Israeli Violations' Activities in the Opt 19 October 2015
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The Purpose of This Paper Is to Assess Various Unilateral Evacuation
CONFIDENTIAL NOT FOR CIRCULATION MEMORANDUM TO: DR. SAEB ERAKAT FROM: NSU SETTLEMENTS FILE SUBJECT: PRE-PERMANENT STATUS SETTLEMENT EVACUATIONS (PART I): AN ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING PROPOSALS DATE: 30 APRIL 2006 The purpose of this paper is to assess various unilateral evacuation proposals put forth thus far, including Kadima’s “convergence” plan, and their implications for Palestinian interests. I. BACKGROUND Since the evacuation of some 8,500 Israeli settlers from Gaza and four small West Bank settlements as part of Sharon’s unilateral “disengagement” plan, there are growing indications that Israel may seek to carry out further settlement evacuations (as distinct from military withdrawals or redeployments) on a unilateral basis. While a negotiated settlement evacuation remains the preferred strategic option for Palestinians, the growing acceptability of Israeli unilateralism in Israel and abroad suggests that Palestinians may be forced to prepare for the possibility of further disengagement-type evacuations prior to (or instead of) permanent status negotiations, most likely in the context of a “state with provisional borders”. Many in Israel and elsewhere appear to view further unilateral settlement evacuations with increasing favor, particularly if Israeli and/or international confidence in the PA continues to wane. A recent poll shows that a slight majority of Israelis (51%) would favor further unilateral ‘disengagement-type’ evacuations by Israel in the event of the Palestinian leadership’s inability to negotiate or deliver a permanent status deal.1 Indeed, Israeli and international support for unilateralism may now be even higher following Hamas’s recent election victory. A number of unilateral evacuation proposals have already been put forward since the Gaza evacuation, by both the Israeli “left” and “center”. -
A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution WATCH
HUMAN RIGHTS A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution WATCH A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution Copyright © 2021 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-900-1 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org APRIL 2021 ISBN: 978-1-62313-900-1 A Threshold Crossed Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution Map .................................................................................................................................. i Summary ......................................................................................................................... 2 Definitions of Apartheid and Persecution ................................................................................. -
Court Sitting As the High Court of Justice
Disclaimer : The following is a non-binding translation of the original Hebrew document. It is provided by Hamoked: Center for the Defence of the Individual for information purposes only. The original Hebrew prevails in any case of discrepancy. While every effort has been made to ensure its accuracy, HaMoked is not liable for the proper and complete translation nor does it accept any liability for the use of, reliance on, or for any errors or misunderstandings that may derive from the English translation. For queries about the translation please contact [email protected] HCJ 390/79 ‘Izzat Muhammad Mustafa Duweikat et 16 al. v. 1. Government of Israel 2. Minister of Defense 3. Military Commander for the Judea and Samaria Area 4. Nablus District Military Commander 5. Felix Menahem 6. Shvut Avraham At the Supreme Court Sitting as the High Court of Justice (September 6, 1979, September 13, 1979, September 14, 1979, September 19, 1979, October 3, 1979, October 22, 1979) Before Vice-President M. Landau and Justices A. Witkon, S. Asher, M. Ben-Porat, D. Bechor Objection to the order nisi dated 25 Nissan 5739 (June 20, 1979) A. Hury - on behalf of petitioners 1-16; G. Bach, State Attorney – on behalf of respondents 1-4 A. Zichroni, A. Feldman – on behalf of petitioner 17 R. Cohen, M. Simon – on behalf of respondents 5-6 Judgment Vice-President (Landau) In this petition we must review the question of the legality of establishing a civilian community (a settlement) in Elon Moreh, on the outskirts of the city of Nablus, on land privately owned by Arab residents. -
Camp David's Shadow
Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 © 2015 Seth Anziska All rights reserved ABSTRACT Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska This dissertation examines the emergence of the 1978 Camp David Accords and the consequences for Israel, the Palestinians, and the wider Middle East. Utilizing archival sources and oral history interviews from across Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, the United States, and the United Kingdom, Camp David’s Shadow recasts the early history of the peace process. It explains how a comprehensive settlement to the Arab-Israeli conflict with provisions for a resolution of the Palestinian question gave way to the facilitation of bilateral peace between Egypt and Israel. As recently declassified sources reveal, the completion of the Camp David Accords—via intensive American efforts— actually enabled Israeli expansion across the Green Line, undermining the possibility of Palestinian sovereignty in the occupied territories. By examining how both the concept and diplomatic practice of autonomy were utilized to address the Palestinian question, and the implications of the subsequent Israeli and U.S. military intervention in Lebanon, the dissertation explains how and why the Camp David process and its aftermath adversely shaped the prospects of a negotiated settlement between Israelis and Palestinians in the 1990s. In linking the developments of the late 1970s and 1980s with the Madrid Conference and Oslo Accords in the decade that followed, the dissertation charts the role played by American, Middle Eastern, international, and domestic actors in curtailing the possibility of Palestinian self-determination. -
Nablus Governorate
'Ajja 'Anza Sanur Sir Deir al Ghusun ARAB STUDIES SOCIETY Land Suitability for Rangeland - Nablus Governorate Meithalun 'Aqqaba Land Research Center Al Jarushiya This study is implemented by: Tayasir Land RSesHeaUrcWh CEeInKteAr - LRC Sa Nur Evacuated Al Judeida Bal'a Siris Funded by: Iktaba Al 'Attara Al FandaqumiyaJaba' The Italian Cooperation Tubas District Camp Tulkarm Silat adh Dhahr Maskiyyot Administrated by: January 2010 TulkarmDhinnaba Homesh Evacuated United Nations Development Program UNDP / P'APnPabta Bizzariya GIS & Mapping Unit WWW.LRCJ.ORG Burqa Supervised by: Kafr al Labad Yasid Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture Beit Imrin El Far'a Camp Ramin Far'un'Izbat Shufa Avnei Hefetz Enav Tammun Jenin Wadi al Far'a Shufa Sabastiya Talluza Tulkarm Tubas Beit Lid Shavei Shomron Al Badhan Qalqiliya Nablus Ya'arit Deir Sharaf Al 'Aqrabaniya Ar Ras 'Asira ash Shamaliya Roi Salfit Zawata SalitKafr Sur An Nassariya Beqaot Qusin Beit Iba Elon Moreh Jericho Ramallah Kedumim Zefon Beit Wazan Kafr JammalKafr Zibad Giv'at HaMerkaziz 'Azmut Kafr 'Abbush Kafr Qaddum Nablus 'Askar Camp Deir al Hatab Jerusalem Kedumim Sarra Salim Hajja Jit Balata Camp Bethlehem Jayyus Tell Zufin Bracha Hamra Qalqiliya Immatin Kafr QallilRujeib Beit Dajan Hebron Burin 'Asira al Qibliya 'Azzun Karne Shomron Beit Furik Alfei Menashe Ginnot ShomeronNeve Oramin Yizhar Itamar (including Itamar1,2,3,4) Habla Ma'ale Shamron Immanuel 'Awarta Mekhora Al Jiftlik 'Urif East Yizhar , Roads, Caravans, & Infrastructure Kafr Thulth Nofim Yakir Huwwara 'Einabus Beita Zamarot -
Israel's Religious Right and the Question Of
ISRAEL’S RELIGIOUS RIGHT AND THE QUESTION OF SETTLEMENTS Middle East Report N°89 – 20 July 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. NATIONAL-RELIGIOUS FRAGMENTATION AND RADICALISATION............ 3 III. THE TIME OF THE ULTRA-ORTHODOX............................................................... 12 IV. JEWISH ACTIVIST TOOLS ........................................................................................ 17 A. RHETORIC OR REALITY? ............................................................................................................17 B. INSTITUTIONAL LEVERAGE ........................................................................................................17 1. Political representation...............................................................................................................17 2. The military................................................................................................................................20 3. Education ...................................................................................................................................24 C. A PARALLEL SYSTEM ................................................................................................................25 V. FROM CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE TO VIOLENCE .................................................... -
Imagining the Border
