DOCSLIB.ORG

Late Glacial and Holocene Palaeovegetation And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Late Glacial and Holocene Palaeovegetation And theINNISH F ENVIRONmENT 4 | 2010 PALAEOGEOGRAPHYLATE GLACIAL OF EASTERN AND HOLOCENE FENNOSCANDIA PALAEOVEGETATION AND This volume contains a comprehensive synthesis of mire research concerning the NATURE palaeoecology and palaeogeography of Eastern Fennoscandia, i.e. Karelian republic Late Glacial and Holocene and Murmansk region (Kola Peninsula), done during the last 60 years in the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Petrozavodsk. palaeovegetation and The main aim of publishing the book in English was to bring the knowledge, palaeogeography previously available mainly in Russian only, to the international specialist and scientific community in Nordic countries, in Central Europe, in North America and of Eastern Fennoscandia also elsewhere. The writers of the foreword have had over 20 years of Finnish-Russian cooperation in mire research, giving a good basis for the publishing. The information is important Galina A. Elina, Anatoly D. Lukashov and for the understanding of the present state of boreal and subarctic mires, as well Tatyana K. Yurkovskaya as the impacts of climatic change on nature. This information is needed also in the guidelines of responsible wise use of peat and peatlands. The book also gives a sound basis for the estimation of carbon storages deposited in mires. Hopefully the book will stimulate international cooperation in the studies of mires and climatic change in the whole boreal zone. One important task of this book is increase the understanding that we have to give a chance to mires to continue their role in their palaeoecological task. T E FINNISH ENVIRON H Order Service: Edita Publishing Ltd. P.O. Box 780, FI-00043 EDITA Customer Service: phone +358 20 450 05, fax +358 20 450 2380 Mail orders: [email protected] www.edita.fi/netmarket m E ISBN 978-952-11-3715-0 (pbk.) NT 4/2010 ISBN 978-952-11-3716-7 (PDF) ISBN 978-952-11-3677-1 (CD) ISSN 1238-7312 (print.) ISSN 1796-1637 (online.) 9 789521 137150 Finnish Environment Institute THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT 4 | 2010 Late Glacial and Holocene palaeovegetation and palaeogeography of Eastern Fennoscandia Galina A. Elina, Anatoly D. Lukashov and Tatyana K. Yurkovskaya Helsinki 2010 FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT 4 | 2010 The Finnish Environment Institute Natural Environment Centre Layout: Pirjo Appelgren Cover: An aerial view of a White Sea coast bog. This kind of huge massifs of eccentric bogs covers large areas on the southern coast of White Sea. The bogs lie in the Baltic shield in the west, and in a sedimentary rock area in the east. This view is from the eastern side of Dvina river in Archangel region. (Photo Tapio Lindholm 2002) Photo page 10: A pillow lava outcrop, smoothed by glaciations. Pillow lava structure is an evidence of the fact that the lava was erupted in water. The water causes a rapid chilling of the crust of the lava, and it may form separate drops or lumps. This lava outcrop is from the River Kepa rapids in Ypäyssuo mire area, in Kalevala region in the Northern part of Karelia. (Photo Tapio Lindholm 2003) Photo page 66: Eriophorum latifolium, a rich fen plant. The photo is taken in Olonets Karelia, Kolatselgä region, where calcareous bedrock is the reason for the occurrence of rich fens and rich forests. Mire Suonansuo. (Photo Tapio Lindholm 2008) Photo page 226: A White Sea coast eccentric bog Matigora close to Belomorsk in North Karelia. The surface pattern consist of hollows and hummocks. Lichens are abundant in high hummocks. (Photo Tapio Lindholm 2006) Photo page 276: Epipactis palustris, plant which favour calcareous moist habitats. In Fennoscadian Boreal zone it is rich fen plant. The photo from Olonets Karelia, Kolatselgä region. Rich fen close to the village Mandera (Photo Tapio Lindholm 2008) This publication is also available on the Internet at www.environment.fi/syke/publications Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy, Sastamala 2010 Printed on paper certified according to ISO 14001 environmental standards. ISBN 978-952-11-3715-0 (pbk) ISBN 978-952-11-3716-7 (PDF) ISBN 978-952-11-3677-1 (CD) ISSN 1238-7312 (print) ISSN 1796-1637 (online) FOREWORD Raimo Heikkilä, Tapio