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Template Jurnal Didaktika FKIP UM Palembang 86 M Bisma & Hudaidah, Sejarah Islam di… Listini, Pengaruh Media Artike Listini, Pengaruh Media Artike SEJARAH ISLAM DI PALEMBANG M Bisma Zakawali1) Hudaidah2) 1)2)Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Fakultas Keguruan & Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sriwijaya [email protected] Abstrak Masuknya islam di Palembang ada beberapa pendapat yaitu ada yang berependapat pada abad-7 dan ada juga yang berpendapat pada abad-16 pendapat ini mempunyai hubungan dengan teori- teori yang beredar, Metode yang di gunakan dalam penulisan ini dengan cara metode historis, langka yang pertama heuristik atau proses pengumpulan data atau sumber, kedua verifikasi data atau proses memilih sumber yang valid dan autentik, ketiga interpretasi yang artinya proses penafsiran data yang sudah terkumpul dengan mensintesiskan, dan terakhir historiografi adalah penulisan sejarah. Sebagai kesimpulan dalam penulisan ini adalah Sejarah islam di Palembang di awali dengan masuknya para pedagang dari arab pada abad ke7 yang berlayar kepulau nusantara dan adanya kerja sama antara para pedagang dengan kerajaan nusantara pada saat itu. Salah satu kerajaan terbesar pada abad ke-7yaitu kerajaan sriwijaya yang terletak di Palembang dan para pedagang ini juga membawa ajaran yang di anutnya yaitu ajaran agama islam agar bisa di ajarkan oleh para masyarakat tetapi pada abad ke-7 tersebut para pedagang tidak terlalu untuk menyebaarkan agamnya karna pada saat itu masih berkembangnya ajaran agama hindhu, Buddha tetapi para pedagang tersebut memperkenalkan agama islam terlebih dahulu , islam mulai berkembang di wilayah palembang pada berdirinnya masa kesultanan Palembang pada tahun 1965. Kata kunci: sejarah, islam dan palembang Abstract The entry of Islam in Palembang, there are several opinions, namely there are those who argue in the 7th century and there are also those who argue that in the 16th century this opinion has a relationship with the theories that are in circulation, the method used in this writing is by means of historical methods, the first is rare. heuristics or the process of collecting data or sources, secondly data verification or the process of selecting valid and authentic sources, the third interpretation which means the process of interpreting data that has been collected by synthesizing, and finally historiography is writing history. As a conclusion in this writing, the history of Islam in Palembang began with the entry of Arab traders in the 7th century who sailed the archipelago and the existence of cooperation between traders and the archipelago at that time. One of the largest kingdoms in the 7th century, namely the Sriwijaya Kingdom which is located in Palembang and these traders also carried the teachings they embraced, namely the teachings of the Islamic religion so that they could be taught by the community but in the 7th century the traders were not too aware of their religion because at that time the teachings of Hinduism, Buddhism were still developing, but these traders introduced Islam first, Islam began to develop in the Palembang area during the establishment of the Palembang Sultanate in 1965. Keywords: history,islam and palembang Pendahuluan masa lalu tak ada seorang manusia Sejarah adalah pengalaman yang mampu membuat keputusan hidup manusia pada masa lalu dan tanpa mengingat apa yang terjadi akan berlangsung terus menerus alangkah meruginya manusia jika tak sepanjang usia manusia mempelajari mampu mengambil hikmah dari sejarah merupakan perwujudan dari peristiwa sejarah padahal sifat tanggung jawab manusia agar hidup sejarah merupakan sifat yang unik lebih mulia untuk selanjutnya dan tidak pernah terjadi lagi hanya menelaah sejarah yaitu mengingat satu kali dalam seumur hidup masa Available online at: https://jurnal.um-palembang.ac.id/JDH/index Danadyaksa Historica 1 (1) (2021): 86-96 87 kini merupakan kosekuensi dari masa pelabuhan sriwijaya terdapat lalu tak ada peristiwa sejarah yang pedagang dari arab, cina, dan india berdiri sendiri terlepas dari masa yang sedang menetap semi permanen lalunya (MD Madjid, J Wahyudhi untuk menunggu angin muson agar :2014:3). bisa kembali ke Islam merupakan agama yang wilayahnya dan bisa kita di bawakan oleh Nabi Muhammad katakan bahwasanya agama islam S.A.W pada abad ke-7 M yang berada yang masuk di wilayah Palembang itu di kota madinah atau Arab. Islam di bawak oleh para pedagang muslim merupakan agama yang begitu cepat dan abad ke 7 masehi juga wilayah menyebar sekitar 23 tahun. Islam arab semuanya sudah berhasil di agama rahmatan li al-‘ālamīn islamkan oleh baginda Nabi diterima di masyarakat karena ajaran Muhammad S.A.W dan para yang dibawa mudah dimengerti yakni sahabatnya yang disebut khalifah Al tentang aqidah, syariah, dan akhlak.3 urrasidin