DOCSLIB.ORG

Catalog of Technical Options for Fecal Sludge Management in Bangladesh

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Catalog of Technical Options for Fecal Sludge Management in Bangladesh Catalog of technical options for Fecal Sludge Management in Bangladesh The authors: Andreas Ulrich - Researcher: Waste/Sanitation Management, IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka Prawisti Ekasanti - Consultant, IWMI Colombo, Sri Lanka Nilanthi Jayathilake - Senior Research Officer - Septage Management & Reuse, IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka Avinandan Taron - Researcher - Investment and Institutional Analyst for RRR Business Development, IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank TA Hub South Asia and the DevCon team, in particular, for their support during the preparation of this catalog. The authors are grateful to Dr. Pay Drechsel (Senior Fellow/Advisor - Research Quality Assurance, IWMI) for his invaluable guidance. Suggested citation: Ulrich, A.; Ekasan, P.; Jayathilake, N.; Taron, A. 2020. Catalog of technical options for fecal sludge management in Bangladesh. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Internaonal Water Management Instute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 140 p. Copyright © 2020, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE), Internaonal Water Management Instute (IWMI). Fair use: Unless otherwise noted, you are free to copy, duplicate or reproduce, and distribute, display, or transmit any part of this report or porons thereof without permission, and to make translaons, adaptaons, or other derivave works under the following condions: ATTRIBUTION: The work must be referenced according to internaonal citaon standards, while aribuon in no way suggest endorsement by WLE, IWMI or the author(s). NONCOMMERCIAL: This work may not be used for commercial purposes. SHARE ALIKE: If this work is altered, transformed or built upon, the resulng work must be distributed only under the same or similar license to this one. Disclaimer: This catalog is based on a review of technical options and personal experiences of team members in implementing different projects. The catalog is not a comprehensive compendium and there could be other technical options that are not represented in the catalog. A feasibility assessment must be carried out before they are considered for implementation in different cities in Bangladesh. The information in this catalog was compiled by the authors and IWMI's Publication Unit was not involved in the production of the catalog. Therefore, any errors are the sole responsibility of the authors. Photo credits: The photographs/visualizaons used in the catalog are mostly sourced from different manuals, guidelines and compendiums available in the public domain. All other photographs were taken by Andreas Ulrich and Prawis Ekasan while implemenng projects and from field visits. Technical designs in the annexure were prepared by Prawisi Ekasan. Contents 1. Introducon and overview 1 5. Treatment 41 1.1 The FSM service chain 2 5.1 Trenching 43 1.2 Importance of Citywide Inclusive Sanitaon 3 5.2 Pond systems 45 1.3 Regulatory framework related to FSM in Bangladesh 4 5.3 Unplanted Sand-bed 47 1.4 Current status of FSM in Bangladesh 6 5.4 Mechanical Presses 49 1.5 Exisng FSTPs in Bangladesh 7 5.5 Geobags 51 5.6 Modular sub-surface FSTP 53 1.6 Characterizaon of fecal sludge 8 5.7 UASB 55 2. Containment & on-site treatment 10 5.8 Omni Processor 57 2.1 Pit systems 12 5.9 Thermal treatment 59 2.2 Convenonal sepc tank 14 5.10 Co-treatment in centralized STPs 61 2.3 Prefabricated sepc tanks 16 6. Resource recovery 64 2.4 Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) 18 6.1 Co-composng 66 2.5 Sequenced batch reactor (SBR) 20 6.2 Pellezing 69 2.6 Membrane bio reactor (MBR) 22 Annexure – Selected detailed technical opons for FSM 72 3. Emptying 25 A1 Design, producon and installaon of prefabricated sepc tanks 74 3.1 Human powered tools 27 A2 Design, producon and installaon of prefabricated ABR 84 3.2 Manually powered pumps 28 A3 Design and construcon of convenonal modular 10 m³ sub- 3.3 Wastewater pumps 29 surface FSTP 91 3.4 Vacuum tugs 30 A4 Design, producon and installaon of prefabricated 10 m³ sub- 3.5 Supporve measures 31 surface FSTP (Version 1 – with bio-digester) 114 A5 Design, producon and installaon of prefabricated 10 m³ sub- 4. Transport 34 surface FSTP without bio-digester (Version 2 – with sand-bed as 4.1 Trailers 36 dewatering opon) 125 4.2 Small vehicles 37 A6 Design, producon and installaon of prefabricated 10 m³ sub- 4.3 Large vehicles 38 surface FSTP without bio-digester (Version 3 – with mobile 4.4 Transfer staons 39 filter-press ) 129 Acronyms & Abbreviaons ABF Aerated Baffled Filter Reactor OPEX Operaonal Expenditure ABR Anaerobic Baffled Reactor PE Polyethylene AF Anaerobic Filter PGF Planted Gravel Filter BoQ Bill of Quanes PLC Programmable