Lindholm & Oleg Kuznetsov Studies of boreal mires have a long history in Russia. Originally mires have been largely studied as natural resources. Up to 1980s the utilization of mires for forestry, peat mining and agriculture were key issues. To understand the present situation of mires, much attention has been paid from the very beginning to the natural history of mires. The research has resulted in numerous high quality publications. Unfortu- nately, during the Soviet time, most of the works have been published only in Rus- sian, which has reduced the possibilities of scientists from most other countries in the boreal zone to get information on the results from Russia. Also during the Soviet time, international contacts of scientists were limited, and research developed more or less isolated. Rather often the fine results were not distributed internationally. This book is a synthesis of work done during almost 60 years in eastern Fennoscandia about the Late Glacial and Holocene dynamics of mires and landscapes. The authors have successfully gathered together both geological and botanical data and reached a unique reconstruction of the Holocene vegetation history of Karelian Republic and Murmansk region. This edition is based on a Russian edition which was originally published in 2000 in Petrozavodsk. In Finnish-Russian mire conservation and research cooperation since 1983 we have learnt about Russian mire science and about the publications. The late Marina Botch from St. Petersburg had an important role in opening the Russian mire science to Finnish researchers. The idea about translating this book into English came up in 2002 when discussing with Galina A. Elina in the Mire Ecosystems Laboratory in the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Petrozavodsk. The text was translated into English by Ms. Olga Kislova from Karelian Research Centre. The figures have been edited in Friendship Park Research Centre by Ms. Pirjo Ap- pelgrén and Ms. Eveliina Pulkkinen to make printing in colour possible. Finally, Ms. Karen Heikkilä, M.A., from Kuhmo has made linguistic revision. For the English edition, also numerous photos were kindly provided by dr. Galina Elina. She also made some updating in the text. The way of expression follows the typical Russian style in synthetic monographs. The text is wide and descriptive, and includes a lot of detailed interpretations of the results. The book is a unique synthesis of the Russian school of mire and palaeoecol- ogy studies. An important point is that the book includes a comprehensive list of references, mainly Russian sources. The main aim of this English edition is to extend knowledge about Russian mire science over the whole circumboreal zone. We also hope to improve possibilities for international cooperation in mire studies. The Finnish Environment 4 | 2010 3 The authors of the book Elina, Galina Andreevna (Елина Галина Андреевна) (1929-) Doctor of Science in Biol- ogy, Chief Researcher and former head of Mire Ecosystems Laboratory of the Karelian Research Centre. She is a specialist in geobotany, mire science, palaeogeography and ecology. She has worked for the Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences since 1951. Galina Elina is the author of 180 scientific publications, including 5 monographs and 3 popular science books. She has lately been paying much attention to digital mapping of the Holocene palaeovegetation and palaeolandscapes using GIS technologies. Lukashov, Anatoly Dmitrievich (Лукашов Анатолий Дмитриевич) (1934-2004) PhD in Geology and Mineralogy, Leading Researcher. He worked at the Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences for over 45 years. Over these years, he took part in expeditions to many parts of East Fennoscandia, doing research in geomorphology, geoecology, neotectonics and mapping of Quaternary sediments. Anatoli Lukashov published over 100 scientific papers, including 2 monographs writ- ten individually and 5 in co-authorship. Yurkovskaya, Tatyana Kornelievna (Юрковская Татьяна Корнельевна) (1930-) Doctor of Science in Biology, leading researcher, former head of the Vegetation Geography and Cartography Laboratory (Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia). She is a specialist in geobotany, vegetation geog- raphy and cartography, and mire science. Tatiana Yurkovskaya is the editor of the