dalam dinasti ummayah, Di dalamnya tidak terdapat para pedagang dari arab ini juga perbedaan antara suku,ras,dan pastinya bermula berlayar di area negara. Semuanya satu dalam sungai musi sehingga membawa naungan Islam. Perkembangan islam ajaran agama islam itu sendiri ke ini sampai ke Negara atau wilayah daerah Palembang (Sholeh, 2015:67). Indonesia dan ke daerah kota Selanjutnya pada artikel ini Palembang (Supriyadi, 2008: 18). akan menjelaskan mengenai masuk Untuk kapan masuknya islam dan berkembangnya islam di wilayah ke daerah Palembang terdapat kawasan Palembang. beberpa pendapat yaitu pada abad ke 13 dan ada juga yang berpendapat Masuknya Islam Ke Wilayah pada abad ke-16 untuk abad ke-13 Nusantara dan 16 terasa belum meyakinkan dan Pada sejak awal masehi sudah secara bukti-bukti sejarah justru adanya pelayaran-pelayaran di keberadaan agama Islam di wilayah nusantara melalui jalur Palembang tidak hanya masuk dan perdagangan, baik itu dari cina, arab, berkembang pada abad ke-13 dan 16 maupun Persia serta wilayah lain Masehi tetapi bisa lebih awal lagi yang masuk ke nusantara terutama yaitu sekitar abad ke-7 dan 8 M yaitu palembang. perdagangan ini menjual bersamaan dengan berkembangnya beberapa barang dagang, Barang kerajaan Sriwijaya yang pusatnya di dagangan yang populer adalah Palembang Hubungan masuknya nekara perunggu (dari Vietnam). islam ini dengan kerajan sriwijaya ini Nekara ini tersebar hingga ke seluruh terdapat bukti bukti kuat yang pelosok nusantara. Perdagangan menyatakan adanya hubungan nekara ini bersumber dari berita Cina dagang antara kerajaan sriwijaya pada awal abad masehi yang dengan para pedagang dari arab menyebut Sumatera, Jawa, serta hubungan ini dapat dilihat dari berita Kalimantan. Dan yang terpenting arab yang menyatakan adanya adalah Maluku merupakan wilayah hubungan dengan nusantara yang menarik bagi para pedagang. terutama pada masa itu dengan Maluku merupakan penghasil penguasa sribuza atau sriwijaya rempah-rempah yakni pala dan dalam catatan i-tsing menjelaskan di cengkeh. Dalam proses penjualan Available online at: https://jurnal.um-palembang.ac.id/JDH/index 88 M Bisma & Hudaidah, Sejarah Islam di… Listini, Pengaruh Media Artike Listini, Pengaruh Media Artike rempah-rempah tersebut dibawa ke dibawa para penyebar muslim dari pulau Jawa dan Sumatera. Kemudian pantai Koromandel pada akhir abad dipasarkan kepada pedagang asing XIII Pendukung teori Gujarat adalah dan dibawa ke negeri asalnya Snouck Hurgronye, WF Stutterheim Kemudian yaitu kapur barus, kapur dan Bernard H.M. Vlekke. Para ahli barus merupakan dagangan yang yang mendukung teori Gujarat, lebih terkenal semenjak permulaan abad memusatkan perhatiannya pada saat masehi sampai abad ke-7 masehi timbulnya kekuasaan politik Islam banyaknya pelabuhan yang di yaitu adanya kerajaan Samudra Pasai. sinnggahi untuk melakukan Hal ini juga bersumber dari perdagangan kapur barus tersebut. keterangan Marcopolo dari Venesia Pelabuhan pelabuhan tersebut sering (Italia) yang pernah singgah di Perlak di singgahi pedagang asing dari timur Perureula pada tahun 1292. Ia tengah atau india seperti menceritakan bahwa di Perlak sudah lamuri(aceh),barus Palembang dan banyak penduduk yang memeluk wilayah pantai jawa sehingga Islam dan banyak pedagang Islam memuculkan bebrapa teori yang dari India yang menyebarkanajaran berpendapat mengenai masuknya Islam. Koromandel dan Malabar. Ia islam ini yaitu: mendukung teori ini dengan Pertama, Teori Gujarat, menunjuk pada persamaan mazhab berpendapat islam masuk ke fiqh di antara kedua wilayah tersebut. nusantara pada abad 13 dan di bawa Mayoritas muslim di Nusantara oleh para pedagang yang berasal dari adalah pengikut Mazhab Syafi‟i, yang Gujarat (india) dari teori ini adalah juga cukup dominan di wilayah Kurangnya Arab dalam penyebaran Koromandel dan Malabar, seperti Islam di Indonesia, hubungan dagang disaksikan oleh Ibnu Batutah (1304- Indonesia dengan India telah lama 1377), pengembara dari Maroko, melalui jalur Indonesia – Cambay – ketika ia mengunjungi kawasan ini. Timur Tengah – Eropa, adanya batu Menurut Arnold, para pedagang dari nisan Sultan Samudra Pasai yaitu Koromandel dan Malabar mempunyai Malik As Saleh tahun 1297 yang peranan penting dalam perdagangan bercorak khas Gujarat Saleh tahun antara India dan Nusantara. Sejumlah 1297 yang bercorak khas Gujarat, besar pedagang ini mendatangi Marrison mematahkan teori ini pelabuhan- pelabuhan dagang dunia dengan menuujuk pada kenyataan Nusantara-Melayu, mereka ternyata bahwa ketika masa Islamisasi tidak hanya terlibat dalam Samudera Pasai, yang raja perdagangan, tetapi juga dalam pertamanya wafat pada 698 H/1297 penyebaran Islam. M, Gujarat masih merupakan Kedua, Teori Arab merupakan Kerajaan Hindu. Barulah setahun teori yang berpendapat bahwasanya kemudian Gujarat ditaklukan oleh islam
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