-5310, [email protected]

Nominations Committee

President-elect Arlene Saxonhouse has appointed the following persons to the Nominations Committee. Please send all nominations for president, vice-president, and council (term 1997-2000) to:

Gregory Caldeira (CHAIR) Department of Political Science Ohio State University Columbus, OH (614) 292-9642 [email protected]

Michael Zuckert, Carleton College John Kingdon, University of Michigan Susan Hansen, University of Pittsburgh Dianne Pinderhughes, University of Illinois- Urbana

The election of officers and Annual Business Meeting will be held on Friday, April 19, 1996 at 5:30 pm in the Red Lacquer Room on the 4th floor. President’s Reception to Follow. 18

CHICAGO GUIDE

Chicago Office of Tourism (312) 280-5740 Chicago Fine Arts Hotline (312) 346-3278

Fine Arts, Museums and Libraries

Adler Planetarium (312) 322-0300 Art Institute of Chicago (312) 443-3600 Chicago Academy of Sciences (312) 871-2668 Chicago Children's Museum (312) 527-1000 Chicago Historical Society (312) 642-4600 Chicago Maritime Museum (312) 836-4343 Chicago Sports Hall of Fame (312) 943-3086 DuSable Museum of African American History (312) 947-0600 Field Museum of Natural History (312) 922-9410 Lyric Opera (312) 332-2244 Mexican Fine Arts Center Museum (312) 738-1503 Museum of Broadcast Communications (312) 987-1500 Museum of Contemporary Photography (312) 663-5554 Museum of Contemporary Art (312) 280-5161 Museum of Science & Industry/Omnimax (312) 684-1414 Newberry Library (312) 943-9090 Orchestra Hall (312) 435-6666 Oriental Institute Museum (312) 702-9520 John G. Shedd Aquarium and Oceanarium (312) 939-2438 Harold Washington Library Center (312) 747-4300

Sporting Events

BASKETBALL DATE OPPONENT Chicago Bulls April 18 Detroit (312)455-4000 April 20 Indianapolis

BASEBALL Chicago Cubs April 16 & 17 Cincinnati (312)404-2827 April 18-21 San Francisco

Chicago White Sox (312) 924-1000 On the Road RESTAURANT GUIDE

Within Walking Distance

THE BERGHOFF - 17 W. Adams. Solid German food and lots of it, and a nice old place. I recommend their own Berghoff's dark beer on tap, and the creamed spinach side dish. The service is fast, if you're rushed. Casual and inexpensive. TRATTORIA NO. 10 - 10 N. Dearborn. Probably the best Italian food in the immediate vicinity. Very charming, below-ground setting. NICK'S FISH MARKET - Monroe and Dearborn. Expensive. Shirt and tie. Need reservations, but good. ITALIAN VILLAGE - Monroe, west of State. Good Italian food. Moderately expensive. Shirt and slacks. Probably good idea to make reservations. BINYONS - 300 block of So. Plymouth Court. American cuisine. Moderately expensive. Shirt and slacks. THE PRAIRIE RESTAURANT - 500 S. Dearborn. Offers nouvelle/regional cuisine. Moderately 19

expensive. PRINTER'S ROW - 550 S. Dearborn. Also nouvelle/regional cuisine. Moderately expensive.

Short Cab Rides

RUTH'S CHRIS STEAK HOUSE - 431 N. Dearborn. (321-2725). Pricey but wonderful steaks. GINO’S EAST - 160 E. Superior. Deep-dish Chicago style pizza is the speciality. THE NINETY FIFTH - In the John Hancock Center, North Michigan Ave. Panoramic view of the city. Wonderful luncheon value. BUB CITY CRABSHACK & BAR-B-Q - 901 W. Weed. (266-1200). Shrimp, crab, crayfish in a Chicago version of a crab shack. Cajun dishes are good, as is fried chicken. THE SALOON - 200 E. Chestnut. American fare with Southwestern accents. Somewhat pricey. JAXX - 676 N. Michigan. Spectacular view of Michigan Avenue. Recently written up for best breakfasts around. Expensive. BANGKOK CAFE - 9 W. Hubbard. I think the best deal for overall price and quality of the N. State Street Thai restaurants. Soups and coconut-curry dishes especially recommended. HATSUHANA - 160 E. Ontario. Probably the best sushi downtown. Not cheap. HOUSE OF HUNAN - 535 N. Michigan. Hunan, Szechwan and Mandarin. BLACKHAWK LODGE - Superior and Wabash. Casual dress. Best prime rib around. Extensive menu. Interesting surroundings. Moderately expensive. BISTRO 110 - 110 E. Pearson. Market-fresh fish, veal and beef. Excellent pasta dishes and desserts. LAWREY'S - Michigan and Ontario. Expensive. Dressy. Best roast beef, creamed spinach and baked potatoes. MORTON'S - 1050 N. State. Very expensive. Rated #1 steakhouse in Chicago. HOUSTON'S - Rush and Ontario. Good food. Casual. Great bar. Moderately priced. ED DEBEVIC'S - Ontario and Wells. Casual, inexpensive. Noisy, but if you are into the 50's you'll love the atmosphere. UNO'S - Ohio and Wabash. Best deep dish pizza around. Inexpensive. Casual and always a long wait. (Best to go when it's not raining.) DUE'S - Ontario and Wabash. Same owners as above. HARRY CARAY'S - 33 W. Kinzie. Moderately expensive. Italian cuisine. Big noisy bar. Lots of baseball memorabilia. Shirt and slacks. TOPOLOBOMPO - 445 N. Clark. Mexican, but appeals to the Yuppie element. Casual. Rather unique dishes. IT'S GREEK TO ME - 306 S. Halsted. The Greektown joint with the least grease. Be sure and try the Greek Connection appetizer platter. GIBSONS - 1028 N. Rush. A steakhouse recently rated in the top ten steak houses by the Tribune with reportedly one of the best martinis in town. Pricey. LUCIANO'S - 871 N. Rush. Pleasant Italian spot, with several interesting pasta dishes. Moderate. GYPSY - 215 E. Ohio. Interesting eclectic menu, wonderful wine list. Moderate. VINCI - 1732 N. Halsted. Provincial Italian Cuisine. SCOOZI! - 410 W. Huron. Countryside and regional Italian cuisine. A fun place. ZINFANDELS - 59 W. Grand. Fine Amercian Cuisine. Menu changes monthly. Moderately expensive.

Overview of Official Program

Thursday, April 18

9:00 am - 5:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 11:00 am MPSA Council Meeting Crystal Room 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 10:00 am - 6:00 pm Child Care 11:00 am - 5:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Panels 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 20

3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels

Friday, April 19

8:00 am - 5:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 8:30 am - 5:15 pm Poster Session Mezzanine 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 8:00 am - 10:00 pm Child Care 8:30 - 10:15 am Panels 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panels 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:30 pm AJPS Editorial Board Meeting Cresthill Room 5:30 - 6:00 pm Business Meeting, Awards Red Lacquer Room (4th Floor) 6:00 - 7:30 pm President's Reception Red Lacquer Room (4th Floor)

Saturday, April 20

9:00 am MPSA New Council Meeting Cresthill Room 8:00 am - 2:00 pm Registration Exhibit Hall 9:00 am - 3:00 pm Placement Center Mezzanine 8:00 am - 5:30 pm Child Care 9:00 am - 2:00 pm Exhibits and Paper Sales Exhibit Hall 8:30 - 10:15 am Panels 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panels 12:30 - 1:30 pm 1997 Program Committee Meeting Cresthill Room 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panels 3:30 - 5:15 pm Panels

Authors: Please Pick Up Your Unsold Papers and Paper Request Sheets at 12:00 noon on Saturday

Related Groups' Meetings and Receptions

Thursday, April 18

6:00 - 8:00 pm Indiana University Reception Parlor H

10:00 -12:00 pm Washington University - St. Louis Reception in Honor of Robert Salisbury Crystal

Friday, April 19

7:30 - 8:30 am Midwest Women's Caucus for Political Science - Breakfast Business Meeting Parlor F

12:00 - 3:00 pm Policy Studies Organization Meeting Cresthill

4:00 - 6:00 pm Florida State University Reception Parlor G

5:30 - 7:30 pm Political Organizations and Parties (APSA) Executive Council Meeting Sandburg 7

5:30 - 7:30 pm Mid-American Conference Schools LaSalle 1

6:00 - 8:00 pm Midwest Women's Caucus Reception Crystal

6:00 - 8:00 pm The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics Reception Cresthill

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Illinois Reception PDR 18

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Iowa Reception PDR 17

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Michigan Reception Parlor H

6:00 - 8:00 pm University of Minnesota Reception Parlor F

6:00 - 8:00 pm Ohio State University Reception PDR 16

10:00 pm - 12:00 am University of Houston and Rice University Reception Crystal

Saturday, April 20

9:00 am - 5:00 pm American Political Science Association Council Meeting Crystal

11:30 am - 2:00 pm American Political Science Association Council Luncheon PDR 9 Sunday, April 21

1:00 - 5:00 pm Political Theory Group Meeting PDR 4 23

1996 PROGRAM COMMITTEE

The MPSA thanks the committee for its work in support of the annual meeting

General Program Chair: Charles H. Franklin, Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Madison, WI 53706. Phone: 608-263-1878. Fax: 608-265-2663. Email: [email protected]

Program Committee

1. Comparative Politics--Industrialized Countries: Shaun Bowler, Department of Political Science, University of California--Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: 909-787-5595. Fax: 909-787-3933. Email: [email protected] 2. Comparative Politics--Developing Countries: Gretchen Casper, Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843. Phone: 409-845-8594. Fax: 409-847-8924. Email: [email protected] 3. Comparative Politics--Transitions towards Democracy: Christian Davenport, Department of Political Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-3474. Phone: 713-743-3915. Fax: 713-743-3927. Email: [email protected] 4. International Relations: Richard J. Stoll, Department of Political Science, PO Box 1892, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251. Phone: 713-527-4683 and 713-527-8101 ext. 3362. Fax: 713-285-5273. Email: [email protected] 5. International Political Economy: Andrew Sobel, Department of Political Science, Washington University, Box 1063, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130. Phone: 314-935-5810. Fax: 314-935-5856. Email: [email protected] 6. Political Psychology and Public Opinion: Leonie Huddy, Department of Political Science, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: 516-632-7639. Fax: 516-632-9023. Email: [email protected] 7. Elections, Voting Behavior and Participation: William G. Jacoby, Department of Government and International Studies, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-6902. Fax: 803-777-8255. Email: [email protected] 8. Mass Media and Political Communication: Darrell West, Department of Political Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912. Phone: 401-863-1163. Fax: 401-863-7018. Email: [email protected] 9. Women and Politics: Nancy Burns, Center for Political Studies, Institute for Social Research, Room 3063, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248. Phone: 313-936-0094. Fax: NA. Email: [email protected] 10. Race and Ethnicity: Benjamin Marquez, Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Madison WI, 53706. Phone: 608-263-2389. Fax: 608-265-2663. Email: [email protected] 11. Political Theory and Philosophy: James Johnson, Department of Political Science, University of Rochester, Harkness Hall, Rochester, NY 14627-0147. Phone: 716-275-0622. Fax: 716-271-1616. Email: [email protected] 12. Formal Modeling: Rebecca B. Morton, Department of Political Science, University of California--San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0521 Phone: 619-534-3548. Fax: 619-534-7130. Email: [email protected] 13. Methodology: R. Michael Alvarez, Division of Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125. Phone: 818-395-4273. Fax: 818-405-9841. Email: [email protected] 14. Political Parties and Interest Groups: Allan J. Cigler, Department of Political Science, University of Kansas, 504 Blake, Lawrence, KS 66045. Phone: 913-864-3523. Fax: 913-864-5700. Email: [email protected] 15. Presidency and Executive Politics: Mark A. Peterson, Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. Phone: 412-648-7627. Fax: 412-648-2605. Email: [email protected] 16. Legislative Politics: Carol M. Swain, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, 313 Robertson, Princeton, NJ 08544. Phone: 609-258-2943. Fax: 609-258-1985. Email: [email protected] 17. Judicial Politics and Public Law: Kevin L. Lyles, Department of Political Science, University of Illinois--Chicago, 1007 W. Harrison, M/C 276, Chicago, IL 60607. Phone: 312-996-2396. Fax: 312-413-0440. Email: [email protected] 18. State and Intergovernmental Politics: Georgia Duerst-Lahti, Department of Political Science, Beloit College, 700 College St. Beloit, WI 53511. Phone: 608-882-6058. Fax: 608-363-2718. Email: [email protected] 19. Urban and Local Politics: Richard C. Hula, Department of Political Science, Michigan State University, 303 S. Kedzie Avenue, East Lansing, MI 48824. Phone: 517-432-2047. Fax: 517-432-1091. Email:[email protected] 20. Public Policy: Saundra K. Schneider, Department of Government and International Studies, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-6795. Fax: 803-777-8255. Email: [email protected] 24

21. Public Administration: Donald F. Kettl, La Follette Institute, University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1225 Observatory Dr, Madison, WI 53706. Phone: 608-262-3582. Fax: 608-265-3233. Email: [email protected] 25

Stepping into 21st Century 26

PROGRAM 1996 MEETING OF THE MIDWEST POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

CHARLES H. FRANKLIN PROGRAM ORGANIZER

OVERVIEW OF PANELS BY SECTION

SECTION 1. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES Shaun Bowler, University of California--Riverside

1-1. States, Civil Societies and Foreigners: The Politics of Immigration in Advanced Industrial Countries THU 11:00 SANDBURG 6 1-2. Regionalism and System Transformation in the Russian Federation SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 6 1-3. Public Policies and Governance SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 6 1-4. Protest and Social Movements in Western Europe THU 1:30 SANDBURG 6 1-5. Labor Markets and Migration THU 3:30 SANDBURG 6 1-6. Party and Coalition Unity FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 6 1-7. Welfare States and Corporatism FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 6 1-8. British Politics FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 6 1-9. German Politics FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 6 1-10. Centralization of Government SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 6 1-11. European Union SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 6 1-12. Elections in Comparative Perspective FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 5

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 5-8. Capital Mobility, Financial Transfers, and Debt

SECTION 2. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Gretchen Casper, Texas A&M University

2-1. Civil-Military Relations (Co-Sponsored with Section on Comparative Politics: Transitions Toward Democracy) THU 11:00 DEARBORN 1 2.2. Ethnic Conflict in the Third World THU 3:30 DEARBORN 1 2-3. Economic Neoliberalism in Latin America THU 1:30 DEARBORN 1 2-4. Elections and Economic Policy in Latin America FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 1 2-5. Parties, Politicians, and the People in Latin America FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 1 2-6. Workers and the State FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 1 2-7. Political Change in the People’s Republic of China THU 3:30 SANDBURG 5 2-8. Democratizing South Korea SAT 10:30 DEARBORN 1 2-9. Democratization in Africa: 1 SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 1 2-10. Democratization in Africa: 2 SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 1

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 3-3. Coups and the Democratization Process: Retarding Factor or Instigator? 5-3. Institutions, Trade, and Development: East Asia and China 9-9. The Quality of Women's Lives 9-10. Women and Social Movements in the Third World

SECTION 3. COMPARATIVE POLITICS: TRANSITIONS TOWARD DEMOCRACY Christian Davenport, University of Houston

3-1. Puzzles of Democratic Transitions in Russia and the Ukraine THU 11:00 DEARBORN 2 3-2. Dollars, Cents and Democratization THU 3:30 DEARBORN 2 3-3. Coups and the Democratization Process: Retarding Factor or Instigator? (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) THU 1:30 DEARBORN 2 3-4. European Tides and Democratic Waves: Which Way Are They Going? THU 3:30 PARLOR G

3-5. “It Just Doesn't Fit”: Understanding Paradoxes in the Transition to Democracy FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 2 3-6. Parliamentary Development and the East European Transitions Towards Democracy FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 2 3-7. Roundtable: Measuring Democracy: How Can We Know it When We See It? SAT 8:30 DEARBORN 2 3-8. Roundtable: Confronting the Rebel's Dilemma FRI 3:30 DEARBORN 2 3-9. Domestic Conflict and Democratization SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 2 3-10. Authoritarian Legacies and the Troubled Path to Democracy FRI 3:30 PDR 16 3-11. “Oh, No You Don't”: Repressing the Transition to Democracy SAT 10:30 PDR 16 3-12. Roundtable: What's All the Hype About?: Contemporary Criticisms of Democracy SAT 1:30 PDR 16 3-13. Institutions, Formal Theory and the Study of Democratization SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 2 3-14. Theorizing About Transitions: Towards a Better Understanding of the Move to Democracy FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 2 3-15. Exploring Russian Transitions to Democracy FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 5

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 2-1. Civil-Military Relations

SECTION 4. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Richard J. Stoll, Rice University

4-1. Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 2 4-2. Research on Alliances THU 11:00 MONTROSE 2 4-3 . Challenges to the State: Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict THU 1:30 MONTROSE 2 4-4. Modeling Cooperation THU 3:30 MONTROSE 2 4-5. Issues for U.S. Foreign Policy SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 2 4-6. Militarization in Developing States FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 2 4-7. Challenges to Mainstreaming International Relations Theory SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 2

4-8. The United Nations and Its Agencies After the Cold War FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 2 4-9. U.S. Defense Policy in the Post-Cold War Era FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 2 4-10. Challenges to Realism SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 2

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 5-2. Bargaining, Two-level Games, and Strategic Interactions 15-12. Civilian Control of the Defense Department: Assessing the Goldwater-Nichols Reforms After a Decade

SECTION 5. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY Andrew Sobel, Washington University

5-1. Domestic Arrangements and International Behavior THU 11:00 MONTROSE 3 5-2. Bargaining, Two-level Games, and Strategic Interactions (Co-Sponsored with the Section on International Relations) SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 3 5-3. Institutions, Trade, and Development: East Asia and China (Co-sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) THU 1:30 MONTROSE 3 5-4. Monetary Regimes THU 3:30 MONTROSE 3 5-5. Developing Regions in a Changing International Context FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 3 5-6. Policy Making in Increasingly Open Economies FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 3 5-7. Power, Interdependence, and Development FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 3 5-8. Capital Mobility, Financial Transfers, and Debt (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Industrialized Countries) SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 3

SECTION 6. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PUBLIC OPINION Leonie Huddy, SUNY Stony Brook

6-1. Political Ideology and the Structure of Mass Belief Systems Revisited THU 1:30 BURNHAM 1 6-2. Public Opinion and the Determinants of Support for Environmental Protection SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 1

6-3. Sources of Public Conflict and Cohesion on the Women's Movement THU 11:00 BURNHAM 1 6-4. Social, Political, and Economic Determinants of Racial and Ethnic Attitudes THU 3:30 BURNHAM 1 6-5. Conceptualizing Citizen Knowledge and Evaluating its Political Role FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 1 6-6. The Impact of Self Interest and Personal Experience on Public Opinion SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 1 6-7. Process Tracing and Decision-Making: A Demonstration of Techniques and Results SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 1 6-8. The Politics of Identity FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 3 6-9. The Media, Alienation, and Political Participation FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 1 6-10. Question Wording and Interviewer Effects in Surveys and Interviews SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 3 6-11. Public Support for Political Institutions FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 1 6-12. Contextual Sources of Political Influence: Dyads, Networks, and Locale SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 3 6-13. Determinants of Political Decisions: Rational Preference Aggregation, Empathy, and Civic Duty FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 1 6-14. Exploring the Origins of Political Tolerance THU 1:30 PARLOR F 6-15. Psychological Basis of Candidate Impression Formation FRI 8:30 PDR 16 6-16. Reconsidering The Origins of Partisan Identifications SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 1 6-17. Sources of Stability and Change in Adult Political Development FRI 1:30 PDR 16 6-18. Social Context and Prejudice CANCELLED

SECTION 7. ELECTIONS, VOTING BEHAVIOR, AND PARTICIPATION William G. Jacoby, University of South Carolina

7-1. Issues in Testing Competing Models of Issue Voting (Co-sponsored with Formal Theory) THU 11:00 CLARK 5 7-2. Resources, Values, and Political Participation SAT 8:30 CLARK 5 7-3. Sophistication and Ideology SAT 8:30 CLARK 10 7-4. Campaign Contributions and Spending THU 1:30 CLARK 5 7-5. Legal, Institutional, and Organizational Influences on Voter Turnout THU 11:00 CLARK 10 7-6. Congressional and Presidential Elections in American Politics THU 1:30 CLARK 10 7-7. Candidate Characteristics and Vote Choice FRI 8:30 CLARK 5 7-8. Congressional Elections THU 3:30 CLARK 10 7-9. The Changing Composition of American Party Coalitions THU 3:30 CLARK 5 7-10. Forum on the 1996 National Election Study FRI 8:30 CLARK 10 7-11. Racial Attitudes and Racial Voting in American Elections FRI 10:30 CLARK 10 7-12. Primary Elections FRI 1:30 CLARK 5 7-13. Third-Party and Independent Candidacies FRI 10:30 CLARK 5 7-14. Economic Influences on Political Behavior FRI 1:30 PDR 18 7-15. Voting Systems, Ballot Forms, and Vote Choice FRI 3:30 CLARK 5 7-16. The Impact of the Presidential Campaign FRI 1:30 CLARK 10 7-17. Effects of Information and External Cues on Political Attitudes merged with panel 7-19 7-18. Issues, Partisanship, and Voting Behavior SAT 10:30 CLARK 10 7-19. Political Alienation SAT 1:30 CLARK 5 7-20. Economics, Demographics, and State Elections SAT 1:30 CLARK 10 7-21. Elections in Urban and Suburban Settings SAT 3:30 CLARK 5

7-22. Nonvoters, Voters, and Reactions Toward Political Candidates SAT 3:30 CLARK 10

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 15-11. Ambition, Dollars, and Zealotry in Presidential Campaigns

SECTION 8. MASS MEDIA AND POLITICAL COMMUNICATION Darrell West, Brown University

8-1. Roundtable: Media Coverage of the 1996 Campaign SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 2 8-2. Talk Radio SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 4 8-3. Deliberation and the Media THU 1:30 BURNHAM 4 8-4. Race and the Media THU 3:30 BURNHAM 4 8-5. Coverage of International Affairs FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 4 8-6. The Internet THU 11:00 BURNHAM 4 8-7. Local News FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 4 8-8. Interest Groups and the Media FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 4 8-9. Political Advertising and Debates FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 4 8-10. Influencing the Public SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 4 8-11. The Media and Policymaking SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 4

SECTION 9. WOMEN AND POLITICS Nancy Burns, Institute for Social Research

9-1. Roundtable: Gender, Race, and the Study of the Politics of Identity THU 3:30 SANDBURG 3 9-2. Representation and the State: Gender and American Political Development THU 11:00 SANDBURG 3 9-3. Gender and Elections SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 3 9-4. Foundings, Difference, and the Body Politic THU 1:30 SANDBURG 3 9-5. Gender and Political Participation FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 3

9-6. Constructions of Feminism SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 3 9-7. Gender and Representation: A Different Voice? FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 3 9-8. The Construction of Gender Difference FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 3 9-9. The Quality of Women's Lives (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 3 9-10. Women and Social Movements in the Third World (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 3 9-11. Gender and the Workplace: Law at Work SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 3 9-12. Gender and Public Policy SAT 1:30 LASALLE 2 9-13. Gender in the University THU 1:30 LASALLE 2

SECTION 10. RACE AND ETHNICITY Benjamin Marquez, University of Wisconsin--Madison

10-1. Prejudice, Intolerance & Group Conflict THU 11:00 SANDBURG 4 10-2. The Politics of Cultural & Ethnic Identity SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 4 10-3. Latinos, African Americans & Electoral Politics THU 1:30 SANDBURG 4 10-4. Projecting Minority Images in the Media THU 3:30 SANDBURG 4 10-5. Public Opinion & Race FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 4 10-6. Race, Redistricting & Participation in the 1990s FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 4 10-7. Resolving Discrimination Issues in a Post Civil Rights Era FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 4 10-8. Affirmative Action & Racial Group Conflict FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 4 10-9. The Civil Rights Movement and Resource Distribution SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 4 10-10. Race and Ethnicity in Europe SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 4

SECTION 11. POLITICAL THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY James Johnson, University of Rochester

11-1. Deliberation in Democratic Theory & Practice THU 11:00 LASALLE 1 11-2. Speech and Reason in Politics THU 1:30 LASALLE 1 11-3. Liberal Predicaments - Past to Future SAT 8:30 LASALLE 1 11-4. The Persistence of Power and Powerlessness THU 3:30 LASALLE 1 11-5. Rethinking the Liberal Self: Freedom, Character and Community FRI 3:30 LASALLE 1 11-6. Revising Citizenship SAT 1:30 LASALLE 1 11-7. Democratic Predicaments, Democratic Possibilities SAT 3:30 LASALLE 1 11-8. Humean Skepticism FRI 8:30 LASALLE 1 11-9. Anti-Federalists and Federalists FRI 10:30 LASALLE 1 11-10. Environmental Ethics & Political Theory FRI 1:30 LASALLE 1 11-11. Forbidden Discourse: Talking Politics in America SAT 10:30 LASALLE 1 11-12. Platonic Themes SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 2 11-13. Toleration, Pluralism, and Constitutionalism in Liberal Theory SAT 3:30 PDR 16

SECTION 12. FORMAL MODELING Rebecca B. Morton, University of California--San Diego

12-1. Leaders, Followers, and Political Communication THU 11:00 LASALLE 2 12-2. Politics and Economic Policy SAT 8:30 LASALLE 2 12-3. Models of Congressional Delegation THU 3:30 LASALLE 2 12-4. Norms, Rules, and Cohesion in Legislatures FRI 1:30 PDR 17 12-5. Models of Taxation and Income Redistribution FRI 10:30 LASALLE 2 12-6. Legislators, Voters, and Interest Groups FRI 3:30 LASALLE 2 12-7. Interest Groups SAT 10:30 LASALLE 2

12-8. Multi-Stage Voting Models SAT 3:30 LASALLE 2

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 7-1. Issues in Testing Competing Models of Issue Voting 13-5. Computational Analysis 15-7. The President and Congress: Formal Modelling of Policy Interaction

SECTION 13. METHODOLOGY R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology

13-1. Roundtable on Measuring Political Campaigns SAT 3:30 LASALLE 3 13-2. Models of Compliance THU 11:00 LASALLE 3 13-3. Spatial Analysis THU 1:30 LASALLE 3 13-4. Models of Legislator Preferences THU 3:30 LASALLE 3 13-5. Computational Analysis FRI 8:30 (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Formal Modeling) LASALLE 3 13-6. Models of Complex Phenomenon SAT 8:30 LASALLE 3 13-7. Models of Districting and Turnout FRI 10:30 LASALLE 3 13-8. Multi-Level Analysis FRI 1:30 LASALLE 3 13-9. Models of Events SAT 10:30 LASALLE 3 13-10. Models of Preferences and Perceptions SAT 1:30 LASALLE 3 13-11. Time Series Analysis FRI 3:30 LASALLE 3

SECTION 14. POLITICAL PARTIES AND INTEREST GROUPS Allan J. Cigler, University of Kansas

14-1. Interest Group Research: New Directions THU 1:30 LASALLE 5 14-2. Internal Group Decision Making THU 11:00 LASALLE 5 14-3. Rearranging the Party Coalitions FRI 8:30 LASALLE 5 14-4. The Increasing Role of Party Organization FRI 10:30 LASALLE 5

14-5. Organized Interests and Legislative Access FRI 1:30 LASALLE 5 14-6. Groups and Policy Strategies FRI 1:30 LASALLE 2 14-7. The Changing American Party System SAT 8:30 LASALLE 5 14-8. Political Parties and Groups FRI 3:30 LASALLE 5 14-9. Groups and National Policy Making SAT 10:30 LASALLE 5 14-10. Group Involvement in State and Local Politics SAT 1:30 LASALLE 5 14-11. Money and Politics SAT 3:30 LASALLE 5 14-12. Political Parties, Organized Interests and Legislative Behavior (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Legislative Politics) THU 3:30 LASALLE 5

SECTION 15. PRESIDENCY AND EXECUTIVE POLITICS Mark A. Peterson, University of Pittsburgh

15-1. Presidential Policy Making in the International Sphere: Crises, Arms and Trade THU 1:30 MONTROSE 1 15-2. Presidential Types: Scandal, Character and Regime Construction THU 11:00 MONTROSE 1 15-3. Presidential Leadership: Using the White House SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 1 15-4. The Rhetorical Presidency I: Executive Power and Historical Roots THU 3:30 MONTROSE 1 15-5. The Rhetorical Presidency II: Modern Practice FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 1 15-6. Presidents: Their Publics and Parties FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 1 15-7. The President and Congress: Formal Modeling of Policy Interaction (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Formal Modeling) FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 1 15-8. The President and Congress: Institutional Confrontation SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 1 15-9. Presidential Influence in Congress: Committees, Pork and a New Majority SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 1 15-10. Chief Executives as Agenda Setters SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 1

15-11. Ambition, Dollars, and Zealotry in Presidential Campaigns (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Elections, Voting Behavior, and Participation) FRI 8:30 PDR 18 15-12. Civilian Control of the Defense Department: Assessing the Goldwater-Nichols Reforms After a Decade (Co-Sponsored with the Section on International Relations) FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 1 15-13. Roundtable: Presidents, Congress, and the Politics of Policy Reform SAT 10:30 PDR 18

SECTION 16. LEGISLATIVE POLITICS Carol M. Swain, Princeton University

16-1. Campaign Finance: Its Effects on Legislative Outcomes THU 11:00 DEARBORN 3 16-2. Legislative Behavior SAT 8:30 DEARBORN 3 16-3. Congressional Elections THU 1:30 DEARBORN 3 16-4. Committees and Congressional Organization THU 3:30 DEARBORN 3 16-5. Congress and President FRI 8:30 DEARBORN 3 16-6. Distributive Politics in State and Federal Legislatures FRI 1:30 DEARBORN 3 16-7. Determinants of Legislative Effectiveness FRI 10:30 DEARBORN 3 16-8. Constituency Representation FRI 3:30 DEARBORN 3 16-9. Divided Government SAT 10:30 DEARBORN 3 16-10. Patterns of Party Voting SAT 1:30 DEARBORN 3 16-11. Party Leaders and Institutional Change SAT 3:30 DEARBORN 3 16-12. Committees, Markets, and Legislative Behavior SAT 1:30 PDR 17 16-13. Representation of Racial and Political Minorities THU 3:30 PARLOR F 16-14. Senate Behavior FRI 8:30 PDR 17 16-15. Patterns in State Legislative Careers FRI 10:30 PDR 17 16-16. Roundtable on Institutional Change in the U.S. Congress SAT 8:30 PDR 17

16-17. Legislative Control of the Bureaucracy SAT 10:30 PDR 17

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 14-12. Political Parties, Organized Interests and Legislative Behavior

SECTION 17. JUDICIAL POLITICS AND PUBLIC LAW Kevin L. Lyles, University of Illinois--Chicago

17-1. Roundtable on New Directions for Research on Appellate Courts — New Databases and New Perspectives on the U.S. Courts of Appeals and the Supreme Court THU 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-2. Interest Group Influence on the Federal Judicial System THU 3:30 MONTROSE 7 17-3. New Perspectives on State Judicial Research FRI 10:30 MONTROSE 7 17-4. Judicial Decision Making in the Courts of Appeals THU 11:00 MONTROSE 7 17-5. Multiple Perspectives on Supreme Court Decisionmaking SAT 8:30 MONTROSE 7 17-6. Comparative Studies on Constitutional Law and Judicial Behavior FRI 8:30 MONTROSE 7 17-7. Supreme Court Recruitment and Decision-making: Individual Level of Analysis FRI 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-8. New Approaches to Gender and the Courts FRI 3:30 MONTROSE 7 17-9. Interpretive Theories, the Constitution and the Supreme Court SAT 10:30 MONTROSE 7 17-10. Historical Perspectives on Judicial Decision-making SAT 1:30 MONTROSE 7 17-11. Decision-making in the Supreme Court: Certiorari and Concurring Opinions SAT 3:30 MONTROSE 7 17-12. Civil Liberties in Cyberspace: Law, Science and Technology THU 3:30 PARLOR H 17-13. Courts and Public Opinion FRI 10:30 PDR 18 17-14. Civil Liberties and Civil Rights: Judicial Policymaking and Implementation SAT 1:30 PDR 18 17-15. Integrative Models of Supreme Court Decision-making FRI 3:30 PDR 18 17-16. Cross-Institutional Studies of the Judiciary merged with panel 17-2