Logic Controller CAPEX Capital Expenditure PPP Public Private Partnership DPHE Department of Public Health Engineering RFP Reinforced Fiber plascs eqv. Equivalent RRR Resource Recovery and Reuse FRP Fiber Reinforced Plasc SA South Asia FS Fecal Sludge SBR Sequencing Batch Reactor SDB Sludge Drying Bed FSM Fecal Sludge Management SEA South East Asia FSTP Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant SME Small and Medium Enterprises HSF Horizontal Sand Filter SOP Standard Operang Procedure IP Intellectual Property ST Sepc Tank LDPE Low-density Polyethylene STP Sewage Treatment Plant MBR Membrane Bioreactor TA Technical Assistance Mio Millions WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant MSTP Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant O&M Operaon and Maintenance Preface he catalog of technical opons for managing backstopping for the project) and DevCon (the Fecal Sludge Management has been produced by project management team) to provide the Tthe Internaonal Water Management Instute raonale for selecng a parcular technical (IWMI) for the Technical Assistance Hub for South opon, including the advantages and Asia (TA-Hub SA) located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. TA- disadvantages, and its suitability in the context of Hub SA is managed by Development Consultants Bangladesh. As requested by TA-Hub SA, detailed (DevCon) and supported through the Bill & Melinda technical designs used to illustrate specific Gates Foundaon. One of the tasks of TA-Hub SA is to technical opons within the FSM value chains and support the Department of Public Health Engineering discussed during the technical sessions have been (DPHE) on behalf of the Government of Bangladesh in included as annexures in this catalog. These acvies related to the planning and implementaon technical designs can be considered by relevant of Fecal Sludge Management (FSM) projects in over individual praconers, and implementaon 60 cies of the country. In order to support informed agencies in Bangladesh for implementaon in the decision- making among related public stakeholders, future. TA-Hub SA requested the producon of two catalogs of selected technical opons for solid waste This catalog prepared by IWMI team explores both management (SWM) and fecal sludge management convenonal and non-convenonal technical (FSM) value chains currently implemented mainly in opons (especially in containment and treatment) South and Southeast Asia region. along the value chain. IWMI looks forward to providing assistance to TA-Hub SA as required This catalog is a compilaon of technical opons for during on-site assessments and preparaon of FSM value chains, and includes descripons, feasibility studies for the implementaon of urban photographs and illustraons. Technical sessions FSM projects in Bangladesh, once Covid-19-related were held between IWMI (providing technical travel restricons have been lied. Methodology in selecng the Technical opons Overview of the Catalog • Review of FSM projects & programs in Bangladesh • Structured but compact overview of technical opons that are currently implemented within FSM programs in South- and South • Review of different publicaons on FSM technical opons along the East Asia. service chain keeping scalability and inclusiveness as two important parameters • Systemac, short and well visualized presentaons of current technical FSM opons including summarized consideraons about • The review was further narrowed to technical opons that are planning, implementaon, operaon and maintenance. currently implemented within FSM programs in South- and South East Asia • Inclusion of selected, small-scale wastewater treatment opons under the category of containment. • Discussions with TA-Hub and government partners on FSM technical opons in South and South-East Asian context which can be customized • Descripon and rapid assessment of main performance indicators of to Bangladesh technical FSM opons presented. • Interacve and demand-based selecon of technical opons which • Descripon of prefabricated containment and treatment opons. can be implemented for different towns in Bangladesh • Demand-based provision of detailed technical designs of selected • The implementaon of the technical opons at city level is subjected treatment opons. to proper assessment and feasibility studies, availability of funds and decision by the urban local bodies (ULBs). Technical opons reviewed Selected detailed technical opons presented Containment & Emptying Transport Treatment Resource Containment & on-site Treatment on-site treatment Recovery treatment C1 Pit Systems E1 Manual T1 Trailers C3 Design, producon and TM5 Design, producon tools implementaon of and implementaon C2 Convenonal T2 Small prefabricated sepc tanks of modular sub Sepc Tank E2 Manual vehicles surface FSTP pumps C3.1 Sepc tanks out of RFP (treatment T3 Large capacity: C3 Prefabricated C3.2 Sepc tanks out of LLDPE Sepc Tanks E3 Wastewater vehicles 10 cbm/day) pumps T4 Transfer C3.3 Sepc tanks out of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Rise of Dalit Peasants Kolhi Activism in Lower Sindh
