DOCSLIB.ORG

Draft Amendment 53 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Reef Fish Fishery in the Gulf of Mexico Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Deis)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Draft Amendment 53 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Reef Fish Fishery in the Gulf of Mexico Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Deis) 4/27/2021 Red Grouper Allocations and Annual Catch Levels and Targets Amendment 53 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Reef Fish Resources of the Gulf of Mexico Revised Draft April 2021 This is a publication of the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council Pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award No. NA15NMF4410011. This page intentionally blank COVER SHEET DRAFT AMENDMENT 53 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE REEF FISH FISHERY IN THE GULF OF MEXICO DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (DEIS) Abstract: This DEIS is prepared pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act to assess the environmental impacts associated with a reasonable range of alternatives intended to modify the sector allocation, overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, annual catch limits, and annual catch targets of red grouper in the Gulf of Mexico. This DEIS is being prepared using the 1978 CEQ NEPA Regulations. NEPA reviews initiated prior to the effective date of the 2020 CEQ regulations may be conducted using the 1978 version of the regulations. The effective date of the 2020 CEQ NEPA Regulations was September 14, 2020. This review began on April 21, 2020, and the agency has decided to proceed under the 1978 regulations. Responsible Agencies and Contact Persons Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (Council) 813-348-1630 4107 W. Spruce Street, Suite 200 813-348-1711 (fax) Tampa, Florida 33607 [email protected] Matt Freeman ([email protected]) http://www.gulfcouncil.org National Marine Fisheries Service (Lead Agency) 727-824-5305 Southeast Regional Office 727-824-5308 (fax) 263 13th Avenue South http://sero.nmfs.noaa.gov St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 Peter Hood ([email protected]) Type of Action ( ) Administrative ( ) Legislative (X) Draft ( ) Final Filing Dates with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Notice of intent (NOI) to prepare EIS published: April 21, 2020 Draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) filed with EPA: DEIS comment period ended: EPA comments on DEIS: Amendment 53 – Red Grouper i Allocations and Annual Catch Levels and Targets DRAFT EIS TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Sheet ...................................................................................................................................... i Draft Amendment 53 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Reef Fish Fishery in the Gulf of Mexico ............................................................................................................................................. i Draft EIS Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. xii Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2. Management Alternatives ....................................................................................... 14 Chapter 3. Affected Environment ............................................................................................. 28 Chapter 4. Environmental Consequences ................................................................................. 89 4.3 Cumulative Effects Analysis (CEA) ................................................................................ 115 Chapter 5. List of Agencies, Organizations, and Persons to Whom a Copy of the EIS Is Sent .......................................................................................................................................... 143 Chapter 6. List of Preparers and Reviewers ........................................................................... 144 Chapter 7. References ............................................................................................................. 145 Chapter 8. Index ...................................................................................................................... 157 Appendix A. Other Applicable Law ........................................................................................... 162 Appendix B. Bycatch Practicability Analysis ............................................................................. 166 Appendix C. Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council – Allocation Policy ...................... 189 Appendix D. Allocation Triggers ............................................................................................... 192 Appendix E. Allocation Factors .................................................................................................. 209 Appendix F. Allocation Review Triggers ................................................................................... 225 Appendix G. ACL/ACT Control Rule for the Recreational Sector ............................................ 228 Appendix H. ACL/ACT Control Rule for the Commercial Sector ............................................ 