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19Chronology of Works in Aesthetics and Philosophy Of Chronology of 19 Works in Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art Darren Hudson Hick Notes on Selection This chronology, as with this Companion as a whole, focuses on those works that contribute to the Western tradition of aesthetics, and, beginning in the twentieth century, in the analytic current of thought within that tradition (as opposed to the Continental one). As with the history of Western philosophy in general, the study of philosophical problems in art and beauty dates back to the ancient period, and is infl uenced by the major philosophical and cultural move- ments through the centuries. Much of what survives from the ancient to the post-Hellenistic period does so in fragments or references. In cases where only fragments or references exist, and where dating these is especially problematic, the author or attributed author and (where available) his dates of birth and death are listed. Where works have not survived even as fragments, these are not listed. As well, much of what sur- vives up to the medieval period is diffi cult to date, and is at times of disputable attribution. In these cases, whatever information is available is listed. Aesthetics in the period between the ancients and the medievals tends to be dominated by adherence to Platonic, Aristotelian, and other theories rooted in the ancient period, and as such tends to be generally lacking in substantive the- oretical advancements. And while still heavily infl uenced by ancient thinking, works from the medieval period tend also to be heavily infl uenced by religious thinking, and so many issues pertaining to art and aesthetics are intertwined with issues of religion as “theological aesthetics.” Movements in art theory and aes- thetics in the Renaissance, meanwhile, were largely advanced by working artists, and so tend to be couched in observational or pedagogical approaches, rather than strictly theoretical ones. As such, in these periods and others, works selected for inclusion in this chronology are those that either focus largely on issues of aes- thetics or art theory, or those that, while not focused specifi cally on these topics, have nevertheless been infl uential in the tradition of Western aesthetics. philosophy.ribeiro.continuumbooks.com © Anna Christina Ribeiro (eds) (2012) The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics London: Continuum Books The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics It is in the eighteenth century that Western aesthetics cements itself as a dis- cipline, and philosophers begin to focus their efforts. As such, we fi nd in this period a concerted effort to build what might be called “pure” aesthetics and philosophy of art, at least conceptually distinct from the concerns to which the study had been largely directed in preceding centuries. Given the great prolif- eration of aesthetics literature from the nineteenth to the twenty-fi rst century, some care has been taken to select from among works published in the con- temporary period those that have proven to be particularly infl uential in the tradition. Any chronology of aesthetics will, of necessity, be selective, and may leave out fi gures or works which some would argue are especially important to the history of aesthetics. Throughout the chronology, titles of non-English works appear in their orig- inal languages, except in such cases where English translations of titles have become standard. My thanks especially to Jeanette Bicknell, Raphael DeClercq, Sherri Irvin, John Kulvicki, Jerrold Levinson, Paisley Livingston, Joshua Preiss, and Anna Christina Ribeiro for their very helpful suggestions in the creation of this chronology. Fifth Century BCE As Western philosophy is born in Classical Greece, so too is the philosophy of art. Both Plato and Aristotle develop robust theories of art, but many thinkers of the Classical and Hellenistic periods make contributions, though often combined with rhetoric and mathematics. Democritus (c. 460–370 BCE), fragments Polyclitus, Canon (fragments) (date uncertain, probably third quarter of fi fth century BCE) Anonymous, Dissoi Logoi or Dialexeis (c. 400 BCE) Fourth Century BCE Aristoxenus, Elementa Harmonica (fourth century BCE) Xenocrates of Chalcedon (c. 396–314 BCE), fragments Plato, Hippias Major (c. 390 BCE) Plato, Gorgias (c. 388 BCE) Plato, Symposium (c. 385 BCE) Isocrates, Panegyricus (c. 380 BCE) Plato, Ion (c. 380 BCE) philosophy.ribeiro.continuumbooks.com © Anna Christina Ribeiro (eds) (2012) The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics London: Continuum Books Chronology of Works in Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art Xenophon, Memorabilia (or Commentarii) (date uncertain, probably after 371 BCE) Plato, Phaedrus (c. 370 BCE) Plato, The Laws (c. 360 BCE) Plato, The Republic (c. 360 BCE) Aristotle, Metaphysics (c. 350 BCE) Aristotle, Poetics (c. 350 BCE) Aristotle, De Sensu (c. 350 BCE) Aristotle, Rhetoric (c. 322 BCE) Epicurus (341–270 BCE), fragments