A WAshington institute str Ategic r eport Imagining the Border Options for Resolving the Israeli-Palestinian Territorial Issue z David Makovsky with Sheli Chabon and Jennifer Logan A WAshington institute str Ategic r eport Imagining the Border Options for Resolving the Israeli-Palestinian Territorial Issue z David Makovsky with Sheli Chabon and Jennifer Logan All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2011 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Published in 2011 in the United States of America by the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1050, Washington, DC 20036. Design by Daniel Kohan, Sensical Design and Communication Front cover: President Barack Obama watches as Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu and Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas shake hands in New York, September 2009. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak) Map CREDITS Israeli settlements in the Triangle Area and the West Bank: Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, 2007, 2008, and 2009 data Palestinian communities in the West Bank: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2007 data Jerusalem neighborhoods: Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies, 2008 data Various map elements (Green Line, No Man’s Land, Old City, Jerusalem municipal bounds, fences, roads): Dan Rothem, S. Daniel Abraham Center for Middle East Peace Cartography: International Mapping Associates, Ellicott City, MD Contents About the Authors / v Acknowledgments / vii Settlements and Swaps: Envisioning an Israeli-Palestinian Border / 1 Three Land Swap Scenarios / 7 Maps 1. -
The Israeli Settlements in the West Bank Territory Before and After the Peace Process
THE ISRAELI SETTLEMENTS IN THE WEST BANK TERRITORY BEFORE AND AFTER THE PEACE PROCESS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY EMRE YÜKSEK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MIDDLE EAST STUDIES JANUARY 2010 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences _____________________ Prof. Dr. Sencer AYATA Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. _____________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Recep BOZTEMUR Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. _____________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa ŞEN Supervisor Examining Committee Members Assoc. Prof. Dr. Recep BOZTEMUR (METU,HIST) __________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa ŞEN (METU,SOC) __________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ceylan TOKLUOĞLU (METU,SOC) __________________ ii I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Emre YÜKSEK Signature: iii ABSTRACT ISRAELI SETTLEMENTS IN THE WEST BANK TERRITORY BEFORE AND AFTER THE PEACE PROCESS Yüksek, Emre M. S., Middle East Studies Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa ŞEN January 2010, 199 pages This thesis analyzes the development of the settlement policies of Israel in the West Bank territory by focusing on the incentives of them with factors of change and continuity before and after the peace process. -
Land Confiscation and Denial of Use October 2017
FFORCEDORCED P POOPPULATIONULATION TTRANSFER:: TTHEHE CCASEASE O OFF P PALESTINEALESTINE LLANDAND CCONFISONFISCCATION AND DDENIAENIALL OFOF UUSESE WorkingWorking Paper Paper No. No. 21 21 This Series of Working Papers on forced population transfer constitutes a digestible overview of the forced displacement of Palestinians as a historic, yet ongoing process, which detrimentally affects the daily life of Palestinians and threatens their national existence. The Series utilizes an inclusive interpretation of the human rights-based approach, emphasizing that obligations under international law must supersede political considerations. Outlining the nuances and the broader implications of forced population transfer requires BADIL بـديـــــل careful scrutiny of Israeli policies aimed BADILResource Center المركز بـديـــــلالفلسطيني for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights Resource Center لمصـادر املركز حقـوق المواطنـة الفلسطينيوالـالجئيـن ,at forcibly transferring Palestinians for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights ملصـادر حقـــوق املواطنـة October 2017 والـالجئيـن and their role in the overall system of suppression in Palestine. October 2017 Editors: Lubnah Shomali and Amaya al-Orzza. Research: Lana Ramadan, Elsa Koehler, Lisa Auer, Cathrine Abuamsha, Granya Tiernan. Copy-edit: Anna Ty. Design and Layout: Atallah Salem ISBN: 978-9950-339-45-3 All rights reserved © BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights Forced Population Transfer: The Case of Palestine - Land Confiscation and Denial of Use October 2017 Credit and Notations To honor anonymity and protect the victims, in some cases their names have been omitted and information regarding their locations have been changed. Many thanks to all who have supported BADIL Resource Center throughout this research project and in particular to all interview partners who provided the foundation for this publication. -