17-17. Beyond the Courts: Alternative Dispute Resolution Devices SAT 8:30 PDR 18

SECTION 18. STATE AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL POLITICS Georgia Duerst-Lahti, Beloit College

18-1. Political Culture and Public Life (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Urban and Local Politics) THU 11:00 CLARK 7 18-2. Explorations in Federalism merged with panel 18-11 18-3. Elections Shaping State Politics THU 1:30 CLARK 7 18-4. Environmental Policy, States, and the Federal Context (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Policy) THU 3:30 CLARK 7 18-5. Exploring the Contemporary Governor FRI 8:30 CLARK 7 18-6. Citizens, Officials, Taxes FRI 10:30 CLARK 7 18-7. The State of Scholarship on State Economic Policies SAT 8:30 CLARK 7 18-8. Education Policy Across Levels of Federalism SAT 10:30 CLARK 7 18-9. Making Health Policy at the State Level FRI 3:30 CLARK 7 18-10. States and the Judiciary SAT 1:30 CLARK 7 18-11. Federal Aid and Fiscal Federalism SAT 3:30 CLARK 7 18-12. “Growing” States (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Policy) THU 1:30 PARLOR H

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 20-8. States and Development Policy

SECTION 19. URBAN AND LOCAL POLITICS Richard C. Hula, Michigan State University

19-1. Local Politics and the Moral Impulse THU 11:00 BURNHAM 5 19-2. Political Structure and Local Outcomes SAT 8:30 BURNHAM 5 19-3. Housing and Community THU 1:30 BURNHAM 5 19-4. Linking the Public and Private Sector THU 3:30 BURNHAM 5

19-5. Community Empowerment and Participation FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 5 19-6. Roundtable on Comparative Urban Politics FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 5 19-7. Economic Development FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 5 19-8. Local Leadership FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 5 19-9. Assessing Effectiveness of Local Government SAT 10:30 BURNHAM 5 19-10. The City in Comparative Perspective SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 5

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 18-1. Political Culture and Public Life

SECTION 20. PUBLIC POLICY Saundra K. Schneider, University of South Carolina

20-1. Environmental Policy: A View from the Top THU 11:00 SANDBURG 7 20-2. Local Autonomy, Competition, and Input in the Policy Process SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 8 20-3. Crisis Policymaking THU 1:30 SANDBURG 8 20-4. State Level Regulatory Activity SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 7 20-5. Policy Design and Redesign: The Role of Policy Subsystems SAT 8:30 SANDBURG 8 20-6. Comparative Public Policy Issues THU 3:30 SANDBURG 7 20-7. Reforming the American Welfare System THU 3:30 SANDBURG 8 20-8. States and Development Policy (Co-Sponsored with the Section on State and Intergovernmental Politics) FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 7 20-9. Health Care Policy FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 8 20-10. New Insights Into Public Budgeting Finance and Fiscal Policy FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 7 20-11. Politics and Policymaking FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 8 20-12. American Welfare Policy in Transition THU 11:00 SANDBURG 8

20-13. Institutional Choices and Constraints in Public Policymaking (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Administration) FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 7

20-14. Modeling Public Policy Choices FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 8 20-15. Policy Issues of Race and Gender SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 7 20-16. The Impact of Institutionalism on the Policy Process FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 8 20-17. Political Institutions and Policy Agendas SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 7 20-18. Information and Access in the Policy Process SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 8 20-19. Public Policymaking Across the United States SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 7

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 18-4. Environmental Policy, States, and the Federal Context 18-12. “Growing” States

SECTION 21. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Donald F. Kettl, University of Wisconsin--Madison

21-1. Roundtable: Administrative Implications of the New Federalism FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 2 21-2. Political Control of Bureaucracy CANCELLED 21-3. Computers in Public Administration THU 1:30 SANDBURG 2 21-4. The Changing Shape of Budgeting THU 11:00 SANDBURG 2 21-5. Organization Theory THU 3:30 SANDBURG 2 21-6. Reinventing Government FRI 10:30 SANDBURG 2 21-7. Service Delivery FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 2 21-8. Environment and Regulation FRI 3:30 SANDBURG 2 21-9. People in Organizations SAT 3:30 SANDBURG 2 21-10. Roundtable: A Freewheeling Discussion to Develop Theory in Public Administration SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 2

CO-SPONSORED PANELS LISTED ELSEWHERE IN THE PROGRAM: 20-13. Institutional Choices and Constraints in Public Policymaking

SECTION 22. RELATED GROUPS

22-G1. The Dynamics of Structural Adaptation in Post-Wall Germany SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 5 22-N1. Prospects for the Left in American Politics FRI 10:30 PDR 16 22-N2. Democratic Resistance to the Global Triumph of Capitalism SAT 10:30 SANDBURG 2 22-T1. Roundtable on Clifford Orwin’s The Humanity of Thucydides THU 1:30 SANDBURG 5 22-T2. Aristotle’s Political Science FRI 8:30 SANDBURG 5 22-T3. Private Matrices of Virtue in Classical Political Philosophy FRI 1:30 SANDBURG 5 22-T4. Aristotle on the Conditions of Moral Excellence SAT 1:30 SANDBURG 5 22-U1. Innovative Approaches to Teaching Introductory American Government SAT 3:30 BURNHAM 5 22-U2. Teaching International and Comparative Politics Experientially THU 1:30 BURNHAM 2 22-U3. Roundtable on Teaching: Old Concepts and New Challenges FRI 10:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W1. Roundtable on Kathleen Hall Jamieson's “Beyond the Double Bind” FRI 8:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W2. Women in Comparative Legislative Settings THU 3:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W3. Roundtable to Honor Susan Welch FRI 1:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W4. The Disappearing Woman: Retention of Graduate Student Women SAT 1:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W5. Assessing Affirmative Action in 1996 FRI 3:30 BURNHAM 2 22-W6. Women at the Grassroots THU 1:30 PARLOR G

POSTER SESSION Graduate Student Research on Law, Courts and Judicial Behavior FRI 8:30-5:15 MEZZANINE 43

EXHIBITORS AND BOOTH LOCATIONS

University Press of Kansas (1) F.E. Peacock Publishers (2) The New York Times (3) MicroCase Corporation (4) Allyn & Bacon (5) Liberty Fund (6) McGraw Hill (7) Elsevier Science (8) Association Book Exhibit (10) Prentice Hall (11) University Press of America/Rowman & Littlefield (12) University of Notre Dame Press (13) Yale University Press (14) W.W. Norton and Company (15) Chatham House Publishers (16&17) CQ Press (18&19) Garland Publishing (20) Longman Publishers USA (21) Association of American University Presses (22) Gregory Publishing (23) Brown & Benchmark Publishers (24&25) Westview Press (26) HarperCollins College Publishers (27&28) Houghton Mifflin (29&30) St. Martin's Press (31&32) Cambridge University Press (33) Nelson-hall Publishers (34) The Brookings Institution/Georgetown University (35) Harcourt Brace (36) M.E. Sharpe (37) University of Oklahoma Press (38) Sage Publications Inc (39) University of Illinois Presses (40) University of Michigan Press (41) Oxford University Press (42) West Publishing Company (43) The University of Chicago Press (44) 44

Daily Program Schedule

Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm

MPSA EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEETING CRYSTAL ROOM

President: James Stimson, University of Minnesota

Panel 1-1 SANDBURG 6 States, Civil Societies and Foreigners: The Politics of Immigration in Advanced Industrial Countries Chair: Niklaus Steiner, Northwestern University Papers: “The Swiss, the Foreign Workers and the Asylum Seekers; Five Decades of Unofficial Immigration in Switzerland.” Niklaus Steiner, Northwestern University “The Effects of Immigration on French Foreign Policy.” Sarah Hughes, Northwestern University “Discouraging the ‘Wrong’ Immigrants vs. Encouraging the ‘Right’ Ones: Contrasting Approaches to Immigration in the U.S. and Canada 1905-1925.” Elizabeth Clifford, Northwestern University Disc: John Bendix, Bryn Mawr College

Panel 2-1 DEARBORN 1 Civil-Military Relations (Co-Sponsored with Section on Comparative Politics: Transitions Toward Democracy) Chair: Deborah Norden, Colby College Papers: “Civilian Control of the Military: American Civil-Military Relations in Theory and Practice.” Peter D. Feaver, Duke University “Civil-Military Negotiations in Post-Authoritarian Latin America: A Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Chicken Game.” Wendy Hunter, Vanderbilt University “The Latin American Military and Politics: Retrospect and Prospects.” Paul W. Zagorski, Pittsburgh State University “Evolving Russian Civil-Military Relations: A Rational Actor Analysis.” John H. P. Williams, Mark Webber, American University Disc: Deborah Norden, Colby College

Panel 3-1 DEARBORN 2 Puzzles of Democratic Transitions in Russia and the Ukraine Chair: William Reisinger, University of Iowa Papers: “The Consolidation of Democracy in the Ukraine.” Charles Wise and Trevor L. Brown, Indiana University “Leadership in Ethnoterritorial Politics and Russian Federal State Building.” Dawn Jamison Nowacki, Linfield College

“Rule of Law Orientations Among Russia's Legal and Political Elite.” William Reisinger, University of Iowa “Gorbachev, Yeltsin, and the Conflict Over Economic and Democratic Reform.” Francis Bell, University of Rochester Disc: Mary Dakin, Indiana University

Panel 4-2 MONTROSE 2 Research on Alliances Chair: D. Scott Bennett, Pennsylvania State University Papers: “Hysteresis and International Alliances: A Rational Alternative to Institutional Self-Perpetuation.” D. Scott Bennett, Pennsylvania State University and Scott E. Tarry , Southern Illinois University, Carbondale “Alliances, Commitments, and Reputation: Fighting to Save Face.” Chris Sprecher, Michigan State University “Duplication, Interdependence, or Independence? An Assessment of the Relationships Between NATO, the WEU, and the Eurocorps.” Stephanie Anderson, University of Wyoming Disc: Erik A. Gartzke, University of Iowa

Panel 5-1 MONTROSE 3 Domestic Arrangements and International Behavior Chair: David Leblang, University of North Texas Papers: “The Effectiveness of Foreign Lobbying on the United States Congress.” Rebecca Summary, Larry Summary Southeast Missouri State University “Patent Law: An Obstacle to the Global Transfer of Technology.” Helen G. Brudner, Fairleigh Dickinson University “Aid and Profits: U.S. Aid and Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America, 1969-1993.” Robert E. Sterken, Jr., Texas Tech University Disc: David Leblang, University of North Texas

Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm

Panel 6-3 BURNHAM 1 Sources of Public Conflict and Cohesion on the Women's Movement Chair: Doris Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago Papers: “The Women's Movement as a White Preoccupation: Fact or Fiction?” Roberta Sigel, State University of New Jersey, Rutgers “The Media, Political Language and Public Support of the Women’s Movement.” Leonie Huddy, State University of New York at Stony Brook “Framing the Abortion Debate.” Paul Freedman, University of Michigan Disc: Doris Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago

Panel 7-1CLARK 5 Issues in Testing Competing Models of Issue Voting Co-sponsored with Formal Theory Chair: Kaare Strom , University of California, San Diego Papers: “Comparing Deterministic and Probabilistic Models of Voter Preferences.” Barry C. Burden, Ohio State University

“Nonseparable Preferences, Issue-Voting and Issue-Packaging in Elections.” Dean Lacy, Ohio State University Disc: Kaare Strom , University of California, San Diego

Panel 7-5 CLARK 10 Legal, Institutional, and Organizational Influences on Voter Turnout Chair: Robert Erikson, University of Houston Papers: “And A Child Shall Lead Them ... : The Kids Voting Program in a State Election” Gregory L. Hager, Penny M. Miller, University of Kentucky “Managing Voter Turnout: The Motor Voter Act and the Effect of Institutional Interventions on Voter Turnout.” Donald Greco, University of Illinois “The Institutional, Economic, and Political Influences of Voter Turnout: A Cross-National Analysis, 1984-1994.” Patricia A. Garcia-Monet, Holly Teeters Reynolds, Rice University “Apportionment and Turnout: A Multiple Time Series Analysis.” Philip Dyer Moore, Rice University Disc: Robert Erikson, University of Houston

Panel 8-6 BURNHAM 4 The Internet Chair: Todd Schaefer, Juniata College Papers: “Campaigning on the Internet: Parties, Interest Groups and the 1996 Presidential Race.” Michael Margolis, David Resnick, Chin-chang Tu, University of Cincinnati “The Highway in my Backyard: Grassroots Connections to the Internet to Enhance Political Communication and Participation.” Cecelia Manrique, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse “Educators, Partisans and the Public.” David Schwieder, University of Illinois Disc: Todd Schaefer, Juniata College Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm

Panel 9-2SANDBURG 3 Representation and the State: Gender and American Political Development Chair: Carol Horton, Macalaster College Papers: ”Gender and the State: the Other American Dilemma.” Eileen L. McDonagh, Northeastern University “Party Politics and Family Values: Is a Woman’s Place in the Home?.” Kira Sanbonmatsu, Harvard University “Women's Rights and the American Parties.” Christina Wolbrecht, Washington University, St. Louis Disc: Carol Horton, Macalaster College

Panel 10-1 SANDBURG 4 Prejudice, Intolerance & Group Conflict Chair: Carl McCurley, East Carolina University Papers: “Attitudes Towards Immigration Policies Among Four Western European Publics: A Case for Ethnic Prejudice or Group Conflict?” Pia Knigge, University of Kentucky

“Racism, Prejudice, Punitiveness, & Intolerance Under Conditions of Societal Threat: Evidence from Aggregate Time Series Analyses 1960-1995.” Karen Stenner, State University of New York, Stony Brook “The Ecology and Social Psychology of Hate Crime.” Janelle S. Wong, Dara Z. Strolovitch, Yale University Disc: Carl McCurley, East Carolina University

Panel 11-1 LASALLE 1 Deliberation in Democratic Theory & Practice Chair: Ian Shapiro, Yale University Papers: “The Uneasy Relation Between Expertise & Democratic Deliberation.” Emily Hauptmann, University of Nevada, Reno “Creating an Authentic Voice of the People.” Ned Crosby, Jefferson Center for New Democratic Processes “Is Silence Golden? Citizen Deliberation in Representative Democracy.” Michael Bailey, University of Texas, Austin “Deliberation & Adult Civic Education.” John Gastil, University of New Mexico Disc: Ian Shapiro, Yale University

Panel 12-1 LASALLE 2 Leaders, Followers, and Political Communication Chair: William Bianco, Duke University Papers: “Context, Institutional Powers and Leadership Traits: Disentangling Leadership and Followership.” Rick K. Wilson, Rice University “A Cognitive Model of Strategic Communication: Why Talk is Seldom Cheap and Voters Seldom Deceived.” Arthur Lupia, Matthew D. McCubbins, University of California, San Diego “Scrutiny and the Heuristics of Projection: You Can’t Judge a Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Book by its Cover, but Would You Want To?” Mark Daniel Miller, Carnegie Mellon University Disc: John Aldrich, Duke University Tim Fedderson , Northwestern University

Panel 13-2 LASALLE 3 Models of Compliance Chair: John Brehm, Duke University Papers: “Attitudinal Heuristics and Compliance: Do Tax Increases Reduce Attitudinal Support for Tax Compliance?” Mark Lubell, John Scholz, State University of New York, Stony Brook “The Political Economy of NPDES Inspections.” Eric Helland, Ball State University “An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Compliance Trends in FDA-Regulated Industries.” Mary Olson, Washington University “Common Insights and Recurring Problems in the Empirical Study of Compliance.” John Brehm, Duke University. Disc: Daniel P. Carpenter, Princeton University Gregory Wawro, Cornell University

Panel 14-2 LASALLE 5 Internal Group Decision Making Chair: Andree E. Reeves, University of Alabama, Huntsville Papers: “Business Political Strategy: Organizing the Firm for Political Activity.” Emerson H. Tiller, University of Texas, Austin, John de Figueiredo, University of California at Berkeley “U.S. Religious Interest Groups and U.S. Central American Policy.” Anthony Perry, Wayne State University “Tackling the 'Great Issues': Agenda-Setting and Internal Tensions in Professional Associations.” Katherine Hinckley, Bette Hill, University of Akron “Claiming Credit: Linking Interest Group Maintenance to Policy Benefits.” LaVonna J. Blair, Rice University Disc: Laura R. Woliver, University of South Carolina 52

Panel 15-2 MONTROSE 1 Presidential Types: Scandal, Character and Regime Construction Chair: John H. Kessel, Ohio State University Papers: “Barber Types, Winter Motives and Keirsey Temperaments: A Statistical Comparison of American Presidencies from Washington through Bush, by Barber, Winter and Keirsey Type.” Robert E. Elder, Jr. and Rochelle Tedesco, Hope College “The Politics of Politics: Notes on Skowronek.” Doug Hoekstra, Michigan State University “Presidential Inaugural Rhetoric in Political Time.” Mary E. Stuckey, University of Mississippi Disc: John H. Kessel, Ohio State University Dennis Simon, Southern Methodist University

Panel 16-1 DEARBORN 3 Campaign Finance: Its Effects on Legislative Outcomes Chair: Frank Sorauf, University of Minnesota Papers: “Congressional Careers and Campaign Financing in the U.S. House of Representatives.” Rodney A. Anderson, Arizona State University “The Cycle of Senate Spending and Fundraising.” Darren Davis, Michigan State University “Where Does the Money Go? Campaign Spending and Advertising” Andrea Ryman, Geoff Peterson, University of Iowa Disc: Scott Ainsworth, Washington University

Panel 17-4 MONTROSE 7 Judicial Decision Making in the Courts of Appeals Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Chair: C. Scott Peters, University of Kentucky Papers: “Judicial Deference in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.” Christopher P. Banks, University of Akron “Decision Making in Federal Courts of Appeal: Do They Comply With the Supreme Court’s Establishment Clause Precedent?” Barry Pyle, University of Missouri, St. Louis

“Circuit Cleavages and Forum Shopping in the U. S. Courts of Appeals.” Susan Brodie Haire, University of Georgia, Stefanie Lindquist, University of South Carolina “Ambivalence at the Courts of Appeals: Does the Legal or Attitudinal Model Apply?” Mark S. Hurwitz and Malia Reddick, Michigan State University Disc: C. Scott Peters, University of Kentucky

Panel 18-1 CLARK 7 Political Culture and Public Life (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Urban and Local Politics) Chair: Nicholas P. Lovrich Jr., Washington State University Papers: “Introduction and Project Overview.” Nicholas Lovrich and John C. Pierce, Washington State University “Political Culture and Patterns of Formal and Informal Dispute Resolution in U.S. Cities.” Linda Maule, Washington State University “Political Culture and Gender Equity in Representative Institutions in Local Government.” Janine Parry, Washington State University “Political Culture and Religion and the Quality of Urban Life in U.S. Cities.” Christopher A. Simon , Washington State University “Political Culture, the Rise of Public Discontent and Talk Radio.” Paul Hagner, University of Memphis, Janine Alisa Parry, Washington State University Disc: Joel Lieske, Cleveland State University John McIver, National Science Foundation

Panel 19-1 BURNHAM 5 Local Politics and the Moral Impulse Chair: Janet K. Boles, Marquette University Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Papers: “From Limelight to Churchlight: The Decline of Importance of Religious Leaders in Local Politics.” Paul A. Djupe, Washington University, St Louis “Strategy, Issues and Voter Impact: Christian Right School Board Candidacies in Urban and Suburban Contexts.” Christopher P. Gilbert, Jeffery Gustafson, Joel A. Johnson, and Paul Mueller, Gustavus Adolphus College “The Status of Censorship in America Public Libraries.” Eileen Wirth, Creighton University Disc: Richard Jelier, Grand Valley State

Panel 20-1 SANDBURG 7 Environmental Policy: A View from the Top Chair: Mary A. Hague, Stetson University Papers: “Who’s Who in Whose Community? NAFTA’s Environmental Provisions and the Search for Epistemic Communities.” Nancy E. Wright , City University of New York “Political Momentum and Environmental Policymaking.” Vivian E. Thomson, University of Virginia “The Public Trust Doctrine, Natural Science and Environmental Policy: Impacts of the 'Republican Mandate' for Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Conservation.” Eric J. Fitch, University of West Florida Disc: Evan Ringquist, Florida State University

Panel 20-12 SANDBURG 8 American Welfare Policy in Transition Chair: Karen L. Baird, Purchase College Papers: “An Immodest Proposal: On Outlawing Out-of-Wedlock Teenage Pregnancies.” Bernard Bray, Talladega College, Larry W. Chappell, Mississippi Valley State University “Children and Governments in the American Political System: An 56

Overview and a Preliminary Assessment.” Bruce Stinebrickner, DePauw University “Cooling the Dead Without Consent for Organ Procurement: A Disturbing Policy Proposal.” Andrea Bonnicksen, Northern Illinois University “Breaking the Cycle: An Empirical Analysis of Welfare Dependency.” Yuhang Shi , East Carolina University and Rosalyn Broussard , SUNY-Binghamton Disc: Karen L. Baird, Purchase College

Panel 21-4 SANDBURG 2 The Changing Shape of Budgeting Chair: George Gordon, Illinois State University Papers: “The Shifting Roles of State Budget Offices in the Midwest: Gosling Revisited.” Kurt Thurmaier, University of Kansas, James Gosling, University of Utah “The Shape of Change: Incrementalism and Shifts in Federal Budgeting, 1946-1994.” Bryan D. Jones, Frank Baumgartner, Jim True, Texas A&M University Disc: George Gordon, Illinois State University

Thursday, April 18, 11:00 am - 12:45 pm Thursday, April 18, 1:30-3:15 pm

Panel 1-4 SANDBURG 6 Protest and Social Movements in Western Europe Chair: LeeAnn Banaszak, Pennsylvania State University Papers: “The Rise of Radical Right Wing Parties in Western Europe.” John M. Cotter, University of Kentucky “Elite Response and Conflict Escalation: A Comparative Study of Post-World War I Protest Cycles.” Sheila J. Noojibail, Indiana University “Beyond Lobbying: Social Movements Making German Global Environmental Policy.” Dale Gardner, Northwestern University Disc: LeeAnn Banaszak, Pennsylvania State University

Panel 2-3DEARBORN 1 Economic Neoliberalism in Latin America Chair: John Echeverria-Gent, University of Virginia Papers: “El Poder Oculto: The Role of the Private Sector in the Mexican Liberalization Process.” Jean Francois Mayer , Pennsylvania State University “Income Distribution in the Wake of Neoliberal Adjustment: The Latin American Experience.” Michael J. Kelly, University of Arizona “Neoliberalism, Social Equity, and Democracy in Latin America.” Kurt Weyland, Vanderbilt University “The Tortoise and the Hare Revisited?: Economic Reform and Democratization in Argentina and Uruguay.” Charles H. Blake, James Madison University Disc: John Echeverria-Gent, University of Virginia

Panel 3-3DEARBORN 2 Coups and the Democratization Process: Retarding Factor or Instigator? Chair: Eduard Ziegenhagen, State University of New York at 58

Binghamton Papers: “The Calculus of Coup Making.” Ali Carkoglu, Bogazici University “Directions and Mode of Regime Change, Political Conflict and Public Policy: An Exploratory Investigation.” Eduard Ziegenhagen and James Hurban, State University of New York at Binghamton “Military Rebellions and Democratic Consolidation in Latin America.” Philip Mauceri, University of Northern Iowa “Reputation and Military Intervention: A Bayesian Evaluation of the Determinants of Coups in Latin America.” Kevin Quinn, Justin Gillespie, Washington University Disc: Robert Jackman, University of California, Davis

Panel 4-3 MONTROSE 2 Challenges to the State: Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict Chair: Faramarz S. Fatemi, Fairleigh Dickinson University Papers: “Mossadegh's Concept of Nationalization of Resources in Iran and the Region.” Faramarz S. Fatemi, Fairleigh Dickinson University “The Geography of Ethnic Conflict.” Monica Duffy Toft, University of Chicago “Ethnicity and Violence: Conflicts in South Africa, Sri Lanka, and Punjab.” Movindri Reddy, University of Chicago “Repressions Influence on Nationalist Group Conflict.” Renee Agress, Michigan State University Disc: David Priess, Duke University

Panel 5-3 MONTROSE 3 Institutions, Trade, and Development: East Asia and China (Co-sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) Chair: Francis Adams, Old Dominion University Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm Papers: “Export Promotion and the Role of the State: Intra-regional Variation Among East Asian NICs.” Tomoaki Nomi, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill “Explaining Political Change and Economic Growth in the East Asian Newly Industrialized Countries: Case Study of Singapore.” Oikuan Fiona Yap, University of Rochester “Institutions, Societal Groups and Trade in East Asian Newly Industrializing Countries.” Michelle Lorenzini and Fiona McGillivray, Washington University, St. Louis Disc: Francis Adams, Old Dominion University

Panel 6-1 BURNHAM 1 Political Ideology and the Structure of Mass Belief Systems Revisited Chair: Allen Wilcox, University of Nevada Papers: “Grid-Group Theory and Political Ideology: A Comparison of the Relative Strengths and Weaknesses in Explaining the Structure of Mass Belief Systems.” Richard Coughlin, University of New Mexico, Charles Lockhart, Texas Christian University “The Differing Bases of Ideological Self-Identification.” Andrea Campbell, University of California, Berkeley “Hierarchy and the Social Bases of Symbolic Ideological Self- Identification, United States, 1972-1992.” Erik L. Lewis, Miami University, Hamilton “In Search of Moderation: Differences in Temperament between Populists, Libertarians, and Moderates.” Robert E. Elder Jr., Hope College Disc: Robert Shapiro, Columbia University Craig Monette, Columbia University

Panel 6-14 PARLOR F Exploring the Origins of Political Tolerance Chair: George E. Marcus, Williams College Papers: “Protecting Ourselves from the First Amendment? Public Opinion and Tolerance of Pornography and Hate Speech.” Cara Wong, University of California, Berkeley “When the Going Gets Tough: Angst, Alienation, and the Mass Politics of ‘Family Values.’” Douglas Alan Strand, University of California, Berkeley “Societal Threat, Authoritarianism, and Intolerance: Evidence From the General Social Survey 1972-1994.” Karen Stenner, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: George E. Marcus, Williams College

Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panel 7-4 CLARK 5 Campaign Contributions and Spending Chair: Jeffrey Milyo, Tufts University Papers: “Money and the 1994 Congressional Elections: Would Campaign Finance Reform Have Altered the Outcome?” Donald A. Gross, University of Kentucky, Todd G. Shields, University of Arkansas, Robert K. Goidel, Indiana State University “Money, Elections, and Candidate Quality.” Stephen Ansolabehere, James Snyder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology “Campaign Contributions as Bribes: Law and Practice.” Daniel Lowenstein, University of California, Los Angeles “Democrats, Republicans, and Campaign Warchests in U. S. Senate Campaigns: Who Gets the Bigger Bang for their Bucks?” Glenn W. Richardson, Jr., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Ross E.Burkhart, University of Iowa Disc: Jeffrey Milyo, Tufts University

Panel 7-6 CLARK 10 Congressional and Presidential Elections in American Politics Chair: Herbert F. Weisberg, Ohio State University Papers: “Presidential and Congressional Explanations of Midterm Elections, 1946- 1994.” Andrew E. Busch, University of Denver “Forecasting Presidential Elections: A Time-Series Model.” Helmut Norpoth, State University of New York, Stony Brook “The Presidential Pulse of Congressional Elections in the 1990s.” James E. Campbell, Louisiana State University “Split Ticket Voting: Testing the Ideological Balancing and Institutional Roles Hypotheses.” Elisabeth R. Gerber, University of California, San Diego, Adam S. Many, University of California, San Diego “Poll-Based Forecasts of the Congressional Vote in Presidential 62

Election Years.” Lee Sigelman , George Washington University and Robert Erikson , University of Houston Disc: Herbert F. Weisberg, Ohio State University Valerie A. Sulfaro , James Madison University

Panel 8-3 BURNHAM 4 Deliberation and the Media Chair: Darrell M. West, Brown University Papers: “Public Deliberation and the Media.” Benjamin Page, Northwestern University “Political Discussion in Neighborhood Contexts.” Paul Beck, The Ohio State University, Russell Dalton, University of California, Irvine, Robert Huckfeldt, Indiana University, Steven Nichols, California State University, San Marcos “On Conceptualizing the Public Sphere: Lay Theories about Politics and Media.” Susan Herbst “Interesting News: The Correlates of Consumer Demand for Major News Stories.” David King, Harvard University Disc: Darrell M. West, Brown University

Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panel 9-4 SANDBURG 3 Foundings, Difference, and the Body Politic Chair: Paige Baty, Williams College Papers: “Foundings, Rape, and the Body Politic: A Reading of Machiavelli's La Mandragola.” Melissa Matthes, University of Maryland, College Park “Democratic Citizenship, the Body, and the Persistence of Politics.” Catherine A. Holland, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Paige Baty, Williams College

Panel 9-13 LASALLE 2 Gender in the University Chair: Julie Novkov , University of Michigan Papers: “Administrative Perceptions of Gender Inequality in American Higher Education.” Fred Meyer and Ralph Baker, Ball State University “Leveling or 'Leveling' the Playing Field: Title IX and College Athletics.” Elizabeth A. Rexford, Illinois State University “Immigrant Women of Color in American Higher Education: Triple Crown or Triple Whammy?” Gabriel Manrique, Winona State University “Early Entry Into Politics: An Examination of Gender Differences in Participation When Previously Theorized Barriers are Absent.” David Ivers, College of St. Francis Disc: Julie Novkov, University of Michigan

Panel 10-3 SANDBURG 4 Latinos, African Americans & Electoral Politics Chair: David Canon, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “District Context & Minority Electoral Participation.” John Alford and Richard Engstrom, Rice University “Race & Political Context: The Impact of Black Congressional Representation on the Voting Behavior of White and Black 64

Constituents.” Claudine Gay, Harvard University “Economics, Latinos, & the Presidential Vote.” Juan Carlos Huerta, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi “Caucuses as Sources of Cues: A Look at the Black, Women’s Issues & Hispanic Caucuses.” Charles E. Menifield, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: David Canon, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 11-2 LASALLE 1 Speech and Reason in Politics Chair: Elizabeth Ann Bartlett, University of Minnesota, Duluth Papers: Why Act? How to Act?: Self-Disclosing Speech as a Gauge of Political Action in the Thought of Albert Camus and Hannah Arendt.” Elizabeth Ann Bartlett, University of Minnesota, Duluth “The Limits and Possibilities of Public Reason.” Amy L. Cavender, University of Notre Dame “Discourse Theory on Legal Reasoning and the Relation of Law to Morality.” Vic Peterson, Northwestern University

Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm “Theories of Community and Practices of Interracial Dialogue.” Gregory Streich, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Annabelle Lever, University of Rochester

Panel 13-3 LASALLE 3 Spatial Analysis Chair: Jeffrey Ling, Iowa State University Papers: “Spatial Analysis and Political Science.” Jeffrey Ling, Iowa State University “Maps Speak Louder Than Words: The Use of GIS in Policy Research.” Lisa DeLorenzo, Carol Kohfeld, University of Missouri, St. Louis “Patronage Within an Environment of Scarcity: The Spatial Element of Liberalization in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Kevin Schroeder, Florida State University Disc: Patrick James, Iowa State University

