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Flora of Southern Africa, Which Deals with the Territories of South FLORA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA VOLUME 5 Editor G. Germishuizen Part 1 Fascicle 1: Aloaceae (First part): Aloe by H.F. Glen and D.S. Hardy Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/floraofsoutherna511 unse FLORA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA which deals with the territories of SOUTH AFRICA, LESOTHO, SWAZILAND, NAMIBIA AND BOTSWANA VOLUME 5 PART 1 FASCICLE 1: ALOACEAE (FIRST PART): ALOE by H.F. Glen and D.S. Hardy Scientific editor: G. Germishuizen Technical editor: E. du Plessis NATIONAL Botanical Pretoria 2000 1 Editorial Board B.J. Huntley National Botanical Institute, Cape Town, RSA R.B. Nordenstam Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden W. Greuter Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin- Dahlem, Berlin, Germany Cover illustration: The South African 10-cent piece in use from 1965 to 1989 had a depiction of Aloe aculeata on the reverse. Cythna Letty made the original painting from which the coin was designed. The illustration on the cover is derived (by removal of the figures of value) from a digital photograph of this coin by John Bothma, first published in Hem (1999, Hem’s handbook on South author, African coins & patterns , published by the Randburg). Reproduced by kind permission of J. Bothma. Typesetting and page layout by S.S. Brink, NBI, Pretoria Reproduction by 4 Images. P.O. Box 34059, Glenstantia, 0010 Pretoria Printed by Afriscot Printers, P.O. Box 75353, 0042 Lynnwood Ridge © published by and obtainable from the National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa Tel. (012) 804-3200 Fax (012) 804-32 1 ISBN 1-919795-49-9 CONTENTS New taxa, new combinations and new statuses published in Volume 5, Part 1 , Fascicle 1 (First part) iv Introduction v Aloaceae 1 Aloe 1 Section 1: Leptoaloe 4 Section 2: Haemanthifoliae 23 Section 3: Longistylae 25 Section 4: Aristatae 31 Section 5: Echinatae 32 Section 6: Proliferae 37 Section 7: Rhodacanthae 40 Section 8: Serrulatae 46 Section 9: Pictae 50 Section 10: Paniculatae 68 Section 1 1 : Superpositae 73 Section 12: Asperifoliae 76 Section 13: Latebracteatae 85 Section 14: Chabaudia 88 Section 15: Macrifoliae 92 Section 16: Aloe 99 Section 17: Purpurascentes 104 Section 18: Arborescentes 109 Section 19: Principales 114 Section 20: Anguialoe 115 Section 21: Ortholophae 121 Section 22: Pachythamnos 126 Section 23: Pachydendron 131 Section 24: Dracoaloe 139 Section 25: Aloidendron 143 Section 26: Kumara 145 Species insufficiently known 148 Species excluded 148 References 152 Index 161 Appendix: Plan of Flora of southern Africa A-l FSA contributions in Bothalia A-3 Flora of southern Africa : alphabetical list of published taxa A-4 NEW TAXA, NEW COMBINATIONS AND NEW STATUSES PUBLISHED IN VOLUME 5, PART 1, FASCICLE 1 (FIRST PART) Aloe dichotoma Masson var. ramosissima ( Pillans ) Glen & D.S. Hardy, comb, et stat. nov., p. 142 Aloe microstigma Salm-Dyck subsp. framesii (L.Bolus) Glen & D.S. Hardy, comb, et stat. nov., p. 107 Section Aristatae ( A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 31 Section Asperifoliae (A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 76 Section Chabaudia Glen & D.S. Hardy, sect, nov., p. 88 Section Haemanthifoliae (A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 23 Section Latebracteatae (A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 85 Section Longistylae (A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 25 Section Macrifoliae (Haw.) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 92 Section Ortholophae (Christian) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 121 Section Pachythamnos Glen & D.S. Hardy, sect, nov., p. 126 Section Principales (A. Berger) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 114 Section Superpositae (Pole Evans) Glen & D.S. Hardy, stat. nov., p. 73 Date of publication: May 2000. IV INTRODUCTION This part was compiled in accordance with the Guide for contributors to the Flora of southern Africa (compiled by Leistner, Ross & De Winter and available from the Editor, National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa). Some maps show the distribution of the various taxa outside the FSA region as well. The numbering of the genus is according to De Dalla Torre & Harms in their Genera siphonoga- marum (1900-1907), as adapted by Arnold & De Wet (1993, Plants of southern Africa: names and distribution). v DAVID SPENCER HARDY 24 September 1931 - 31 May 1998 ALOACEAE: Aloe ALOACEAE by H.F. Glen* and D.S. Hardy** Perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, usually with fusiform roots, rarely with bulbs. Leaves rosulate, 3- or 5-ranked or rarely distichous, succulent, linear to deltoid. Inflorescence spicate, racemose or capitate, simple or branched, apparently axillary. Flowers 6-merous, usually pedicellate, regular, bilabiate or gasteriform. Perianth cylindrical to trigonous, sometimes with a basal swelling, straight or curved, red, orange, yellow, whitish, greenish, bicoloured or tricoloured; segments in two series, free or connate. Stamens inserted at base of ovary, with included or exserted anthers. Ovary