229 Appendix I. Modification of Management for Red Grouper in the Gulf.................................... 230 Amendment 53 – Red Grouper ii Allocations and Annual Catch Levels and Targets ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS DOCUMENT ABC acceptable biological catch ACL annual catch limit ACT annual catch target AM accountability measure APAIS Access Point Angler Intercept Survey BiOp biological opinion BLL bottom longline CEA cumulative effects analysis CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CFpA Net Cash Flow per Angler Trip CHTS Coastal Household Telephone Survey COI certificate of inspection Council Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council CS consumer surplus DLMTool Data Limited Methods Tool DPS distinct population segment DWG deep water grouper ELMRP Estuarine Living Marine Resources Program EEZ exclusive economic zone EFH essential fish habitat EIS environmental impact statement EJ environmental justice ESA Endangered Species Act F fishing mortality rate FES Fishing Effort Survey FGBNMS Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary FMP fishery management plan FWCC Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission FWRI Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute GG gag grouper GGM gag grouper multi-use Gulf Gulf of Mexico GT gray triggerfish gw gutted weight HAPC Habitat Area of Particular Concern HCR harvest control rule IFQ individual fishing quota LNG liquefied natural gas Magnuson-Stevens Act Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act MMPA Marine Mammal Protection Act mp million pounds MRIP Marine Recreational Information Program Amendment 53 – Red Grouper iii Allocations and Annual Catch Levels and Targets MRFSS Marine Recreational Fisheries Statistics Survey MSST minimum stock size threshold NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOS National Ocean Service OFL overfishing limit OLE NOAA Office of Law Enforcement OY optimum yield PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PDF probability distribution function PS producer surplus PSE proportional standard error pw product weight RFFA reasonably foreseeable future action RG red grouper RGM red grouper multi-use RQ regional quotient RS red snapper Secretary Secretary of Commerce SEDAR Southeast Data, Assessment and Review SEFSC Southeast Fisheries Science Center SF Sustainable Fisheries SFA Sustainable Fisheries Act SOI Segments of Interest SPR spawning potential ratio SRHS Southeast Region Headboat Survey SSB spawning stock biomass SSC Scientific and Statistical Committee SWG shallow-water grouper TAC total allowable catch TF tilefish USCG United States Coast Guard VEC valued environmental component ww whole weight Amendment 53 – Red Grouper iv Allocations and Annual Catch Levels and Targets TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Sheet ...................................................................................................................................... i Draft Amendment 53 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Reef Fish Fishery in the Gulf of Mexico ............................................................................................................................................. i Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) ............................................................................... i Draft EIS Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... ii Abbreviations Used in this Document ........................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ xi Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. xii Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives of the Reef Fish Fishery Management Plan ....................................................... 7 1.3 Purpose and Need
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico And
    A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes THIRD EDITION GSMFC No. 300 NOVEMBER 2020 i Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Commissioners and Proxies ALABAMA Senator R.L. “Bret” Allain, II Chris Blankenship, Commissioner State Senator District 21 Alabama Department of Conservation Franklin, Louisiana and Natural Resources John Roussel Montgomery, Alabama Zachary, Louisiana Representative Chris Pringle Mobile, Alabama MISSISSIPPI Chris Nelson Joe Spraggins, Executive Director Bon Secour Fisheries, Inc. Mississippi Department of Marine Bon Secour, Alabama Resources Biloxi, Mississippi FLORIDA Read Hendon Eric Sutton, Executive Director USM/Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Florida Fish and Wildlife Ocean Springs, Mississippi Conservation Commission Tallahassee, Florida TEXAS Representative Jay Trumbull Carter Smith, Executive Director Tallahassee, Florida Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Austin, Texas LOUISIANA Doug Boyd Jack Montoucet, Secretary Boerne, Texas Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Baton Rouge, Louisiana GSMFC Staff ASMFC Staff Mr. David M. Donaldson Mr. Bob Beal Executive Director Executive Director Mr. Steven J. VanderKooy Mr. Jeffrey Kipp IJF Program Coordinator Stock Assessment Scientist Ms. Debora McIntyre Dr. Kristen Anstead IJF Staff Assistant Fisheries Scientist ii A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes Third Edition Edited by Steve VanderKooy Jessica Carroll Scott Elzey Jessica Gilmore Jeffrey Kipp Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission 2404 Government St Ocean Springs, MS 39564 and Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 1050 N. Highland Street Suite 200 A-N Arlington, VA 22201 Publication Number 300 November 2020 A publication of the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award Number NA15NMF4070076 and NA15NMF4720399.