Geobotanical Mapping annual. She has over 200 scientific publications. She is also the author and co-author of numerous vegetation maps, including e.g. the internationally prepared Vegetation Map of Europe. G.A. Elina, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Science, 11 Pushkinskaya str., 185910 Petrozavodsk, Karelia. E-mail [email protected]; T.K. Yurkovskaya, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, 2 Prof. Popov str., St. Pe- tersburg. E-mail [email protected] 4 The Finnish Environment 4 | 2010 CONTENTS Introduction ......................................................................................................................7 1 Geology and geomorphology..............................................................................11 Morphostructure.........................................................................................................12 Morphosculpture........................................................................................................16
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Migratory Fish Stock Management in Trans-Boundary Rivers
    Title Migratory fish stock management in trans-boundary rivers Author(s) Erkinaro, Jaakko フィンランド-日本 共同シンポジウムシリーズ : 北方圏の環境研究に関するシンポジウム2012(Joint Finnish- Citation Japanese Symposium Series Northern Environmental Research Symposium 2012). 2012年9月10日-14日. オウル大学 、オウランカ研究所, フィンランド. Issue Date 2012-09-10 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/51370 Type conference presentation File Information 07_JaakkoErkinaro.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Migratory fish stock management in trans-boundary rivers Jaakko Erkinaro Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Oulu Barents Sea Atlantic ocean White Sea Baltic Sea Finland shares border river systems with Russia, Norway and Sweden that discharge to the Baltic Sea or into the Atlantic Ocean via White Sea or Barents Sea Major trans-boundary rivers between northern Finland and neighbouring countries Fin-Swe: River Tornionjoki/ Torneälven Fin-Nor: River Teno / Tana Fin-Rus: River Tuuloma /Tuloma International salmon stock management • Management of fisheries in international waters: International fisheries commissions, European Union • Bilateral management of trans-boundary rivers: Bilateral agreements between governments • Regional bilateral management Bilateral agreements between regional authorities Advice from corresponding scientific bodies International and bilateral advisory groups International Council for the Exploration of the Sea - Advisory committee for fisheries management - Working groups: WG for Baltic salmon and sea trout
    [Show full text]
  • DRAINAGE BASINS of the WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA and KARA SEA Chapter 1
    38 DRAINAGE BASINS OF THE WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA Chapter 1 WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA 39 41 OULANKA RIVER BASIN 42 TULOMA RIVER BASIN 44 JAKOBSELV RIVER BASIN 44 PAATSJOKI RIVER BASIN 45 LAKE INARI 47 NÄATAMÖ RIVER BASIN 47 TENO RIVER BASIN 49 YENISEY RIVER BASIN 51 OB RIVER BASIN Chapter 1 40 WHITE SEA, BARENT SEA AND KARA SEA This chapter deals with major transboundary rivers discharging into the White Sea, the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea and their major transboundary tributaries. It also includes lakes located within the basins of these seas. TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS IN THE BASINS OF THE BARENTS SEA, THE WHITE SEA AND THE KARA SEA Basin/sub-basin(s) Total area (km2) Recipient Riparian countries Lakes in the basin Oulanka …1 White Sea FI, RU … Kola Fjord > Tuloma 21,140 FI, RU … Barents Sea Jacobselv 400 Barents Sea NO, RU … Paatsjoki 18,403 Barents Sea FI, NO, RU Lake Inari Näätämö 2,962 Barents Sea FI, NO, RU … Teno 16,386 Barents Sea FI, NO … Yenisey 2,580,000 Kara Sea MN, RU … Lake Baikal > - Selenga 447,000 Angara > Yenisey > MN, RU Kara Sea Ob 2,972,493 Kara Sea CN, KZ, MN, RU - Irtysh 1,643,000 Ob CN, KZ, MN, RU - Tobol 426,000 Irtysh KZ, RU - Ishim 176,000 Irtysh KZ, RU 1 5,566 km2 to Lake Paanajärvi and 18,800 km2 to the White Sea. Chapter 1 WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA 41 OULANKA RIVER BASIN1 Finland (upstream country) and the Russian Federation (downstream country) share the basin of the Oulanka River.