Panel 14-1 LASALLE 5 Interest Group Research: New Directions Chair: Allan Cigler, University of Kansas Papers: “Tractability and Triviality in Interest-Group Studies.” Frank R. Baumgartner, Beth L. Leech, Texas A&M University “Logic, Exchange, and Beyond.” Paul Johnson, University of Kansas “Understanding Interest Groups from the Inside.” William Browne, Central Michigan University Disc: John M. Hansen, University of Chicago Andrew McFarland, University of Illinois, Chicago

Panel 15-1 MONTROSE 1 Presidential Policy Making in the International Sphere: Crises, 66

Arms and Trade Chair: Norman C. Thomas, University of Cincinnati Papers: “Policy Leadership in the Pre-Modern Presidency: Theodore Roosevelt and the Search for Strategic Resources.” Peri E. Arnold, University of Notre Dame “Presidential Politics and Trade Authority: The Electoral Connection.” David H. Clark, Florida State University “Bullets, Ballots and the Oval Office: Crisis Decision-Making and the Presidential Campaign.” Brian R King, University of Cincinnati “Eisenhower and Kennedy: Contrasting Approaches to Presidential Homework.” Douglas M. Brattebo, U.S. Naval Academy Disc: Norman C. Thomas, University of Cincinnati Nancy Kassop, State University of New York, New Paltz

Panel 16-3 DEARBORN 3 Congressional Elections Chair: Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego Papers: “Presidential Politics and Congressional Elections: The Impact of Aggregate- Level Economic Conditions 1872-1992.” Patrick. G. Lynch “Why Don't They All Win? Incumbent Loss in the U.S. House of Representatives.” Melanie J. Blumberg, Kent State University, John G. Green, University of Akron, and James J. Best, Kent State University “Bicameral Differences and Electoral Success Among Congressional Incumbents.” Sunil Ahuja, University of Southwestern Louisiana Disc: Gary C. Jacobson, University of California, San Diego Darren Davis, Michigan State University

Panel 17-1 MONTROSE 7 Roundtable on New Directions for Research on Appellate Courts Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm — New Databases and New Perspectives on the U.S. Courts of Appeals and the Supreme Court Chair: Donald Songer, University of South Carolina Part: Gregory Caldeira, Ohio State University, Susan Haire, University of Georgia, C. Neal Tate, NSF

Panel 18-3 CLARK 7 Elections Shaping State Politics Chair: Kim Q. Hill, Texas A&M University Papers: “The Rise of Republican Strength in Southern Legislatures: The Impact of ‘One Person, One Vote’ Redistricting.” Aubrey Jewett, University of Central Florida “Divided We Govern: Explaining the Causes of Divided Government in the American States.” Mark Hinnawi, University of Houston Disc: Paul Kellstedt, University of Minnesota

Panel 18-12 PARLOR H “Growing” States (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Policy) Chair: James C. Garand, Louisiana State University Papers: “Gambling the Future: A Comparative Analysis of State Investment Management Policies.” Christopher Borick, St. Norbert College “Economic Growth and Employment in the American States: The Case of the Missing Multiplier.” Allen Bronson Brierly, University of Northern Iowa, Richard Feiock, Florida State University Disc: Sharon E. Fox, University of Illinois, Chicago

Panel 19-3 BURNHAM 5 Housing and Community Chair: John Klemanski, Oakland University 68

Papers: “Social Capital and Democratic Citizenship: The Case of Private Homeowner Association.” Kathryn M. Doherty, University of Maryland “Community Service and Volunteerism: A Case Study in Rural Illinois.” Bradley A. Hinkfuss, Illinois State University “Comparative Assessment of Community Need: The Vital Link to Successful Implementation of Housing Policy.” Gloria Simo, Northern Illinois University Disc: Dennis Judd, University of Missouri

Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm Panel 20-3 SANDBURG 8 Crisis Policymaking Chair: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “Help or Hindrance: Small Business Perceptions of FEMA and SBA in Earthquake Recovery.” Scott R. Furlong and Denise Scheberle, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay “Policy Crises and Policy Change: Toward a Theory of Crisis Policymaking.” Sandra Vergari, Michigan State University “Public Support of Natural Disaster Relief Policies.” Timothy J. Ressmeyer, Insurance Research Council Disc: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 21-3 SANDBURG 2 Computers in Public Administration Chair: Benjamin T. Hourani, Eastern Michigan University Papers: “Computerization and Organizational Democracy: A Multidisciplinary Approach.” Al Bellemy, Eastern Michigan University “Office Technology and Transparency in Government.” Jeremy R.T. Lewis, University of North Iowa “The Potential Use of Internet Technology in Public Organizations.” Bruce J. Neubauer, Wayne State University “Governance and the Internet.” Michael Lipson, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Benjamin T. Hourani, Eastern Michigan University

Panel 22-W6 PARLOR G Women at the Grassroots Chair: Carol Christy, Ohio University, Lancaster Papers: “Women Networking with Their Neighbors.” Janet K. Boles, Marquette University 70

“The Black Sermon and its Political Message to Black Women.” Terri Green, Wayne State University “Local Diligence: The Impact of Fluid Social Movements on Abortion Politics.” Laura Woliver, University of South Carolina “Cycles of Opportunity for Feminist Politics: 1970s to 1990s.” Melissa Haussman, Suffolk University Disc: Heather Sauber Eileen L. McDonagh , Northeastern University

Panel 22-U2 BURNHAM 2 Teaching International and Comparative Politics Experientially Chair: Michael L. Bressler, Furman University Papers: “International Experiential Education on a Shoestring: How to Maintain Quality and Affordability When You Send Students Abroad.” John Berg, Suffolk University “Experiential Learning in International Education: Modeling the United Nations.” Donna Schlagheck, Wright State University “Greenville Hope: The Esperanza Simulation on the World Wide Web.” Cleveland Fraser, Furman University “Designing a January-Term Study Tour to Costa Rica.” Chalmers Brumbaugh, Elon College Disc: Donald Gordon, Furman University

Panel 22-T1 SANDBURG 5 Roundtable on Clifford Orwin’s The Humanity of Thucydides Chair: William B. Allen, Michigan State University Part: Paul A. Rahe, University of Tulsa Jack Riley, Coastal Carolina University Disc: Clifford Orwin, University of Toronto

Thursday, April 18, 1:30 - 3:15 pm

Thursday, April 18, 3:30 - 5:15 pm

Panel 1-5 SANDBURG 6 Labor Markets and Migration Chair: Elizabeth Clifford, Northwestern University Papers: “The Pacted Transition to Democracy and Its Effects on Labor Politics in Spain.” Kerstin Hamann, University of Central Florida “The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Post-war British Policy Challenges in Light of New Commonwealth Immigration, 1949-1962.” James Wehrli, State University of New York, Binghamton “A Frayed Welcome Mat: An Analysis of Public Support for the Liberal Consensus on Immigration in Britain, France, Germany and Italy.” Chris McIntyre, University of North Texas Disc: Elizabeth Clifford, Northwestern University

Panel 2-2 DEARBORN 1 Ethnic Conflict in the Third World Chair: Leonardo Villalon, University of Kansas Papers: “Ethnostrategy and 'Demon-cratization' in Guinea.” Robert Groelsema, Indiana University “Ethnic Divisions As An Impediment to Democratization: The Case of the Failed Nigerian Transition.” John Lucas, Saint Lawrence University “When Ethnic Violence Happens Anyway--Why Institutional Solutions Fail; The Case of Lebanon.” Nicole E. Collins, Washington University, St. Louis Disc: Movindri Reddy, University of Chicago Leonardo Villalon, University of Kansas

Panel 2-7 SANDBURG 5 Political Change in the People’s Republic of China Chair: Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, Illinois State University Papers: “State Autonomy, Policy Legitimacy, and Development: Contracts and Exchange Relations in China.” Daniel Rubenstein, University of Minnesota. “Chinese Provincial Leaders: Economic Performance and Political Mobility.” Zhiyue Bo, Roosevelt University “Reflections on the Political Stability in Post-Tiananmen China: Affective and Instrumental Political Supports.” Jie Chen, University of Wisconsin, River Falls Disc: Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, Illinois State University Donald Baxter , College of William and Mary

Panel 3-2 DEARBORN 2 Dollars, Cents and Transitions to Democracy Chair: Juan Carlos Huerta, Texas A & M University, Corpus Christi Papers: “Problems of Economic and Political Transformation in the Turkic Moslem Republics of the Former Soviet Union.” S. Dogan Koyluoglu, Eastern Michigan University “Budgeting in an Uncertain Transition: The Case of Russia, 1994-1995.” Brendan Gaffney, University of Notre Dame

“Support for and Satisfaction with Democracy: East and West in Comparative Perspective.” Pamela Moore, University of Houston Disc: Juan Carlos Huerta, Texas A & M University, Corpus Christi

Panel 3-4 PARLOR G European Tides and Democratic Waves: Which Way Are They Going? Chair: Vicki Hesli, University of Iowa Papers: “Comparing Party Politics in Latvia and the "New States" of Germany: Common Problems, Different Settings.” Scott Erb, University of Maine, Farmington and Sandra Madison, St. Olaf College Disc: Alexander Pace, Texas A & M University

Panel 4-4 MONTROSE 2 Modeling Cooperation Chair: David Press, Duke University Papers: “Re-examining the Issue of Relative Gains: The Fundamental Role of Human Nature.” David Priess, Duke University “International Cooperation, Time, and the Future.” Brian Portnoy, University of Chicago “The Meaning of Cooperation: A Reflective Response to an Unasked Question.” Nayef H. Samhat, Elmhurst College “Regime Type and Mediation Outcomes.” Nathaniel P. Lane, University of Illinois Disc: Atsushi Ishida, Emory University

Panel 5-4 MONTROSE 3 Monetary Regimes Chair: Andy Sobel, Washington University, St. Louis Papers: “Monetary Policy and Political Accountability: Success and Failure of the European Monetary System.” William Bernhard, Duke University “The Limits of European Monetary Integration.” Karl Kaltenthaler, Rhodes College “Public Goods, Standard Setting and Adjustment in European Monetary Cooperation: Explaining the Patterns of Exchange Rate Politics in Europe.” Matthias Kaelberer, University of Northern Iowa “The Political Choice of an Exchange Rate Regime.” David Leblang, University of North Texas Disc: Andy Sobel, Washington University, St. Louis

Panel 6-4 BURNHAM 1 Social, Political, and Economic Determinants of Racial and Ethnic Attitudes Chair: Tali Mendelberg, Princeton University Papers: “'Going Through a Rough Patch': Race, Economic Hardship, and Evaluations of Presidential Responsibility.” David Moskowitz, University of North Carolina, Charlotte “Is it Their or Society's Fault?: Sources of Causal Explanations for Poverty and Racial Inequality.” Ewa Golebiowska, James Glaser, Tufts University “Riots and Rebellion: The Impact of Social Unrest on the Voting Behavior of Whites.” Karen Kaufmann, University of California, Los Angeles “Amigo o Enemigo?: The Impact of Racial Context on White Public Opinion Towards Immigration.” M.V. Hood III and Irwin Morris, Texas Tech University Disc: Tali Mendelberg, Princeton University

Panel 7-9 CLARK 5 The Changing Composition of American Party Coalitions Chair: Thomas H. Little, University of Texas, Arlington Papers: “Realignment Theory and the 1994 Election.” Charles Helm, Western Illinois University “Changing Views Within the Republican Party.” John M. Bruce, Rachel E. Goldberg, Georgetown University, John A. Clark, University of Georgia “Explaining Southern Republicanism: Race in the New South.” Suzanne Globetti, University of Texas “The Grim Reaper, The Stork, and Partisan Change in the South and North, 1952-1994.” Donald Green, Eric Schickler, Yale University Disc: David W. Rohde, Michigan State University

Panel 7-8 CLARK 10 Congressional Elections Chair: Patrick Sellers, Indiana University Thursday, April 18, 3:30 - 5:15 pm Papers: “House Partisan Loyalty: Is Anyone Paying Attention?” Francine Sanders, Middle Tennessee State University, David W. Romero, University of California, Riverside “If At First You Don’t Succeed ... Repeat Challengers in Congressional Elections.” Joseph J. Hinchliffe, Sean Matheson, Mark Riley, University of Illinois “Political Consultants in House Races: Evidence from the 1990 and 1992 Elections.” Stephen K. Medvic , Purdue University “After 1994: The New Politics of Congressional Elections.” Gary C. Jacobson, Thomas P. Kim, University of California, San Diego Disc: Patrick Sellers, Indiana University

Panel 8-4 BURNHAM 4 Race and the Media Chair: Bartholomew Sparrow, University of Texas Papers: “Media Effects on Racial Attitudes in Eastern North Carolina.” Bonnie Mani, Carl McCurley and Tom Eamon, East Carolina University “Minorities in the Media.” Marilyn Viviana Hurtado, Illinois State University “The Segregated Word: African-American Newspapers in Black and White.” Michell Wilson, Brown University “Black Mass Media and Black Public Opinion.” Catherine R. Squires, Northwestern University Disc: Brian R. King, University of Cincinnati

Panel 9-1 SANDBURG 3 Roundtable: Gender, Race, and the Study of the Politics of Identity Chair: Regina Freer, University of Michigan Part: Michael Dawson, University of Chicago Jane Mansbridge, Northwestern University Virginia Sapiro, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 10-4 SANDBURG 4 Projecting Minority Images in the Media Chair: TBA Papers: “Media Coverage of African American Candidates: The Use and Impact of Racial Stereotypes.” Nayda Terkildsen, Drew University “Picture Stimuli as a Trigger of Racial Response.” Fred Slocum, University of Iowa Disc: TBA

Panel 11-4 LASALLE 1 The Persistence of Power and Powerlessness Chair: Dennis McEnnerney, New School for Social Research Papers: “The Persistence of Sovereignty and State Power in ‘Radical Democracy’.” T.L. Popejoy, “ The French Resistance and the Language of Political Identity.” Dennis McEnnerney, New School for Social Research “Toward a Critical Theory of Power.” Amy Allen, Northwestern University “Russell's Political Thought: The Question of Power.” Peter Stone, University of Rochester Disc: James Read, College of St. Benedict

Panel 12-3 LASALLE 2 Models of Congressional Delegation Chair: James R. Rogers, Texas A&M University Papers: “Congressional Deference on Foreign Policy.” Matthew Ruben, University of California, San Diego “The Paradox of Delegation: A Theory of Transaction Cost Politics.” Sharyn O'Halloran, Harvard University/Columbia University “Committee Power without Amendment Restrictions: The Case of the Chilean Senate.” John Londregan, Princeton University “The Relevance of Prospect Theory to Rational Choice Modeling.” Clifford J. Carrubba , Stanford University Disc: Elizabeth M. Martin, University of Iowa

Panel 13-4 LASALLE 3 Models of Legislator Preferences Chair: D. Roderick Kiewiet, California Institute ofTechnology Papers: “Estimating Ideal Points in Small Legislatures.” John Londregan, Princeton University “Dynamic Estimation of Congressional Voting Models Revisited.” Nolan McCarty, University of Southern California, Keith T. Poole, Carnegie Mellon University, Howard Rosenthal, Princeton University “An Inflation Index for ADA Scores.” Tim Groseclose, James Snyder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Steve Levitt, Harvard University “Legislative Entrepreneurship and Career Concerns: Analyzing Advancement in the House of Representatives.” Gregory Wawro, Cornell University. Disc: D. Roderick Kiewiet, California Institute of Technology John Jackson, University of Michigan

Panel 14-12 LASALLE 5 Political Parties, Organized Interests and Legislative Behavior (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Legislative Politics) Chair: John Frendreis, Loyola University, Chicago Papers: “Political Parties and Legislative Voting Blocs in the State Legislatures, 1776-1788.” Michael Layton, Duke University “Party Government Strength and Weakness in Clinton's 1993 Budget Vote: The Case of Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky.” Andrea Chronister and Michael J. Cripps, Rutgers University “Clash of Constituencies on the House Resources Committee: National ‘Interests’ versus Local ‘Interests’.” Richard Waddel, Duke University Disc: Jon Euchner, Missouri Western State College Sarah Morehouse , University of Connecticut

Panel 15-4 MONTROSE 1 The Rhetorical Presidency I: Executive Power and Historical Roots Thursday, April 18, 3:30 - 5:15 pm Chair: Bert Rockman, University of Pittsburgh Papers: “Philosophers and Founders on the Dilemma of Executive Power.” Carl M. Dibble, University of Michigan, Dearborn “Emergence of the Public Presidency.” Gerald H. Gamm, University of Rochester, Renee M. Smith, University of Rochester “Pillar of Reason or Poisoner of the Well? The Presidency and Deliberative Democracy.” Gary L. Gregg, Clarion University of Pennsylvania “Presidents and Public Communication in the Late Nineteenth Century.” Melvin C. Laracey, University of Michigan Disc: Bert Rockman, University of Pittsburgh

Panel 16-4 DEARBORN 3 Committees and Congressional Organization Chair: Bruce I. Oppenheimer , Vanderbilt University Papers: “House Members Preferences for Committee Assignments.” Charles Stewart III, Tim Groseclose, Massachusetts Institute of Technology “Maintaining Congressional Committees: Sources of Member Support.” Forrest Maltzman, George Washington University “Fishing for Constituents, Promoting Certainty: The Dynamics of Committee Jurisdiction Concentration.” John W. Hardin, University of North Carolina Disc: Valerie Heitshusen, University of Missouri Bruce I. Oppenheimer , Vanderbilt University

Panel 16-13 PARLOR F Representation of Racial and Political Minorities Chair: Matthew Schoussen, Franklin & Marshall Papers: “Assessing Minority Redistricting: Is There a Partisan Tradeoff and What Does it Mean for Representation?” Patrick T. Brandt, Indiana University “African Americans’ Careers in the Democratic House Delegation.” Alan Gerber, Yale University “Competing Legislative Redistricting Plans as Evidence of Political Motives.” Paul Gronke and J. Matthew Wilson , Duke University “Creative Cartography: Effects of the 1992 Redistricting on the Representation of African Americans.” Heather Hill, University of Michigan Disc: Matthew Schoussen, Franklin & Marshall Valerie C. Johnson, University of Illinois, Chicago

Panel 17-2 MONTROSE 7 Interest Group Influence on the Federal Judicial System Chair: Joseph F. Kobylka, Southern Methodist University Papers: “The Rise of Interest Group Litigation in the Supreme Court: Non-Judicial Factors.” Andrew J. Koshner, Washington University-St. Louis “Interest Groups, Legal Activity and Selection Bias.” Rorie L. Spill, Ohio State University “The U. S. Supreme Court and Abortion Politics: An Examination of the Amicus Briefs Filed in the Abortion Cases.” Suzanne Samuels, Seton Hall University “The Participation of Organized Interests in Federal Judicial Nominations.” Gregory Caldeira, Ohio State University, Marie Hojnacki, Pennsylvania State University, John R. Wright, George Washington University “Killing With Kindness: Legislative Ambiguity, Judicial Policymaking, and Labor's Fight Against Injunctions.” George Lovell, University of Michigan Disc: Joseph F. Kobylka, Southern Methodist University Eric N. Waltenburg, Purdue University

Panel 17-12 PARLOR H Civil Liberties in Cyberspace: Law, Science and Technology Chair: Bradley Canon, University of Kentucky Papers: “Hard Travelin': Free Speech in the Age of the Information Super Highway.” Wayne McIntosh, University of Maryland at College Park, Cynthia L. Cates, Towson State University “In a League of Their Own?: Nuclear Energy, Federalism, and the United States Supreme Court.” John Francis Ryan, University of North Texas Disc: Bradley Canon, University of Kentucky

Panel 18-4 CLARK 7 Environmental Policy, States, and the Federal Context (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Policy) Chair: Karen McCurdy , Georgia Southern University Papers: “Federalism and Natural Resource Policy: Comparing State and National Management of Public Forests.” Tomas M. Koontz, Indiana University

Thursday, April 18, 3:30 - 5:15 pm “Environmental Policy Innovations: A Comparative State Analysis of Groundwater Protection and Hazardous Waste Policy.” Alka Sapat, SUNY, Stony Brook “Searching for Institutional Discrimination: State Facility Siting and Environmental Equity.” Evan J. Ringquist, Florida State University “State by State Comparison of Soil Conservation Policy.” Lettie McSpadden, Northern Illinois University Disc: Nancy E. Wright , The City University of New York

Panel 19-4 BURNHAM 5 Linking the Public and Private Sector Chair: Peter Eisinger, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “What Are the Alternatives: A Look At Trends of Service Delivery in Detroit.” Cynthia Y. Jackson and David C. Wilson, Michigan State University “Exploring the Political Dimension of Privatization: The Tale of Three Cities.” Daniel Smith, University of Denver, Kevin Leyden, West Virginia University “Convention Centers and Urban Political Economy: The Case of St. Louis’ Convention Center Expansion.” David Laslo, St. Louis Development Corporation “Profitable Boundaries: Incorporating the Industrial Suburb.” Andrew J. Theising, University of Missouri, St. Louis Disc: Leda McIntyre Hall, Indiana University

Panel 20-6 SANDBURG 7 Comparative Public Policy Issues Chair: Dennis Gleiber, University of New Orleans Papers: “Equal Wage Legislation in the Industrialized Nations: What's the Purpose?” Valerie O'Regan, University of California, Riverside “The Effects of Reform on Bureaucracy: Civil Service Reform in the United States and China.” Jerrell D. Coggburn, Michael A. Gross, University of South Carolina “Policy Instruments and Political Context: Transforming a Culture of Corruption in Hong Kong.” Melanie Manion University of Rochester Disc: Michael J. Licari, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 20-7 SANDBURG 8 Reforming the American Welfare System Chair: Lael Keiser, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “History of Welfare Receipt as a Determinant of the Success of Michigan's Welfare Reforms.” Deborah S. Meizlish, University of Michigan “Getting to the Agency Doorway: The Social and Political Origins of Welfare Claiming.” Joe Soss, University of Wisconsin, Madison “Direct and Indirect Effects of Welfare on Illegitimacy.” David Dodenhoff, Anthony Woodlief, University of Michigan Disc: Lael Keiser, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 21-5 SANDBURG 2 Organization Theory Chair: Cheol H. Oh, Arkansas State University Papers: “Roles of Suborganizations in Explaining Organizational Behavior and Interaction: The Case of the Fed and the Treasury.” Armando Palacios-Sommer, University of Wisconsin-Madison “Collective Action in Centralized Institutions.” Edward Schwartz, Michael Tomz, Harvard University “Defining Ad Hoc Behavior in Government Agencies.” Carolyn Lea Clark- Daniels, Iowa State University Disc: Cornell Hooton, Emory University

Panel 22-W2 BURNHAM 2 Women in Comparative Legislative Settings Chair: Barbara C. Burrell, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “Assembling the Assembly: Women in the Legislature in Costa Rica.” Barbara Bixby, Carthage College “A View of Their Own: Women's Committee Experiences as a Lens on State Legislatures.” Cindy Simon Rosenthal, University of Oklahoma “Women Politicians: Transforming Westminster?” Pippa Norris, Harvard University “Leadership Defined: Competing Visions Among Female State Legislators.” Sharon Sykora, Slippery Rock University Disc: Ann Wynia, North Hennepin Community College Barbara C. Burrell, University of Wisconsin

Thursday, April 18, 3:30 - 5:15 pm

Friday, April 19, 8:30-10:15 am

Panel 1-6 SANDBURG 6 Party and Coalition Unity Chair: Robert J. Franzese, Harvard University Papers: “Party Factionalism and Cabinet Durability.” James Druckman, University of California, San Diego “Italian Politics in Transition: Electoral Reform and the Promise of Stability.” Salvatore Lombardo, Siena College “Party Cohesion and Third Parties in the House of Commons.” Steven E. Galatas, Kelly Shaw, University of Missouri, Columbia “The Size of the Institutional Agenda: Two party Systems Versus Multi-party Systems.” Michella Kukoleca, State University of New York, Binghamton Disc: Robert J. Franzese, Harvard University

Panel 2-4 DEARBORN 1 Elections and Economic Policy in Latin America Chair: Charles H. Weston, Western Illinois University Papers: “Social Constraints and Opportunities: Social Policy in Aylwin's Chile.” Zoltan Hajmal, University of Chicago “Beyond the Debt Crisis and Structural Adjustment: Economic Development Programs and Political Survival in Costa Rica.” Bruce M. Wilson, Rice University “What Would Happen if a Dependentista Became President? Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Brazil's Conservative Elites.” Charles H. Weston, Western Illinois University, Mariano Magalhaes, University of Iowa Disc: Kurt Weyland, Vanderbilt University

Panel 3-14 DEARBORN 2 Theorizing About Transitions: Towards a Better Understanding of the Move to Democracy Chair: Ronald Inglehart, University of Michigan Papers: “Lipset, Society and Democracy: Testing Seymour Lipset's Social Requisites of Democracy.” Douglas Modde, University of Iowa “Re-Evaluating Democratic Transition Theory: Theory, Strategy and Outcomes.” Anne Caldwell, University of Notre Dame “Economic Development, Cultural Change and Democratization.” Ronald Inglehart and Susan Ellis, University of Michigan Disc: Pamela Moore, University of Houston

Panel 5-5 MONTROSE 3 Developing Regions in a Changing International Context Chair: Karl Kaltenthaler, Rhodes College Papers: “The Advantages of Marginality for South African Investors in Post Cold War Africa.” William Reno, Florida International University

“Politics of Pipeline: Transportation of Central Asian and Azarbaijani Oil and Gas.” S. Dogan Koyluoglu, University of Michigan, Dearborn Disc: Karl Kaltenthaler, Rhodes College

Panel 6-13 BURNHAM 1 Determinants of Political Decisions: Rational Preference Aggregation, Empathy, and Civic Duty Chair: Charles S. Taber, State University of New York, Stony Brook Papers: “Considerations and the Formation of Beliefs About Politics.” William T. Bianco, Duke University “Anonymous Versus Discursive Preference Aggregation.” Michael Neblo, University of Chicago “Rational Choice and Empathy in Policy Preferences.” David Gopoian and Clifford McCue, Kent State University “Unpacking the "D" Term in Explanations of Voter Turnout; Or, Why Rational Choice Theory is Incapable of Solving Its Paradigmatic Puzzle.” Pamela Johnston Conover, Donald D. Searing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Ivor M. Crewe, University of Essex Disc: Charles S. Taber, State University of New York, Stony Brook

Panel 6-15 PDR 16 Psychological Basis of Candidate Impression Formation Chair: Thomas E. Nelson, Ohio State University Papers: “Memory-Based Versus On-Line Processing: A Field Test.” Clark Hubbard, University of New Hampshire “The Dynamics of Emotional Responses to Presidential Candidates.” Lisa D'Ambrosio, University of Michigan “Happy Faces Elicit Heuristic Processing in a Candidate Evaluation Task: A Cognitive Tuning Account.” Victor Ottati, Purdue University, Nayda R. Terkildsen, Drew University, Clark Hubbard, University of New Hampshire “The Partisan's Immunity to Scandal: Evaluations of Reagan in the Wake of Iran-Contra.” Mark Fischle, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Thomas E. Nelson, Ohio State University

Panel 7-7 CLARK 5 Candidate Characteristics and Vote Choice Chair: Marianne C. Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas Papers: “The Case of the Missing Reciprocal Influence.” David W. Romero, University of California, Riverside “The Impersonal Vote? Constituency Service Without Incumbency Advantage in the British House of Commons.” Brian Gaines, University of Illinois “The Accidental Senator: Prior Political Experience and Re-Election to the United States Senate.” Stephen J. Stambough, University of California, Riverside “Sports, Society, and Politics: The Quest for Political Office.” Jay Barth, Matt House, Hendrix College Disc: Marianne C. Stewart, University of Texas at Dallas

Friday, April 19, 8:30-10:15 am Panel 7-10 CLARK 10 Forum on the 1996 National Election Study Mod: David Leege, University of Notre Dame Larry Bartels, Princeton University Steven J. Rosenstone, University of Michigan

This will not be a typical Panel with papers and discussants. Instead, this session will be an occasion for individuals to contribute ideas about the content of the 1996 National Election Study. After very brief comments describing the general parameters of the 1996 data collection, the floor will be open to those attending the session for suggestions concerning core items as well as special themes that should be carried on the ‘96 questionnaire.

