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Documeht RESUMF ED 285 291 EA 019 647 AUTHOR Popper, Samuel DOCUMEhT RESUMF ED 285 291 EA 019 647 AUTHOR Popper, Samuel H. TITLE Pathways to the Humanities in Educational Administration. INSTITUTION University Council for Educational Administration, Tempe, AZ. PUB DATE 87 NOTE 130p. PUB TYPE Viewpoints (120) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Administrative Principles; *Administrator Education; Art History; Culture; *Educational Administration; Higher Education; 9istory; *Humanities Instruction; *Interdisciplinary Approach; Leadership; Liberal Arts; Literary Criticism; Literature Appreciation; Mythology; Organizational Communication; Philosophy IDENTIFIERS Anouilh (Jean); Barnard' (Chester); Dante (Alighieri); Jefferson (Thomas); Sophocles; University Council for Educational Administration; Zeitgeist ABSTRACT Based on the author's own experience as a professor of educational administration, this monograph is an argument for establishing a link between the humanities and instruction in school administration. Part I discusses the instrumental value of the humanities in administrative preparation and recounts the limitations of past attempts by the University Council for Educational Administration (UCEA) to incorporate the humanities. Part II is a discourse entitled "Chester Barnard's Conception of Authority Considered in the Context of Sophocles' Antigone' as adapted by Jean Anouilh." Part III is entitled "Dante's 'De Monarchia': An Early Italian Renaissance Backdrop for Thinking about Thomas Jefferson's 'Wall of Separation' Metaphor." Part IV discusses art and artists in their role as imagemakers of a zeitgeist and concludes by emphasizing the importance of cultural sensitivity in institutional leadership. The final part, entitled "Clio's Footprints in the Textbook Literature of Educational Administration," discusses the significance of historiography for understanding thematic trends in the development of textbooks on educational administration. An extensive bibliography is included. (TE) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** Itac; As, U.R.DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION r Office of Educational Research and Improvement';71 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY CENTER (ERIC) . This document has been reproduced as seemed from the person or organization 7 S'rr originatingit. Minor changes have been made to improve F r-1 reproduction quality e Points of view or opinions stated in this door- Cl ment do not necessarily represent official A TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES OERI position or policy C1 INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) - Le1 , /: At, v6 ,../ : CC) F s ; YF CF'1"4','c ; ( 11' Fr Al;ALVS _ .9, ... .v ? IIE UMAN v-m7virPorivr-ri 71\r tt! .tAi 1 Ns14. A 'T OKY S 1411 ) scoVIA 'pc AL 7' EL At;ALI Q.5..i1.11 Alaaasea4-.0. , 'N1 Vg 7.1r i -;-riCY MA t 0,6 _ - CCAtt )hti. ftifiRircati qak-Administradditt 4. , 411.-41nr, 7 O ;1. 1 A.0 Asc. s ""fr ding z .1 S'1 COPYAVAiLABlt, ri PATHWAYS TO THE HUMANITIES IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION Samuel H. Popper Department of Educational Policy and Administration University of Minnesota homo sum: hutnani nil a me alienum puto Terence C) Copyright 1985, 1987 by the University Council for EducationalAdministration, 116 Farmer Building, Tempe, AZ 85287. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgements for permission to reprint selections from copyrightedmaterial are as follows: Lines from Dante Alighieri. De Monarchia in P. H. Wicksteed,A Translation of the Latin Works of Dante. Copyright 1929 by The TempleClassics, London, Aldine House. Used by permission of J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London. Lines from John Ciardi. "Manner of Speaking," iaturdayReview, 55:15 (8 April 1972). Used by permission of the publisher. Lines from Jean Anouilh.Antigone, in E. Bra, Bee Watson & Benfield Presseyeds., Contemporary Drama: Eleven Plays. Copyright 1"56by Charles Scribner's Sons. Used by permission of the publisher. Lines from Chester Barnard.The Functions of the Executive.Copyright 1938, copyright 1968 by The President and Fellows ofHarvard College, copyright 1966 by Grace F. Noera Barnard. Reprinted by permission. Anonymous. "The Vicar of Bray," in Louis Kronenberger,ed., An Anthology of Light Verse. Copyright 1935 by The Modern Library. Usedby permission of Random House, Inc. Lines from Sophocles: The Complete GreekTragedies, vol. 3, translated by Elizabeth Wyckoff.Copyright 1954 by The Modern Library.Used by permission of Random House, Inc. Lines from F.S.C. Northrop.The Logic of the Sciences and the Humanities. Copyright 1963 by The World Publishing Company.Used by permission of the author. Lines from Charles Nordhoff and James Hall. Mutinyon the Bounty. Copyright 1932 by Little, Brown, and Company. Used by permission ofthe publisher. Extracts from Sidney Lawrence. A lecture entitled"Pablo Picasso: Twentieth Century Man? Used by permission of Anne Lawrence. 