    [Show full text]
  • Riessler/Wilbur: Documenting the Endangered Kola Saami Languages
    BERLINER BEITRÄGE ZUR SKANDINAVISTIK Titel/ Språk og språkforhold i Sápmi title: Autor(in)/ Michael Riessler/Joshua Wilbur author: Kapitel/ »Documenting the endangered Kola Saami languages« chapter: In: Bull, Tove/Kusmenko, Jurij/Rießler, Michael (Hg.): Språk og språkforhold i Sápmi. Berlin: Nordeuropa-Institut, 2007 ISBN: 973-3-932406-26-3 Reihe/ Berliner Beiträge zur Skandinavistik, Bd. 11 series: ISSN: 0933-4009 Seiten/ 39–82 pages: Diesen Band gibt es weiterhin zu kaufen. This book can still be purchased. © Copyright: Nordeuropa-Institut Berlin und Autoren. © Copyright: Department for Northern European Studies Berlin and authors. M R J W Documenting the endangered Kola Saami languages . Introduction The present paper addresses some practical and a few theoretical issues connected with the linguistic field research being undertaken as part of the Kola Saami Documentation Project (KSDP). The aims of the paper are as follows: a) to provide general informa- tion about the Kola Saami languages und the current state of their doc- umentation; b) to provide general information about KSDP, expected project results and the project work flow; c) to present certain soft- ware tools used in our documentation work (Transcriber, Toolbox, Elan) and to discuss other relevant methodological and technical issues; d) to present a preliminary phoneme analysis of Kildin and other Kola Saami languages which serves as a basis for the transcription convention used for the annotation of recorded texts. .. The Kola Saami languages The Kola Saami Documentation Project aims at documenting the four Saami languages spoken in Russia: Skolt, Akkala, Kildin, and Ter. Ge- nealogically, these four languages belong to two subgroups of the East Saami branch: Akkala and Skolt belong to the Mainland group (together with Inari, which is spoken in Finland), whereas Kildin and Ter form the Peninsula group of East Saami.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation Series No.2137
    FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 2137 • Salmon of Lake Onega • by YU. A. Smirnov -Original title: •Losost onezhskogo ozera Biologiya vosproiFvodstvo ispOliziovapie From: Lososi onezhskogo ozera Biolop.iya vosproizvodstvc* ispoll .zovanie (Salmon of Lake Onega), : 1-143, 1Q71 Translated by the Translation Bureau-( PH) . Foreign Languages Division Department of the Secretary of . State of Canada Department of the-Environment- Fisheries Research Board of Canada Biological Station. Nanaimd, b... Biological Station, St. Andrews, X. S. Biological Station, St. John's, Nfld. 19 72 195 & pages typescript lleibliography 7:7 1 OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE s E DEPAR'RENT c R F.Pr r; D'iT A T • TRANSLATION BUREAU bUREAU DES RADUCTIONS N iq E DES, E LANGUES GAN A DA. 1C D!.\fî5i N L. TA9SLATED FROM — TRADUCTION DE INTO — EN Fusq .d. P.n Elish AU rtiop. AuTuun rnov Yu. "FITLE FI•LISH — TITRE ANGLAIS salmon of Lake Onega l bioloy reprouction - utilizetion Title in foreign language (transliterate foreign characters) Loos' onezhskoiy) ozera biolos,j_ya vosproizvoCts1;vo ispol";:.ovP.nie ------ RE'FrE..- RENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIG4 CHA.RACTERS. rzr,-FE,.PENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET. TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÉFiES PHONÉTIQUES. • REFERENcE IN ENGLISH — RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS Ao above PUBLISH ER —.ÉDITEUR PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMÉROS DES PAGES DANS DATE DE PUBLICATION L'ORIGINAL yauka Press 3 143 YEAR ISSUE NO. VOLUME ANNÉE NUMERO PLACE OF PUBLICATION NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES LIEU DE PUBLICATION NOMBRE DE-PAGES DAÇTYLOGRAPHIÉEs 195 (exclusive of Lenirw.rad IWR 1971 Bibliographmj REQUESTING DEPARTMENT Environment TRANSLATION BUREAU NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Lavna Coal Transshipment Terminal Gap-Analysis