Panel 8-5 BURNHAM 4 Coverage of International Affairs Chair: Richard Sobel, Princeton University Papers: “News Coverage During Election Campaigns in Southern Africa: The Cases of Botswana 1994 and Zimbabwe 1995.” Staffan Darnolf, Goteborg University “The Enmification of Saddam Hussein: Enemy Images in Political Cartoons, August 1990-March 1991.” Joan Conners, University of Minnesota “U.S. Public Support for International Involvement: Macro and Micro-Level Analyses.” Virginia Chanley, University of Minnesota Disc: Richard Sobel, Princeton University

Panel 9-7 SANDBURG 3 Gender and Representation: A Different Voice? Chair: Sue Thomas, Georgetown University Papers: “Representing Women's Interests.” Debra L. Dodson, Rutgers University “Gender and Legislator Policy Priorities in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies and the United States House of Representatives.” Mark P. Jones, Michigan State University “The Cabinet Secretary as Representative: Dilemmas and Opportunities for Minority and Women Cabinet Secretaries.” Mary Anne Borrelli, Connecticut College “Lures and Snares: Black, Hispanic and Female Employment in Law Enforcement Bureaucracies.” Madhavi M. McCall and Michael A. McCall, Washington University, St. Louis Disc: Sue Thomas, Georgetown University

Panel 10-5 SANDBURG 4 Public Opinion & Race Chair: Louis DeSipio, University of Illinois Papers: “Unions & Race, 1952-1992: Have Racial Issues Affected Union Partisanship?” Christopher Reenock, Pennsylvania State University “Racial Attitudes & Party Identification.” Nancy Wiefek, Pennsylvania State University “Black Empowerment & the Support for Democratic Principles.” Darren Davis, Michigan State University “Variables that Influence Attitudes Toward Abortion Among Three Major Latino Groups: Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans.” Jerry Polinard, Robert Wrinkle, University of Texas-Pan American and Diana Evans Trinity College Disc: Louis DeSipio, University of Illinois

Panel 11-8 LASALLE 1 Humean Skepticism Chair: Andrew Valls, Morehouse College Papers: “Is Skepticism a Threat to Natural Right? An Analysis of Hume's Skepticism in Strauss's Natural Right and History.” Neve Gordon, University of Notre Dame “The Skeptical Origins of the Counter-Enlightenment in Hume, Hamann and Jacobi.” Damon Linker, Michigan State University “Contemporary Liberal Theory: A Humean Critique.” Andrew Valls, Morehouse College “Skepticism, Unintended Consequences, and Politics in Hume's History of England.” Mark Yellin, Rutgers University Disc: John Danford, Loyola University Stuart Warner, Roosevelt University

Panel 13-5 LASALLE 3 82

Computational Analysis (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Formal Modeling) Chair: Daniel Diermeier, Stanford University Papers: “Electoral Competition With Endogenous Preferences.” John Jackson, University of Michigan “The Khante of the Golden Horde: Simulations Across a Complex Political Landscape.” Thad Brown, J. MacDonald, K. Mueller, University of Missouri “Computational Modeling in Political Science.” Ken Kollman, University of Michigan, John Miller, Carnegie Mellon University, Scott Page, California Institute of Technology Disc: Daniel Diermeier, Stanford University Walter R. Mebane, Jr., Cornell University

Panel 14-3 LASALLE 5 Rearranging the Party Coalitions Chair: John Petrocik, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: “Reformulating the Party Coalitions: A Christian Democratic Party System.” John Petrocik, University of California, Los Angeles “The `Culture Wars' in the States: Religious Polarization Among State Party Elites and State Electorates.” Geoffrey C. Layman , University of Southern Mississippi “Republican Rules and Religious Right Takeovers.” Douglas Usher, Cornell University “In Search of Passionate Centrists: On the Mobilization of Pro-Choice Republicans.” Pierre Atlas, Rutgers University Disc: John G. Green, University of Akron

Panel 15-11 PDR 18 Ambition, Dollars, and Zealotry in Presidential Campaigns (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Elections, Voting Behavior, and Participation) Chair: Donna Wasserman, University of Michigan, Dearborn Papers: “Progressive Ambition and the Presidency: Strategy and Choice in Presidential Nominations.” Randall E. Adkins, Concord College “Losing Strategies: A Rational Actor Approach to "Extremist" Presidential Campaigns.” Robert G. Boatwright, University of Chicago “PAC Investment in Presidential Candidates During the Primary Season: A Model Accounting for Ideological and Profit-Motivated Contributions.” Alexandra L. Cooper, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Disc: Lawrence Longley, Lawrence University Donna Wasserman, University of Michigan, Dearborn

Panel 15-12 MONTROSE 1 Civilian Control of the Defense Department: Assessing the Goldwater-Nichols Reforms After a Decade (Co-Sponsored with the Section on International Relations) Chair: John Allen Williams, Loyola University, Chicago Papers: “Trends in U.S. Defense Reorganizations from the National Security Act to Goldwater-Nichols.” Greggory Gunderson, University of Wisconsin-Madison “Inter-Service Rivalry and the Joint Chiefs of Staff: A Comparison of Military Deployments During the Korean and Persian Gulf Wars.” David R. Eberhardt, University of Denver “From Service Parochialism to Jointness: The Implementation of the Goldwater-Nichols Act.” Peter J. Roman, Duquesne University “The New Military Missions and Civilian-Military Decision Making.” David W. Tarr, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: John Allen Williams, Loyola University of Chicago

Panel 16-5 DEARBORN 3 Congress and President Chair: Patrick Lynch, Georgetown University Papers: “Congressional War Powers: Is Congress Begging the Question?” Bill Granstaff, University of Oklahoma Disc: Andrew E. Busch, University of Denver Patrick Lynch, Georgetown University

Panel 16-14 PDR 17 Senate Behavior Chair: Ross Baker, Rutgers University Friday, April 19, 8:30-10:15 am Papers: “Politics or Principle? The Senate Filibuster.” Sarah Binder, Brookings Institution and Steven Smith, University of Minnesota “The Two Senators Thesis: Foreign Policy Versus Domestic Policy and the Impact of a Resurgent Congress on U.S. Foreign Policy.” Joe Patten, West Virginia University

“Senate Voting Behavior and the Reelection Constituency: Comparing Abortion and Domestic Spending Bills.” Melinda A. Mueller, Eastern Illinois University Disc: Ross Baker, Rutgers University

Panel 17-6 MONTROSE 7 Comparative Studies on Constitutional Law and Judicial Behavior Chair: Robert E. Sterken Jr., Texas Tech University Papers: “The Canadian Supreme Court, the Constitutional Politics of Language Rights: the Supreme Court, the 1995 Quebec Referendum.” William Green, Morehead State University “Forgery, Commerce, and Courts: A Comparative Study of English and American Law.” Steven B. Dow, Michigan State University Disc: Robert E. Sterken Jr., Texas Tech University

Panel 18-5 CLARK 7 Exploring the Contemporary Governor Chair: Elizabeth Rexford, Illinois State University Papers: “A Dynamic Analysis of Gubernatorial Popularity.” Peverill Squire, University of Iowa, Greg D. Adams, Harvard University “Gubernatorial Policy Leadership in the Fifty States.” Margaret R. Ferguson, University of North Carolina “The Influence of Campaign Themes on Voting Behavior in Gubernatorial Elections, 1982-1994.” Thomas M. Carsey, University of Illinois, Chicago Disc: Michael Baranowski, University of Kentucky

Panel 19-8 BURNHAM 5 Local Leadership Chair: Elaine Sharp, University of Kansas Papers: “Friends Allies and Progress: The Maier Years.” Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh “Changing Political Regimes in Chicago 1863-1995.” Dick Simpson, Thomas M. Carsey, University of Illinois, Chicago

“How Do Durable and Successful Nonpartisan Slating Organizations Maintain Themselves During Times of Stress?.” David G. Houghton, Western Michigan University Disc: Lana Stein, University of Missouri-St Louis

Panel 20-8 SANDBURG 7 States and Development Policy (Co-Sponsored with the Section on State and Intergovernmental Politics) Chair: DeLysa Burnier, Ohio University Papers: “U.S. Industrial Policy and the Role of the Fifty States.” Renée J. Johnson, University of Florida

Friday, April 19, 8:30-10:15 am “Linking the Motivations and Political Consequences of Business Incentive Policies: Are Economic Development Policies Effective Political Tools? Sharon E. Fox, University of Illinois, Chicago, Laura L. Langer, Florida State University Disc: Carmine Scavo, East Carolina University

Panel 20-9 SANDBURG 8 Health Care Policy Chair: Carol S. Weissert, Michigan State University Papers: “Information and Choice: Two Crucial Determinants in Health Care Reform.” Richard E. Chard, State University of New York, Stony Brook “The Effect of Political Structure on the Delivery of Health Care Services.” Austin Works, University of Virginia, Patricia Bodelson, St. Cloud State University “Interest Group Agendas, Strategies, and Resources: A Case Study of Three Players in Michigan.” Lucinda M. Ramsey, Michigan State University Disc: Deborah A. Orth, University of Houston

Panel 21-1 SANDBURG 2 Roundtable: Administrative Implications of the New Federalism Chair: Beryl Radin, State University of New York at Albany Part: Peter Edelman, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Elizabeth Hollander, DePaul University Sarah Liebschutz, SUNY Brockport Lawrence Lynn, University of Chicago

Panel 22-T2 SANDBURG 5 Aristotle’s Political Science Chair: Larry Arnhart, Northern Illinois University Papers: “The Best Regimes of Aristotle's Politics.” Liz A. Alexander, University of Toronto “Aristotle's Legislative Science.” Tim Collins, University of Virginia “The Order of the Politics and the Science of Politics.” Jeff Langan, University of Notre Dame Disc: Larry Arnhart, Northern Illinois University Roberta L. Sullivan, University of Notre Dame

Panel 22-W1 BURNHAM 2 Roundtable on Kathleen Hall Jamieson's “Beyond the Double Bind” Chair: Mary E. Stuckey, University of Mississippi Part: Georgia Duerst-Lahti , Beloit College Lyn Kathlene , Purdue University Lynn Sanders , University of Chicago Kathleen Hall Jamieson, University of Pennsylvania

Friday, April 19, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm

Panel 1-7 SANDBURG 6 Welfare States and Corporatism Chair: Christopher S. Allen, University of Georgia Papers: The Impact of Majoritarian vs Consensus Political Institutions on Welfare Expenditures in Industrialized Democracies: A Pooled Time-Series, Cross-National Study.” Markus Crepaz, University of Georgia “Erosion or Entrenchment? The State of Social Corporatism - New Evidence from Austria and Germany.” Reinhard Heinisch, University of Pittsburgh “Economic Performance and the Social Democratic Corporatism Model: A Test of Assumptions.” M. Shawn Reichert, Rice University Disc: Christopher S. Allen, University of Georgia

Panel 2-5 DEARBORN 1 Parties, Politicians, and the People in Latin America Chair: Susan Stokes, University of Chicago Papers: “Religion and Conventional Political Participation in Central America.” Andrew Stein, Tennessee Technological University “Parliamentary Elites and the Consolidation of Democracy in Latin America: Cross-National Study.” Charles D. Kenney, University of Notre Dame “Candidate Quality in Comparative Context: Experimental Evidence from Latin America.” Jeffery Mondak, Damarys Canache, Ernesto Cabrera, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Susan Stokes, University of Chicago

Panel 3-5 DEARBORN 2 “It Just Doesn't Fit”: Understanding Paradoxes in the Transition to Democracy Chair: Kevin Brennan, Ouachita Baptist University Papers: “The Structure of Influence Among Local Government Elites in New Democracies.” Anne Bennett and Samuel Eldersveld, The University of Michigan “Recipe for Repression: Survivability and Transition in Eastern European Authoritarian Regimes.” Brian Durham, Bobby Summers, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale “The Fate of Centrifugal Democracies.” Alan Siaroff, University of British Columbia “Determining the Length of Democratic Transitions: Evidence from Central America.” Kerstin Hamann, Rice University, Bruce M. Wilson, University of Central Florida Disc: Elisha Greifer, Northern Michigan University

Panel 3-15 SANDBURG 5 Exploring Russian Transitions to Democracy Chair: James Gibson, University of Houston Papers: “The Russian Transition: How Russians Conceptualize Their Political World.” James Alexander, University of Illinois “The Public and Privatization: Lukewarm Support for Capitalism in Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania.” Vicki Hesli, University of Iowa “Political Intolerance in the Fledgling Russian Democracy: A Comparative Perspective.” James Gibson, University of Houston Disc: Kathryn Montgomery , Illinois-Wesleyan University

Panel 4-6 MONTROSE 2 Militarization in Developing States Chair: James Sperling, University of Akron Papers: “Talking a Walk on the Supply Side: Market Structure and Weapons Control Regimes.” James Sperling, David Louscher, University of Akron, Michael Solomone, Georgia Institute of Technology “Assimilation and Military Power: Towards a Coherent Approach to Net Assessments in Developing States.” Christopher Parker, University of Chicago “Guns Vs. Butter Revisited: Military Spending and Development in the Post-Cold War Era.” Robert J. Griffiths, University of North Carolina, Greensboro Friday, April 19, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Disc: Barry M. Sweet, University of West Virginia

Panel 5-6 MONTROSE 3 Policy Making in Increasingly Open Economies Chair: William Bernhard, Duke University Papers: “Challenges and Strategies Toward and Effective Telecommunications Sector in the European Union.” Leena Thacker- Kumar, University of Houston, Downtown “The Politics of Television in India.” Amit Gupta, University of Illinois-Urbana “Environmentalism, Free Trade, and Regionalism in Theoretical Perspective: An Unholy Developmental Trinity.” Imtiaz Hussain, Center for the Research and Teaching of Economics Disc: William Bernhard, Duke University

Panel 6-5 BURNHAM 1 Conceptualizing Citizen Knowledge and Evaluating its Political Role Chair: Michael Delli Carpini, Barnard College Papers: “Wrong Questions, Wrong Answers: Measuring Political Knowledge.” Doris Graber, University of Illinois, Chicago “Fit for the Greater Functions of Politics: Gender, Participation and Political Knowledge.” Sue Tolleson Rinehart, Terry L. Gilmour, M.V. Hood III, and Kurt Alan Shirkey, Texas Tech University “Studying Informed Preferences: Measures, Models, and Mysteries.” Mark Lindeman, Columbia University Misinformation and Public Opinion.” James Kuklinski, Paul J. Quirk, Robert Rich , David Schweider, University of Illinois Disc: Michael Delli Carpini, Barnard College

Panel 7-11 CLARK 10 Racial Attitudes and Racial Voting in American Elections Chair: Ronald E. Brown , Wayne State University Papers: “Race and Voting Behavior in Presidential Elections: 1956-1992.” Brad Lockerbie, University of Georgia “Strategic White Voting in the 1988 and 1992 Presidential Elections: White Defectors and African Americans.” Jeremy D. Mayer, Georgetown University “Explaining Black Support for Democrats in Congressional Elections: Some Theoretical Concerns.” Andaiye Kariamu, Ohio State University “African-American Realignment, 1937-1965.” Daniel V. Dowd , Yale University Disc: Ronald E. Brown, Wayne State University Craig J. Svoboda , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

Panel 7-13 CLARK 5 Third-Party and Independent Candidacies Chair: Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College Papers: “Third-Candidate Legacies: The Impact of Candidate Withdrawal on Issue Salience.” Diane Lowenthal, Carnegie Mellon University “Common Sense for Uncommon Circumstances: Ross Perot and the Framing of Economic Solutions for Middle Class Hardships.” Solon J. Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Madison, James R. Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh “Perot Supporters Before and After the 1992 Elections.” Jeffrey W. Koch, State University of New York, Geneseo “Structural Implications of Religious Adherence: Independent Presidential Candidacies, 1912-1992.” Christopher P. Gilbert, Gustavus Adolphus College, David A. M. Peterson, University of Minnesota, Timothy R. Johnson, Washington University Disc: Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College

Panel 8-7 BURNHAM 4 Local News Chair: Marion Just, Wellesley College Papers: “Diversity and Uniformity in Local Newspaper Editorial Commentary on National Political Matters.” Jan P. Vermeer, Nebraska Wesleyan University “Reassessing the Local News.” Chris Goodwin, Brown University “Over the Wire and Then What?” Paul Martin, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Marion Just, Wellesley College

Panel 9-8 SANDBURG 3 The Construction of Gender Difference Chair: Russell Mayer, University of Michigan Papers: “What's Gender Got to Do With It?” Gertrude a. Steuernagel, Thom Yantek, Irene Barnett, Kent State University “The Politics of Sex 'Differences': The Historical Construction of Empirical Claims for Sex Difference in Popular Periodicals.” Deirdre M. Condit, Roz Stein, Virginia Commonwealth University 88

“Explaining Attitudes Toward the Roles of Women in a Unified Germany.” Mary Stegmaier, University of Iowa “Gender Differences Toward Crime and Punishment.” Shannon Smithey, Jon Hurwitz, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Russell Mayer, University of Michigan

Friday, April 19, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panel 10-6 SANDBURG 4 Race, Redistricting & Participation in the 1990s Chair: Katherine Underwood, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Papers: “Districts, Incumbents, Noncitizens, and Youth: Electoral Empowerment Influences of Latino Congressional District Composition.” Louis DeSipio, University of Illinois “Black Interests, Both Objective and Subjective — Examining Which Legislators are Sponsoring Legislation Meaningful to Black Constituents.” Michael Cobb, Jeffery Jenkins, University of Illinois “Racial Redistricting & the New Republican Majority.” David Lublin, University of South Carolina Disc: Katherine Underwood, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh

Panel 11-9 LASALLE 1 Anti-Federalists and Federalists Chair: Michael Ault, University of North Texas Papers: “Ancients, Moderns, and Americans: The Republicanism-Liberalism Debate Reconsidered.” Alan Gibson, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee “George Mason of Virginia: a Proto-Rawlsian Delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1787?” Francis Greene “The Brutus-Publius Dialogue.” Emery G. Lee III, Vanderbilt University “Men of Little Faith — and Great Foresight: The Anti-Federalists and Democratic Press Liberty.” Robert W.T. Martin, University of Minnesota Disc: Michael Ault, University of North Texas

Panel 12-5 LASALLE 2 Models of Taxation and Income Redistribution Chair: Charles R. Shipan, University of Iowa Papers: “The Political Economy of Redistribution and Dynamic Resource Allocation.” Avinash Dixit, Princeton University “The IRS, Taxpayers and Court.” Joel Kaji, Robert Howard, State University of New York at Stony Brook “State Compliance with Requisitions under the Articles of Confederation.” Keith Dougherty, University of Maryland, College Park Disc: David Epstein, Harvard University/Columbia University

Panel 13-7 LASALLE 3 Models of Districting and Turnout Chair: Elisabeth R. Gerber, University of California, San Diego Papers: “The Use and Misuse of Ecological Regression In Vote Dilution Cases.” Richard D. Shingles, Virginia Polytechnic University and State University “Racial Polarization and Turnout in North Carolina and Louisiana: New Insights From Aggregate Data Analysis.” Bradley Palmquist, D. Stephen Voss, Harvard University

“Registration, Cost of Voting and Turnout: a Multilevel Model.” Bradford S. Jones, University of Arizona, Marco Steenbergen, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Patrick Stroh, Carnegie Mellon University Disc: Robert S. Erikson, University of Houston Elisabeth R. Gerber, University of California, San Diego

Panel 14-4 LASALLE 5 The Increasing Role of Party Organization Chair: Gerald Pomper, Rutgers University Papers: “Campaigning for Resources: Political Parties Respond to Candidate-Centered Elections.” Rachelle Brooks and Laurie Naranch, Rutgers University “Nationalizing Local Elections: The Contract with America, the RNC and State Legislative Elections.” Thomas H. Little, University of Texas, Arlington “The Coordinated Campaign: Party Builder or Stumbling Block.” Caroline E. M. Heldman, Rutgers University “Local Party Officials and Perceptions of Party Change.” Robert P. Steed, The Citadel Disc: Lawrence Longley, Lawrence University

Panel 15-6 MONTROSE 1 Presidents: Their Publics and Parties Chair: Patricia Conley, Northwestern University Papers: “Presidential Ideology and the Public Mood.” Jeffrey E. Cohen, University of Kansas, John Hamman, Southern Illinois University “Bipartisanship As Strategy: Presidents and Appeals for Bipartisan Politics.” John J. Coleman, University of Wisconsin, Madison “The Constraining Effects of Divided Government.” George C. Edwards III, Andrew Barrett, Jeffrey Peake, Texas a&M University “The Delinking of Presidential Speechmaking and Presidential Popularity.” Robert C. Turner, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Patricia Conley, Northwestern University

Panel 16-7 DEARBORN 3 Determinants of Legislative Effectiveness Chair: Roger T. Larocca, University of Chicago Papers: “The Origins of Congressional Support.” Maurice Mangum, Louisiana State University “Thinking Globally or Acting Locally? Determinants of the GATT Vote in Congress.” Erik a. Gartzke, J. Mark Wrighton, University of Iowa “Legislative Effectiveness in the U.S. House of Representatives: Struggle, Strategy, and Success.” Janet Box- Steffensmeier and Valeria Sinclair , Ohio State University Disc: Roger T. Larocca, University of Chicago Kathy Bratton, University of North Carolina

Friday, April 19, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm Panel 16-15 PDR 17 Patterns in State Legislative Careers Chair: David Canon, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “Anchoring Legislative Careers: Analysis of a New Idea in the ‘Old North State’.” E. Lee Bernick, University of North Carolina, Greensboro Disc: David Canon, University of Wisconsin, Madison Kerry Haynie, University of Pennsylvania

Panel 17-3 MONTROSE 7 New Perspectives on State Judicial Research Chair: Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Papers: “The Intersection of Law, Politics, and Policy: Comparing Legal Services Litigation for the Poor in the American State Supreme Courts and the U. S. Circuit Courts of Appeals, 1965-1994.” John C. Kilwein, West Virginia University “Until Death do Us Part: the Interactive Roles of the American State Supreme Courts and State Legislatures in Hate Speech and Hate Crimes Policy.” Krista Karickhoff, West Virginia University “The Impact of Women Justices on the Political and Legal Environment: a Longitudinal Analysis of the Minnesota Supreme Court.” Carla E. Molette Ogden, Washington University--St. Louis “The Death Penalty and the California Justices: 1979 and 1990.” Craig Emmert, Texas Tech University, Carol Ann Traut, University of South Dakota Disc: Melinda Gann Hall, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee

Panel 17-13 PDR 18 Courts and Public Opinion Chair: Liane Kosaki, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “Presenting a United Front: The Impact of Consensus and Conflict on the U. S. Supreme Court.” Valerie J. Hoekstra, Washington University “On the Relationship between Public Opinion and Supreme Court Decision Making.” Lawrence J. Grossback, University of Minnesota “Dynamic and Diffuse--a General Model of Public Support for Supreme Courts.” Anke Grosskopf, University of Pittsburgh “Controversial Court Decisions, Individual Ideology and Retaliation: An Experiment.” Bradley Canon, C. Scott Peters Jim Cauthen, J.D. Droddy,, University of Kentucky Disc: Jennifer Segal, University of Kentucky Liane Kosaki, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 18-6 CLARK 7 Citizens, Officials, Taxes Chair: Robert Koulish , Beloit College Papers: “Tax Revolts.” Stuart B. Schneiderman, Florida State University “The Political Consequences of Redistribution in the American States.” Deborah a. Orth, University of Houston

“The Futility of State Tax Competition for Business Site Selections.” James R. Rogers, Texas a&M University Disc: Robert Koulish , Beloit College

Panel 19-5 BURNHAM 5 Community Empowerment and Participation Chair: Jack Knott, Michigan State University Papers: “What Does Urban Political Theory Have to Say About Evaluating Empowerment Zones?” Michael Brintnall, American Political Science Association “Defining and Defending Our Space: Empowerment and Political Participation in the Everyday Lives of African American Women.” Pamela Y. Cook, Sarita McCoy Gregory, University of Chicago “Neighborhood Empowerment: Can it Happen? Does It Matter?” Sue E.S. Crawford, Creighton University, Roger B. Parks, Lydia Amerson, Avra Johnson, and David Robb, Indiana University, David Swindell, Wright State University “Exit and Voice in Large US Cities: Can Citizen Participation Affect Population Change?” Carmine Scavo, East Carolina University Disc: Delysa Burnier, Ohio University

Panel 20-10 SANDBURG 7 New Insights Into Public Budgeting Finance and Fiscal Policy Chair: William Berry, Florida State University Papers: “Institutional Rules and State Budgetary Outcomes.” Paul S. Kearns, Michigan State University “The Federal Debt as Policy Constraint: Testing the Conventional Wisdom.” Patrick T. Taylor, University of Missouri, St. Louis “Democracy Under Stress: Trade Liberalization and the Domestic Political Consequences of U.S. Global Economic Leadership.” Orin Kirshner, Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy Disc: Jim True, Texas a&M University

Panel 20-11 SANDBURG 8 Politics and Policymaking Chair: Kim Q. Hill, Texas a&M University Papers: “Electoral Coalition Support and the Distribution of Federal Policy.” John Marion, Jr., Indiana University “Political Support for Technology Policies: 1981-1995.” Michael Hawthorne, Pembroke State University “Comparing the Grace and Gore Commissions.” Ezra Paul , Johns Hopkins University Disc: Loree Bykerk, University of Nebraska, Omaha

Panel 21-6 SANDBURG 2 Reinventing Government Chair: Anne Khademian, University of Wisconsin-Madison Papers: “Does Public Entrepreneurism Increase Administrative Capacity?” Alan Melchior, University of Mississippi “Making TQM Work in the Public Sector: The Use of Third Party Mediation to Overcome Roadblocks.” Karen Lindenberg, Eastern Michigan University, Elizabeth Hurwitz “Expertise, Output, and the Impact of Bureaucratic Downsizing.” C.F. Larry Heimann, Michigan State University “Citizen-Initiated Contact and Satisfaction with Bureaucracy: a Multivariate Analysis.” George Serra, University of Miami “Reinventing Government at the Federal Level: Constitutional and Public Law Implications.” Ruth a. Watry, University of Delaware Disc: Anne Khademian, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Panel 22-U3 BURNHAM 2 Roundtable on Teaching: Old Concerns and New Challenges Chair: Edward I. Sidlow, Eastern Michigan University Part: “Teaching Research Methods: The Best Job in the Department.” Kenneth Janda, Northwestern University, “Teaching Large Classes.” Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University “Some Challenges and Opportunities of Distance Education in Political Science.” William McLauchlan, Purdue University “The Multimedia Lecture: From the Lunatic Fringe.” Jerry Goldman, Northwestern University “Preparing Future Faculty: Programs in Professional Socialization.” Beth M. Henschen, Albion College

Panel 22-N1 PDR 16 Prospects for the Left in American Politics Friday, April 19, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm (Organized by the Caucus for a New Political Science) Chair: John Bokina , University of Texas, PanAmerican Papers: “Newt’s Notions: Taking Polemics Semi(o)logically.” Leonard Williams , Manchester College “The Citizen’s Alliance.” Patrick J. McGeever , Indiana University “Ethnic-Racial Conflict in the United States: Theories of Political Coalitions Revisited.” Calvin Harris , Suffolk University Disc: Catherine O’Leary , New School for Social Research

Friday, April 19, 1:30-3:15 pm

Poster Session MEZZANINE Graduate Student Research on Law, Courts and Judicial Behavior 1. “State Supreme Courts as Independent Judiciaries.” Stuart B. Schneiderman, Florida State University 2. “Federal Law and State Constitutions: The Illinois Search and Seizure Provision.” Joseph Lang, Christopher Budzisz, Southern Illinois University-Carbondale 3. “Staff, Clerks, and the Writing of Supreme Court Opinions: a Neo-Institutional Revision of the Small-Group Hypothesis.” Bradley J. Best, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale 4. “Law Clerks in the U.S. Supreme Court.” David Weiden, University of Texas, Austin

Panel 1-8 SANDBURG 6 British Politics Chair: Graham K. Wilson, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “Labour’s Modernization and Post-election Prospects: Assessing the Attitudes of Labour MPs Toward Party Change.” Michael Levy, Southeast Missouri State University and University of Kentucky “Determinants of Incumbents Constituency Specific Vote Changes From One General Election to the Next in Britain: Continuity and Change From the 1970s to the 1990s.” David Wood, Seung-Kyung Baek, Jongbin Yoon, University of Missouri, Columbia “Economic Expectations and Pocketbook Voting in Britain.” David Lanoue, University of California, Riverside, Barbara Headrick, Texas a & M University Disc: David Broughton, University of Wales

Panel 2-6 DEARBORN 1 Workers and the State Chair: Timothy Steigenga, University of Massachusetts/Connecticut Papers: “Informal Workers Participate Politically, but How and Why?” Edwin Eloy Aguilar, Douglas Thornton Texas a&M University “When the Rules of the Game Change With Each Player: a Comparative Analysis of Institutional Constraints on Interest Group Organization in Brazil.” Jan Sallinger-McBride, University of Tennessee, Knoxville “Democracy, Class Alliances, and the Liberal Authoritarian State in Trinidad and Tobago and Surinam.” F. S. J. Ledgister, Morehead State University Disc: Timothy Steigenga, University of Massachusetts/Connecticut

Panel 3-6 DEARBORN 2 Parliamentary Development and the East European Transitions Towards Democracy Chair: David Olson, University of North Carolina at Greensboro Papers: “Legislative Elites and the East European Transformations.” Jacek Wasilewski, University of Rochester “Political Parties and Parliamentary Development in the East European Democratic Transitions.” Jack Bielasiak, Indiana University

Friday, April 19, 1:30-3:15 pm “Parliamentary Committees and Parliamentary Development in Poland's Democratic Transition.” Maurice Simon, David Olson, East Carolina University “Legislative Development in Post-Yugoslavia Croatia, Serbia, and Slovenia.” Jim Seroka Disc: Lawrence Longley, Lawrence University

Panel 4-8 MONTROSE 2 The United Nations and Its Agencies After the Cold War Chair: Cassandra R. Veney, Illinois State University Papers: “The Politics of Refugee Relief Operations in Kenya.” Cassandra R. Veney, Illinois State University “The United Nations and Somalia: a Collective Clientelist Relationship?” Assefaw Bariagaber, University of Nebraska, Kearney “The African Group and UNCTAD: African States with Changing International Institutions.” Kathryn Lavelle, Northwestern University Disc: Elizabeth Van Wie Davis, Illinois State University

Panel 5-7 MONTROSE 3 Power, Interdependence, and Development Chair: Oikuan Fiona Yap, University of Rochester Papers: “Power Politics and Interdependence: Directions for Further Research.” Susan McMillan, Pennsylvania State University “Limiting Relationships: The Implications of Cold War Politics on the Development of the South.” Christopher Cannon, University of Kansas “The Hegemony of Global Liberalism: The Decline of Third World Challenges to International Economic Regimes.” Francis Adams, Old Dominion University “Fear of Third world Growth: Real or Imagined? Examined Through Krugman's Single and Multigood Input-Output Model.” Srinivasan Sitaraman, Kent State University Disc: Oikuan Fiona Yap, University of Rochester

Panel 6-9 BURNHAM 1 The Media, Alienation, and Political Participation Chair: Diana Mutz, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “The Empowering Effects of Talk Radio.” Russell Mayer, Kimberly Gross, University of Michigan “Television News' Contribution to Political Cynicism.” Marc J. Hetherington, University of Texas, Austin “Postmaterialist Value Priorities and Political Participation.” Ewa Golebiowska, Tufts University, Steven Nichols, California State University, San Marcos “Alienation and Voting in American National Elections, 1990-1994.” Thomas A. Kazee and Christy Shi, Davidson College Disc: Diana Mutz, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 6-17 PDR 16 Sources of Stability and Change in Adult Political Development Chair: Kent Tedin, University of Houston Papers: “Stability of Citizenship Values Over Time and the Life Cycle.” Samantha Luks, University of California, Berkeley “Aging and Partisanship: The Evolution of Party Identification.” Steven Daniels, University of Alabama, Birmingham Disc: Kent Tedin, University of Houston Roberta Sigel , The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers

Panel 7-12 CLARK 5 Primary Elections Chair: John M. Bruce , Georgetown University Papers: “The Effect of Primary Type on the Occurrence of Mixed Party Delegations in the U. S. Senate.” Catherine R. Shapiro, Dartmouth College, Charles R. Shipan, University of Iowa “The Democratization of Presidential Selection: The Democratic Party in the States, 1972-1980.” Jeffrey S. Walz, John Comer, University of Nebraska “The Effect of Divisive Presidential Primaries on Individuals.” David M. Cantor, University of Maryland “The Benefits and Burdens of Congressional Primary Elections.” Marni Ezra , American University Disc: John M. Bruce, Georgetown University Daniel V. Dowd , Yale University

Panel 7-14 PDR 18 Economic Influences on Political Behavior Chair: Christopher Wlezien, University of Houston Papers: “Elite Economic Forecasts, Economic News, Mass Economic Expectations, and Voting Intentions in the United States.” Richard Nadeau, University of Montreal, Richard G. Niemi, University of Rochester, David Fan, University of Minnesota “Conversations in Context: The (Mis)Measurement of Value Change.” Jonathan Rapkin, Harold Clarke, University of North Texas and Nittish Dutt, Eastern Mediterranean University “The Impact of Aggregate-Level Economic Conditions on Presidential Elections Over Time.” Patrick G. Lynch, Georgetown University “The Politics of Economic Reform Paths in Central and Eastern Europe.” Amanda Rose, Indiana University Disc: Christopher Wlezien, University of Houston

Panel 7-16 CLARK 10 The Impact of the Presidential Campaign Chair: William G. Jacoby, University of South Carolina Papers: “Political Learning During Presidential Election Campaigns.” Thomas M. Holbrook, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Friday, April 19, 1:30-3:15 pm “Do Campaigns Matter? Testing the Cross-national Implications of the Gelman-King Hypothesis.” Randolph T. Stevenson, Lynn Vavreck, University of Rochester “Campaign Advertising and Candidate Strategy.” R. Michael Alvarez, Reginald Roberts, California Institute of Technology “Polls, Events, the Media, and Victory: Presidential Campaign Dynamics in 1992.” Brian Roberts, Daron Shaw, University of Texas, Austin Disc: William G. Jacoby, University of South Carolina

Panel 8-8 BURNHAM 4 Interest Groups and the Media Chair: Carl McCurley, East Carolina University Papers: “Voices.” Robert J. Klotz, Washington University “Issue Framing and Symbolism: An Experimental Analysis of Media Coverage on the Women's Movement.” Nayda R. Terkildsen, Drew University, Frauke Schnell, West Chester University “The Transparency of the News Media: Coverage of the Press by the Press.” Bartholomew Sparrow, University of Texas, Austin Disc: Martha E. Kropf, The American University

Panel 9-9 SANDBURG 3 The Quality of Women's Lives (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) Chair: Chandra Mudaliar, Beloit College Papers: “On the Character of Women: Feminism, Imperialism, and Separate Spheres in Victorian Britain.” Kimberly K. Germain, University of Chicago “Women and Development: The Issues of Labor Force Participation and Quality of Life.” Serife Ilgu Ozler, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee “Population Policies and Developing Nations: Determinants of Government Activity.” Tricia Mulligan, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee “The Gender Gap: A Cross-National Study of Women's Status.” Patricia McGee Crotty, East Stroudsburg University Disc: Chandra Mudaliar, Beloit College