Zeno (c. 334–262 BCE), fragments Cleanthes (c. 330–230 BCE), fragments Third Century BCE Theophrastus (c. 381–287 BCE), On Style (fragments) (probably third century BCE) Neoptolemus of Parium (third century BCE), fragments Chrysippus (c. 280–207 BCE), fragments Second Century BCE From the post-Hellenistic period through the medieval period, a substantial amount of art-theoretical work is produced, with particular efforts by Cicero (fi rst century), Lucian of Samosata (second century), and St. Augustine (fourth century). In large part, however, work produced in these periods is heavily dominated by Platonic and Aristotelian principles. Crates of Mallos (second century BCE), fragments Diogenes of Babylon (c. 230–150 BCE), fragments Aristarchus of Samothrace (c. 220–145 BCE), fragments Posidonius (c. 135–51 BCE), fragments Dionysius Thrax (attributed), Art of Grammar (second century BCE) First Century BCE Philodemus of Garada, On Music (between 70–40 BCE) Philodemus of Garada, On Poems (fragments) (between 70–40 BCE) Cicero, Orator ad M. Brutum (c. 46 BCE) philosophy.ribeiro.continuumbooks.com © Anna Christina Ribeiro (eds) (2012) The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics London: Continuum Books The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics Cicero, De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum (c. 45 BCE) Cicero, De Natura Deorum (c. 45 BCE) Cicero, De Offi ciis (c. 44 BCE) Cicero, Topica (c. 44 BCE) Horace, Ars Poetica (c. 18 BCE) Dionysius of Halicarnassus, On Imitation (fragments) (late fi rst century BCE) Anonymous, Tractatus Coislinianus (date uncertain, possibly as early as fi rst century BCE) First Century CE Pseudo-Longinus, On the Sublime (probably fi rst century CE) Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, De Architectura (The Ten Books on Architecture) (fi rst century CE) Seneca the Elder, Controversiae (early fi rst century CE) Seneca the Elder, Seusoriae (early fi rst century CE) Pliny the Elder, Historia Naturalis (c. 77 CE) Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria (c. 95 CE) Plutarch, De Audiendis Poetis (late fi rst century CE) Plutarch, Quaestiones Convivales (late fi rst century CE) Dio Chrysostom, Orations (late fi rst and early second century CE) Second Century CE Sextus Empiricus, Adversus Mathematicos (probably second century CE) Lucian of Samosata (attributed), Charidemus (probably second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, Bis Accusatus Sive Tribunalia (second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, Calumniae non Temere Credendum (second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, De Parasito (second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, De Saltatione (second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, Pro Imaginibus (second century CE) Lucian of Samosata, Prometheus es in Verbis (second century CE) Ptolemy, Harmonics (second century CE) Third Century CE Demetrius, On Style (probably third century CE) Plotinus, The Six Enneads (c. 250–270 CE) Philostratus the Elder, Imagines (third century CE) philosophy.ribeiro.continuumbooks.com © Anna Christina Ribeiro (eds) (2012) The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics London: Continuum Books Chronology of Works in Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art Aristides Quintilianus, On Music (late third or early fourth century BCE) Fourth Century CE Philostratus the Younger, Imagines (c. 300 CE) Callistratus, Imagines (probably fourth century CE) St. Augustine of Hippo, De Pulchro et Apto (c. 380 CE) St. Augustine of Hippo, De Ordine (387 CE) St. Augustine of Hippo, De Musica (389 CE) St. Augustine of Hippo, De Vera Religione (391 CE) St. Augustine of Hippo, Confessiones (397–401 CE) Fifth Century CE Proclus, Commentary on the Timaeus of Plato (c. 439 CE) Proclus, Commentary on the First Alcibiades of Plato (fi fth century CE) Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, On the Divine Names (probably late fi fth century CE) Sixth Century CE Manlius Severinus Boethius, De Institutione Musica (c. 500–510 CE) Cassiodorus, De Artibus ac Disciplinis Liberalium Litterarum (c. 560 CE) St. Isidore of Seville, Differentiae (c. 598 CE) St. Isidore of Seville, Sententiae (probably late sixth century CE) Seventh Century CE Aldhelm, De Septenario, et de Metris, Aenigmatibus ac Pedum Regulis (seventh century CE) St. Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae (written c. 622–623 CE, published c. 636 CE) Eighth Century CE In the eighth century, Byzantine Emperor Leo III begins the iconoclast movement, and the controversy over heretical art spurs substantial discussion on the nature of art lasting well into the eleventh century. Throughout philosophy.ribeiro.continuumbooks.com © Anna Christina Ribeiro (eds) (2012) The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics London: Continuum Books The Continuum Companion to Aesthetics the medieval period, concerns with art tend to remain intertwined with religion. St. John Damascene, On
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