    CONSTUCTION OF LAVNA COAL TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL (MURMANSK REGION, RUSSIAN FEDERATION) ESIA GAP ANALYSIS CONSTUCTION OF LAVNA COAL TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL (MURMANSK REGION, RUSSIAN FEDERATION) ESIA GAP ANALYSIS Prepared by: Ecoline Environmental Assessment Centre (Moscow, Russia) Director: Dr. Marina V. Khotuleva ___________________________ Tel./Fax: +7 495 951 65 85 Address: 21, Build.8, Bolshaya Tatarskaya, 115184, Moscow, Russian Federation Mobile: +7 903 5792099 e-mail: [email protected] Prepared for: Black Sea Trade and Development Bank (BSTDB) © Ecoline EA Centre NPP, 2018 CONSTUCTION OF LAVNA COAL TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL (MURMANSK REGION, RUSSIAN FEDERATION). ESIA GAP ANALYSIS REPORT DETAILS OF DOCUMENT PREPARATION AND ISSUE Version Prepared by Reviewed Authorised for Issue Date Description by issue 0 Dr. Marina Dr. Olga Dr. Marina 23/11/2018 Version for Khotuleva Demidova Khotuleva BSTDB’s Dr. Tatiana internal review Laperdina Anna Kuznetsova 3 CONSTUCTION OF LAVNA COAL TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL (MURMANSK REGION, RUSSIAN FEDERATION). ESIA GAP ANALYSIS REPORT LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BAT Best Available Techniques BREF BAT Reference Document BSTDB Black Sea Trade and Development Bank CLS Core Labour Standards CTS Conveyor transport system CTT Coal Transshipment Terminal E&S Environmental and Social EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EEC European Economic Council EES Environmental and Engineering Studies EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIB European Investment Bank EPC Engineering,
    [Show full text]
  • The European Union and the Barents Region
    The European Union and the Barents Region lt) (W) ........... v - . ww f () I '"../'::!")/-) -) U 'Ll7 n../c- V t./i ::I -, t../d' ~, <-?•'' )/ '1 What is the European Union? Growing from six Members States in 1952 to 15 by The European Commission, headed by 20 Commis­ 1995, the European Union today embraces more than sioners, is the motor of European integration. It 370 million people, from the Arctic Circle to Portugal , suggests the policies to be developed and also from Ireland to Crete. Though rich in diversity, the implements them. The Commission is the executive Member States share certain common values. By instrument of the European Union. It sees to it that the entering into partnership together, their aim is to Member States adequately apply the decisions taken promote democracy, peace, prosperity and a fairer and situates itself in the middle of the decision-making distribution of wealth. process of the European Union . The Members of the Commission operate with a clear distribution of tasks. After establishing a true frontier-free Europe by For example, Mr Hans van den Broek has overall eliminating the remaining barriers to trade among responsibility for external relations with European themselves, the Member States of t he European Countries and the New Independent States. Union have resolved to respond to the major economic and social challenges of the day - to The European Parliament represents the people of establish a common currency, boost employment and Europe. It examines law proposals and has the final strengthen Europe's role in world affairs. In so doing, word on the budget.
    [Show full text]
  • 2Ndexcurtion Day. August 22 TRIP to GIRVAS Shelekhova, T.S., Svetov
    2nd excurtion day. August 22 TRIP TO GIRVAS Shelekhova, T.S., Svetov, S.A., Medvedev, P.V. FIC KarRC RAS Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Centre, RAS, Petrozavodsk, Pushkinskaya str., 11, RUSSIA E-mail: [email protected] Stop 1. Sulazhgora (Sulazh Hill) glaciofluvial delta The delta is located in the northern environs of Petrozavodsk. Standing on the top of the hill, a visitor will enjoy a spectacular view of the Shuya Lowland (40-75 m.a.s.l.) and the Solomennoye denudation ridge (122m.a.s.l.). The delta consists dominantly of ca.40 m thick sandy, occasionally gravel sediments. In the southern part of the delta, deltaic sediments are covered by ablation till. The laminae dip at 15 to 40 degrees. The material was transported from west to east. This big delta evolved in Middle Dryas (Neva cold stage) - early Allerod time, when the ice front rimmed the northern and eastern slopes of the so-called Olonets denudation uplift at an altitude of 120-313 m.a.s.l. The Shuya Lowland was already ice-free at this time and was covered by meltwater from Shuya Ice Lake. The lake had an outlet to the east into Onega Ice Lake located in the southern part of modern Lake Onega and adjacent lowlands. Delta was formed between the ice front on the north and bedrock uplift on the south. It looks like a glaciofluvial terrace, 3 km in length and up to 2 km in width. The maximum altitude of the delta is 117 m.a.s.l. It shows the maximal level of Onega Ice Lake at this time.