Panel 10-7 SANDBURG 4 Resolving Discrimination Issues in a Post Civil Rights Era Chair: Joseph Stewart, Jr., University of Texas, Dallas Papers: “Black Civil Rights and the American Public Interest.” Dianne Pinderhughes, University of Illinois “Applying Statistical Power Analysis to Employment Discrimination Cases.” Fang Wang, Chien-chung Yin, California Institute of Technology “Using Environmental Variables as Determinants of Resolving Charges of Discrimination by the EEOC.” Kevin Unter, University of New Orleans Disc: Joseph Stewart, Jr., University of Texas, Dallas

Panel 11-10 LASALLE 1 Environmental Ethics & Political Theory Chair: James Read , College of St. Benedict Papers: “Environmental Ethics & Political Theory: Murray Bookchin's Doubly Transcendent Synthesis.” Adolf Gunderson, Texas A & M University “Liberalism and the Separation of Power and Moral Standing.” Sheryl Breen, University of Minnesota “The Environmental Implications of Political Context.” Russell Gardner, Texas A & M University “Political Power, Power Over Nature, & Environmental Ethics.” James Read, College of St. Benedict Disc: Susan Liebell, University of Chicago

Panel 12-4 PDR 17 Norms, Rules, and Cohesion in Legislatures Chair: Rick Wilson, Rice University Papers: “House Republicans and Restrictive Rules: A New Regime.” Kristin Kanthak, Elizabeth M. Martin, University of Iowa “Willie Brown's Successor, or What Happens to Party Discipline after Term Limits.” Chris Fastnow, Wellesley College “Cohesion in Legislatures: A Multi-Period Model.” Daniel Diermeier, Stanford University “A Rational Choice Perspective on Congressional Norms: A Theoretical Case for Universalism in General Legislation.” Robert H. Bruhl, University of Illinois at Chicago Disc: William Heller, Stanford University

Panel 13-8 LASALLE 3 Multi-Level Analysis Chair: Paul Gronke , Duke University Papers: “A Two Level Lisrel Model With Non-Linear Extensions: Consistency, Proofs and Estimation.” Jasjeet S. Sekhon, Walter R. Mebane, Jr., Cornell University “Levels of Analysis and the Changing Dynamics of Participation in the United States.” Richard J. Timpone, Kimberly A. Mealy, State University of New York, Stony Brook “A Multi-Level Model of Public Opinion Towards the Economy.” Bradford S. Jones, University of Arizona, H. Brandon Haller, University of Oregon, David Colnic, Stephen Johnson, University of Arizona Disc: Paul Gronke , Duke University Mitch Sanders, University of Rochester

Panel 14-5 LASALLE 5 Organized Interests and Legislative Access Chair: Lilliard E. Richardson, Jr., University of Tennessee, Knoxville Papers: “Committee Membership Impact on PAC Giving: A Test of the Principal Agent Model.” Katrina Lynn Schocehet, University of Florida “Lobbying Till We Get It Right.” Burdett Loomis, University of Kansas

Friday, April 19, 1:30-3:15 pm “The Political Geography of Lobbying: How Industries Maximize Their Influence in Congress.” Fiona McGillivray, Washington University, Wendy J. Schiller, Brown University Disc: Eric M. Uslaner, University of Maryland

Panel 14-6 LASALLE 2 Groups and Policy Strategies Chair: Richard L. Hall, University of Michigan Papers: “Staff and Ideological Constraints in Interest Group Coalitions.” Kevin W. Hula, Loyola College, Maryland “Budgetary Constraints, Interest Groups, and Committee Leadership.” Tim Huelskamp, Duke University “Doing the Institution Hop: Public Interest Group Recourse to the Federal Courts and Congress in the Pregnancy Disability Policy Domain.” Nancy Ellis Kucinski , Kimi King, University of North Texas “Grassroots Lobbying, Access to Congress, and Human Rights Politics.” Melvin A. Kahn and Chihana Enock, Wichita State University Disc: Glen Krutz, Texas A&M University

Panel 15-5 MONTROSE 1 The Rhetorical Presidency II: Modern Practice Chair: Gregory L. Hager, University of Kentucky Papers: “Arming the Prince: The Politics of Presidential Rhetoric.” Michael Ault, University of North Texas “President Clinton and the Failure of Health Care Legislation: The Limits of Going Public.” Matthew Corrigan, University of North Florida “Presidential Rock Soup: Going Public With Poor Approval Ratings.” Melissa R. Michelson, University of Illinois, Chicago “Going Public Revisited: Explaining Presidential Speechmaking and Travel.” Richard J. Powell, Northwestern University Disc: Gregory L. Hager, University of Kentucky

Panel 16-6 DEARBORN 3 Distributive Politics in State and Federal Legislatures Chair: Brad Lockerbie, University of Georgia Papers: “Distributive Politics and Congressional Composition.” Scott E. Adler, John Lapinski, Columbia University “Long-term Institutional Determinants of Allocation of Federal Grants to States.” Mikhail Filippov, California Institute of Technology “The Effects of Senate Apportionment on Distributive Politics and Policy.” Frances Sandstrum, Vanderbilt University Disc: Robert Stein, Rice University

Panel 17-7 MONTROSE 7 Supreme Court Recruitment and Decision-making: Individual Level of Analysis Chair: P. S. Ruckman, Jr. Papers: “Presidential Success in Supreme Court Appointments.” Jeffrey Segal, Christopher Hutz, SUNY, Stony Brook “Presidential Ideological Expectations v. Supreme Court Voting Records, 1916-1994.” Joseph Devore, Louisiana State University “Emerging 'Liberal' Jurisprudence of Justice David Souter.” John Fliter, Kansas State University “The Jurisprudence of David Souter.” John A. Maltese, University of Georgia Disc: Elliot E. Slotnick, Ohio State University

Panel 19-6 BURNHAM 5 Roundtable on Comparative Urban Politics Chair: David Myers, Penn State University Part: Henry Dietz, University of Texas Richard Hula, Michigan State University Hank Savitch, University of Louisville Rolf H. W. Theen , Purdue University Thomas Beech, Penn State University

Panel 20-13 SANDBURG 7 Institutional Choices and Constraints in Public Policymaking (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Public Administration) Chair: Jerrell D. Coggburn, University of South Carolina Papers: “Politics of Capital Market Intervention: The Federal Government Mortgage Pools.” Kevin Corder, Western 100

Michigan University “Institutional Choice and Service Delivery: The Means and the End.” Brenda Bushouse, Indiana University “Smoking and the States: The Politics of Tobacco.” Michael J. Licari, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: Beth L. Leech, Texas A&M University

Panel 20-14 SANDBURG 8 Modeling Public Policy Choices Chair: Saunda K. Schneider, University of South Carolina Papers: “Really Thinking About Crime: Spurious Relationships and Spurious Thinking.” Kenneth J. Meier, Lael Keiser, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee “Welfare Policy in the American States.” William Berry, Richard Fording, Florida State University and Russell Hanson, Indiana University “Variation in State Level Homicide Rates: Can Crime Policy Pay?” Kevin B. Smith, University of Nebraska, Lincoln Disc: Saundra K. Schneider, University of South Carolina

Panel 21-7 SANDBURG 2 Service Delivery Chair: Paul J. Quirk, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Papers: “Public Agencies Operating in a Private World: A Study of the Strategies and Structures of the United States' Resolution Trust Corporation and the Federal Republic of Germany's Treuhandanstalt” Mark Cassell, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Friday, April 19, 1:30-3:15 pm “Ideology and Privatization Policy in Israel: Comparing Two Decades.” Michael Harris, Eastern Michigan University, Yitzhak Katz, Gideon Doron, Tel Aviv University Disc: Leda McIntyre Hall, Indiana University

Panel 22-T3 SANDBURG 5 Private Matrices of Virtue in Classical Political Philosophy Chair: Jack Riley, Coastal Carolina University Papers: “Music and Politics: Aristotle on the Character-Forming Role of Education.” Carson Holloway, Northern Illinois University “Friendship and Its Discontents: Aristotle on the Limits of Community.” Thomas K. Lindsay, University of Northern Iowa “Xenophon's Cyropaedia as an Education in Leadership.” Robert Phillips, Northern Illinois University Disc: Jack Riley, Coastal Carolina University John Stack, Northern Illinois University

Panel 22-W3 BURNHAM 2 Roundtable to Honor Susan Welch Chair: Sue Thomas, Georgetown University Part: Margery Ambrosius, Kansas State University Michael Combs, University of Nebraska, Lincoln Janet Clark, West Georgia College John R. Hibbing, University of Nebraska, Lincoln Donley T. Studlar, West Virginia University

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Friday, April 19, 3:30-5:15 pm

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITCAL SCIENCE EDITORIAL BOARD MEETING CRESTHILL ROOM

Editor: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee

Panel 1-9 German Politics SANDBURG 6 Chair: Russell Dalton, University of California, Irvine Papers: “Ideology Performance and Democratic Stability.” Robert Rohrschneider, Indiana University “Candidate Selection in Germany: Evidence from the 1994 Federal Election.” Steven Porter, Georgetown University “The CDU-Greens Dialogue and the Conservative Face of Green Politics.” Jonathan Olsen, University of Maryland Disc: Andreas Sobisch, John Carroll University

Panel 1-12 SANDBURG 5 Elections in Comparative Perspective Chair: Marianne C. Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas Papers: “Voting Turnout in Comparative Perspective.” Andrew Baker, University of Wisconsin, Madison “The Laws of Political Representation.” Burt Monroe, Indiana University “The Political Consequences of Social Contexts: The Politics of Suffrage in Western Europe.” Barbara Sgouraki-Kinsey, Washington University in St. Louis “The Causes and Consequences of Barometer Elections.” Chris Anderson, Dan Ward, Rice University, Andrew Appleton, Washington State University Disc: Marianne C. Stewart, University of Texas, Dallas

Panel 3-8 DEARBORN 2 Roundtable: Confronting the Rebel's Dilemma Chair: Ron Francisco, University of Kansas Part: Mark Lichbach, University of Colorado, Boulder Will Moore, University of California, Riverside Russell Hardin, New York University Eduard Ziegenhagen, Binghamton University Dennis Chong, Northwestern University

Panel 3-10 PDR 16 Authoritarian Legacies and the Troubled Path to Democracy Chair: Ursula Tafe, The Catholic University of America Papers: “Authoritarian Institutions and the Prospects for Democracy.” Tom Currah, University of Houston “Regime-State Relations and the Transition from Authoritarianism: The Case of Romania.” Richard Andrew Hall, Indiana University

Friday, April 19, 3:30-5:15 pm “Political Socialization Under Authoritarian Rule: An Analysis of Greece, 1917-1989.” Marika Litras, University of Houston Disc: Ursula Tafe, The Catholic University of America

Panel 4-9 MONTROSE 2 U.S. Defense Policy in the Post-Cold War Era Chair: John Sislin, Pennsylvania State University Papers: “Beyond Key West: The Politics of the Roles and Missions of the US Armed Forces for the Post-Cold War Era.” James H. Joyner, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga “Post-Soviet Russia and Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Continuity and Change.” Michael Valerius, Northern Illinois University “Military Doctrine, Force Structure, and Post-Cold War Foreign Policy in the US and Russian Federation.” Ivan M. Toft, University of Chicago Disc: John Sislin, Pennsylvania State University

Panel 6-8 MONTROSE 3 The Politics of Identity Chair: Pamela Johnston Conover, University of North Carolina Papers: “Social Identity, Group Economic Conditions, and Vote Choice.” Joseph TenBarge, Philip Paolino, University of Texas, Austin “Group Identification, Group Consciousness and Political Participation: Contrasts Among African-Americans, Asian- Americans and Mexican-Americans.” Jan E. Leighley, Texas A&M University “Following the Union Endorsement: Group Identification and the Voting Behavior of Union Members.” Herbert Asher, Eric S. Heberlig, Randall B. Ripley, Karen C. Snyder, Ohio State University “The Politics of Identity in Transitions to Democracy.” Arthur H. Miller and Thomas F. Klobucar, University of Iowa Disc: Pamela Johnston Conover, University of North Carolina

Panel 6-11 BURNHAM 1 Public Support for Political Institutions Chair: Martin Gruberg, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Papers: “Public Opinion and the U.S. Congress.” Bob Durr, Washington University “Tracking Public Opinion about the Supreme Court: A Longitudinal Model.” Stephen Caliendo, Purdue University “Why Americans Don't Hate Local Politics: The Determinants of Support for State and Local Government.” Jeremy Zilber, Ohio State University Disc: John R. Hibbing, University of Nebraska Richard J. Timpone , SUNY-Stony Brook

Panel 7-15 CLARK 5 Voting Systems, Ballot Forms, and Vote Choice Chair: Robert K. Goidel , Indiana State University Papers: “Towards an Information-Neutral Voting Scheme That Does Not Leave Too Much to Chance.” Lorrie Faith Cranor, Ron K. Cytron, Washington University

104

“The Context of Democratic Choice: Political Attitudes, Electoral Competitiveness, and Support for Term Limits in California.” Andrew Skalaban, University of California, Davis “The Australian Ballot and Electoral Cohesion: Re-assessing the Impact of Progressive-Era Ballot Reform on Party Voting.” Lisa Reynolds, Arizona State University Disc: Robert K. Goidel , Indiana State University

Panel 8-9 BURNHAM 4 Political Advertising and Debates Chair: Montague Kern, Rutgers University Papers: “Where Does the Money Go? Campaign Spending and Advertising.” Andrea Ryman, Geoff Peterson, University of Iowa “What's so Funny? Examining Humor in Political Advertising.” Richard Marshall, University of Illinois “Conventions and Debates: Is Any Political Knowledge Learned Amidst the Hoopla and Histrionics?” Edward Horowitz, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron

Panel 9-5 SANDBURG 3 Gender and Political Participation Chair: Sue Tolleson Rinehart, Texas Tech University Papers: “The Public Consequences of Private Inequality: Family Life and Citizen Participation.” Nancy Burns, University of Michigan, Kay Lehman Schlozman, Boston College, Sidney Verba, Harvard University “Women and Church: The Institutional Determinants of Women's Political Participation.” Anna Greenberg, University of Chicago “Family Life, Resources and Political Participation: The Case of Single Mothers.” Eric Plutzer, Penn State University “Political Proselytizing and the Social Construction of Gender.” Susan B. Hansen, University of Pittsburgh Disc: Sue Tolleson Rinehart, Texas Tech University

Panel 10-8 SANDBURG 4 Affirmative Action & Racial Group Conflict Chair: Richard Shingles, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Papers: “The Effects of Affirmative Action in Higher Education in Illinois.” Tiffany Fields, Illinois State University “Explaining Black Support for Affirmative Action.” Maurice Mangum, Louisiana State University “The Search for Group Identity in Affirmative Action.” Michael Fine, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire “Public Debate and the Justification for Affirmative Action: Discrimination, Compensation or Diversity, and the Reasons Each Has Used.” Andrew Rehfeld, University of Chicago Disc: Richard Shingles, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Friday, April 19, 3:30-5:15 pm Panel 11-5 LASALLE 1 Rethinking the Liberal Self: Freedom, Character & Community Chair: Timothy Fuller, Colorado College Papers: “Conscience and Character in Adam Smith's The Theory of Moral Sentiments.” Eduardo Velasques, Washington and Lee University “Oakeshott on the Will, Individualism and Liberal Society.” Corey Abel, University of Colorado “The Critique of Free Will and the Rethinking of Freedom.” Carol Fiedler, University of Chicago “Jefferson on the Moral Sense, Virtue and the American Character.” Jean Yarborough, Bowdoin College Disc: Fred Baumann, Kenyon College

Panel 12-6 LASALLE 2 Legislators, Voters, and Interest Groups Chair: Gary Segura, University of California, Davis Papers: “A Game Theoretic Analysis of the Impact of Information Costs and Constituency Preferences on Legislative Responsiveness.” Andrew D. Martin, Washington University “A Theory of Representation and Majority-Minority Districting.” David Epstein, Harvard University, Sharyn O'Halloran, Columbia University “Decision Strategies of Interest Groups in a Pluralist Democracy.” Michael Nickelsburg, Mark Lubell, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Dean Lacy, Ohio State University David Austen-Smith, University of Rochester

Panel 13-11 LASALLE 3 Time Series Analysis Chair: Janet Box-Steffensmeier, Ohio State University Papers: “Working With Near-Integrated Data.” Suzanna De Boef, Pennsylvania State University, James Granato, Michigan State University “Integration and Political Science Data.” R. Michael Alvarez, Jonathan Katz, California Institute of Technology “Unit Roots and Causal Inference.” John Freeman, Daniel Houser, Paul Kellstedt, University of Minnesota, John Allen Williams, University of Indiana. “Testing for Dependence in the Input to a Linear Time Series Model.” Mel Hinich, University of Texas Disc: Janet Box-Steffensmeier, Ohio State University Doug Rivers, Stanford University

Panel 14-8 LASALLE 5 Political Parties and Groups Chair: Sean J. Savage, Saint Mary's College Papers: “Interest Group Participation, Party Support, and Public Trust.” Scott D. McClurg, Indiana University “The Party System as an Opportunity Structure for Group Involvement in Political Party Organizations.” Steven Yonish, University of Wisconsin, Madison

106

“The Impact of Party Platforms and Public Opinion on National Policy Decisions in the 1980's.” Alan D. Monroe, Illinois State University “If Elected I Promise ...” James Gimple , Paul Herrnson and William Benfanti University of Maryland, College Park Disc: Barbara Trish, Grinnell College

Panel 15-7 MONTROSE 1 The President and Congress: Formal Modeling of Policy Interaction (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Formal Modeling) Chair: Bryan D. Jones, Texas A&M University Papers: “Identifying the Modes of Policy Stability and Policy Change in a Separation-of-Powers System: Perspectives from a Formal Model of Multi-Institutional Policymaking.” Thomas H. Hammond, Christopher Butler, Michigan State University “Evaluating Presidential Influence in Congress: The New Institutional Approach.” Kimberly Maslin-Wicks, Binghamton University “Bargaining Over Federal Appropriations: A First Look.” Charles Tien, University of Iowa Disc: Bryan D. Jones, Texas A&M University Nolan McCarty, University of Southern California

Panel 16-8 DEARBORN 3 Constituency Representation Chair: John Haskell, Drake University Papers: “Representation Over the Long Haul: Representing a District Through the Congressional Career.” Jeffrey L. Bernstein, University of Michigan “Policy Misrepresentation: Issue Incongruency Through Citizen Eyes.” Francis K. Neely, University of Arizona “A Theory of U.S. Senate Representation.” John D. Nugent, University of Texas, Austin “Linking Elections and Representation: An Analysis of Campaign Messages in the 1994 Congressional Elections.” Greg Flemming, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Wendy Schiller, Brown University Donald Ostdiek, Rice University

Panel 17-8 MONTROSE 7 New Approaches to Gender and the Courts Chair: Joyce Baugh, Central Michigan University Papers: “The Power of the Pen: The Supreme Court and the Gendering of Language.” Elizabeth Mazzara, Washington State University “An Ethic of Care and the Wisconsin Courts: A Feminist Reading of State Court Sex Discrimination Jurisprudence.” Francis Carleton, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay Disc: Jilda M. Alliotta, University of Hartford

Friday, April 19, 3:30-5:15 pm Panel 17-15 PDR 18 Integrative Models of Supreme Court Decision-making Chair: Paul J. Wahlbeck, George Washington University Papers: “Law and Ideology: A Game Theoretical Examination of Appellate Control of Federal District Courts.” Blake Nelson, University of Minnesota “Bargaining, Strategy, and Supreme Court Decisions.” Timothy R. Johnson, Washington University, St. Louis “The Continuing Struggle for Judicial Supremacy: Franklin Roosevelt and the Court Packing Plan.” Scott A. Comparato, Washington University “Does The Judiciary Dominate The Bureaucracy? A Formal Model And Statistical Test Of Bureaucratic Compliance.” Richard Chard, SUNY at Stony Brook Disc: James F. Spriggs II, University of California-Davis

Panel 18-9 CLARK 7 Making Health Policy at the State Level Chair: Charles Barrilleaux, Florida State University Papers: “The Impact of State Politics and Economics on the Relative Size of the Medically Uninsured Population.” Patricia Teaford , California State University at Long Beach “AIDS Education: Funding at the State Level.” Margaret Ann Curran, Rob R. Schebel and Andrew McCarter , Northern Illinois University Disc: James C. Garand, Louisiana State University

Panel 19-7 BURNHAM 5 Economic Development Chair: Michael Mintrom, Michigan State University Papers: “A Case Study in County-Based Rural Development.” Randall Gibson, Illinois State University “Casino Gaming in Mississippi: Revenue and Spending Implications.” Ed Clynch, Mississippi State “Urban Development and Local Autonomy: An Empirical Assessment.” Max Neiman, University of California, Riverside Disc: Keeok Park, University of Virginia

Panel 20-16 SANDBURG 8 The Impact of Institutionalism on the Policy Process Chair: George A. Krause, University of South Carolina Papers: “The Market Model in Education: Comparing the Evidence and Implications of Consumer Choice.” Mark Schneider, Paul Teske, Melissa Marschall, Christine Roch, State University of New York, Stony Brook “Implementing Federal Policy Instruments: A Study of State Level Utilization of Low Income Housing Tax Credits and Home Block Grants.” Thomas Sinclair, Indiana University “Federal Regulation of New Agricultural/Environmental Biotechnology: The Influence of Risk Perceptions.” Patrick A. Stewart, Northern Illinois University

108

“Democratic Control and the Determinants of Agency Discretion.” Matthew Potoski and David B. Holian , Indiana University Disc: George A. Krause, University of South Carolina

Panel 21-8 SANDBURG 2 Environment and Regulation Chair: Barry Rabe, University of Michigan Papers: “Struggling with Red Tape: Trying to Improve the Regulatory Bang for the Regulatory Buck.” Edward Weber, Vanderbilt University “What Matters Most: Revealed Bureaucratic Preferences and Cleanup Priorities.” Andy Whitford, Washington University, Eric Helland, Ball State University Disc: Barry Rabe, University of Michigan

Panel 22-W5 BURNHAM 2 Rountable: Assessing Affirmative Action in 1996 Chair: Liane C. Kosaki , University of Wisconsin, Madison Part: Karen McCurdy, Georgia Southern University Susan Gluck Mezey, Loyola University Chicago Dianne Pinderhughes, University of Illinois Toni-Michelle Travis, George Mason University

Friday, April 19, 5:30-6:30 pm

MPSA ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING RED LACQUER ROOM

President: James Stimson, University of Minnesota

PRESENTATION OF BEST PAPER AWARDS

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

NEW BUSINESS

Friday, April 19, 6:00-7:30 pm

MPSA PRESIDENT’S RECEPTION RED LACQUER ROOM

Friday, April 19, 3:30-5:15 pm Saturday, April 20, 8:30-10:15 am

Panel 1-3 SANDBURG 6 Public Policies and Governance Chair: Mike Caldwell, University of Illinois Papers: “Parties, Publics, and Politics: A Comparative Perspective.” Curtis Frazier and Dan Twiggs, University of Houston “The Judicialization of Representation: A Cross-National, Cross-Institutional Study of Institutional Change.” John Blakeman and Charles A. Kromkowski, University of Virginia Disc: Mike Caldwell, University of Illinois

Panel 3-7 DEARBORN 2 Roundtable: Measuring Democracy: How Can We Know it When We See It? Problems and Issues Chair: Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa Part: Ross E. Burkhart, University of Iowa Robert Jackman, University of California, Davis Mitchell Seligson, University of Pittsburgh Kenneth Bollen, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Barry Ames, Washington University

Panel 4-1 MONTROSE 2 Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy Chair: Patrick James, Iowa State Univ. Papers: “Fledgling Regimes: Leadership Change, Institutional Change, Domestic Instability, and Interstate Conflict.” Andrew Enterline, State University of New York, Binghamton “Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy: Great Britain, France and the US in the Post-World War II Era.” Athanasios Hristoulas, McGill University “The Cold War Presidency and the Soviet Union: Understanding the Politics of Inertia.” Wayne Steger, Marquette University Disc: Eric Gatrzke , University of Iowa

Panel 5-2 MONTROSE 3 Bargaining, Two-level Games, and Strategic Interactions (Co-Sponsored with the Section on International Relations) Chair: David Lazar, University of Michigan Papers: “Threat, Counter-Threat and the Logic of Two-Level Games.” Jeffrey Berejikian, University of Tennessee “Private-Public Strategic Interactions in Currency Markets.” Ron Kruse, Washington University, St. Louis “Debt Management and Two-Level Games: The IMF and Argentina.” Lilian A. Barria, University of Missouri, Columbia Disc: Chris Sprecher, Michigan State University

110

Panel 6-2 BURNHAM 1 Public Opinion and the Determinants of Support for Environmental Protection Chair: Richard Sobel , Princeton University Papers: “Fatalism, Religiosity, Partisan Preferences, Post-Materialism, the New Environmental Paradigm, and Behavior: Sorting out Sources and Consequences of Environmental Attitudes.” Robert E. O'Connor, Pennsylvania State University “Midwest Public Opinion and the Environment.” David Hogberg “Exploring the Environmental Attitudes of the Elite.” Jun Lin and Dennis Gleiber, University of New Orleans Disc: Richard Sobel , Princeton University

Panel 7-2 CLARK 5 Resources, Values, and Political Participation Chair: Jan E. Leighley, Texas A & M University Papers: “Resources, Benefits, and Electoral Participation.” Paul R. Abramson, Michigan State University, William Claggett, Florida State University “Expressive Motivation and Electoral Mass Participation.” Alexander A. Schuessler, New York University “Social Capital and Modes of Participation.” Eric M. Uslaner, University of Maryland “Civil Society and Political Participation in Estonia and the United States: A Comparative Test of the Civic Voluntarism Model.” Henry E. Brady, University of California, Berkeley, Cynthia S. Kaplan, University of California, Santa Barbara Disc: Jan E. Leighley, Texas A & M University

Panel 7-3 CLARK 10 Sophistication and Ideology Chair: William G. Jacoby , University of South Carolina Papers: “Who are the Zealots? Explaining Ideological Activism in the American Electorate.” Steven E. Schier, Carleton College “Voter Rationality and Party Systems in America and Britain.” John Curtice, University of Strathclyde, Edward Carmines, Indiana University, Anthony Heath “Political Sophistication and the Evaluation of Congressional Candidates.” Valerie A. Sulfaro, James Madison University Disc: Kathleen Knight, University of Houston

Panel 8-1 BURNHAM 2 Roundtable: Media Coverage of the 1996 Campaign Chair: Matthew Kerbel, Villanova University Part: Matthew Kerbel, Villanova University Marion Just, Wellesley College Timothy Cook, Williams College Robert Lichter, Center for Media and Public Affairs

Saturday, April 20, 8:30-10:15 am Panel 8-2 BURNHAM 4 Talk Radio Chair: Dean Alger, Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Michigan Papers: “The Impact of Talk Radio on its Audience.” Michael Traugott, University of Michigan “Talk Radio and the Political Attitudes of its Audience.” David Jones, Purdue University “Political Talk Radio and Political Behavior.” Richard Hofstetter, San Diego State University Disc: Marc J. Hetherington

Panel 9-3 SANDBURG 3 Gender and Elections Chair: Robert Darcy, Oklahoma State University Papers: “Gender Differences in Vote-Choice Determinants in the 1992 Presidential Election.” Carole Chaney and Jonathan Nagler, University of California, Riverside “The Electoral Glass Ceiling: How News Affects the Viability of Female Candidates.” Martha E. Kropf , John A. Boiney, The American University “Here Come the Judges: An Analysis of State-Based Influences on the Selection of Women as Judges.” Elaine Martin, Eastern Michigan University “Young Voters and Their Perception of Female Candidates.” Stacy McMillen and Tyler Wunschel Wayne State College Disc: Robert Darcy, Oklahoma State University

Panel 10-2 SANDBURG 4 The Politics of Cultural & Ethnic Identity Chair: Richard M. Merelman, University of Wisconsin, Madison Papers: “Engendering Citizenship: Race, Class & Nation-Building in Texas.” Clare Sheridan, University of Texas, Austin “Latino State Legislators & their ‘Presentation of Self.’” Anna Sampaio, University of California, Riverside “From Progressives to Patriots: Immigrants in Chicago’s Public Schools, 1910-1920.” Eric MacGilvray, University of Chicago Disc: Richard M. Merelman, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 11-3 LASALLE 1 Liberal Predicaments - Past to Future Chair: Suzanne Jacobitti, Southern Illinois University Papers: “Part and Parcel: Religion and Public Morality in the Infancy of Liberalism.” Erik McKee, University of Michigan “Liberalism and the Challenge of Future Generations.” Susan Liebell, University of Chicago “Privacy, Equality, and the Right to Abortion.” Annabelle Lever, University of Rochester “Rawls and Religious Authoritarianism.” Robert Thigpen and Lyle Downing, University of New Orleans Disc: Suzanne Jacobitti, Southern Illinois University

Panel 12-2 LASALLE 2 Politics and Economic Policy Chair: Jonathan Katz, California Institute of Technology Papers: “The Dynamics of Fiscal Adjustment in Partisan Contexts.” James E. Alt, Harvard University, Robert C. Lowry, Michigan State University “Macroeconomic Policy When Election Timing is Certain But Outcomes Are Not.” Robert Grafstein, University of Georgia “Policy Credibility, Politics, and Rational Expectations: A Formal Test in the Presence of Information Heterogeneity.” James Granato, Michigan State University, George A. Krause, University of South Carolina Disc: Jeff Milyo, Tufts University Jonathan Katz, California Institute of Technology

Panel 13-6 LASALLE 3 Models of Complex Phenomenon Chair: Brian Roberts, University of Texas, Austin Papers: “State Regulatory Adoption As a Network Diffusion Process: A Re-Analysis of Stigler's (1971)Trucking Data.” Daniel P. Carpenter, Princeton University “Neural Network Models and Political Data Analysis.” Langche Zeng, George Washington University “General Additive Models.” Nathaniel Beck, University of California, San Diego, Simon Jackman, University of Chicago. Disc: Jasjeet S. Sekhon, Cornell University Brian Roberts, University of Texas, Austin

Panel 14-7 LASALLE 5 The Changing American Party System Chair: William Binning, Youngstown State University Papers: “Intra-Party Realignment and Amateur Politicians.” Joseph W. Doherty, University of California, Los Angeles 112

“Party Elites in Transition: A Longitudinal Analysis.” Nancy Clayton, Southern Illinois University “Why has Party Conflict among Elites Increased if the Electorate is Dealigning?” Jon Bond, Texas A&M University, Richard Fleisher, Fordham University “The Growing Revolt Against the Two Party System.” David B. Reynolds, Eastern Michigan University Disc: Michael Maggiotto, Bowling Green State University

Panel 15-3 MONTROSE 1 Presidential Leadership: Using the White House Chair: Karen M. Hult, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Papers: “Bush’s Chiefs of Staff: Sununu and Skinner in the White House.” David B. Cohen, University of South Carolina “Growth in Presidential Staff: An Institutional Analysis.” Michael Harris, Eastern Michigan University, Rhonda S. Kinney, Eastern Michigan University “The White House Communications Adviser: Presidential Fire-Walker.” Martha J. Kumar, Towson State University “Politics, Policy and Role Differentiation in the Office of Public Liaison: The Case of the White House Conferences on Domestic and Economic Affairs.” Jeremy Wood, University of California at Los Angeles Disc: Karen M. Hult, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Panel 16-2 DEARBORN 3 Legislative Behavior Chair: Kerry Haynie, University of Pennsylvania Papers: “Legislative Learning: State Delegations as Agents in the Socialization of First-term Members of Congress.” Brad T. Gomez, University of New Orleans “The Impact of Legislative Turnover on Partisanship in the U.S. House of Representatives.” Brinck Kerr, University of Arkansas, Patricia A. Hurley Texas A&M University “Freshman Class: Norms and Attitudes of the New Representatives.” James R. Simmons, University of Wisconsin, Osh Kosh Disc: Kerry Haynie, University of Pennsylvania Jon Euchner, Missouri Western State College

