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Gasteria (Břichatka)

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Gasteria (Břichatka) Gasteria (Břichatka) čeleď: Asphodelaceae Pochází z jižní Afriky. Je podobný i příbuzný druhu Aloe a Haworthia . Rodové jméno je odvozené řeckého slova gaster = břicho. Má dužnaté tuhé listy. V mládí zpravidla vyrůstají párovitě vstřícně a v dospělosti se roztáčejí do spirály. Podle jejich vzhledu se jim říká Čertův jazyk. Kvete drobnými květy na stonku. Velou sbírku naleznete v Liberecké botanické zahradě. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Little Warty' Kupodivu vysloveně nepotřebují nezbytně plné slunce, ale dokáží prosperovat i v polostínu až stíhnu. Dobře snáší i suchý vzduch. Substrát postačí dobře propustný, ideálně štěrkovitý nebo písčitý opatřený dobrou drenáží. Zálivka musí být malá, jinak hrozí uhnívání. Nejnižší teplota kterou jsou schopné vydržet je 5 - 8°C. Množí se odnožemi nebo vrcholovými řízky. Gasteria acinacifolia synonyma: Aloe acinacifolia, Aloe acinacifolia var. minor, Aloe candicans, Aloe ensifolia, Aloe nitens , Aloe pluripunctata, Aloe venusta, G. acinacifolia var. ensifolia, G. acinacifolia var. nitens, G. acinacifolia var. pluripunctata, G. acinacifolia var. venusta, G. candicans, G. ensifolia, G. fuscopunctata, G. huttoniae, G. inexpectata, G. linita, G. lutzii, G. nitens, G. pluripunctata, G. venusta oblasti: Malta, Střední středozemí, Středozemí Gasteria armstrongii (Břichatka Armstrongova) oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR), Kapsko, Východní Kapsko Pochází z JAR. V přírodě je zpravidla velmi tvrdá a z části schovaná pod částečkami z okolního substrátu. Vyhovuje mu suchý dobře propustný substrát na plném slunci. Gasteria batesiana oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z Jihoafrické Republiky. Průměr růžice dosahuje rozmezí 8 - 30cm. Povrch je pokrytý červenými nebo bílými bradavičkami. Kvete červenozelenými květy na 30 - 45cm stonku. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. batesiana - var. dolomitica - 'Liliputana' Množí se odnožemi. Mladé listy vyrůstají vstřícně, později se začnou roztáčet ve spirále. Gasteria baylissiana oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z Jihoafrické Republiky. Tučné listy jsou vždy usporádány vstřícně v jedné ploše. Jejich délka dosahuje 5,5cm a šířka u stonku 2 - 2,5cm. Povrch je tmavě zelený a je pokrytý vylkým množstvím bílých bradaviček. Kvete červenými květy na 8 - 35cm stonku. Množí se odnožemi. Gasteria bicolor oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z JAR. Má tmavězelené listy s bílými fleky. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. bicolor - var. liliputana - listy vyrůstají vstřícně a postupně se roztáčejí do spirály, délka listů nepřesahuje 3cm, kvete červenými květy na 10cm stonku - 'Variegate' Množí se odnožemi. Gasteria brachyphylla synonyma: Aloe brachyphylla, Aloe pseudonigricans, Aloe subnigricans, Aloe subnigricans var. canaliculata, G. angustiarum, G. fasciata var. laxa, G. fasciata var. polyspila, G. joubertii, G. nigricans var. marmorata, G. nigricans var. platyphylla, G. nigricans var. polyspila, G. subnigricans, G. subnigricans var. canaliculata, G. subnigricans var. glabrior, G. transvaalensis, G. triebneriana, G. vlaaktensis oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR), Transvaal Roste v JAR. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. bayeri - var. brachyphylla/G. triebneriana - var. variegate Gasteria carinata synonyma: Aloe carinata Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. carinata/G. angulata - var. glabra - var. retusa - var. thunbergii - var. verrucosa Gasteria croucheri synonyma: Aloe croucheri, G. disticha var. natalensis Gasteria disticha synonyma: Aloe angustifolia, Aloe conspurcata, Aloe crassifolia, Aloe disticha, Aloe lingua var. angustifolia, Aloe lingua var. crassifolia, Aloe lingua var. latifolia, Aloe lingua var. longifolia, Aloe linguiformis, Aloe longifolia, Aloe mollis, Aloe nigricans, Aloe nigricans var. crassifolia, Aloe obliqua, Aloe obscura, Aloe obtusifolia, Aloe retusifolia, G. angustifolia, G. conspurcata, G. crassifolia, G. denticulata, G. disticha var. angustifolia, G. disticha var. conspurcata, G. disticha var. major, G. disticha var. minor, G. latifolia, G. longifolia, G. mollis, G. nigricans, G. nigricans