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Fulltext
    BRDEM-2019 International applied research conference «Biological Resources Development and Environmental Management» Volume 2020 Conference Paper Morphological and Genetic Variability of the Mass Whitefish Forms in Lake Onega Nikolay Ilmast1, Dmitry Sendek2, Elena Zuykova3, Nikolay Milyanchuk1, Denis Savosin1, Aleksandra Borisovskaya2, Maksim Alekseev4, and Nikolay Bochkarev3 1Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation 2State Research Institute on Lake and River Fisheries, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation 3Institute of Systematic and Ecology of Animals, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 4Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Murmansk, Russian Federation Abstract In Lake Onega, the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus has been shown to occur as a variety of forms. Medium- and sparsely-ranked whitefish are most abundant. Analysis of available data indicates that whitefish populations from Karelia's large lakes display Corresponding Author: the maximum values of various genetic variability indices. This fact seems to be due Nikolay Ilmast to the history of the colonization of the lake by the discrete evolutionary whitefish [email protected] lineages from various Late Quaternary habitats followed by their hybridization. A great Received: 24 December 2019 variety of Onega whitefish haplotypes is probably related to the genetic heterogeneity Accepted: 9 January 2020 of the whitefish who until recently had occurred as five ecological forms ranking as Published: 15 January 2020 subspecies. The median network obtained suggests that many of the populations studied have become less abundant. The well-defined ``star-like'' network structure is Publishing services provided by characteristic of populations that passed through a narrow ``bottleneck'' in the near Knowledge E past and then expanded rapidly, as indicated by the abundance of rare haplotype Nikolay Ilmast et al.
    [Show full text]
  • KAROL PIASECKI Szczecin the WHITE SEA POMORYE and ITS
    Studia Maritima, vol. XXII (2009) ISSN 0137-3587 KAROL PIASECKI Szczecin THE WHITE SEA POMORYE AND ITS INHABITANTS 1. The White Sea Pomorye owes its name to a group of Slavic settlers1 living mainly on the so-called Pomor Coast, i.e. a fragment of the White Sea coast be- tween the River Kem and Onega (Fig. 1). The present name of the White Sea became widespread at the beginning of the 17th century. Before that, the Slavic inhabitants of its coasts used a name Студеное Море, which means the Cold Sea, whereas on western maps, since the times of the reissue in 1568 of Claudius Ptole- my’s Geography, it appeared as Sinus Grandvicus (Granvicus, Grandvich). The name was taken from Norwegian sailors, for whom initially it probably meant the Western end of the Murmansk Coast.2 1 The term Pomors appeared for the first time in written sources in 1526, when: Поморцы с моря Океана из Кондолакской гyбы лросили вмесmе с лоплянамва yсmройства церкви. It functions quite commonly in the 16th century, both as a name of the inhabitants of the Pomor Coast, as well in the function of a proper name – I. Ul’janov: Strana Pomorja, 1984. From the second half of the 17th century, mainly because of Vasiliy Tatishchev, the author of the monumental Russian History, Pomorye was understood in three meanings: as 1) a territory of the White Sea coast from the Onega to the Kem, 2) the territory of the whole White Sea Coast, 3) the territory of the whole Russian North, including the provinces of Archangelsk, Vologda and Olonets.