    The Rise of Dalit Peasants Kolhi Activism in Lower Sindh (Original Thesis Title) Kolhi-peasant Activism in Naon Dumbālo, Lower Sindh Creating Space for Marginalised through Multiple Channels Ghulam Hussain Mahesar Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology ii Islamabad - Pakistan Year 2014 Kolhi-Peasant Activism in Naon Dumbālo, Lower Sindh Creating Space for Marginalised through Multiple Channels Ghulam Hussain Thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, in partial fulfillment of the degree of ‗Master of Philosophy in Anthropology‘ iii Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology Islamabad - Pakistan Year 2014 Formal declaration I hereby, declare that I have produced the present work by myself and without any aid other than those mentioned herein. Any ideas taken directly or indirectly from third party sources are indicated as such. This work has not been published or submitted to any other examination board in the same or a similar form. Islamabad, 25 March 2014 Mr. Ghulam Hussain Mahesar iv Final Approval of Thesis Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology Islamabad - Pakistan This is to certify that we have read the thesis submitted by Mr. Ghulam Hussain. It is our judgment that this thesis is of sufficient standard to warrant its acceptance by Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad for the award of the degree of ―MPhil in Anthropology‖. Committee Supervisor: Dr. Waheed Iqbal Chaudhry External Examiner: Full name of external examiner incl. title Incharge: Dr. Waheed Iqbal Chaudhry v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This thesis is the product of cumulative effort of many teachers, scholars, and some institutions, that duly deserve to be acknowledged here.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Carbon Capture Through Enhanced Fecal Sludge Management
    China, People's Republic of: Innovative Carbon Capture through enhanced Fecal Sludge Management Project Name Innovative Carbon Capture through enhanced Fecal Sludge Management Project Number 52290-001 Country China, People's Republic of Project Status Proposed Project Type / Modality of Technical Assistance Assistance Source of Funding / Amount Strategic Agendas Environmentally sustainable growth Inclusive economic growth Drivers of Change Governance and capacity development Knowledge solutions Partnerships Private sector development Sector / Subsector Water and other urban infrastructure and services - Urban sanitation Gender Equity and Effective gender mainstreaming Mainstreaming Description The technical assistance (TA) will support the development of carbon sequestration and safe carbon sink plans resulting from enhanced tree irrigation through improved fecal sludge management (FSM) practices. A market assessment funded by the Sanitation Financing Partnership Trust Fund (SPF) under the Water Financing Partnership Facility (WFPF) has recommended enhanced fecal sludge management practices that can result in reusing treated sludge for the safe irrigation of trees in the Beijing Capital Region (BCR) and other water-stressed cities in the People's Republic of China (PRC). As a result of improved irrigation practices, improved tree growth will function as carbon sink, improving carbon capture. Project Rationale and Linkage Both water shortages and increased energy consumption are serious climate mitigation issues in PRC. to Country/Regional Strategy The Government is responding by investing in carbon dioxide (CO2) mitigation measures and although carbon capture technologies hold promise, trees remain the best carbon sink. Trees need water and water starved areas in Northern China, including BCR, face energy-intensive and expensive alternatives to meet increasing water demand.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Sanitation Services
    Technical Brief 5 URBAN SANITATION SERVICES USAID Water and Development TECHNICAL SERIES INTRODUCTION In a global and increasingly urbanized world, cities play a key role in building a better future. Better managed cities with improved services contribute to improved health, governance, cleaner environments, dignity, and economic growth. However, human waste must be managed in ways that safeguard the urban environment, including water and food supplies, to maximize development outcomes. The purpose of this technical brief is to provide an overview of the important factors to consider in the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) urban sanitation programming. In addition to the USAID Water and Development Plan under the U.S. Global Water Strategy, this technical brief is aligned with USAID’s Sustainable Urban Services Policy, Private Sector Engagement Policy, and Environmental Natural