4 In Memory of Sidney Lawrence "Ein voller Becher Weins zur rechten Zeit Ist mehr wert, als alle Reiche dieser Erde!" Gustav Mahler, Das Lied von der Erde Author's Preface Pathways to the Humanities has been germinating inmy thoughts since the early 1960s when I served on a UCEA Task Force on Interdisciplinary Content.I was at the time also reading extensively in the philosophy of aesthetics.John Dewey's Art as Experience I had read before.Upon rereading it then in conjunction with F. S. C. Northrop's The Logic of the Sciences and the Humanities; actuallymy first encounter with Northrop's philosophical ideas,I became convinced, as Jack Culbertson was already, that the humanities also ought to be explored for usable "interdisciplinary content" in administrative preparation. It was my intent at the time to write on the subject for publication, butsomehow there was always something else on my agenda whicn requiredmore immediate attention and time. Then, when Jack was about to leave UCEA service,he prepared a detailed memorandum for the file in which, under "unfinished business,"he urged continued UCEA initiativesinthe humanities. CharlesWillis,hissuccessoras Executive Director of UCEA, was responsive and within severalmonths after he had taken office I had my first contact with him. We were ofone mina that the time was right for a renewal of the UCEA effort in the humanities. My biggest challenge in the writing of Pathwayswas in the selection of relevant material from the humanities.There was so much to choose from and whatwas selected had to be compatible with my purpose.I had intended at first, as an example, to use Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman in a section on the motivationalvalue of mythology in social organization, but decided to go with Sophocles' Antigoneinstead because of its larger capacity to demonstrate the instrumental valueof the humanities in administrative preparation, which, after all,was central to my purpose. Both plays depict with dramatic impact the sanctioning forceof mythology in the universal human situation.For Willy Loman, the salesman,itis the Horatio Alger myth and for Antigone itisthe mythology in Hesiod's Theogonv.But Sophocles' Anti one is also a play about moral constraints inthe use of normative power and, therefore, it seemed to me better suited fora section on Chester Barnard's conception of "authority." Moreover, Antigone afforded me also the opportunityto draw idiomatically for the aesthetic riches in Greek classicalantiquity by means of Jean Anouilh's free-style adaptation ofit. Perhaps some future enlarged edition of Pathways will include a section on the importance of heroicmythology in social organization. My hope is that Pathways will motivate others in EducationalAdministration to find their own pathways to the humanities.Indeed, as the reader will note, the definite article "the" is not in the title.Not only are there other pathwaysto the humanities, but also pathways to the performingarts that ought tc be explored. Richard Wagner's tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungeb forone illustrationin the performing arts,is myth-based music drama on the grand scale.In it, the "chief executiveofficer"ofaGodhead domain--Wotan--findshisexecutivecapacity disastrously ensnared in moral transgressions of hisown making.Wagnei's libretti of Der Ring des Nibelung, incidentally, are available in English translation. Several of the methods in Pathways which Iurge for bringing the humanities to C ii EducationJ Administration have been uscd with telling success at the University of Minnesota. Some of these I feel ought to be noted here. The Art Museum of the University of Minnesota, a first-rate teaching collection, has provided my seminar in applied humanism ready accessto masterpieces of nineteenth and twentieth-century American art. Likewise, colleagues in the Department of Art History have been willing collaborators.It was my late friend Sidney Lawrence who was the first of several art historians to join with me in formal instruction. I found willing collaborators also among colleagues in the Classics Department. Professors Robert P. Sonkowsky and Helen Moritz, both in Classics, and I wrotea proposal for the University of Minnesota Educational Development Program in 1972 and we received a substantial grant to develop a graduate-level applied humanities seminar which is now cross-listed between the Departments of Educational Administration and Classics. A small grant from the Minnesota Humanities Commission, in1978, enabled Professor Jeremiah Reedy,
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