    [Show full text]
  • INTACT FOREST LANDSCAPES of NORTHERN EUROPEAN RUSSIA
    Alexey Yu. Yaroshenko, Peter V. Potapov, Svetlana A. Turubanova The LAST INTACT FOREST LANDSCAPES of NORTHERN EUROPEAN RUSSIA Mapping of intact forest landscapes in northern European Russia using high-resolution satellite images — methods and results GREENPEACE RUSSIA AND GLOBAL FOREST WATCH With the support of the Biodiversity Conservation Center, the Socio-Ecological Union International and the Kola Branch of the Biodiversity Conservation Center The Last Intact Forest Landscapes of Northern European Russia Alexey Yu. Yaroshenko, Peter V. Potapov, Svetlana A. Turubanova - Moscow: Greenpeace Russia, 2001. - 75 pages. Scientific advisor: Professor Olga V. Smirnova, Doctor of Biological Sciences. Editor of English version: Lars Laestadius Reviewers: Per Angelstam, Associate Professor, Grimso Wildlife Research Station, Forest Faculty, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden. Alexander S. Isaev, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Center for Problems of Ecology and Productivity of Forests, Russia. Eric S. Kasischke, Associate Professor, Department of Geography, University of Maryland, USA. Olga N. Krankina, Oregon State University, USA. Vyacheslav V. Nikonov, Institute for Problems of Industrial Ecology of the North, Kola Scientific Center, Russia. Herman H. Shugart, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, USA. Vladimir V. Snakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Institute for Fundamental Problems of Biology, Russia. Mikhail N. Zhurba, Svetogorsk - International Paper, Russia. This work is the first attempt at identifying boreal forest areas of minimal human disturbance (intact) using high- resolution satellite imagery that allows most forms of disturbance in the natural ecosystems to be directly identified. The work was done at the GIS laboratory of Greenpeace Russia using, in part, materials prepared by the Biodiversity Conservation Center and the Socio-Ecological Union International.
    [Show full text]
  • “From Past to Present. Documenting Northwest Russia.” Armi Pekkala and Minna Turunen, University of Lapland, Arctic Centre
    1 Further information for the DVD “From Past to Present. Documenting Northwest Russia.” Armi Pekkala and Minna Turunen, University of Lapland, Arctic Centre * This presentation is based on the DVD made during the AFBARE project (Artic Documentary Films at Risk in Barents Region: Surveying, Protecting and Screening 2002-2006). Therefore, this article focuses on the livelihoods of the Murmansk Region, the Archangel Region and the Nenets Autonomous District. The themes presented here have emerged from the documentary film material used in producing the DVD. Contents Introduction...................................................................................................................2 Natural conditions....................................................................................................2 Population development ..........................................................................................6 History of administration......................................................................................11 Change in society in the Arctic Region ................................................................13 Livelihoods ..................................................................................................................15 Murmansk Region .................................................................................................15 General overview.................................................................................................15 Mining..................................................................................................................16
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Water Protection of Lake Onega
    Development of water protection of Lake Onega Victor Podsechin1, Ämer Bilaletdin1, Nikolai Filatov2, Tom Frisk1, Heikki Kaipainen1, Arkady Terzhevik2, Arto Paananen1, Heidi Vuoristo3 1Pirkanmaa Regional Environment Centre, POB 297, Tampere, Finland 2 Northern Water Problems Institute, Karelian Research Centre, RAS Ul. Aleksandra Nevskogo 50, 185003 Republic of Karelia, Russia 3 Finnish Environment Institute, 00125, Helsinki, Finland P I R K A N M A A R E G I O N A L E N V I R O N M E N T C E N T R E Northern Water Problems Institute KRC RAS The Development of Sanitation in Karelian villages. Tampere, January 28-29, 2008 Presentation outline: • General information • Classification of Lake Onega waters • Present total P loading on Lake Onega and its ”hot spots” • Effect of TP loading reduction on TP concentration in lake waters • Conclusions Lake Onega Lake Ladoga Drainage area 66 200 km2 260 000 km2 Lake surface area 9 900 km2 17 200 km2 Water volume 291 km3 900 km3 Max depth 120 m 230 m Mean depth 30 m 47 m Retention time 15 years 11 years Map of Lake Ladoga catchment (1 – Lake Ladoga immediate sub-catchment, 2 – River Svir and Lake Onega sub-catchment, 3 – River Vuoksa and Lake Saimaa sub-catchment, 4 - River Volkhov and Lake Ilmen sub-catchment). Catchment area of Lake Onega with sub-catchments Bathymetric map of Lake Onega (source: Northern Water Problems Institute, KRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia). 1 - Petrozavodsk bay, 2 – Kondopoga bay, 3 – Bolshaya bay Limit nutrients concentrations of the new Finnish classification scheme for the large slightly humic lake.
    [Show full text]