Resource Management Framework. This document focuses on human excreta management activities that are attributable to the Agency’s Water Directive and does not include broader sanitation areas such as solid waste. KEY TAKEAWAYS • Urban sanitation is more than just toilets. Dense urban environments require consideration of the whole sanitation service chain to ensure safely managed sanitation: fecal waste containment, collection, transport, treatment, and final disposal or reuse. • Effective urban sanitation is city-wide and inclusive. There is no simple solution – rapidly growing cities require a range of technical solutions across the sanitation service chain. Ensuring that everyone benefits from safely managed sanitation requires specific approaches to target the underserved. • Apply commercial principles to service provision. Management of sanitation services is as important as the technologies involved, and financial viability is a critical element of sustainable services.
    [Show full text]
  • Fecal Sludge Management Services Diagnostic and Decision-Support Tools: an Overview
    WATER AND SANITATION PROGRAM: WORKING PAPER Targeting the Urban Poor and Improving Services in Small Towns Fecal Sludge Management Services Diagnostic and Decision-Support Tools: An Overview Isabel Blackett and Peter Hawkins August 2016 CONFERENCE EDITION The Water and Sanitation Program is a multi-donor partnership, part of the World Bank Group’s Water Global Practice, supporting poor people in obtaining affordable, safe, and sustainable access to water and sanitation services. This document is an output of a World Bank study led by Isabel Blackett and Peter Hawkins. World Bank team members Zael Sanz, Ravi Joseph, Chris Heymans and Guy Hutton also contributed their expertise. Special thanks to the consultancy teams from Oxford Policy Management (OPM) and WEDC at Loughborough University, led by project manager Ian Ross, technical lead Rebecca Scott, and Ana Mujica, Zach White and Mike Smith. The Water and Sanitation Program is a multi-donor partnership, part of the World Bank Group’s Water Global Practice, supporting poor people in obtaining affordable, safe, and sustainable access to water and sanitation services. WSP’s donors include Australia, Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and the World Bank. WSP reports are published to communicate the results of WSP’s work to the development community. Some sources cited may be informal documents that are not readily available. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are entirely those of the author and should not be attributed to the World Bank or its affiliated organizations, or to members of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
    [Show full text]
  • {PDF EPUB} Protection of Minorities: Regimes, Norms and Issues In
    Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Protection of Minorities: Regimes, Norms and Issues in South Asia by Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman Jan 01, 2012 · The second major focus of this book is to relate international standards on minority protection to South Asian regimes. Concentrating on India, …Author: Muhammad Mahbubur RahmanProtection of Minorities: Regimes, Norms and Issues in ...https://www.amazon.com/Protection-Minorities...Aug 01, 2012 · Protection of Minorities: Regimes, Norms and Issues in South Asia Hardcover – August 1, 2012 by Borhan Uddin Khan (Author), Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editionsAuthor: Borhan Uddin Khan, Muhammad Mahbubur RahmanFormat: HardcoverProtection of Minorities: Regimes, Norms and Issues in ...https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/protection-of...Aug 01, 2012 · Concentrating on India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, the Maldives, and Afghanistan, an endeavor is made to examine the state of minorities and their protection under the domestic regimes. It emerges that the normative commitments of these states are more or less compatible with international standards.Author: Borhan Uddin KhanFormat: HardcoverPages: 165People also askWhich is the secular national identity of Pakistan?Which is the secular national identity of Pakistan?Social scientist Nasim Ahmad Jawed conducted a survey in 1969 in pre-divided Pakistan on the type of national identity that was used by educated professional people. He found that over 60% of people in East Pakistan (modern day Bangladesh) professed to have a secular national identity.Islamization in Pakistan - Wikipedia CHAPTER 5: National Level Protection of Minorities in South Asia 53-89 5.1 Minorities in India 53 5.1.1 The Constitution of India on minorities 53 5.1.2 Religious minorities 56 5.1.3 Linguistic minorities 59 5.1.4 Indigenous tribal groups 60 5.1.5 Dalits as a caste minority 61 5.2 Minorities in Pakistan 63Cited by: 1Publish Year: 2009Author: Borhan Uddin Khan, Muhammad Mahbubur RahmanFaculty of Law – Details of Md.