var. crassifolia, G. obtusifolia, G. platyphylla, Ptyas disticha oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z Jihoafrické Republiky. Masité listy vyrůstají prostistojně v jedné rovině. Dorůstají délky 4 - 7cm. U stonku mají šířku 3cm. Na povrchu má bílé tečkování a bílý je také okraj listů. Kvete růžovými květy na 20 - 90cm stonku. Gasteria doreeniae Gasteria dorineae Gasteria ellaphieae oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z Jihoafrické Republiky. Listy vyrůstají vstřícně a v pozdějším věku se začnou roztáčet do spirály. Tmavě zelené listy jsou hustě pokryty bílou krupičkou. Kvete červenými květy na 25 - 30cm stonku. Gasteria ernestii-ruschii Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - var. variegate Gasteria excelsa Gasteria glauca oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Roste v JAR ve shlucích trsů. Jednotlivé listy jsou velmi houževnaté, pokryté bradavkami. Květy jsou barvy pomerančové. U nás pěstování nečiní žádných potíží. Rostliny je možné letnit. Gasteria glomerata (Břichatka klubkatá) oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR), Kapsko, Transvaal Pochází z JAR. Slovo glomeratus znamenající kulovitý se vztahuje k listům, které jsou jednak efektně masité často s oválným zakončením. Jejich délka nepřesahuje 3 - 5cm. Kvete červenými květy na 25cm stonku. Množí se odnožemi. Gasteria gracilis Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Variegata' Gasteria grande Gasteria kirsteana Gasteria maculata Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Cristate' Gasteria minima Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Variegate' Gasteria minor Gasteria nigricans synonyma: G. angustifolia Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - var. marmorata Gasteria nitida synonyma: Aloe acinacifolia var. angustifolia, Aloe acinacifolia var. laetevirens, Aloe decipiens, Aloe elongata, Aloe nitida, Aloe nitida var. grandipunctata, Aloe nitida var. major, Aloe nitida var. minor, Aloe nitida var. obtusa, Aloe nitida var. parvipunctata, Aloe obtusa, Aloe trigona, G. beckeri, G. decipiens, G. nitida var. grandipunctata, G. nitida var. parvipunctata, G. obtusa, G. stayneri, G. trigona, Haworthia nigricans, Haworthia nitida oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z JAR. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - var. armstrongii - ploché ztlustlé tmavězelené až černavé nebo tmavě čerené listy o délce 3 - 8cm, v mládí vstřícné, později se roztáčejí; kvete červenými květy na 40cm stonku Gasteria obliqua synonyma: Aloe bicolor, Aloe boureana, Aloe dictyodes, Aloe formosa, Aloe guttata, Aloe lingua, Aloe maculata, Aloe maculata var. obliqua, Aloe marmorata, Aloe nigricans var. fasciata, Aloe obliqua, Aloe planifolia, Aloe vittata, Aloe zeyheri, G. bicolor, G. bicolor var. fallax, G. bicolor var. liliputana, G. biformis, G. caespitosa, G. chamaegigas, G. colubrina, G. fasciata, G. formosa, G. herreana, G. kirsteana, G. liliputana, G. lingua, G. loeriensis, G. longiana, G. longibracteata, G. maculata, G. maculata var. dregeana, G. maculata var. fallax, G. marmorata, G. multiplex, G. nigricans var. fasciata, G. picta, G. planifolia, G. retata, G. salmdyckiana, G. spiralis, G. spiralis var. tortulata, G. variolosa, G. zeyheri Gasteria obtusa Gasteria parvifolia Gasteria pendulifolia synonyma: G. croucheri subsp. pendulifolia Gasteria pillansii synonyma: G. neliana Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. ernesti-ruschii - var. pillansii Gasteria poellnitziana Gasteria polita Gasteria prolifera Gasteria pseudonigricans Gasteria pulchra synonyma: Aloe maculata var. pulchra, Aloe obliqua, Aloe pulchra, G. poellnitziana Gasteria rawlinsonii Gasteria scaberina Gasteria scottii Gasteria transvaalensis Gasteria tukhelensis Gasteria verrucosa oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR) Pochází z JAR. Ztlustlé zaoblené listy dorůstají délky 8 - 15cm z listové růžice. Povrch mají pokrytý drobnými bílými bradavičkami. Kvete červenými květy na 15cm stonku. Gasteria vlokii Další informace: http://haworthia-gasteria.blogspot.com/2008/01/home.html http://kvetiny.tobudetecubr.net/detail.php?rostlina=gasteria-maculata http://www.zelenelisty.estranky.cz/clanky/werbar---sukulenty/gasteria-ellaphieae http://zapado.ceskestavby.cz/rostliny/gasterie-bradavicnata-gasteria/ http://www.rostliny.net/.
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