    [Show full text]
  • Age Estimates of Two Large Misty Grouper, Epinephelus Mystacinus
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Aquila Digital Community Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 21 | Issue 1 2009 Age Estimates of Two Large Misty Grouper, Epinephelus mystacinus (Serranidae) from Bermuda with a Comparison of the Age of Tropical Groupers in the Western Atlantic Brian E. Luckhurst Marine Resources Division, Bermuda John M. Dean University of South Carolina DOI: 10.18785/gcr.2101.09 Follow this and additional works at: http://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Luckhurst, B. E. and J. M. Dean. 2009. Age Estimates of Two Large Misty Grouper, Epinephelus mystacinus (Serranidae) from Bermuda with a Comparison of the Age of Tropical Groupers in the Western Atlantic. Gulf and Caribbean Research 21 (1): 73-77. Retrieved from http://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol21/iss1/9 This Short Communication is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gulf and CaribbeanGulf Research and Caribbean Vol 21, 73-77,Research 2009 Vol 21, 73-77, 2009 Manuscript receivedManuscript January 7,received 2009; Januaryaccepted 7, February 2009; accepted 6, 2009 February 6, 2009 Gulf and Caribbean Research Vol 21, 73-77, 2009 Manuscript received January 7, 2009; accepted February 6, 2009 SHORT COMMUNICATIONSHORT COMMUNICATION SHORT COMMUNICATION AGE ESTIMATESAGE ESTIMATES OF TWO OF LARGE TWO MISTYLARGE GROUPER, MISTY GROUPER, AGE ESTIMATES OF TWO LARGE MISTY GROUPER, EPINEPHELUSEPINEPHELUS MYSTACINUS MYSTACINUS (SERRANIDAE) (SERRANIDAE) FROM BERMUDA FROM BERMUDA EPINEPHELUS MYSTACINUS (SERRANIDAE) FROM BERMUDA WITH A WITHCOMPARISON A COMPARISON OF THE OFAGE THE OF AGETROPICAL OF TROPICAL WITH A COMPARISON OF THE AGE OF TROPICAL GROUPERSGROUPERS IN THE WESTERNIN THE WESTERN ATLANTIC ATLANTIC GROUPERS IN THE WESTERN ATLANTIC Brian E.
    [Show full text]
  • Epinephelus Drummondhayi Goode and Bean, 1878 EED Frequent Synonyms / Misidentifications: None / None
    click for previous page 1340 Bony Fishes Epinephelus drummondhayi Goode and Bean, 1878 EED Frequent synonyms / misidentifications: None / None. FAO names: En - Speckled hind; Fr - Mérou grivelé; Sp - Mero pintaroja. Diagnostic characters: Body depth subequal to head length, 2.4 to 2.6 times in standard length (for fish 20 to 43 cm standard length). Nostrils subequal; preopercle rounded, evenly serrate. Gill rakers on first arch 9 or 10 on upper limb, 17 or 18 on lower limb, total 26 to 28. Dorsal fin with 11 spines and 15 or 16 soft rays, the membrane incised between the anterior spines; anal fin with 3 spines and 9 soft rays; caudal fin trun- cate or slightly emarginate, the corners acute; pectoral-fin rays 18. Scales strongly ctenoid, about 125 lateral-scale series; lateral-line scales 72 to 76. Colour: adults (larger than 33 cm) dark reddish brown, densely covered with small pearly white spots; juveniles (less than 20 cm) bright yellow, covered with small bluish white spots. Size: Maximum about 110 cm; maximum weight 30 kg. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Adults inhabit offshore rocky bottoms in depths of 25 to 183 m but are most common between 60 and 120 m.Females mature at 4 or 5 years of age (total length 45 to 60 cm).Spawning oc- curs from July to September, and a large female may produce up to 2 million eggs at 1 spawning. Back-calculated total lengths for fish aged 1 to 15 years are 19, 32, 41, 48, 53, 57, 61, 65, 68, 71, 74, 77, 81, 84, and 86 cm; the maximum age attained is at least 25 years, and the largest specimen measured was 110 cm.