    [Show full text]
  • Fecal Sludge “Management” in Urban India
    When the pits fill up: Fecal Sludge “Management” in urban India By Sharada Prasad Chitradurga Srinivasa Murthy A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Energy and Resources in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Isha Ray, Co-Chair Professor Kara Nelson, Co-Chair Professor Stanley Brandes Professor NC Narayanan Spring 2018 Abstract When the pits fill up: Fecal sludge “management” in urban India by Sharada Prasad Chitradurga Srinivasa Murthy Doctor of Philosophy in Energy and Resources University of California, Berkeley Professor Isha Ray, Co-Chair Professor Kara Nelson, Co-Chair Onsite sanitation systems (OSS) have burgeoned in urban India as sewer infrastructure has not been able to catch up with the rapid urbanization and growth. India’s aspirational flagship program on sanitation and hygiene -- the Swachh Bharat Mission (Clean India Campaign) – has abetted the construction of toilets with the aims to increase access to, and the use of, toilets to eliminate open defecation. However, management of fecal sludge (FS) generated by the OSS is critical for sustainable sanitation. FS needs to be safely contained, emptied, transported, and disposed of or reused after adequate treatment. In un-sewered cities of India, the services of emptying and transporting FS are mainly provided by privately-run cleaning trucks. Lack of adequate fecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) compel the trucks to either dispose of the FS without any treatment or facilitate its reuse in agriculture. In this dissertation, we trace the activities that kick in when a pit fills up.
    [Show full text]
  • Fecal Sludge Management in Developing Countries a Planning Manual
    First edition 2002 Fecal Sludge Management in Developing Countries A planning manual F l o r i a n K l i n g e l , Agnès Montangero, Doulaye Koné, and Martin Strauss Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science & Technology Department for Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries Planning of Fecal Sludge Management Foreword This manual has been produced by SANDEC, the Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries, which is part of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG). The main principles for strategic sanitation planing have been adopted from the guide “Strategic Planning for Municipal Planning” from GHK Research and Training Ltd. SANDEC has carried out a case study of fecal sludge management in order to enlighten the issues specific to planning of fecal sludge management. This study took place in the City of Nam Dinh, in Vietnam. The corresponding study report “Septage Management Study Nam Dinh” has been issued by SANDEC and the Nam Dinh Urban Development Project (funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation). This manual is a first approach to provide guidance on strategic planning of fecal sludge management. It is intended to further develop this manual. Therefore SANDEC will highly appreciate your comments and suggestions on the manual. For further information and comments, please contact Mr. Martin Strauss at: Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG) Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC) Management of Sludge
    [Show full text]
  • Business Models for Fecal Sludge Management in India
    RESOURCE RECOVERY & REUSE SERIES 18 (SPECIAL ISSUE) ISSN 2478-0529 Business Models for Fecal Sludge 18 Management in India Krishna C. Rao, Sasanka Velidandla, Cecilia L. Scott and Pay Drechsel About the Resource Recovery & Reuse Series Resource Recovery and Reuse (RRR) is a subprogram of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) dedicated to applied research on the safe recovery of water, nutrients and energy from domestic and agro-industrial waste streams. This subprogram aims to create impact through different lines of action research, including (i) developing and testing scalable RRR business models, (ii) assessing and mitigating risks from RRR for public health and the environment, (iii) supporting public and private entities with innovative approaches for the safe reuse of wastewater and organic waste, and (iv) improving rural-urban linkages and resource allocations while minimizing the negative urban footprint on the peri-urban environment. This subprogram works closely with the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations University (UNU), and many national and international partners across the globe. The RRR series of documents present summaries and reviews of the subprogram’s research and resulting application guidelines, targeting development experts and others in the research for development continuum. RESOURCE RECOVERY & REUSE SERIES 18 (SPECIAL ISSUE) Business Models for Fecal Sludge Management