Expel and Exploit: the Israeli Practice of Taking Over Rural Palestinian Land
Expel and Exploit: The Israeli Practice of Taking over Rural Palestinian Land btselem.org/publications/summaries/201612_expel_and_exploit Summary, Dec. 2016 This report tells the history of the process of fragmentation imposed on Palestinian rural land in the West Bank through a case study of three villages in the Nablus District – ‘Azmut, Deir al-Hatab and Salem. What these communities have experienced since 1980, when Israel established the Elon Moreh nearby, is but one illustration of broader developments taking place throughout the West Bank. Their story is similar to that of hundreds of Palestinian communities on whose lands Israeli settlements were established. Like many Palestinian villages, ‘Azmut, Deir al-Hatab and Salem developed in keeping with the geographical features of the area. Farmland, pasture and natural water sources serves as the mainstays of the local economy and as the basis for the formation of an entire culture that ties the residents deeply to their surroundings. The villagers employed mostly traditional dryland farming, cultivating olives and fruit trees, legumes and grains. They also raised livestock, relying on natural pasture stretching across the hilly expanses of al-Jabal al-Kbir (literally: The Big Mountain) and the surrounding valleys. For hundreds of years, the villagers largely subsisted off farming and shepherding. Since the 1967 occupation, Israel has employed various measures – official and otherwise – to cut off the villagers from their land and hand it over to settlers. The first step was the 1980 establishment of the Elon Moreh settlement on 127.8 hectares (1,278 dunams) of village land already registered as government property under the pre-1967 Jordanian rule. -
Israel's Religious Right and the Question of Settlements
ISRAEL’S RELIGIOUS RIGHT AND THE QUESTION OF SETTLEMENTS Middle East Report N°89 – 20 July 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. NATIONAL-RELIGIOUS FRAGMENTATION AND RADICALISATION............ 3 III. THE TIME OF THE ULTRA-ORTHODOX............................................................... 12 IV. JEWISH ACTIVIST TOOLS ........................................................................................ 17 A. RHETORIC OR REALITY? ............................................................................................................17 B. INSTITUTIONAL LEVERAGE ........................................................................................................17 1. Political representation...............................................................................................................17 2. The military................................................................................................................................20 3. Education ...................................................................................................................................24 C. A PARALLEL SYSTEM ................................................................................................................25 V. FROM CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE TO VIOLENCE .................................................... -
Gaza Strip West Bank
Afula MAP 1: Land Swap Option 1 Zububa Umm Rummana Al-Fahm Mt. Gilboa Land Swap: Israeli to Palestinian At-Tayba Silat Al-Harithiya Al Jalama Anin Arrana Beit Shean Land Swap: Palestinian to Israeli Faqqu’a Al-Yamun Umm Hinanit Kafr Dan Israeli settlements Shaked Al-Qutuf Barta’a Rechan Al-Araqa Ash-Sharqiya Jenin Jalbun Deir Abu Da’if Palestinian communities Birqin 6 Ya’bad Kufeirit East Jerusalem Qaffin Al-Mughayyir A Chermesh Mevo No Man’s Land Nazlat Isa Dotan Qabatiya Baqa Arraba Ash-Sharqiya 1967 Green Line Raba Misiliya Az-Zababida Zeita Seida Fahma Kafr Ra’i Illar Mechola Barrier completed Attil Ajja Sanur Aqqaba Shadmot Barrier under construction B Deir Meithalun Mechola Al-Ghusun Tayasir Al-Judeida Bal’a Siris Israeli tunnel/Palestinian Jaba Tubas Nur Shams Silat overland route Camp Adh-Dhahr Al-Fandaqumiya Dhinnaba Anabta Bizzariya Tulkarem Burqa El-Far’a Kafr Yasid Camp Highway al-Labad Beit Imrin Far’un Avne Enav Ramin Wadi Al-Far’a Tammun Chefetz Primary road Sabastiya Talluza Beit Lid Shavei Shomron Al-Badhan Tayibe Asira Chemdat Deir Sharaf Roi Sources: See copyright page. Ash-Shamaliya Bekaot Salit Beit Iba Elon Moreh Tire Ein Beit El-Ma Azmut Kafr Camp Kafr Qaddum Deir Al-Hatab Jammal Kedumim Nablus Jit Sarra Askar Salim Camp Chamra Hajja Tell Balata Tzufim Jayyus Bracha Camp Beit Dajan Immatin Kafr Qallil Rujeib 2 Burin Qalqiliya Jinsafut Asira Al Qibliya Beit Furik Argaman Alfe Azzun Karne Shomron Yitzhar Itamar Mechora Menashe Awarta Habla Maale Shomron Immanuel Urif Al-Jiftlik Nofim1 Kafr Thulth Huwwara 3 Yakir Einabus