trilocular, superior; style 1, included or exserted; ovules many in each locule. Fruit a loculi- cidal capsule or rarely a berry. Seeds tetrahedral, brown or black, variously winged. Genera in this family are similar not only in their gross morphology but also in anatomy, cytol- ogy and chemistry. The family is linked to Asphodelaceae by the genus Kniphofia, which is simi- lar to Aloe in some respects but resembles core Asphodelaceae in others. A family of six genera, about 475 species; all genera except Aloe endemic to southern Africa. We regard Lomatophyllum (14 species, Madagascar and Mascarenes) as a section of Aloe. 1026000 ALOE Aloe L., Species plantarum: 319 (1753) pro parte; Baker: 302 (1896a); A. Berger: 159 (1908); Reynolds: 103 (1950); R. A. Dyer: 928 (1976). Type species: A. perfoliata L. Catevala Medik.: 67 ( 1 786) pro parte. Type species: none cited. Name rejected for Haworthia Duval. Kumara Medik.: 69, t. 4 ( 1786). Type species: K. disticha Medik., nom. illegit. Rhipidodendron Willd.: 164 (1811). Type species: none cited. Pachidendron Haw.: 35 (1821). Type species: none cited. Bowiea Haw.: 122 (1827) pro parte. Type species: B. africana Haw. Busipho Salisb.: 76 (1866). Type species: none cited. Ptyas Salisb.: 76 ( 1866) (apparently a nom. nov. for Kumara Medik.). Chamaealoe A. Berger: 130 ( 1908); Oberm.: 119 (1973). Type species: C. africana (Haw.) A. Berger. Leptaloe Stapf: t. 9300 (1933); E. Phillips: 186 (1951). Type species: L. albida Stapf. Aloinella (A. Berger) A.Lemee: 27 (1939). Type species: A. haworthioides (Baker) A.Lemee. Perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, usually with fusiform roots, rarely with bulbs. Leaves succu- lent, linear to deltoid, margins usually dentate, surfaces rarely with prickles. Inflorescence spicate, racemose or capitate, simple or branched, apparently axillary. Flowers 6-merous, usually pedicel- late, regular, slightly irregular or rarely bilabiate. Perianth cylindric to trigonous, sometimes with a basal swelling, usually straight (if curved then without a basal swelling), red, orange, yellow, whitish or rarely greenish, often bicoloured; segments in two series, free or connate. Stamens with included or exserted anthers. Ovary trilocular, superior; style 1, included or exserted; ovules many in each locule. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. Seeds tetrahedral, brown or black, variously winged. * National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria. 0001 South Africa. ** Late of the National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa. ALOACEAE: Aloe la Sterile bracts on peduncles absent, or subtending only inflorescence branches, or very few: 2a Plants caulescent: 3a Inflorescence racemose: 4a Raceme horizontal to oblique, secund 21. Sect. Ortholophae (p. 121) 4b Raceme erect, symmetrical: 5a Leaves distichous 26. Sect. Kumara (p. 145) 5b Leaves spirally arranged 15. Sect. Macrifoliae (p. 92) 3b Inflorescence paniculate: 6a Stems simple, rarely several from base; racemes usually secund, or if not then dense, longer than 500 mm 21. Sect. Ortholophae (p. 121) 6b Stems branched; racemes symmetrical, lax, shorter than 500 mm: 7a Leaves biconvex in transverse section to shallowly canaliculate, less than 7 times as long as wide; flowers yellow 24. Sect. Dracoaloe (p. 139) 7b Leaves deeply canaliculate, over 7 times as long as wide; flowers pink 25. Sect. Aloidendron (p. 143) 2b Plants stemless: 8a Outer perianth segments free for half or more of their length: 9a Racemes secund 21. Sect. Ortholophae (p. 121) 9b Racemes symmetrical: 10a Anthers and style exserted more than 2 mm 12. Sect. Asperifoliae (p. 76) 10b Anthers and style included or exserted less than 2 mm 13. Sect. Latebracteatae (p. 85) 8b Outer perianth segments connate for half or more of their length: 11a Leaves aristate, with hairlike prickles arising from white tubercles 4. Sect. Aristatae (p. 31) 1 lb Leaves not aristate, lacking prickles and tubercles: 12a Leaves with spots in transverse bands; perianth inflated around ovary 9. Sect. Pictae (p. 50) 12b Leaves with longitudinal stripes, or if spotted then spots irregularly placed and perianth not inflated around ovary: 13a Perianth trigonously indented 14. Sect. Chabaudia (p. 88) 13b Perianth not indented 10. Sect. Paniculatae (p. 68) lb Sterile bracts plentiful on peduncles: 14a Anthers and styles exserted more than 2 mm: 15a Perianth segments connate in lower half: 16a Pedicels longer than 13 mm 11. Sect. Superpositae (p. 73) 16b Pedicels shorter than 13 mm: 17a Plants caulescent, erect 23. Sect. Pachydendron (p. 131) 17b Plants stemless or stems decumbent: 1 8a Leaves rough; plants indigenous to Northern Cape, Namibia and Angola 12. Sect. Asperifoliae (p. 76) 18b Leaves smooth; plants indigenous to KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Province, Mpu- malanga and Zimbabwe 22. Sect. Pachythamnos (p. 126) 15b Perianth segments free to base: 19a Pedicels up to 12 mm long: 20a Plants caulescent: 21a Perianth tubular; flowers pedicellate 19. Sect. Principals (p. 114) 21b Perianth campanulate; flowers sessile to subsessile 20. Sect. Anguialoe (p. 115) ) ALOACEAE: Aloe 3 20b Plants stemless: 22a Perianth campanulate 20.
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