    [Show full text]
  • Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee Context
    Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee Context Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee settings in Jordan and Lebanon Jordan and Lebanon 11/2016 – 5/2017 Martin Ohlsen, Mission Focal Point for Jordan ([email protected]) UPM Ltd. & Centre for Sustainable Environmental Sanitation (CSES) at the University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB) UPM Environment Engineering Project Management 1 Consulting (Beijing) Co. Ltd. Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee Context Mission statement (Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation) « Because the innovations we support can be most immediately valuable in densely populated areas, our main focus is on urban sanitation. Our priorities include developing non-sewered sanitation approaches, identifying new delivery models, and advocating for public policies that support improved sanitation in densely populated areas.” http://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global- Development/Water-Sanitation-and-Hygiene Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee Context Scope of work 1. Investigate and report on state of faecal sludge treatment in Lebanon and Jordan related to mainly Syrian refugee settings, 2. establishing contact to relevant institutions and organizations, 3. working on these topics in both countries, 4. analysing reports and literature, 5. in-country missions prepared logistically in partnership with a local partner, 6. develop innovative methods and techniques to reduce, recycle and re-use the sanitation waste, to protect the aquifers and to reduce the land footprint. Feasibility Assessment of Fecal Sludge Treatment in Refugee Context Macro strategy: Criteria Line ministries, local partner, NGO and municipalities, national policy and plan, urgency Pre-selection criteria are: » Large number of refugees - in relation to local population, » Degree of sanitation crisis with readiness to change, » Proud to be selected and to become a project partner, » Already a host for a BMGF intervention through institutional partners/ grantees.
    [Show full text]
  • Faecal Sludge Management: Highlights and Exercises
    Faecal Sludge Management: Highlights and Exercises Editors Miriam Englund Linda Strande Bibliographic Reference: Englund, M. and Strande, L., (Editors). 2019. Faecal Sludge Management: Highlights and Exercises. Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology. Dübendorf, Switzerland. ISBN: 978-3-906484-70-9 © Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Sandec: Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development Dübendorf, Switzerland, www.sandec.ch Permission is granted for reproduction of this material, in whole or part, for education, scientific or development related purposes except those involving commercial sale, provided that full citation of the source is given. A free PDF copy of this publication can be downloaded from www.sandec.ch/fsm_tools. Text Editing: Claire Taylor Photos: Eawag-Sandec Authors Contributors and reviewers (in alphabetical order) (in alphabetical order) Nienke Andriessen Ashanti Bleich Miriam Englund Damir Brdjanovic Moritz Gold Nadège de Chambrier Marius Klinger Guillaume Clair Christoph Lüthi Kayla Coppens Samuel Renggli Marta Fernàndez Cortés Stanley Sam Christopher Friedrich Linda Strande Pavan Indireddy BJ Ward Abishek Sankara Narayan Ariane Schertenleib Dorothee Spuhler Fabian Suter Elizabeth Tilley Lukas Ulrich Imanol Zabaleta Foreword The book ‘Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation’ was first published in 2014 and has since been translated into English, French, Hindi, Marathi, Russian, Spanish and Tamil. It is used by practitioners and universities around the world. Since its publication, the sector has been rapidly growing and adapting to address the need for faecal sludge management. To keep pace with rapid developments, publications are needed that can adapt more quickly during the time required for new books and book editions to be published.