    [Show full text]
  • Diet Composition of Juvenile Black Grouper (Mycteroperca Bonaci) from Coastal Nursery Areas of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 77(3): 441–452, 2005 NOTE DIET COMPOSITION OF JUVENILE BLACK GROUPER (MYCTEROPERCA BONACI) FROM COASTAL NURSERY AREAS OF THE YUCATÁN PENINSULA, MEXICO Thierry Brulé, Enrique Puerto-Novelo, Esperanza Pérez-Díaz, and Ximena Renán-Galindo Groupers (Epinephelinae, Epinephelini) are top-level predators that influence the trophic web of coral reef ecosystems (Parrish, 1987; Heemstra and Randall, 1993; Sluka et al., 2001). They are demersal mesocarnivores and stalk and ambush preda- tors that sit and wait for larger moving prey such as fish and mobile invertebrates (Cailliet et al., 1986). Groupers contribute to the ecological balance of complex tropi- cal hard-bottom communities (Sluka et al., 1994), and thus large changes in their populations may significantly alter other community components (Parrish, 1987). The black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci Poey, 1860) is an important commercial and recreational fin fish resource in the western Atlantic region (Bullock and Smith, 1991; Heemstra and Randall, 1993). The southern Gulf of Mexico grouper fishery is currently considered to be deteriorated and M. bonaci, along with red grouper (Epinephelus morio Valenciennes, 1828) and gag (Mycteroperca microlepis Goode and Bean, 1880), is one of the most heavily exploited fish species in this region (Co- lás-Marrufo et al., 1998; SEMARNAP, 2000). Currently, M. bonaci is considered a threatened species (Morris et al., 2000; IUCN, 2003) and has been classified as vul- nerable in U.S. waters because male biomass in the Atlantic dropped from 20% in 1982 to 6% in 1995 (Musick et al., 2000). The black grouper is usually found on irregular bottoms such as coral reefs, drop- off walls, and rocky ledges, at depths from 10 to 100 m (Roe, 1977; Manooch and Mason, 1987; Bullock and Smith, 1991; Heemstra and Randall, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Serranid and Epinephelid Fishes (Perciformes: Serranidae & Epinephelidae) of India
    Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation 2021, Volume 38 Checklist of serranid and epinephelid fishes (Perciformes: Serranidae & Epinephelidae) of India AKHILESH, K.V. 1, RAJAN, P.T. 2, VINEESH, N. 3, IDREESBABU, K.K. 4, BINEESH, K.K. 5, MUKTHA, M. 6, ANULEKSHMI, C. 1, MANJEBRAYAKATH, H. 7, GLADSTON, Y. 8 & NASHAD M. 9 1 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mumbai Regional Station, Maharashtra, India. Corresponding author: [email protected]; Email: [email protected] 2 Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Port Blair, India. Email: [email protected] 3 Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of West Bengal, India. Email: [email protected] 4 Department of Science and Technology, U.T. of Lakshadweep, Kavaratti, India. Email: [email protected] 5 Southern Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Email: [email protected] 6 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Visakhapatnam Regional Centre, Andhra Pradesh, India. Email: [email protected] 7 Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Kochi, Kerala, India. Email: [email protected] 8 ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Email: [email protected] 9 Fishery Survey of India, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744101, India. Email: [email protected] Abstract We provide an updated checklist of fishes of the families Serranidae and Epinephelidae reported or listed from India, along with photographs. A total of 120 fishes in this group are listed as occurring in India based on published literature, of which 25 require further confirmation and validation. We confirm here the presence of at least 95 species in 22 genera occurring in Indian marine waters.