Panel 16-16 PDR 17 Roundtable on Institutional Change in the U.S. Congress Chair: Susan Hammond, American University Part: John Aldrich, Duke University Lawrence Dodd, University of Florida Charles Stewart III, Massachusetts Institute of Technology James Thurber, American University Garrison Nelson, University of Vermont

Panel 17-5 MONTROSE 7 Multiple Perspectives on Supreme Court Decisionmaking Chair: Harold Spaeth, Michigan State University Papers: “How Strategic Are Judges?” Lawrence Baum, Ohio State University “Issue Fluidity on the Burger Court.” Barbara Palmer, University of Minnesota “Supreme Court Decision Making: the Unanimously Ignored Issue of Unanimity and the Attitudinal Model.” J. Mitchell Pickerill, University of Wisconsin-Madison “The Strategy of Judging: An Empirical Analysis of Judicial Instruments.” Joseph Smith, Emerson H. Tiller, University of Texas, Austin Disc: Lee Epstein, Washington University--St. Louis

Panel 17-17 PDR 18 Beyond the Courts: Alternative Dispute Resolution Devices Chair: Mark Kemper, Miami University Papers: “Alternative Dispute Resolution in Common Interest Housing Developments.” Evan McKenzie, The University of Illinois at Chicago “Gender and Arbitration Outcomes: The Implications for Procedural Fairness of Alternative Dispute Resolution Devices.” Michele Hoyman, Sandy M. Crews, University of Missouri St. Louis Disc: Mark Kemper, Miami University

Panel 18-7 CLARK 7 Roundtable: The State of Scholarship on State Economic Policies Chair: Susan B. Hansen, University of Pittsburgh Parts: Peter Eisinger, University of Wisconsin, Madison Ernest J. Yanarella , University of Kentucky Saturday, April 20, 8:30-10:15 am Paul Brace , Florida State University Margery Ambrosius, Kansas State University

Panel 19-2 BURNHAM 5 Political Structure and Local Outcomes Chair: Dianne Rahm, Iowa State University Papers: “The Fiscal Consequences of the Executive Line-Item Veto in American Cities.” Tari Renner, Illinois Wesleyan University, Victor S. DeSantis, Bridgewater State College “Minority Representation on Southern School Boards: Do Electoral Structures Make A Difference.” Rory Austin, University of Rochester “Revenue, Structure and the Grassroots: A Study of the Effects of State Fiscal Constraints on Local Government.” Francis Stokes Berry, Barbara Coyle McCabe, Florida State University Disc: Norman R. Luttbeg , Texas A&M University

Panel 20-4 SANDBURG 7 State Level Regulatory Activity Chair: B. Dan Wood, Texas A&M University Papers: “Political Institutions and Regulatory Change: The Case of State Trucking Regulations.” Michael Mintrom, Michigan State University, Paul Teske, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Sam Best, University of Notre Dame “Correlations of Win-Win Outcomes in Utility Regulation: Commission Characteristics Which Benefit Electric Utilities and Consumers.” Lucinda K. McKinney, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale “Solvency Regulation of the Insurance Industry: The Influence of State Legislatures, Bureaucracy, and the Industry.” Anirudh Virender Singh Ruhil, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Anthony J. Stanislawski, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 20-5 SANDBURG 8 Policy Design and Redesign: The Role of Policy Subsystems Chair: Stefanie Lindquist, University of South Carolina Papers: “Redesigning Public Policies.” Malcolm Goggin, University of Houston “Legacies of Change: The Effects of Policy Change on the Dynamics of the Wetlands Policy Subsystem.” Carol E. Hays, Southern Illinois University “Shake, Rattle, and Role: Subsystem Politics and Policy Variation.” Jeff Worsham, Maryellen Lilly, West Virginia University Disc: Stefanie Lindquist, University of South Carolina

114

Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm

MPSA NEW COUNCIL MEETING CRESTHILL ROOM

President: Arlene Saxonhouse, University of Michigan

Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am - 12:15 pm

Panel 1-10 SANDBURG 6 Centralization of Government Chair: Andrew Appleton, Washington State University Papers: “French Regional Development and Autonomy.” Jody Neathery, Rice University “Internationalization, Radical Democracy and the Local: Democratic Local Governance Reconsidered.” Christian Hunold, University of Pittsburgh “The Concentration of Authority by Democratic Institutions.” Mike Caldwell, University of Illinois Disc: Andrew Appleton, Washington State University

Panel 2-8 DEARBORN 1 Democratizing South Korea Chair: Doh C. Shin, University of Illinois, Springfield Papers: “Politics of Democratization in S. Korea (1980-1994): The Political Opportunity Structure.” Seongyi Yun, Ohio State University “The Role of Organization in Social Movement: A Korean Case Study.” Dukhong Kim, Virginia Polytech Institute “Assessing the Impact of Kim Young Sam’s Political Reforms on Korean Democratization.” Kwang-Woong Kim, Northwestern University, Doh C. Shin, University of Illinois, Springfield “Waves and Undercurrents in Contemporary Korean Political Culture.” Geir Helgesen, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Disc: Aie-Rie Lee, Texas Tech University Vicki Hesli, University of Iowa

Panel 3-7 (Panel continued from 8:30 am - 10:15 am) DEARBORN 2 Roundtable: Measuring Democracy: How Can We Know it When We See It? Suggestions and Prospects Chair: Michael Lewis-Beck, University of Iowa Part: Ross E. Burkhart, University of Iowa Robert Jackman, University of California, Davis Mitchell Seligson, University of Pittsburgh Kenneth Bollen, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Barry Ames, Washington University

Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am -12:15 pm Panel 3-11 PDR 16 “Oh, No You Don't”: Repressing the Transition to Democracy Chair: Christian Davenport, University of Houston Papers: “Domestic Threats and Human Rights Abuses: Global Cross-National Analyses.” Steven Poe, C. Neal Tate, Linda Keith and Drew Lanier, University of North Texas “An Exploration of the Relationship Between Ethnicity and Political Repression.” Conway Henderson, University of South Carolina, Spartanburg “Settling the Score: Elections and Human Rights.” David L. Richards, Binghamton University “Repression and Electoral Proximity.” Christian Davenport, University of Houston Disc: John King, University of New Hampshire

Panel 4-5 MONTROSE 2 Issues for U.S. Foreign Policy Chair: Barry M. Sweet, University of West Virginia Papers: “The Demise of Hegemony: Prescriptions for U.S. Foreign Policy in the Era of Complex Interdependence.” Michael Spring, Illinois State University “Democratic Peace Theory: A Guiding Force in U.S. Foreign Policy.” Gay E. Gauder, University of Cincinnati “The Presidential Use of Force and the Levels of Analysis: Dose Personality Matter?” Barry M. Sweet, University of West Virginia Disc: R. Michael Smith, Glenville State College

Panel 6-12 MONTROSE 3 Contextual Sources of Political Influence: Dyads, Networks, and Locale Chair: James Glaser, Tufts University Papers: “Structures and Contexts of Political Discussion: Who Talks with Whom Under What Circumstances.” Robert Huckfeldt, Indiana University, Franz Urban Pappi, University of Mannheim “Class, Ethnicity, and Participation in Context: The Interplay of Social and Political Factors in Hawaii.” Gary G. Aguiar, University of Hawaii, Hilo “The President as Context: Executive Control of the Bureaucracy.” David Lazar, University of Michigan “Racial Attitudes and Minority Population Context: The Effects of Changing Racial Composition on White Intolerance.” Michael Guge, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: James Glaser, Tufts University

Panel 6-16 BURNHAM 1 Reconsidering The Origins of Partisan Identifications Chair: Stephen Earl Bennett, University of Cincinnati Papers: “Citizen Perceptions, Groups, and Partisan Evaluations.” Susan M. Johnson, Northern Illinois University “The Perception of Party Differences on the Issues.” Jeffrey M. Jones, State University of New York, Stony Brook

116

“Partisan Stereotypes and Partisanship Stability: The Changing Construction of Partisan Identity.” Jim Josefson, Syracuse University Disc: Stephen Earl Bennett, University of Cincinnati

Panel 7-18 CLARK 10 Issues, Partisanship, and Voting Behavior Chair: Norman Luttbeg, Texas A & M University Papers: “Issue Voting: Fact or Fiction?” Joel Bloom, University of Michigan “Issue Voting and Partisan Defection in the 1992 Presidential Election: Attitudes on Sexual Harassment and the Clarence Thomas Confirmation Hearings.” Scott H. Huffmon, John E. White, Jr., University of Mississippi “Issue Preferences, Performance Assessments, and Democratic Defection in Recent Presidential Elections.” Julio Borquez, University of Michigan, Dearborn “Independents and the Potential for Electoral Volatility and Realignment.” Douglas D. Roscoe, Loyola University of Chicago Disc: Norman R. Luttbeg, Texas A & M University

Panel 9-10 SANDBURG 3 Women and Social Movements in the Third World (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Developing Countries) Chair: Rose Spalding, DePaul University Papers: “Women, NGOs, and the Costa Rican Informal Sector.” Amber Seligson, Columbia University “The Rise of Indigenous Human Rights Groups in Post-Transition Guatemala.” Carol Stuart, University of Notre Dame “Creating Traditional Women: An Analysis of Constructions of Gender in Post-Colonial Tanzania.” Kathleen Mulligan- Hansel, University of Wisconsin, Madison “Carpe Marianismo: Women's Movements and the Politics of Democratization in Chile.” Elizabeth Daly, Craig Warkentin, University of Kentucky “Inside Politics as Outsiders: The Status of Women in a Democratic Chile.” Lisa Baldez Carey, University of California, San Diego Disc: Rose Spalding, DePaul University

Panel 10-9 SANDBURG 4 The Civil Rights Movement and Resource Distribution Chair: Thomas L. Longoria, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “The Politics of State Funding in Texas.” Sharon Navarro, University of Wisconsin, Madison “Social Forces: Civil Rights Leadership in the Struggle for Jobs.” Judith Russell, Barnard College, Columbia University Disc: Thomas L. Longoria, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 11-11 LASALLE 1 Forbidden Discourse: Talking Politics in America Chair: Eloise Buker, Denison University Papers: “Oakeshott, Conversation & Skeptical Politics.” Steven Gerencser, University of Minnesota “Finding Ways to Talk About Politics in Public: Beginning With Gadamer.” Eloise Buker, Denison University “Can Tradition Provide a Basis for Moral Discourse?” Edmund Jacobitti, Southern Illinois University “The Day the Dialogue Died: From Plato's Dialogues to Audio Metaphors, Body Politics, and Cyberspace.” Scott Warren, Denison University Disc: Mary Hawkesworth, University of Louisville

Panel 11-12 BURNHAM 2 Platonic Themes Chair: Paul D. Ellenbogen, Colby College Papers: “Plato's Statesman and Laws.” Jacqueline Leigh Pfeffer, Duke University “You Have Nothing to Lose But Your Chains: The Image of Imprisonment in Plato's Republic and The Communist Manifesto.” Leslie Feldman, Hofstra University “Philosophy Against Ecstasy: Socrates' Rivals.” Michael Rinella, State University of New York, Albany “A Tale of Two Cities: Needs, Justice and Dialogical Form in Book II of Plato's Republic.” John Rieger, University of Notre Dame Disc: Paul D. Ellenbogen, Colby College

Panel 12-7 LASALLE 2 Interest Groups Chair: Mark Fey, Princeton University Papers: “A Signaling Model of Outside Lobbying.” Ken Kollman, University of Michigan “Activists as Certification Intermediaries.” Tim Feddersen, Northwestern University, Tom Gilligan, University of Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am -12:15 pm Southern California “The Strategy of Invisibility: Collective Action, Identification, and Political Mobilization.” Scott Sigmund Gartner, Gary M. Segura, University of California, Davis Disc: Arthur Lupia, University of California, San Diego Scott Ainsworth, University of Georgia

Panel 13-9 LASALLE 3 Models of Events Chair: Nathaniel Beck, University of California, San Diego Papers: “Cabinet Formation In Parliamentary Democracies: New Methods for Old Problems.” Lanny Martin, Randolph T. Stevenson, University of Rochester “Aggregation of Binary Into Count and Duration Data: An `ABCD' of Events Process Models.” James E. Alt, Gary King, Curtis S. Signorino, Harvard University “Evaluating Zero-Inflated and Hurdle Poisson Specifications.” Christopher J. Zorn, Ohio State University Disc: Nathaniel Beck, University of California, San Diego Brian Loynd, Duke University

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Panel 14-9 LASALLE 5 Groups and National Policy Making Chair: David K. Ryden, Hope College Papers: “Interest Advocacy and Precarious Pensions.” Loree Bykerk, University of Nebraska, Omaha “Higher Education Lobbying in Washington: Strategies and Tactics.” Constance E. Cook, University of Michigan “Unions, Coalition Politics, and Public Policy: A Case Study of the Citizen Labor Energy Coalition.” Andrew Battista, East Tennessee State University Disc: Kevin W. Hula, Loyola College, Maryland Christian Day , University of New Orleans

Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am -12:15 pm Panel 15-8 MONTROSE 1 The President and Congress: Institutional Confrontation Chair: Morris Ogul, University of Pittsburgh Papers: “Overriding the Presidential Veto: A Key to the Constitution’s Balance of Powers.” Stephen Dawson, University of Tennessee-Knoxville “Rebuking the President: Issue Framing and Congressional Opposition in Presidential Appointments.” Timothy P. Nokken, Brian R. Sala, University of Illinois “Predicting Presidential Vetoes and Congressional Responses.” Charles Cameron, John Lapinski, Charles Riemann, Columbia University “Measuring the Potential Impact of the Item Veto.” Daniel R. Schwarz, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Morris Ogul, University of Pittsburgh

Panel 15-13 PDR 18 ROUNDTABLE: PRESIDENTS, CONGRESS, AND THE POLITICS OF POLICY REFORM Chair: Mark A. Peterson, University of Pittsburgh Part: Bert Rockman, University of Pittsburgh Patricia Conley , Northwestern University David W. Rohde , Michigan State University David King , Harvard University

Panel 16-9 DEARBORN 3 Divided Government Chair: John A. Clark, University of Georgia Papers: “The Legislative Process During Divided Government, 1955-1995.” Andrew Taylor, North Carolina State University “United Government that Mattered: The 103rd Congress.” Greg Thorson, University of Minnesota, Morris “Divided We Govern? A Respecification of the Effect of Divided Government on Congressional Legislative Behavior.” William M. Blair, Phillip Ardoin, Christine Sharp, Louisiana State University “Senatorial Responsiveness to National Preferences Under Divided Government.” Angela Hinton Andersson, Loyola University, Chicago Disc: John Clark, University of Georgia David Mayhew, Stanford University

Panel 16-17 PDR 17 Legislative Control of the Bureaucracy Chair: Cornell Hooton, Emory University Papers: “Administrative Procedures and Political Control of the Bureaucracy.” Steven J. Balla, George Washington University “Political Influence Over Policy Choice in an Independent Commissions: Testing the Efficacy of Direct Controls.” David B. Spence, Duke University “Oversight of Federal Regulatory Agencies by House Committees: 1977-1993.” J. Donald Smith, Florida State University Disc: Joel Kaji , SUNY-Stony Brook

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Panel 17-9 MONTROSE 7 Interpretive Theories, the Constitution and the Supreme Court Chair: Mark A. Graber, University of Maryland at College Park Papers: “The Interpretive Turn in Constitutional Theory.” Dennis J. Goldford, Drake University “Does the Constitution Create Positive Rights?” Thomas Halper, Baruch College “The Rise and Decline of Natural Law in Irish Constitutional Jurisprudence” V. Bradley Lewis, University of Notre Dame “Post-Modern Critiques of Law: Can They Liberate Themselves from Modernism?” Christopher Burke, Lisa Nelson, University of Wisconsin-Madison Disc: Deirdre M. Condit, Virginia Commonwealth University

Panel 18-8 CLARK 7 Education Policy Across Levels of Federalism Chair: Peter J. Bergerson, Southeast Missouri State University Papers: “Changing Intergovernmental Relations: Federalism and Education Policy in the 1980s.” Gail L. Sunderman, University of Chicago “Policy Networks and Innovation Diffusion: The Case of State Education Reforms.” Michael Mintrom, Sandra Vergari, Michigan State University “Quantitative Studies of County Political Culture and Educational Policy Outcomes.” Frederick M. Wirt, University of Illinois, Jay Scribner, University of Texas Disc: Michael Fine, University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire

Panel 19-9 BURNHAM 5 Assessing Effectiveness of Local Government Chair: Irene Rubin, Northern Illinois University Papers: “Organizational Culture and Leadership in Urban Politics: Council and Mayor Election Reform.” Anita Raturi , University of Cincinnati “Improving the Councils Evaluation of the City Manager: Three Alternative Methods.” Craig Wheeland, Villanova University “Do Leadership Attributes Make A Difference in the Survival and Perceived Effectiveness Patterns of City Managers?” Gerald Gabris, Northern Illinois University, James B. Kaatz, Mississippi State University “Air Pollution Control in the United States: The Symbolic Process of Compliance.” Shellagh Carper, University of Missouri, St. Louis Disc: Corliss Lentz, Sam Houston State University

Panel 20-17 SANDBURG 7 Political Institutions and Policy Agendas Chair: Frank R. Baumgartner, Texas A&M University Papers: “Critical Institutional Events and Agenda Setting.” John Bohte, B. Dan Wood, Texas A&M University “A Dynamic Model of Agenda-Building: A Research Design for Public Policy.” Michael A. Smith, University of Missouri

Saturday, April 20, 10:30 am -12:15 pm “Toward a Prescriptive Theory of Policy.” Charles L. Betley, University of Michigan Disc: Ezra Paul , Johns Hopkins University

Panel 20-18 SANDBURG 8 Information and Access in the Policy Process Chair: Jeff Talbert, University of Kentucky Papers: “The Role of State Legislative Staff in Health Policymaking.” Carol S. Weissert, Michigan State University “Knowledge and Public Policy: A Framework for Analysis.” Cheol H. Oh, Arkansas State University, Robert F. Rich, University of Illinois, Urbana “Toward a Less Hostile Cyberspace: A Critical Analysis of the ‘Federal Guidelines for Searching and Seizing Computers’ and the Fourth Amendment.” Charles Lee Mudd, Jr. , Quinnipiac College Disc: Jeff Talbert, University of Kentucky

Panel 22-G1 SANDBURG 5 The Dynamics of Structural Adaptation in Post-Wall Germany Chair: John Bendix, Bryn Mawr College Papers: “Greening, Growing and Governing: A German City After Unification.” Jutta A. Helm, Western Illinois University “Does Borrowing ‘Dull the Edge of Husbandry?’ Institutional Borrowing as Institution Building” Wade Jacoby, Grinnell College “Beyond Privatization: Reconstructing the East German Political Economy.” M. Donald Hancock, Vanderbilt University Disc: Lynn Kamenitsa, Northern Illinois University

Panel 22-N2 SANDBURG 2 Democratic Resistance to the Global Triumph of Capitalism (Organized by the Caucus for a New Political Science) Chair: John C. Berg , Suffolk University Papers: “Structural Adjustment and the Prospects for Democratization in the Third World.” Jackie Viecel , Mankato State University “Structuring Class Relations in the European Union.” Mark Gobeyn , Bradley University “Compassion’s Words Destroyed: Justice and the Political Vocabulary of Markets.” Ted Schrecker , University of Western Ontario Disc: Alice Hashim , University of Louisville

Saturday, April 20, 12:30-1:30 pm

1997 PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEETING CRESTHILL ROOM

Program Co-chairs: Mary Dietz and John Freeman University of Minnesota

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Saturday, April 20, 1:30-3:15 pm

Panel 1-11 European Union SANDBURG 6 Chair: Andreas Sobisch, John Carroll University Papers: “Anticipatory Compliance: A New View of the European Democratic Deficit.” Roger Scully, Ohio State University “Towards an Ever-Closer Union Among the Peoples of Europe: The ECJ and European Integration.” Julie L. Alig, University of Chicago “Challenges and Strategies Towards an Effective Telecommunications Sector in the EU.” Leena Thacker-Kumar, University of Houston, Downtown Disc: Andreas Sobisch, John Carroll University Triantafyllos Flouris , Portland State University

Panel 2-9 DEARBORN 1 Democratization in Africa: 1 Chair: Scott McDonald, Jackson State University Papers: “The Tenuous Road to Democracy in Tanzania: The October 1995 National Elections.” Bruce Heilman, Indiana University “Democracy or Pluralism? Reform Processes in Egypt, Algeria, and Jordan.” Daniel S. Sisken, Indiana University “Privatizing Corruption and Corrupting Privatization: Bureaucratic Regime Politics in Africa.” S. Tjip Walker, Indiana University “Modernization and Traditionalism, Can They Coexist?: A Case Study of the Kingdom of Swaziland.” Vincent Matsebula, Scott McDonald, Jackson State University Disc: Iren Omo-Bare, Millsaps College

Panel 3-9 DEARBORN 2 Domestic Conflict and Democratization Chair: Mark Lichbach, University of Colorado, Boulder Papers: “Why Are Revolutions Stable.” Ron Francisco, University of Kansas “Institutional Determinants of Conflict.” Leesa Boeger, University of Houston “Signaling, Salience, and Symbols: Cases in Democratic Transition.” Madhavi M. McCall and Beth Wilner, Washington University Disc: Mark Lichbach, University of Colorado, Boulder

Panel 3-12 PDR 16 Roundtable: What's All the Hype About?: Contemporary Criticisms of Democracy Chair: Imari Obadele , Prarie View University Part: Imari Obadele , Prarie View University Robert J. Goldstein, Oakland University Ward Churchill, University of Colorado

Saturday, April 20, 1:30-3:15 pm Panel 4-7 MONTROSE 2 Challenges to Mainstreaming International Relations Theory Chair: S. Ilgu Ozler, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “Global Relations, Political Philosophy, and Literature: Listen Carefully, the Voices of Women and Nature are Speaking.” Marcheta Birch , Barbara J. Porter, David Birch, Canisius College “Explaining Multilateral Environmental Treaties: What Would the English School Say?” Stephen Hartlaub, Frostburg State University “Constructivist-Institutionalism and Germany’s New Ostpolitik.” Emil Nagengast , University of Pittsburgh Disc: Edward A. Kolodziej, University of Illinois

Panel 5-8 MONTROSE 3 Capital Mobility, Financial Transfers, and Debt (Co-Sponsored with the Section on Comparative Politics: Industrialized Countries) Chair: Michael Wallerstein, Northwestern University Papers: “Politics, Taxation, and the Structural Dependence of the State in a Global Economy.” Duane Swank, Marquette University “Financial Transfers in the European Union: Who gets What and Why?” Clifford J. Carrubba, Stanford University “The Political Economy of Public Debt: An Empirical Examination of the OECD Post-War Experience.” Robert J. Franzese Jr., Harvard University Disc: Michael Wallerstein, Northwestern University

Panel 6-7 BURNHAM 1 Process Tracing and Decision-Making: A Demonstration of Techniques and Results Chair: Ellen Riggle, University of Kentucky Papers: “The Role of Memory in Accurate Decision Making: A Process Tracing Study of a Presidential Election Campaign.” David P. Redlawsk, Rutgers University “Process Tracing and Strategic Processing Patterns in Evaluating Political Candidates.” Ellen Riggle, Mitzi Johnson, Scot Hickey, University of Kentucky “Process Tracing Through Computational Experiments.” Charles S. Taber, State University of New York, Stony Brook Disc: Wendy Rahn, University of Minnesota

Panel 7-19 CLARK 5 Effects of Information and External Cues on Political Attitudes Chair: Robert Dion, Wabash College Papers: “Lost in the Shadows? The Campaign Communications of House Candidates in Presidential Election Years.” Paul S. Herrnson, University of Maryland, Kelly D. Patterson, Brigham Young University “Hands of the Few: Wealth, Political Participation and African-American Public Opinion.” Sarita McCoy Gregory, University of Chicago “The Impact of Political Interests in the 1994 Elections: The Role of the National Rifle Association.” Michael McBurnett, University of Illinois, Christopher Kenny, Louisiana State University, David J. Bordua, University of Illinois

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“Politicizing Employment Problems: Regional Trends and Influences.” Mary McGuire, Syracuse University “Men’s and Women’s Political Networks.” Marsha Silverman, University of Miami Disc: Robert Dion, Wabash College John P. Valentine , University of South Carolina

Panel 7-20 CLARK 10 Economics, Demographics, and State Elections Chair: Ronald E. Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “Fiscal Policy and Elections in American States.” Robert C. Lowry, Michigan State University, James E. Alt, and Karen Ferree, Harvard University “Explaining Gubernatorial Election Results A State Level Analysis.” Scott Lasley, University of Iowa “Is Migration Politically Neutral? Population Mobility and Political Change in State Politics.” James Gimpel, University of Maryland “Competition in Gubernatorial Elections.” Craig J. Svoboda , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Disc: Ronald E. Weber, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Emily Van Dunk, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 8-10 BURNHAM 4 Influencing the Public Chair: Geoff Peterson, University of Iowa Papers: “Filling the Media Vacuum? Are Members of the U.S. House Able to Inform Constituents about their Positions on High Salience Votes?” Daniel Lipinski, Duke University “The Influence of Televised Presidential Addresses on Public Opinion.” Reed Welch, Texas A&M University “Patterns of Media Exposure in the U.S. and Their Impact on Political Awareness and Participation.” Staci L. Rhine, Richard Flickinger, Wittenberg University, Stephen Bennett, University of Cincinnati “Entertainment, the Mass Media, and Political Sophistication.” Kris Seago, Donna Seago, University of Texas Disc: Geoff Peterson, University of Iowa

Panel 9-6 SANDBURG 3 Constructions of Feminism Chair: Lynn M. Sanders, University of Chicago Papers: “Can There Be an Anti-Foundationalist Feminist Politics?” Suzanne Martineau, Vanderbilt University “Ecofeminist Resistance: Practice in Search of Theory.” Charlene Hinckley, University of Connecticut Disc: Lynn M. Sanders, University of Chicago

Panel 9-12 LASALLE 2 Gender and Public Policy Chair: Susan Gluck Mezey , Loyola University Chicago Papers: “Nice Girls No More: Grassroots Empowerment and the Politics of Breast Cancer.” Maureen H. Casamayou, Mount Vernon College “The New FDA and NIH Medical Research Policies: Issues of Gender and Justice.” Karen L. Baird, State University of New York, Purchase “From Public to Private: Problem Definition and Minnesota Domestic Violence Policy.” Rowzat Shipchandler, University of Minnesota Disc: Susan Gluck Mezey , Loyola University Chicago

Panel 10-10 SANDBURG 4 Race and Ethnicity in Europe Chair: Ted Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College Papers: “Religion, Nationalism, and Political Participation: The Scottish National Party in Glasgow.” Michael Drwiega, University of Iowa “Segmented Labor Markets in Theory, Fact & Law: British Experience with New Commonwealth Residents, 1949-1962.” James Wehrli, Binghamton University “The Role of the Homeland in Ethnic Relations: Illustrations from Eastern Europe.” Pieter van Houten, University of Chicago “A Frayed Welcome Mat: An Analysis of Public Support for the Liberal Consensus on Immigration in Britain, France, Germany & Italy.” Chris McIntyre, University of North Texas Disc: Ted G. Jelen, Illinois Benedictine College

Panel 11-6 LASALLE 1 Saturday, April 20, 1:30-3:15 pm Revising Citizenship Chair: Eric Forsman, Central Missouri State University Papers: “The Politics of Differentiated Citizenship.” William Meyer, University of Michigan, Flint “Reconsidering the Role of Emotions in Constituting Citizens: The Politics of Grief.” Mary Beth Melchior, University of Mississippi “Citizenship and Its Discontents or, Representation and Discipline in Walzer's 'Democratic Pluralism’.” Eric Forsman, Central Missouri State University “The Medical Construction of Women's Experience: Implications for Citizenship and Political Participation.” Paulette Gerkovich Griffith, University of Maryland Disc: Morton Schoolman, State University of New York, Albany

Panel 13-10 LASALLE 3 Models of Preferences and Perceptions Chair: Chris Achen, University of Michigan Papers: “Statistical Methods for Analyzing Rolling Cross-Sections With Examples From the Canadian Election Studies of 1988 and 1993.” Henry E. Brady, University of California, Berkeley, Richard Johnston, University of British Columbia “Perceptions of Candidate Viability: Media Effects During the Presidential Nomination Process.” Philip Paolino, University of Texas, Austin “Exploring Alternative Measures of Value Conflict.” Jilliann Glathar, State University of New York, Stony Brook

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“Why Do Americans Hate Bureaucracy?” R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology, John Brehm, Duke University. Disc: Chris Achen, University of Michigan Charles Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Panel 14-10 LASALLE 5 Group Involvement in State and Local Politics Chair: Dan Hofrenning, St. Olaf College Papers: “State Lobbyists and Organizations: Some New Data.” Anthony J. Nownes and Pat Freeland, University of Tennessee, Knoxville “Interest Group Endorsement Approaches in State Legislative Races.” Terri Susan Fine, University of Central Florida “Perceptions of Group Influence in Local Politics.” Shari Garber Bax and Matthew A. Bax, University of Tennessee, Knoxville “Community Service and Volunteerism: A Case Study of Rural Economic Growth in Illinois.” Bradley A. Hinkfuss, Illinois State University Disc: Nancy Ellis Kucinski, University of North Texas

Panel 15-9 MONTROSE 1 Presidential Influence in Congress: Committees, Pork and a New Majority Chair: Constantine Spiliotes, Dartmouth College Papers: “Variation in Committee Responses to Administration Proposals: The Carter and Bush Administrations.” David E. Fitz, Macon College, Stanley P. Berard, Southern Arkansas University “The Impact of Newly Elected Presidents on Committee Agendas: The Case of the House Ways and Means Committee.” Cary R. Covington, University of Iowa “Legislative-Executive Bargaining and the Vote on NAFTA: Measuring the Relative Impact of Pork Barrel Politics.” Nathan Dietz, University of Rochester “Offense and Defense on Capitol Hill: the Clinton White House Experience.” Russell Renka, Southeast Missouri State University Disc: Constantine Spiliotes, Dartmouth College

Panel 16-10 DEARBORN 3 Patterns of Party Voting Chair: Ahuja Sunil, University of Southwestern Louisiana Papers: “A Reassessment of Party Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives.” Aage R. Clausen, Barry Burden, Ohio State University “The Determinants of Strategic Abstention, Pairing, and Roll Call Voting in the Senate, 1871-1933.” Richard G. Forgette, Miami University, Brian R. Sala, University of Illinois “Party Switchers in Congress.” Andree E. Reeves, University of Alabama, Huntsville and Mavis Mann Reeves, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill “The Contract with America: Origins and Prospects.” John Bader, University of California, Los Angeles Disc: Joe Patten, West Virginia University Barbara Trish, Grinnell College

Panel 16-12 PDR 17 Committees, Markets, and Legislative Behavior Chair: Paul Johnson, University of Kansas Papers: “Accounting for Measurement Error in the Assessment of Outlier Committees in Congress.” L. Marvin Overby, Robert O. Brown, David Hotalian, Charles E. Smith, University of Mississippi “Committee Specialization in the Presence of Market Externalities: An Institutional Model for Legislative Policy Innovation.” Kevin M. Esterling, University of Chicago “The Continuing Puzzle of Committee Preferences: A Methodological Re-Assessment.” Mark Wrighton, University of Iowa “Goals and Votes in Legislatures: A Spatial Approach to Relative Behavior in Congress.” John P. Messmer, University of Missouri Disc: Paul Johnson, University of Kansas