    [Show full text]
  • Before the National Green Tribunal Principal Bench, New Delhi O.A
    BEFORE THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL PRINCIPAL BENCH, NEW DELHI O.A. NO. 46 OF 2018 WITH O.A NO. 1083/2018 IN THE MATTER OF: NUGGEHALLI JAYASIMHA APPLICANT(S) VERSUS GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI RESPONDENT(S) WITH RESIDENT OF C2 BLOCK AVA NAGAR APPLICANT (S) VERSUS GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI RESPONDENT(S) -IND-EX SR. NO. PARTICULAR PAGE NO. 1. STATUS REPORT IN THE MATTER OF O.A. NO. 46/2018, TITLED AS NUGGEHALLI JAYASIMHA VS. GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI IN COMPLIANCE OF HON'BLE NGT ORDER DATED 24.01.2020. 2. ANNEXURE- I ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR DAIRY FARMS & GAUSHALAS. 3. ANNEXURE- II INVENTORY PERFORMA FOR DAIRIES AND GAUSHALAS IN THE STATE/UT. 4. ANNEXURE-111 CONSOLIDATED STATUS RECEIVED FROM ALL THE STATES/UTS TILL 12.05.2020 REGARDING DAIRIES. 5. ANNEXURE- IV CONSOLIDATED STATUS RECEIVED FROM ALL THE STATES/UTS TILL 12.05.2020 REGARDING GAUSHALAS. 6. ANNEXURE- V AREA-WISE INVENTORY OF DAIRIES AND GAUSHALAS IN THE STATE/UTs. 7. ANNEXURE- VI PUBLIC NOTICE BY SPCBS/PCCS REGARDING DAIRIES AND GAUSHALA IN THE STATES/UTS. 1 8. ANNEXURE-VII HON'BLE NGT ORDER DATED 24.01.2020 j__d- (S. K. GUPTA) SCIENTIST 'E' CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD PARIVESH BHAWAN, EAST ARJUN NAGAR DELHl-110032 PLACE: DELHI DATED: 12.05.2020 1 Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi Status Report of Compliance in the matter of O.A. No. 46/2018, Nuggehalli Jayasimha Vs Government of NCT of Delhi regarding Dairy farms and Gaushalas The Hon'ble National Green Tribunal (NGT), Principal Bench, New Delhi, issued the following order to CPCB and SPCBs/PCCs on 8.7.2019 in the matter of O.A.
    [Show full text]
  • India City Archetype: Steady Roller 0.1–1 Million People, 20–40% Sewage Coverage, High Number of Septic Tanks1
    India City Archetype: Steady Roller 0.1–1 million people, 20–40% sewage coverage, high number of septic tanks1 Consider co-treatment: improvement of existing Yes or planned STPs to treat Do existing or planned FS. Also consider G-OP for STPs have extra biosolids treatment. capacity to treat FS? No Assumptions 1 Analysis is based on cost comparison at a Consider ~200K-240K fecal sludge management (FSM) adopting FSM reliant population equivalent. Depending on specific population needs, multiple/distributed SCWO-OP or P-OP systems may be required. Note that STeP’s “Market Insights for the Omni Processor” report indicates that decision makers may Is land availability Consider P-OP, consider ease-of-operation when selecting a Yes a constraint?2 SCWO-OP, or FS-4 FSM system for this city archetype. However, this factor is not considered in the decision No tree, because ease-of-operation issues are assumed to be easily addressed via training or 3 hiring. See second page for FSM system Are land prices high? Yes Consider FS-4 descriptions. STP stands for sewage treatment plant, and FS stands for fecal sludge. Other No acronyms are explained on the second page. 2 For example, is <2 hectares of land available Are you considering Consider Yes for a fecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP)? co-treatment of MSW? G-OP 3 For example, does the land available for the FSTP cost Rs 39,400/m2 or more? Note that all No remaining questions in the decision tree assume low land prices (e.g., ~Rs 3,150/m2).
    [Show full text]