Panel 17-10 MONTROSE 7 Historical Perspectives on Judicial Decision-making Chair: Paul D. Ellenbogen, Colby College Papers: “Proceed to Judgment: Alexis de Tocqueville's Legal Mind on the American Judge.” Jacqueline Edelberg, University of Chicago “Federalist or Friends of Adams: The Marshall Court and Party Politics.” Mark A. Graber, University of Maryland at College Park “Conflict, American Civil Litigation and Critical Theory: An Historical Perspective.” Maria Wyant Cuzzo, University of Saturday, April 20, 1:30-3:15 pm Minnesota, Duluth “The Overruling of Precedent by the United States Supreme Court: 1803-1994.” Mark Kemper, Miami University Disc: Paul D. Ellenbogen, Colby College

Panel 17-14 PDR 18 Civil Liberties and Civil Rights: Judicial Policymaking and Implementation Chair: Michael Combs, University of Nebraska, Lincoln “Law Without Theory: The Rehnquist Court's Vision (?) of Political Representation.” David K. Ryden, Hope College “The Aftermath of Adarand: What Happened in Lower Federal Courts.” Augustus J. Jones, Miami University Disc: John R. Hermann, Trinity University

Panel 18-10 CLARK 7 States and the Judiciary Chair: Jilda M. Alliotta, University of Hartford Papers: “State Governments and the Lobbying of the "Third Branch".” Bill Swinford, University of Richmond, Eric N. Waltenburg, Purdue University “The New Judicial Federalism and School Funding: A Fifty State Survey.” Paula J. Lundberg, Northern Illinois University “The Irony of Constitutional Politics in State Government: An Empirical Analysis.” Christopher W. Hammons, University of Houston

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“Public Policy Exceptions to the Full Faith and Credit Clause in State Court Jurisprudence.” John P. Feldmeier and Andrew Dudas , Miami University Disc: Evan Gerstmann , Beloit College

Panel 19-10 BURNHAM 5 The City in Comparative Perspective Chair: Richard Hula, Michigan State University Papers: “Imaging Democratic Legitimacy: Political Survival and Urban Contour Shaping.” David Meyers, Penn State University “Does Social Class Drive Urban Politics? What is Replacing Class?” Terry N. Clark, University of Chicago “The Restructuring of Local Government in Post-Soviet Europe.” Roger Hamlin , and Richard Hula Michigan State University Disc: Wilber Rich , Wesleyan University

Panel 20-2 SANDBURG 8 Local Autonomy, Competition, and Input in the Policy Process Chair: Stephen Percy, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Papers: “A Case Study of County-Based Rural Development.” Randall Gibson, Illinois State University “Implementing the Job Training Partnership Act: The Impact of Local Administration on Program Performance.” Peter Maternowski, University of Wisconsin, Madison Disc: Stephen Percy, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 20-19 SANDBURG 7 Public Policymaking Across the United States Chair: Noel Morton, University of South Carolina Papers: “Are All Gambling Policies Alike?” Denise K. Vonherrmann, Dekalb College “Regulating Hate: Explaining State Innovation on Hate Crime Laws.” Donald P. Haider-Markel, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee “Gender-Neutral Automobile Insurance Rates: Have They made a Difference?” Anthony J. Stanislawski, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Disc: Noel Morton, University of South Carolina

Saturday, April 20, 1:30-3:15 pm Panel 21-10 SANDBURG 2 A Freewheeling Discussion to Develop Theory in Public Administration Chair: Kenneth J. Meier, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Invited Participants: Lawrence O’Toole , University of Georgia Hal G. Rainey , University of Georgia H. Brinton Milward, University of Arizona David Rosenbloom, American University Patricia Ingraham, Syracuse University Barbara Romzek, University of Kansas Mary Guy , University of Alabama-Birmingham Donald F. Kettl , University of Wisconsin, Madison Tom Hammond, Michigan State University Jack Knott, Michigan State University B. Dan Wood , Texas A&M University Larry Heimann, Michigan State University James Perry , Indiana University

Panel 22-T4 SANDBURG 5 Aristotle on the Conditions of Moral Excellence Chair: Walter J. Thompson, University of Notre Dame Papers: “Autarkeia and Moral Space: Must Excellence Appear in the Public Realm?” Valerie Burks, Florida Atlantic University “Aristotle's Ethical-Political Theory: A Defense of Its Contemporary Relevance.” Terry Hoy, Simpson College “Stuck in the Mean With You: Neo-Aristotelianism's Conventional Drag.” Steven A. Taylor, SUNY-Albany Disc: William Clohesy, University of Northern Iowa Walter J. Thompson, University of Notre Dame

Panel 22-W4 BURNHAM 2 The Disappearing Woman: Retention of Graduate Student Women Chair: Karen McCurdy , Georgia Southern University Part: Evelyn Fink, University of Nebraska, Lincoln Robert Simmons, National Research Council Elliot E. Slotnick, Ohio State University

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Saturday, April 20, 3:30-5:15 pm

Panel 1-2 SANDBURG 6 Regionalism and System Transformation in the Russian Federation Chair: William Zimmerman, University of Michigan Papers: “Regional and National Loyalties in the Russian Army.” Debbie Yarsike Ball, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and Judith Kullberg, Ohio State University “Are all Politics Local or Does `Gingrich’s Law’ Apply to the Russian Federation?” Beth Fecko Curtis and William Zimmerman, University of Michigan “Transnational Linkages and Regional Attachments in Ukraine.” Steve Shulman, University of Michigan Disc: Lowell Barrington, Marquette University Joan deBardeleben, McGill University

Panel 2-10 DEARBORN 1 Democratization in Africa: 2 Chair: Clark Gibson, Indiana University Papers: Prospects for Democracy in Nigeria: A Cultural Perspective.” Nancy Spalding, East Carolina University “Nigeria's Rugged Transition to Democracy.” Agber Dimah, Chicago State University “Nigerian Paralysis: Economic and Political Development in an Ethnically Differentiated Society.” Iren Omo-Bare, Millsaps College “Legislators’ Attitudes in a New Democracy.” Philip W. Alderfer , Michigan State University Disc: Clark Gibson, Indiana University

Panel 3-13 DEARBORN 2 Institutions, Formal Theory and the Study of Democratization Chair: Leonard Wantchekon, Yale University Papers: “Executive Decree Authority: Calling Out the Tanks, or Just Filling Out More Forms.” John Carey, University of Rochester “Economic Crisis and the Institutional Prerequisites for Democratic Failure.” Raymond Duch, Hoover Institution “A Politics of Institutional Choice: Post-Soviet Presidencies.” Timothy Frye, Columbia University “Political Parties, Institutional Arrangements, and the Nature of Federal Bargaining.” Olga Shvetsova, Washington University Disc: Leonard Wantchekon, Yale University Sunita Parikh, Columbia University

Panel 4-10 MONTROSE 2 Challenges to Realism Chair: Edward A. Kolodziej, University of Illinois Papers: “The Pursuit of Order, Welfare, and Legitimacy: Explaining the End of the Cold War and of the Soviet Union.” Edward A. Kolodziej, University of Illinois “Learning Power Politics: State Behavior as a Product of War and Crisis Experience.” Douglas Gilbler, Vanderbilt University “From Waltz to Wilson: Producing Possibility in International Relations.” Rhona Leibel , Macalester College Disc: Chris Sprecher, Michigan State University

Panel 6-6 BURNHAM 1 The Impact of Self Interest and Personal Experience on Public Opinion Chair: Carolyn Funk, Rice University Papers: “Rational Public(s)?: Personal Risk, Risk Perceptions and Policy Preferences Regarding Crime in America: 1973-1991.” Timothy Patrick McLarney, Cornell University “Citizen Support for the Rights of Migrants in Western Europe: Individual and Contextual Explanations.” Lauren McLaren, University of Houston “Interests, Values, and Poverty.” Kevin Jefferies, University of Houston “The Roles of Personal Importance and National Importance in Motivating Issue Public Membership.” Joanne M. Miller, Leandre R. Fabringer, and Jon Krosnick, Ohio State University Disc: Carolyn Funk, Rice University

Panel 6-10 MONTROSE 3 Question Wording and Interviewer Effects in Surveys and Interviews Chair: Lynn M. Sanders, University of Chicago Papers: “Political Discontent: Reminding the Public What the Federal Government Does — A Survey Experiment.” Shmuel Lock, Robert Shapiro, Columbia University, Lawrence R. Jacobs, University of Minnesota Saturday, April 20, 3:30-5:15 pm “Race of Interviewer Effects on Ideas About Slavery: The Case of the WPA Slave Narratives.” Lynn M. Sanders, University of Chicago “Survey Responses and Democratic Values in Former Communist Countries.” Thomas F. Klobucar, University of Iowa Disc: George F. Bishop, University of Cincinnati

Panel 7-21 CLARK 5 Elections in Urban and Suburban Settings Chair: David I. Lublin, University of South Carolina Papers: “Knocking Doors Versus Throwing Mud: Strategies for Winning Local Elections.” Stephen C. Brooks, University of Akron “Political Participation in Urban Elections: The SES Baseline Model Reexamined.” Gloria J. Hampton, Katherine Tate, Ohio State University “The Suburbanization of American Politics: Vote Choice and Policy Preferences in the Suburbs.” Juliet Gainsborough, Harvard University “The Role of Voter Turnout in Illinois School Referenda.” Corliss Lentz, Sam Houston State University Disc: David I. Lublin, University of South Carolina

Panel 7-22 CLARK 10 Nonvoters, Voters, and Reactions Toward Political Candidates Chair: Terri Susan Fine, University of Central Florida Papers: “Feeling Thermometers and Presidential Voting Models: The Impact of Measurement Assumptions and Methods.” Lilliard E. Richardson, Jr., Grant Neely, University of Tennessee, Knoxville “Effects of Voters’ Perceptions and Their Affect Toward Candidates.” Dennis Weng-Jeng Peng, National Taiwan University “The Impact of Turnout on Vote Choice: A Nested Multinomial Logit Model.” William Morgan, Indiana University “Characteristics and Attitudes of Nonvoters.” Bryan Schmiedeler, Ohio State University, Michael A. Smith Disc: Terri Susan Fine, University of Central Florida

Panel 8-11 BURNHAM 4 The Media and Policymaking Chair: Burdett Loomis, University of Kansas Papers: “Public Opinion, Newspaper Reporting, and State AFDC Policies: Which Follows Which?” Greg Shaw, Columbia University “The Mass Media, Public Policy, and Democracy: Media Coverage of Old Growth Logging.” David Colnic, University of Arizona “Network News Coverage of AIDS: 1982-1993.” Jerry Yeric and Jonathan Rapkin, University of North Texas “Explaining News of Political Scandal and Corruption.” Tim Fackler, University of Texas Disc: John Bublic, Kent State University

Panel 9-11 SANDBURG 3 Gender and the Workplace: Law at Work Chair: Ann Lin, University of Michigan Papers: “Monopolizing the Conversation: The Deference Given to Scientific Discourse on the Issue of Fetal Protection Policies in the Workplace.” John P. Feldmeier, Miami University “The Bona Fide Occupational Qualification Exception to the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978: Legal Impact on Pregnant Women.” Michelle Donaldson Deardorff, Millikin University “Constituting Women through Conflict: A Theory of Constitutional Interpretation.” Julie Novkov, University of Michigan “Equal Opportunity and Gender: Assessing Affirmative Action in the United States.” Laura R. Winsky Mattei, State University of New York, Buffalo, Itai Sened, Tel Aviv University Disc: Ann Lin, University of Michigan

Panel 11-7 LASALLE 1 Democratic Predicaments, Democratic Possibilities Chair: Ruth Lessl Shively, Texas A&M University Papers: “The Irony of Democratic Theory.” Ruth Lessl Shively, Texas A&M University “Whither Posterity? Democratic Theory and Future Generations.” Mike Baumgartner, Indiana University “Whitman's ‘Miracle of Miracles’: The Miracle of Identity.” Morton Schoolman, State University of New York, Albany “Sovereignty, Globalization, and Citizenship: Political Identity in the Evolving State System.” Edward Cohen, Buena Vista University Disc: William Meyer, University of Michigan, Flint

Panel 11-13 PDR 16 Toleration, Pluralism, and Constitutionalism in Liberal Theory Chair: Mary C. Segers, Rutgers University, Newark 132

Papers: “Liberalism and the Crisis of Cultural Pluralism.” Chris Tuffolo, University of St. Thomas “Liberal Theories of the Human Good.” Jyl Josephson, Texas Tech University “A Godly Nation? The Religious Right, The Founders and the Constitution.” Emily R. Gill, R. Craig Curtis, Bradley University “Hannah Arendt and the Roots of Cold War Liberalism.” Joanna V. Scott, Eastern Michigan University Disc: Mary C. Segers, Rutgers University, Newark

Panel 12-8 LASALLE 2 Multi-Stage Voting Models Chair: Greg D. Adams, Harvard University Papers: “Informational Cascades, Sequential Elections, and Presidential Primaries” Mark Fey, Princeton University “A Model of a Two-Stage Election with Incomplete Information” Mishel Myagkov, California Institute of Technology “Sequential Voting and Information” Rebecca Morton, University of California, San Diego/University of Iowa, Kenneth Williams, University of California, Santa Barbara/Michigan State University Disc: Burt Monroe, Indiana University, John Londregan, Princeton University

Panel 13-1 LASALLE 3 Roundtable on Measuring Political Campaigns Chair: Lynn Vavreck, University of Rochester Part: John Zaller, University of California, Los Angeles Charles Franklin, University of Wisconsin, Madison Henry E. Brady, University of California, Berkeley Richard Johnston, University of British Columbia Shanto Iyengar, University of California, Los Angeles Steven J. Rosenstone, University of Michigan Larry Bartels, Princeton University

Panel 14-11 LASALLE 5 Money and Politics Chair: Mark J. Wattier, Murray State University Papers: “Assessing the Impact of Campaign Contribution Limits in the American States.” John Camobreco, University of New Hampshire “The Impact of Campaign Contributions in the Texas Legislature.” Gary Halter, Texas A&M University “Following the Money: The Financial Underpinnings of the 1994 Midterm.” Theodore J. Eismeier, Hamilton College, Philip H. Pollock, University of Central Florida “Funding for State Parties, Politics and Philanthropic Interests.” Ruth Jones, Arizona State University Disc: Alan D. Monroe, Illinois State University

Panel 15-10 MONTROSE 1 Chief Executives as Agenda Setters Chair: Joel D. Aberbach, University of California, Los Angeles Papers: “Gubernatorial Policy Leadership in the Fifty States.” Margaret R. Ferguson, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill “Presidential Influence in the Coordination of House and Senate Agendas.” Roger T. Larocca, University of Chicago “The Dynamics of Foreign Policy Agenda Setting.” B. Dan Wood, Jeffrey S. Peake, Texas A&M University Disc: Joel D. Aberbach, University of California, Los Angeles Steven A. Shull, University of New Orleans

Panel 16-11 DEARBORN 3 Party Leaders and Institutional Change Chair: Sarah Binder, Brookings Institution Papers: “Explaining Membership in the Party Whip System: A Multivariate Model.” Phillip J. Ardoin, Louisiana State University “Speakers and the Media: Organization, Operation, and Style of Speaker Public Relations Efforts, 1960-1994.” Douglas B. Harris, Johns Hopkins University “The Republican Revolution: Institutional Changes in the New Congress.” Mark C. Miller, Clark University Disc: Aage R. Clausen, Ohio State University

Panel 17-11 MONTROSE 7 Decision-making in the Supreme Court: Certiorari and Concurring Opinions. Chair: Richard Pacelle, University of Missouri, St. Louis Papers: “Politics Killed the Norm: The Proliferation of Concurring Opinions on the U. S. Supreme Court.” Edward Schwartz, Harvard University “Agreeing to Disagree: Concurrences on the U. S. Supreme Court.” Paul J. Wahlbeck, Forrest Maltzman, George Saturday, April 20, 3:30-5:15 pm Washington University, James F. Spriggs II, University of California, Davis “A Condorcet Model of Certiorari Voting.” Scott Truelove, Michigan State University Disc: Richard Pacelle, University of Missouri, St. Louis

Panel 18-11 CLARK 7 Reconsidering Federalism Chair: Michael Baranowski, University of Kentucky Papers: “Understanding Federalism Through Institutional Analysis: The Use of Time Series Data.” Michael Hail, University of Kentucky Slicing the Marble Cake: Distributive Politics, Federalism, and State Politics.” H. W. Jerome Maddox, Harvard University “Revenue, Structure and the Grassroots: A Study of the Effects of State Fiscal Constraints on Local Government, Frances Stokes Berry, Barbara Coyle McCabe, Florida State University Disc: David Beam , Illinois Institute of Technology

134

Panel 20-15 SANDBURG 7 Policy Issues of Race and Gender Chair: Joseph Stewart, Jr., University of Texas, Dallas Papers: “Explaining Black Support for Affirmative Action.” Maruice Mangum, Louisiana State University “The Impact of Culture on the Delivery of Competent Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services to Latinos.” Mike Flores, Illinois State University Disc: Donald P. Haider-Markel, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Panel 21-9 SANDBURG 2 People in Organizations Chair: Peter J. Bergerson, Southeast Missouri State University Papers: “Evaluating Job Satisfaction Among Male and Female Public Employees.” Victor S. DeSantis, Bridgewater State College, Samantha L. Durst, University of North Texas “Ideology in the Higher Civil Service.” Robert Maranto, Lafayette College Disc: Lilly J. Goren, Boston College

Panel 22-U1 BURNHAM 5 Innovative Approaches to Teaching Introductory American Government Chair: Grant Reeher, University of Michigan and Syracuse University Papers: “The Writing Portfolio in the Political Science Classroom.” Will Morgan, Indiana University and Mary Beth Morgan , Indiana Department of Education “Teaching American Government: Love ‘em, Lecture, or Leave ‘em Alone.” Stacey Hunter Hecht, Barbara Palmer, University of Minnesota “Linking American Government with Learning Communities.” Molly H. Waite, William Rainey Harper College Disc: Joe Cammarano, Syracuse University

164

Participant Index Abel, Corey, 96 Baty, Paige, 57 Bianco, William T., 50, 71 Aberbach, Joel D., 126 Baugh, Joyce , 97 Bielasiak, Jack, 85 Abramson, Paul R., 101 Baum, Lawrence, 84, 104 Binder, Sarah, 74, 126 Achen, Chris, 117 Baumann, Fred, 96 Binning, William, 103 Adams, Francis, 55, 86 Baumgartner, Frank R., 53, 58, 112 Birch, David, 115 Adams, Greg D., 75, 125 Baumgartner, Mike, 124 Birch, Marcheta, 115 Adkins, Randall E., 74 Bax, Matthew A., 118 Bishop, George F., 123 Adler, Scott E., 90 Bax, Shari Garber, 118 Bixby, Barbara, 69 Agress, Renee, 55 Baxter, Donald, 62 Blair, LaVonna J., 51 Aguiar, Gary G., 107 Beam, David, 126 Blair, William M., 111 Aguilar, Edwin Eloy, 85 Beck, Nathaniel, 103, 109 Blake, Charles H., 54 Ahuja, Sunil, 59, 118 Beck, Paul, 56 Blakeman, John, 100 Ainsworth, Scott, 51, 109 Beeck, Thomas, 91 Bloom, Joel, 108 Alderfer, Philip W., 122 Bell, Francis, 48 Blumberg, Melanie J., 58 Aldrich, John, 50, 104 Bellamy, Al, 60 Bo, Zhiyue, 62 Alexander, James, 77 Bendix, John, 113 Boatwright, Robert G., 74 Alexander, Liz A., 76 Benfanti, William, 97 Bodelson, Patricia, 76 Alford, John, 57 Bennett, Anne, 77 Boeger, Leesa, 114 Alger, Dean, 102 Bennett, D. Scott, 48 Bohte, John, 112 Alig, Julie L., 114 Bennett, Stephen, 116 Bokina, John, 84 Allen, Amy, 65 Berard, Stanley P., 118 Boles, Janet K., 52, 60 Allen, Christopher S., 77 Berejikian, Jeffrey, 100 Bollen, Kenneth, 100, 106 Allen, William B., 61 Berg, John, 60 Bond, Jon, 103 Alliotta, Jilda M., 97, 119 Berg, John C., 113 Bonnicksen, Andrea, 53 Alt, James E., 103, 109, 116 Bergerson, Peter J., 112, 127 Bordua, David J., 115 Alvarez, R. Michael, 88, 96, 118 Bernhard, William, 63, 78 Borick, Christopher, 59 Ambrosius, Margery, 92, 105 Bernick, E. Lee, 82 Borquez, Julio, 108 Amerson, Lydia, 83 Bernstein, Jeffrey L., 97 Borrelli, Mary Anne, 72 Ames, Barry, 100, 106 Berry, Francis Stokes, 105 Box-Steffensmeier, Janet, 81, 96 Anderson, Chris, 93 Berry, William, 83, 91 Brace, Paul, 105 Anderson, Rodney A., 51 Best, Bradley J., 85 Brady, Henry E., 101, 117, 125 Anderson, Stephanie, 48 Best, James, 58 Brandt, Patrick T., 67 Best, James J., 58 Brattebo, Douglas M., 58 Best, Sam, 105 Bratton, Kathy, 81 Andersson, Angela Hinton, 111 Betley, Charles R., 113 Bray, Bernard, 53 Ansolabehere, Stephen, 56 Breen, Sheryl, 89 Appleton, Andrew, 93, 106 Brehm, John, 50, 118 Ardoin, Phillip J., 111, 126 Brennan, Kevin, 77 Arnhart, Larry, 76 Bressler, Michael L., 60 Arnold, Peri E., 58 Brierly, Allen Bronson, 59 Asher, Herbert, 94 Brintnall, Michael, 83 Atlas, Pierre, 73 Brodie Haire, Susan, 52 Ault, Michael, 80, 90 Brooks, Rachelle, 81 Austen-Smith, David, 96 Brooks, Stephen C., 95, 123 Austin, Rory, 105 Broughton, David, 85 Bader, John, 118 Broussard, Rosalyn, 53 Baek, Seung-Kyung, 85 Brown, Robert O., 119 Bailry, Michael, 50 Brown, Ronald E., 78, 79 Baird, Karen L., 53, 117 Brown, Thad, 73 Baker, Andrew, 93 Brown, Trevor L., 47 Baker, Ralph, 57 Browne, William, 58 Baker, Ross, 74, 75 Bruce, John M., 64, 87 Ball, Debbie Yarsike, 122 Brudner, Helen G., 48 Balla, Steven J., 111 Bruhl, Robert H., 89 Banaszak, LeeAnn, 54 Brumbaugh, Chalmers, 61 Banks, Christopher P., 51 Bublic, John, 124 Baranowski, Michael, 75, 126 Budzisz, Christopher, 85 Bariagaber, Assefaw, 86 Buker, Eloise, 108, 109 Barilleaux, Charles, 98 Burden, Barry, 118 Barnett, Irene, 79 Burden, Barry C. , 48 Barrett, Andrew, 81 Burke, Christopher, 112 Barria, Lilian A., 100 Burkhart, Ross E., 56, 100, 106 Barrington, Lowell , 122 Burks, Valerie, 121 Bartels, Larry, 72, 89, 125 Burnier, Delysa, 75, 83 Barth, Jay, 71 Burns, Nancy, 95 Bartlett, Elizabeth Ann, 57 Burrell, Barbara C., 69 Battista, Andrew, 110 Busch, Andrew E., 56, 74 165

Bushouse, Brenda, 91 Conover, Pamela Johnston, 71, 94 Dudas, Andrew, 120 Butler, Christopher, 97 Cook, Constance E., 110 Duerst-Lahti, Georgia, 76 Bykerk, Loree, 83, 110 Cook, Pamela Y., 83 Duffy Toft, Monica, 54 Cabrera, Ernesto, 77 Cook, Timothy, 101 Durr, Bob, 94 Caldeira, Gregory, 59, 67 Durst, Samantha L., 127 Caldwell, Anne, 70 Cooper, Alexandra L., 74 Dutt, Nittish, 87 Caldwell, Mike, 100, 106 Corder, Kevin, 91 Eamon, Tom, 64 Caliendo, Stephen, 94 Corrigan, Michael, 90 Eberhardt, David R., 74 Cameron, Charles, 111 Cotter, John M., 54 Echevarria-Gent, John, 54 Cammarano, Joe, 127 Coughlin, Richard, 55 Edelberg, Jacqueline, 119 Camobreco, John, 125 Covington, Cary R., 118 Edelman, Peter, 76 Campbell, Andrea, 55 Cranor, Lorrie Faith, 94 Edwards III, George C., 81 Campbell, James E., 56 Crepaz, Markus, 77 Eisinger, Peter, 68, 105 Canache, Damarys, 77 Crewe, Ivor M., 71 Eismeier, Theodore J., 125 Cannon, Christopher, 86 Crews, Sandy M., 104 Elder Jr., Robert E., 51, 55 Canon, Bradley, 67, 82 Cripps, Michael J., 66 Ellenbogen, Paul D., 109, 119 Canon, David, 57, 82 Crosby, Ned, 50 Ellis Kucinski, Nancy, 118 Cantor, David M., 87 Currah, Tom, 93 Ellis, Susan, 70 Carey, John, 122 Curran, Margaret Ann, 98 Emmert, Craig, 82 Carey, Lisa Baldez, 108 Curtice, John, 101 Engstrom, Richard, 57 Carkoglu, Ali, 54 Curtis, Beth Fecko, 122 Enock, Chihana, 90 Carleton, Francis, 97 Curtis, R. Craig, 125 Enterline, Andrew, 100 Carmines, Edward, 101 Cuzzo, Wyant Maria, 119 Epstein, David, 80, 96 Carpenter, Daniel P., 50, 103 Cytron, Ron K., 94 Epstein, Lee, 104 Carper, Shellagh, 112 Dakin, Mary, 48 Erb, Scott, 63 Carrubba, Clifford J., 65, 115 Dalton, Russell, 56, 93 Erikson, Robert, 56 Carsey, Thomas M., 75 Daly, Elizabeth, 108 Erikson, Robert S., 49, 81 Casamayou, Maureen H., 117 Danford, John, 73 Esterling, Kevin M., 119 Cassell, Mark, 91 Daniels, Steven, 87 Euchner, Jon, 66, 104 Cates, Cynthia L., 67 Darcy, Robert, 102 Evans, Diana, 73 Cauthen, Jim, 82 Darnolf, Staffan, 72 Ezra, Marni, 87 Cavender, Amy L., 57 Davenport, Christian, 107 Fabringer, Leandre R., 123 Chaney, Carole, 102 Davis, Darren, 51, 59, 72 Fackler, Tim, 124 Chanley, Virginia, 72 Davis, Elizabeth Van Wie, 62, 86 Fan, David, 87 Chappell, Larry W., 53 Dawson, Michael, 65 Fastnow, Chris, 89 Chard, Richard E., 76, 98 Dawson, Stephen, 111 Fatemi, Faramarz S., 54 Chen, Jie, 62 Day, Christian, 110 Feaver, Peter D., 47 Chong, Dennis, 93 De Boef, Suzanna, 96 Feddersen, Tim, 109 Christy, Carol, 60 de Figueiredo, John, 51 Fedderson, Tim, 50 Chronister, Andrea, 66 Deardorff, Michelle Donaldson, 124 Feiock, Richard, 59 Churchill, Ward, 114 Feldman, Leslie, 109 Cigler, Allan, 58 deBardeleben, Joan , 122 Feldmeier, John P., 120, 124 Claggett, William, 101 Delli Carpini, Michael, 78 Clark, David H., 58 DeLorenzo, Lisa, 58 Ferguson, Margaret R., 75, 126 Clark, Janet, 92 DeSantis, Victor S., 105, 127 Ferree, Karen, 116 Clark, John A., 64, 111 DeSipio, Louis, 72, 73, 80 Fey, Mark, 109, 125 Clark, Terry N., 120 Devore, Joseph, 91 Fiedler, Carol, 96 Clark-Daniels, Carolyn Lea, 69 Dibble, Carl M., 66 Fields, Tiffany, 95 Clarke, Harold, 87 Diermeier, Daniel, 73, 89 Filippov, Mikhail, 90 Clausen, Aage R., 118, 126 Dietz, Henry, 91 Fine, Michael, 95, 112 Clayton,Nancy, 103 Dietz, Nathan, 118 Fine, Terri Susan, 118, 123, 124 Clifford, Elizabeth, 47, 62 Dimah, Agber, 122 Fink, Evelyn, 121 Clohesy, William, 121 Dion, Robert, 115, 116 Fitch, Eric J., 52 Clynch, Ed, 98 Dixit, Avinash, 80 Fitz, David E., 118 Cobb, Michael, 80 Djupe, Paul A., 52 Fleisher, Richard, 103 Coggburn, Jerrell D., 68, 91 Dodd, Lawrence, 104 Flemming, Greg, 97 Cohen, David B., 103 Dodenhoff, David, 68 Flickinger, Richard, 116 Cohen, Edward, 124 Dodson, Debra L., 72 Fliter, John, 91 Cohen, Jeffrey E., 81 Doherty, Joseph W., 103 Flores, Mike, 127 Coleman, John J., 81 Doherty, Kathryn M., 59 Flouris, Triantafyllos, 114 Collins, Nicole E., 62 Doron, Gideon, 92 Fording, Richard, 91 Collins, Tim, 76 Dougherty, Keith, 80 Forgette, Richard G., 118 Colnic, David, 89, 124 Dow, Steven B., 75 Forsman, Eric, 117 Combs, Michael, 92, 119 Dowd, Daniel V., 79, 87 Fox, Sharon E., 59, 76 Comer, John, 87 Downing, Lyle, 102 Franklin, Charles, 118, 125 Comparato, Scott A., 98 Droddy, J.D., 82 Fransisco, Ron, 93, 114 Condit, Deidre M., 79, 112 Druckman, James, 70 Franzese, Robert J., 70, 115 Conley, Patricia, 81, 111 Drwiega, Michael, 117 Fraser, Cleveland, 60 Conners, Joan, 72 Duch, Raymond, 122 Frazier, Curtis, 100 166

Freedman, Paul, 48 Goldberg, Rachel E., 64 Hansen, Susan B., 95, 105 Freeland, Pat, 118 Goldford, Dennis J., 112 Hanson, Russell, 91 Freeman, John, 96 Goldman, Jerry, 84 Hardin, John W., 66 Freer, Regina, 65 Goldstein, Robert J., 114 Hardin, Russell, 93 Frendreis, John, 66 Golebiowska, Ewa, 63, 86 Harris, Calvin, 84 Frye, Timothy, 122 Gomez, Brad T., 104 Harris, Douglas B., 126 Fuller, Timothy, 96 Goodwin, Chris, 79 Harris, Michael, 92, 103 Funk, Carolyn, 123 Gopoian, David, 71 Hartlaub, Stephen, 115 Furlong, Scott R., 60 Gordon, Donald, 61 Hashim, Alice, 113 Gabris, Gerald, 112 Gordon, George, 53 Haskell, John, 97 Gaffney, Brendan, 62 Gordon, Neve, 73 Hauptmann, Emily, 50 Gaines, Brian, 71 Goren, Lilly J., 127 Haussman, Melissa, 60 Gainsborough, Juliet, 123 Gosling, James, 53 Hawkesworth, Mary, 109 Galatas, Steven E., 70 Graber, Doris, 48, 78 Hawthorne, Michael, 83 Gamm, Gerald H., 66 Graber, Mark A., 112, 119 Haynie, Kerry, 82, 104 Garand, James C., 59, 98 Grafstein, Robert, 103 Hays, Carol E., 105 Garcia-Monet, Patricia A., 49 Granato, James, 96, 103 Headrick, Barbara, 85 Gardner, Dale, 54 Granstaff, Bill, 74 Heath, Anthony, 101 Gardner, Russell, 89 Greco, Donald, 49 Heberlig, Eric S., 94 Gartner, Scott Sigmund, 109 Green, Donald, 64 Hecht, Stacey Hunter, 127 Gartzke, Erik, 100 Green, John G., 58, 73 Heilman, Bruce, 114 Gartzke, Erik A., 48, 81 Green, Terri, 60 Heimann, C.F. Larry, 84 Gastil, John, 50 Green, William, 75 Heimann, Larry, 121 Gauder, Gay E., 107 Greenberg, Anna, 95 Heinisch, Reinhard, 77 Gay, Claudine, 57 Greene, Francis, 80 Heitshusen, Valerie, 66 Gerber, Alan, 67 Gregg, Gary L., 66 Heldman, Caroline E.M., 81 Gerber, Elisabeth R., 56, 80, 81 Gregory, Sarita McCoy, 83 Helgesen, Geir, 106 Gerencser, Steven, 108 Greifer, Elisha, 77 Helland, Eric, 50, 99 Germain, Kimberly K., 88 Griffith, Paulette Gerkovich, 117 Heller, William, 89 Gerstmann, Evan, 120 Griffiths, Robert J., 78 Helm, Charles, 64 Gibson, Alan, 80 Groelsema, Robert, 62 Henderson, Conway, 107 Gibson, Clark, 122 Gronke, Paul, 67, 89 Henschen, Beth M., 84 Gibson, James, 77, 78 Groseclose, Tim, 66 Herbst, Susan, 56 Gibson, Randall, 98, 120 Gross, Donald A., 56 Hermann, John R., 119 Gilbert, Christopher P., 52, 79 Gross, Kimberly, 86 Herrnson, Paul, 97 Gilbler, Douglas, 122 Gross, Michael A., 68 Herrnson, Paul S., 115 Gill, Emily R., 125 Grossback, Lawrence J., 82 Gillespie, Justin, 54 Grosskopf, Anke, 82 Gilligan, Tom, 109 Gruberg, Martin, 75, 94 Gilmour, Terry L., 78 Guge, Michael, 107 Gimpel, James, 116 Gunderson, Adolf, 89 Gimple, James, 97 Gunderson, Greggory, 74 Glaser, James, 63, 107 Gupta, Amit, 78 Glathar, Jillian, 117 Gustafson, Jeffrey, 52 Gleiber, Dennis, 68, 101 Guy, Mary, 121 Globetti, Suzanne, 64 Hager, Gregory L., 49, 90 Gobeyn, Mark, 113 Hagner, Paul, 52 Goggin, Malcolm, 105 Hague, Mary A., 52 Goidel, Robert K., 56, 94, 95 Haider-Markel, Donald P., 120, 127 Hail, Michael, 126 Haire, Susan, 59 Hajmal, Zoltan, 70 Hall, Leda McIntyre, 68, 92 Hall, Melinda Gann, 82 Hall, Richard Andrew, 93 Hall, Richard L., 90 Haller, H. Brandon, 89 Halper, Thomas, 112 Halter, Gary, 125 Hamann, Kerstin, 62, 77 Hamlin, Roger, 120 Hamman, John, 81 Hammond, Susan, 104 Hammond, Thomas H., 97 Hammond, Tom, 121 Hammons, Christopher W., 119 Hampton, Gloria J., 123 Hancock, M. Donald, 113 Hansen, John M., 58 167

Hesli, Vicki, 63, 77, 106 Hoyman, Michele, 104 Jacobson, Gary J., 59 Hetherington, Marc J., 86, 102 Hristoulas, Athanasios, 100 Jacoby, Wade, 113 Hibbing, John R., 92, 94 Huckfeldt, Robert, 56, 107 Jacoby, William G., 87, 88, 101 Hickey, Scot, 115 Huddy, Leonie, 48 James, Patrick, 58, 100 Hill, Bette, 51 Huelskamp, Tim, 90 Jamieson, Kathleen Hall, 76 Hill, Heather, 67 Huerta, Juan Carlos, 57, 62, 63 Janda, Kenneth, 84 Hill, Kim Q., 83 Huffmon, Scott H., 108 Jefferies, Kevin, 123 Hinchliffe, Joseph J., 64 Hughes, Sarah, 47 Jelen, Ted G., 79, 117 Hinckley, Charlene, 116 Hula, Kevin W., 90, 110 Jelier, Richard, 52 Hinckley, Katherine, 51 Hula, Richard, 91, 120 Jenkins, Jeffrey, 80 Hinich, Mel, 96 Hult, Karen M., 103, 104 Jewett, Aubrey, 59 Hinkfuss, Bradley A., 59, 118 Hunold, Christian, 106 Johnson, Avra, 83 Hinnawi, Mark, 59 Hunter, Wendy, 47 Johnson, Joel A., 52 Hoekstra, Doug, 51 Hurban, James, 54 Johnson, Mitzi, 115 Hoekstra, Valerie J., 82 Hurley, Patricia A., 104 Johnson, Paul, 58, 119 Hofrenning, Dan, 118 Hurtado, Marilyn Viviana, 64 Johnson, Renee J., 75 Hofstetter, Richard, 102 Hurwitz, Elizabeth, 84 Johnson, Stephen, 89 Hogberg, David, 101 Hurwitz, Jon, 79 Johnson, Susan M., 107 Hojnacki, Marie, 67 Hurwitz, Mark S., 52 Johnson, Timothy R., 79, 98 Holbrook, Thomas M., 87 Hussain, Imtiaz, 78 Johnson, Valerie C., 67 Holian, David B., 99 Hutz, Christopher, 90 Johnston, Richard, 117, 125 Holland, Catherine A., 57 Ilgu Ozler, Serife, 88 Jones, Augustus J., 119 Hollander, Elizabeth, 76 Inglehart, Ronald, 70 Jones, Bradford S., 81, 89 Holloway, Carson, 92 Ingraham, Patricia , 121 Jones, Bryan D., 53, 97 Hood III, M.V., 64, 78 Ishida, Atsushi, 63 Jones, David, 102 Hooton, Cornell, 69, 111 Ivers, David, 57 Jones, Mark P., 72 Horowitz, Edward, 95 Iyengar, Shanto, 125 Jones, Ruth, 125 Horton, Carol, 49 Jackman, Robert, 54, 100, 106 Josephson, Jyl, 125 Hotalian, David, 119 Jackman, Simon, 103 Joyner, James H., 94 Houghton, David G., 75 Jackson, Cynthia Y., 68 Judd, Dennis, 59 Hourani, Benjamin T., 60 Jackson, John, 66, 73 Just, Marion, 79, 101 House, Matt, 71 Jacobitti, Edmund, 109 Kaatz, James B., 112 Houser, Daniel, 96 Jacobitti, Suzanne, 102 Howard, Robert, 80 Jacobs, Lawrence R., 123 Hoy, Terry, 121 Jacobson, Gary C., 58, 64 Kaelberer, Matthias, 63 King, Brian R., 58, 64 Kullberg, Judith, 122 Kahn, Melvin A., 90 King, David, 56, 111 Kumar, Martha J., 103 Kaji, Joel, 80, 111 King, Gary, 109 Lacy, Dean, 49, 96 Kaltenthaler, Karl, 63, 70, 71 King, John, 107 Lane, Nathaniel P., 63 Kamenitsa, Lynn, 113 King, Kimi, 90 Lang, Joseph, 85 Kanthak, Kristin, 89 Langan, Jeff, 76 Kaplan, Cynthia S., 101 Kinney, Rhonda S., 103 Langer, Laura L., 76 Kariamu, Andaiye, 79 Kirshner, Orin, 83 Lanier, Drew, 107 Karickhoff, Krista, 82 Klemanski, John, 59 Lanoue, David, 85 Kassop, Nancy, 58 Klobucar, Thomas F., 94 Lapinski, John, 90, 111 Kathlene, Lyn, 76 Klotz, Robert J., 88 Laracey, Melvin C., 66 Katz, Jonathan, 96, 103 Knigge, Pia, 49 Larocca, Roger T., 81, 126 Katz, Yitzhak, 92 Knight, Kathleen, 101 Lasley, Scott, 116 Kaufmann, Karen, 63 Knott, Jack, 83, 121 Laslo, David, 68 Kazee, Thomas A., 86 Kobylka, Joseph F., 67 Lavelle, Kathryn, 86 Kearns, Paul S., 83 Koch, Jeffrey W., 79 Layman, Geoffrey C., 73 Keiser, Lael, 68, 91 Kohfeld, Carol, 58 Layton, Michael, 66 Keith, Linda, 107 Kollman, Ken, 73, 109 Lazar, David, 100, 107 Kellstedt, Paul, 59, 96 Kolodziej, Edward A., 115, 122 Leblang, David, 48, 63 Kelly, Michael J., 54 Koontz, Tomas M., 67 Ledgister, F.S.J., 85 Kemper, Mark, 104, 119 Kosaki, Liane, 82 Lee III, Emery G., 80 Kenney, Charles D., 77 Kosaki, Liane C., 99 Lee, Aie-Rie, 106 Kenny, Christopher, 115 Koshner, Andrew K., 67 Leech, Beth L., 58, 91 Kerbel, Matthew, 101 Koulish, Robert, 82, 83 Leege, David, 72 Kern, Montague, 95 Koyluoglu, S. Dogan, 62, 71 Leibel, Rhona, 123 Kerr, Brinck, 104 Krause, George A., 98, 99, 103 Leighley, Jan E., 94, 101 Kessel, John H., 51 Kromkowski, Charles A., 100 Lentz, Corliss, 112, 123 Kettl, Donald, 121 Kropf, Martha E., 88, 102 Lessl Shively, Ruth, 124 Khademian, Anne, 83, 84 Krosnick, Jon, 123 Lever, Anabelle, 58, 102 Kiewiet, D. Roderick, 65, 66 Kruse, Ron, 100 Levitt, Steve, 66 Kilwein, John C., 82 Krutz, Glen, 90 Levy, Michael, 85 Kim, Dukhong, 106 Kucinski, Nancy Ellis, 90 Lewis, Erik L., 55 Kim, Kwang-Woong, 106 Kuklinski, James, 78 Lewis, Jeremy R.T., 60 Kim, Thomas P., 64 Kukoleca, Michella, 70 Lewis, V. Bradley, 112 168

Lewis-Beck, Michael, 100, 106 Martin, Elizabeth M., 65, 89 Miller, Arthur H., 94 Leyden, Kevin, 68 Martin, Lanny, 109 Miller, Joanne M., 123 Licari, Michael J., 68, 91 Martin, Paul, 79 Miller, John, 73 Lichbach, Mark, 93, 114 Martin, Robert W.T., 80 Miller, Mark C., 126 Liebell, Susan, 89, 102 Martineau, Suzanne, 116 Miller, Mark Daniel, 50 Liebschutz, Sarah, 76 Maslin-Wicks, Kimberly, 97 Miller, Penny M., 49 Lieske, Joel, 52 Maternowski, Peter, 120 Milward, H. Brinton , 121 Lilly, Maryellen, 105 Matheson, Sean, 64 Milyo, Jeff, 103 Lin, Ann, 124 Matisone, Sandra, 63 Milyo, Jeffrey, 56 Lin, Jun, 101 Matsebula, Vincent, 114 Mintrom, Michael, 98, 105, 112 Lindeman, Mark, 78 Mattei, Laura R. Winsky, 124 Modde, Douglas, 70 Lindenberg, Karen, 84 Matthes, Melissa, 57 Mondak, Jeffrey, 77 Lindquist, Stefanie, 52, 105 Mauceri, Philip, 54 Monette, Craig, 55 Lindsay, Thomas K., 92 Maule, Linda, 52 Monroe, Alan D., 97, 125 Ling, Jeffrey, 58 Mayer, Jean Francois, 54 Monroe, Burt, 93, 125 Linker, Damon, 73 Mayer, Jeremy D., 78 Montgomery, Kathryn, 78 Lipinski, Daniel, 116 Mayer, Russell, 79, 86 Moore, Pamela, 63, 70 Lipson, Michael, 60 Mayhew, David, 111 Moore, Philip Dyer, 49 Litras, Marika, 94 Mazzara, Elizabeth, 97 Moore, Will, 93 Little, Thomas H., 64, 81 McBurnett, Michael, 115 Morehouse, Sarah, 66 Lock, Shmuel, 123 McCabe, Barbara Coyle, 105, 126 Morgan, Mary Beth, 127 Lockerbie, Brad, 78, 90 McCall, Madhavi M., 72, 114 Morgan, Will, 127 Lockhart, Charles, 55 McCall, Michael A., 72 Morgan, William, 124 Lombardo, Salvatore, 70 McCarter, Andrew, 98 Morris, Irwin, 64 Londregan, John, 65, 125 McCarty, Nolan, 65, 97 Morton, Noel, 120 Longley, Lawrence, 74, 81, 86 McClurg, Scott D., 96 Morton, Rebecca, 49, 125 Longoria, Thomas L., 108 McCoy Gregory, Sarita, 115 Moskowitz, David, 63 Loomis, Burdett, 89, 124 McCubbins, Matthew D., 50 Mudaliar, Chandra, 88 Lorenzini, Michelle, 55 McCue, Clifford, 71 Mudd, Charles Lee, Jr., 113 Lorvich, Nicholas P., Jr., 52 McCurdy, Karen, 67, 99, 121 Mueller, K., 73 Louscher, David, 78 McCurley, Carl, 49, 50, 64, 88 Mueller, Melinda A,, 75 Lovell, George, 67 McDonagh, Eileen L., 49, 60 Mueller, Paul, 52 Lovrich, Nicholas P., 52 McDonald, Scott, 114 Mulligan, Tricia, 88 Lowenstein, Daniel, 56 McEnnerney, Dennis, 65 Mutz, Diana, 86 Lowenthal, Diane, 79 McFarland, Andrew, 58 Myagkov, Mishel, 125 Lowry, Robert C., 103, 116 McGee Crotty, Patricia, 88 Myers, David, 91 Loynd, Brian, 109 McGeever, Patrick J., 84 Nadeau, Richard, 87 Lubell, Mark, 50, 96 McGillivray, Fiona, 55, 90 Nagengast, Emil, 115 Lublin, David I., 80, 123 McGuire, Mary, 116 Nagler, Jonathan, 102 Lucas, John, 62 McIntosh, Wayne, 67 Nagpaul, Han, 91 Luks, Samantha, 87 McIntyre, Chris, 62, 117 Naranch, Laurie, 81 McIver, John, 52 Navarro, Sharon, 108 Lundberg, Paula J., 119 McKee, Erik, 102 Neathery, Jody, 106 Lupia, Arthur, 50, 109 McKenzie, Evan, 104 Neblo, Michael, 71 Luttbeg, Norman R., 105, 108 McKinney, Lucinda K., 105 Neely, Francis K., 97 Lynch, Patrick G., 58, 74, 87 McLaren, Lauren, 123 Neely, Grant, 123 Lynn, Lawrence, 76 McLarney, Timothy Patrick, 123 Neiman, Max, 98 MacDonald, J., 73 McLauchlan, William, 84 Nelson, Blake, 98 MacGilvray, Eric, 102 McMillan, Susan, 86 Nelson, Garrison, 104 Maddox, H.W. Jerome, 126 McMillen, Stacy, 102 Nelson, Lisa, 112 Magalhaes, Mariano, 70 McSpadden, Lettie, 68 Neubauer, Bruce J., 60 Maggiotto, Michael, 103 Mealy, Kimberly A., 89 Nichols, Steven, 56, 86 Maltese, John A., 91 Mebane Jr., Walter R., 73, 89 Nickelsburg, Michael, 96 Maltzman, Forrest, 66, 126 Medvic, Stephen K., 64 Niemi, Richard G., 87 Mangum, Maurice, 81, 95, 127 Meier, Kenneth J. , 121 Nokken, Timothy P., 111 Mani, Bonnie, 64 Meier, Kenneth J., 60, 91 Nomi, Tomoaki, 55 Manion, Melanie, 68 Meizlish, Deborah S., 68 Noojibail, Sheila J., 54 Manrique, Cecelia, 49 Melchior, Alan, 83 Norden, Deborah, 47 Manrique, Gabriel, 57 Melchior, Mary Beth, 117 Norpoth, Helmut, 56 Mansbridge, Jane, 65 Mendelberg, Tali, 63, 64 Norris, Pippa, 69 Many, Adam S., 56 Menifield, Charles E., 57 Novkov, Julie, 57, 124 Maranto, Robert, 127 Merelman, Richard M., 102 Nowacki, Dawn Jamison, 47 Marcus, George E., 55 Messmer, John P., 119 Nownes, Anthony J., 118 Margolis, Michael, 49 Meyer, Fred, 57 Nugent, John D., 97 Marion Jr., John, 83 Meyer, William, 117, 124 O'Connor, Robert E., 101 Marschall, Melissa, 98 Meyers, David, 120 O'Halloran, Sharyn, 65, 96 Marshall, Richard, 95 Mezey, Susan Gluck, 99, 116, 117 O'Leary, Catherine, 84 Martin, Andrew D., 96 O'Regan, Valerie, 68 Martin, Elaine, 102 Michelson, Melissa R., 90 O'Toole, Lawrence, 121 169

Obadele, Imari, 114 Raturi, Anita, 112 Rohde, David W., 64, 111 Ogden, Carla E. Molette, 82 Read, James, 65, 89 Rohrschneider, Robert, 93 Ogul, Morris, 111 Reddick, Malia, 52 Roman, Peter J., 74 Oh, Cheol H., 69, 113 Reddy, Movindri, 54, 62 Romero, David W., 64, 71 Olsen, Jonathan, 93 Redlawsk, David P., 115 Romzek, Barbara, 121 Olson, David, 85, 86 Reeher, Grant, 127 Roscoe, Douglas D., 108 Olson, Mary, 50 Reenock, Christopher, 72 Rose, Amanda, 87 Omo-Bare, Iren, 114, 122 Reeves, Andree E., 51, 118 Rosenbloom, David , 121 Oppenheimer, Bruce I., 66 Reeves, Mavis Mann, 118 Rosenstone, Steven J., 72, 125 Orth, Deborah A., 76, 82 Rehfeld, Andrew, 95 Rosenthal, Cindy Simon, 69 Orwin, Clifford, 61 Rosenthal, Howard, 65 Ostdiek, Donald, 97 Reichert, M. Shawn, 77 Ruben, Matthew, 65 Overby, L. Marvin, 119 Reisinger, William, 47, 48 Rubestein, Daniel, 62 Ozler, S. Ilgu, 115 Renka, Russell, 118 Rubin, Irene, 112 Pacek, Alexander, 63 Reno, William, 70 Ruckman Jr., P.S., 90 Pacelle, Richard, 126 Resnick, David, 49 Ruhil, Anirudh Virender Singh, 105 Page, Benjamin, 56 Ressmeyer, Timoty J., 60 Russell, Judith, 108 Page, Scott, 73 Rexford, Elizabeth, 75 Ryan, John Francis, 67 Palacios-Sommer, Armando, 69 Rexford, Elizabeth A., 57 Ryden, David K., 110, 119 Palmer, Barbara, 104, 127 Reynolds, David B., 103 Ryman, Andrea, 51, 95 Palmquist, Bradley, 80 Reynolds, Holly Teeters, 49 Sabonmatsu, Kira, 49 Paolin, Philip, 94, 117 Reynolds, Lisa, 95 Sala, Brian R., 111, 118 Parikh, Sunita, 122 Rhine, Staci L., 116 Sallinger-McBride, Jan, 85 Park, Keeok, 98 Rich, Robert, 78 Samhat, Nayef H., 63 Parks, Roger B., 83 Rich, Robert F., 113 Sampaio, Anna, 102 Parry, Janine, 52 Rich, Wilber, 120 Samuels, Suzanne, 67 Parry, Janine Alisa, 52 Richards, David L., 107 Sanders, Francine, 64 Patten, Joe, 74, 118 Richardson Jr., Lilliard E., 89, 123 Sanders, Lynn, 76 Patterson, Kelly D., 115 Richardson, Jr., Glenn W., 56 Sanders, Lynn M., 116, 123 Paul, Ezra, 83, 113 Rieger, John, 109 Sanders, Mitch, 89 Peake, Jeffrey, 81, 126 Riemann, Charles, 111 Sandstum, Frances, 90 Percy, Stephen, 120 Riggle, Ellen, 115 Sapat, Alka, 68 Perry, Anthony, 51 Riley, Jack, 61, 92 Sapiro, Virginia, 65 Perry, James, 121 Riley, Mark, 64 Sauber, Heather, 60 Peters, C. Scott, 51, 52, 82 Rinehart, Sue Tolleson, 78, 95 Savage, Sean J., 96 Peterson, David A. M., 79 Rinella, Michael, 109 Savitch, Hank, 91 Peterson, Geoff, 51, 116 Ringquist, Evan J., 52, 68 Scavo, Carmine, 76, 83 Peterson, Mark A., 111 Ripley, Randall B., 94 Schaefer, Todd, 49 Peterson, Vic, 57 Rivers, Doug, 96 Scheberle, Denise, 60 Petrocik, John, 73 Robb, David, 83 Schickler, Eric, 64 Pfeffer, Jacqueline Leigh, 109 Roberts, Brian, 88, 103 Schier, Steven E., 101 Phillips, Robert, 92 Roberts, Reginald, 88 Schiller, Wendy J., 90, 97 Pickerill, J. Mitchell, 104 Roch, Christine, 98 Schlagheck, Donna, 60 Pierce, John C., 52 Rockman, Bert, 66, 111 Schlozman, Kay Lehman, 95 Pinderhughes, Dianne, 88, 99 Rogers, James R., 65, 83 Schmiedeler, Bryan, 124 Plutzer, Eric, 95 Schneider, Mark, 98 Poe, Steven, 107 Schneider, Saundra K., 91 Polinard, Jerry, 73 Schneiderman, Stuart B., 82, 85 Pollock, Philip H., 125 Schnell, Frauke, 88 Pomper, Gerald, 81 Schocehet, Katrina Lynn, 89 Poole, Keith T., 65 Scholz, John, 50 Popejoy, T.L., 65 Schoolman, Morton, 117, 124 Porter, Barbara J., 115 Schoussen, Matthew, 67 Porter, Steven, 93 Schrebel, Rob R., 98 Portnoy, Brian, 63 Schrecker, Ted, 113 Potoski, Matthew, 99 Schuessler, Alexander A., 101 Powell, Richard J., 90 Schwartz, Edward, 69, 126 Priess, David, 55, 63 Schwarz, Daniel R., 111 Pyle, Barry, 51 Schweider, David, 78 Quinn, Kevin, 54 Schwieder, David, 49 Quirk, Paul J., 78, 91 Scott, Joanna V., 125 Rabe, Barry, 99 Scribner, Jay, 112 Radin, Beryl, 76 Scully, Roger, 114 Rahe, Paul A., 61 Seago, Donna, 116 Rahm, Dianne, 105 Seago, Kris, 116 Rahn, Wendy, 115 Searing, Donald D., 71 Rainey, Hal , 121 Segal, Jeffrey, 90 Ramsey, Lucinda M., 76 Segal, Jennifer, 82 Rapkin, Jonathan, 87, 124 Segers, Mary C., 125 170

Segura, Gary M., 96, 109 Soss, Joe, 68 Taylor, Steven A., 121 Sekhon, Jasjeet S., 89, 103 Spaeth, Harold, 104 Teaford, Patricia, 98 Seligson, Amber, 108 Spalding, Nancy, 122 Tedesco, Rochelle, 51 Seligson, Mitchell, 100, 106 Spalding, Rose, 108 TenBarge, Joseph, 94 Sellers, Patrick, 64 Sparrow, Bartholomew, 64, 88 Terkildsen, Nayda, 65 Sened, Itai, 124 Terkildsen, Nayda R., 88 Seroka, Jim, 86 Spence, David B., 111 Teske, Paul, 98, 105 Serra, George, 84 Sperling, James, 78 Thacker-Kumar, Leena, 78, 114 Sgouraki-Kinsey, Barbara, 93 Spiliotes, Constantine, 118 Theen, Rolf H. W., 91 Shapiro, Catherine R., 87 Spill, Rorie L., 67 Theising, Andrew J., 68 Shapiro, Ian, 50 Sprecher, Chris, 48, 100, 123 Thigpen, Robert, 102 Shapiro, Robert, 55, 123 Spriggs II, James F., 98, 126 Thomas, Norman C., 58 Sharp, Christine, 111 Spring, Michael, 107 Thomas, Sue, 72, 92 Sharp, Elaine, 75 Squire, Peverill, 75 Thompson, Walter J., 121 Shaw, Daron, 88 Squires, Catherine R., 64 Thomson, Vivian E., 52 Shaw, Kelly, 70 Stack, John, 92 Thornton, Douglas, 85 Sheridan, Clare, 102 Stambough, Stephen J., 71 Thorson, Greg, 111 Shi, Christy, 86 Stanislawski, Anthony J., 105, 120 Thurber, James, 104 Shi, Yuhang, 53 Steed, Robert P., 81 Thurmaier, Kurt, 53 Shields, Todd G., 56 Steenbergen, Marco, 81 Tien, Charles, 97 Shin, Doh C., 106 Steger, Wayne, 100 Tiller, Emerson H., 51, 104 Shingles, Richard, 95 Stegmaier, Mary, 79 Timpone, Richard J., 89, 94 Shipan, Charles R., 80, 87 Steigenga, Timothy, 85 Toft, Ivan M., 94 Shipchandler, Rowzat, 117 Stein, Andrew, 77 Tomz, Michael, 69 Shirkey, Kurt Alan, 78 Stein, Lana, 75 Traugott, Michael, 102 Shively, Ruth Lessl, 124 Stein, Robert, 90 Traut, Carol Ann, 82 Shull, Steven A., 126 Stein, Roz, 79 Travis, Toni-Michelle, 99 Shulman, Steve, 122 Steiner, Niklaus, 47 Trish, Barbara, 97, 118 Shvetsova, Olga, 122 Stenner, Karen, 50, 55 True, Jim, 53, 83 Siaroff, Alan, 77 Sterken Jr., Robert E., 48, 75 Truelove, Scott, 126 Sidlow, Edward I., 84 Steuernagel, Gertrude A., 79 Tu, Chin-chang, 49 Sigel, Roberta, 48, 87 Stevenson, Randolph T., 88, 109 Tuffolo, Chris, 125 Sigelman, Lee, 56 Stewart III, Charles, 66, 104 Turner, Robert C., 81 Signorino, Curtis S., 109 Stewart Jr., Joseph, 88, 127 Twiggs, Dan, 100 Silverman, Marsha, 116 Stewart, Marianne C., 71, 93 Underwood, Katherine, 80 Simmons, James R., 79, 104 Stewart, Patrick A., 98 Unter, Kevin, 88 Simmons, Robert, 121 Stinebrickner, Bruce, 53 Urban Pappi, Franz, 107 Simmons, Solon J., 79 Stokes Berry, Frances, 126 Usher, Douglas, 73 Simo, Gloria, 59 Stokes, Susan, 77 Uslaner, Eric M., 90, 101 Simon, Christopher A., 52 Stone, Peter, 65 Valentine, John P., 116 Simon, Dennis, 51 Strand, Douglas Alan, 55 Valerius, Michael, 94 Simon, Maurice, 86 Streich, Gregory, 58 Valls, Andrew, 73 Simpson, Dick, 75 Stroh, Patrick, 81 Van Dunk, Emily, 116 Sinclair, Thomas, 98 Strolovitch, 50 van Houten, Pieter, 117 Sinclair, Valeria, 81 Strom, Kaare, 48, 49 Vavreck, Lynn, 88, 125 Sisken, Daniel S., 114 Stuart, Carol, 108 Velasques, Eduardo, 96 Sislin, John, 94 Stuckey, Mary E., 51, 76 Veney, Cassandra R., 86 Sitaraman, Srinivasan, 86 Studlar, Donley T., 92 Verba, Sidney, 95 Skalaban, Andrew, 95 Sulfaro, Valerie A., 56, 101 Vergari, Sandra, 60, 112 Slocum, Fred, 65 Sullivan, Roberta L., 76 Vermeer, Jan P., 79 Slotnick, Elliot E., 91, 121 Summary, Larry, 48 Viecel, Jackie, 113 Smith, Charles E., 119 Summary, Rebecca, 48 Villalon, Leonard, 62 Smith, Daniel, 68 Summers, Bobby, 77 Villalon, Leonardo, 62 Smith, J. Donald, 111 Sunderman, Gail L., 112 Vonherrmann, Denise K., 120 Smith, Joseph, 104 Svoboda, Craig J., 79, 116 Voss, D. Stephen, 80 Smith, Kevin B., 91 Swank, Duane, 115 Waddel, Richard, 66 Smith, Michael A., 112, 124 Sweet, Barry M., 78, 107 Wahlbeck, Paul J., 98, 126 Smith, R. Michael, 107 Swindell, David, 83 Waite, Molly H., 127 Smith, Renee M., 66 Swinford, Bill, 119 Walker, S. Tjip, 114 Smith, Steven, 74 Sykora, Sharon, 69 Wallerstein, Michael, 115 Smithey, Shannon, 79 Taber, Charles S., 71, 115 Waltenburg, Eric N., 67, 119 Snyder, James, 56, 66 Tafe, Ursula, 93, 94 Walz, Jeffrey S., 87 Snyder, Karen C., 94 Talbert, Jeff, 113 Wang, Fang, 88 Sobel, Andy, 63 Tarr, David W., 74 Wantchekon, Leonard, 122 Sobel, Richard, 72, 101 Tarry, Scott E., 48 Ward, Dan, 93 Sobisch, Andreas, 93, 114 Tate, C. Neal, 59, 107 Warkentin, Craig, 108 Solomone, Michael, 78 Tate, Katherine, 123 Warner, Stuart, 73 Songer, Donald, 59 Taylor, Andrew, 111 Warren, Scott, 109 Sorauf, Frank, 51 Taylor, Patrick T., 83 Wasilewski, Jacek, 85 171

Wasserman, Donna, 74 Zorn, Christopher J., 109 Watry, Ruth A., 84 Wattier, Mark J., 125 Wawro, Gregory, 50, 66 Webber, Mark, 47 Weber, Edward, 99 Weber, Ronald E., 116 Wehrli, James, 62, 117 Weiden, David, 85 Weisberg, Herbert F., 56 Weissert, Carol S., 76, 113 Welch, Reed, 116 Weng-Jeng Peng, Dennis, 124 West, Darrell M., 56 Weston, Charles H., 70 Weyland, Kurt, 54, 70 Wheeland, Craig, 112 White Jr., John E., 108 Whitford, Andy, 99 Wiefek, Nancy, 72 Wilcox, Allen, 55 Williams, John Allen, 74, 96 Williams, John H.P., 47 Williams, Kenneth, 125 Williams, Leonard, 84 Wilner, Beth, 114 Wilson, Bruce M., 70, 77 Wilson, David, 68 Wilson, Graham K., 85 Wilson, Matthew J., 67 Wilson, Michell, 64 Wilson, Rick, 50, 89 Wirt, Frederick M., 112 Wirth, Eileen, 52 Wise, Charles, 47 Wlezien, Christopher, 87 Wolbrecht, Christina, 49 Woliver, Laura R., 51, 60 Wong, Cara, 55 Wong, Janelle S., 50 Wood, B. Dan, 105, 112, 121, 126 Wood, David, 85 Wood, Jeremy, 104 Woodlief, Anthony, 68 Works, Austin, 76 Worsham, Jeff, 105 Wright, John R., 67 Wright, Nancy, 68 Wright, Nancy E., 52 Wrighton, J. Mark, 81 Wrighton, Mark J., 119 Wrinkle, Robert, 73 Wunschel, Tyler, 102 Wynia, Ann, 69 Yanarella, Ernest J., 105 Yantek, Thom, 79 Yap, Oikuan Fiona, 55, 86 Yarborough, Jean, 96 Yellin, Mark, 73 Yeric, Jerry, 124 Yin, Chien-chung, 88 Yonish, Steven, 96 Yun, Seongyi, 106 Zagorski, Paul W., 47 Zaller, John, 125 Zeng, Langche, 103 Ziegenhagen, Eduard, 54, 93 Zilber, Jeremy, 94 Zimmerman, William, 122