    [Show full text]
  • 011706 Status Report on the Goliath Grouper
    Status report on the continental United States distinct population segment of the goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) January 2006 National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Regional Office 263 13th Avenue South St. Petersburg, FL 33701 Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of all who contributed to the contents of this report. In particular, we wish to recognize Lew Bullock, Felicia Coleman, Chris Koenig, and Rich McBride for reviewing the draft document. The participation and considerable contributions to the contents of the report by Andy Strelcheck and Peter Hood are also greatly appreciated. The team responsible for compiling this report included: Michael Barnette, Stephania Bolden, Jennifer Moore, Clay Porch, Jennifer Schull, and Phil Steele. This document should be cited as: NMFS. 2006. Status report on the continental United States distinct population segment of the goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara). January 12, 2006. 49 pp. Cover: goliath grouper illustration courtesy of Diane Peebles. ii Table of Contents List of Tables.................................................................................................................... iv Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................... vi Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • V a Tion & Management of Reef Fish Sp a Wning Aggrega Tions
    handbook CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT OF REEF FISH SPAWNING AGGREGATIONS A Handbook for the Conservation & Management of Reef Fish Spawning Aggregations © Seapics.com Without the Land and the Sea, and their Bounties, the People and their Traditional Ways would be Poor and without Cultural Identity Fijian Proverb Why a Handbook? 1 What are Spawning Aggregations? 2 How to Identify Spawning Aggregations 2 Species that Aggregate to Spawn 2 Contents Places Where Aggregations Form 9 Concern for Spawning Aggregations 10 Importance for Fish and Fishermen 10 Trends in Exploited Aggregations 12 Managing & Conserving Spawning Aggregations 13 Research and Monitoring 13 Management Options 15 What is SCRFA? 16 How can SCRFA Help? 16 SCRFA Work to Date 17 Useful References 18 SCRFA Board of Directors 20 Since 2000, scientists, fishery managers, conservationists and politicians have become increasingly aware, not only that many commercially important coral reef fish species aggregate to spawn (reproduce) but also that these important reproductive gatherings are particularly susceptible to fishing. In extreme cases, when fishing pressure is high, aggregations can dwindle and even cease to form, sometimes within just a few years. Whether or not they will recover and what the long-term effects on the fish population(s) might be of such declines are not yet known. We do know, however, that healthy aggregations tend to be associated with healthy fisheries. It is, therefore, important to understand and better protect this critical part of the life cycle of aggregating species to ensure that they continue to yield food and support livelihoods. Why a Handbook? As fishing technology improved in the second half of the twentieth century, engines came to replace sails and oars, the cash economy developed rapidly, and human populations and demand for seafood grew, the pressures on reef fishes for food, and especially for money, increased enormously.
    [Show full text]
  • Nassau Grouper
    Life Cycle Pelagic juvenile stage (Late larval to early juvenile) 25 ‒ 30 mm total length (TL) (1.0 ‒ 1.2 in) 35 ‒ 50 days Fertilized pelagic eggs (up to 1 mm) Competent larvae ready to settle from hatch 23 ‒ 40 hours following the plankton are carried by night-time fertilization. flood tides from the open ocean to nursery areas. Late juvenile Early juvenile 150 ‒ 400 mm TL (5.9 ‒ 15.7 in) 30 ‒ 150 mm TL (1.9 ‒ 5.9 in) 1 ‒ 4 years 10 ‒ 12 months Natural Prey Groupers change their diet as they grow. Juveniles feed mostly on crustaceans, while Early juveniles settle from the plankton into a variety of nursery areas including inshore algal beds, where they will live for up to one year. At 10 ‒ 12 months Nassau grouper move to patch reefs in shallow-water areas where they remain for several Shrimp Spawning Aggregations Amphipods Some Nassau grouper may change sex from female to male when they reach a total length of between 300 and 800 mm (11.9 ‒ 31.5 in). Spider crab Spiny lobster During the full moon of winter months Nassau grouper migrate Octopus up to hundreds of kilometers to form large spawning aggregations at specific locations. 1. Four color phases - barred, white belly, bicolor, and dark are observed during courtship and spawning. 2. Multiple males and at least one female break away from the larger group and rush upwards prior to spawning. Several species of reef fish 3 & 4. As the spawning rush reaches a peak, eggs and sperm are released into the water and the fish rapidly descend back to the bottom.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate of the Southeast United States
    N$%"',$! C!"#$%& A++&++#&,% R&."',$! T&/),"/$! I,0*% R&0'1% S&1"&+ C!"#$%& '( %)& S'*%)&$+% U,"%&- S%$%&+ VARIABILITY, CHANGE, IMPACTS, AND VULNERABILITY Edited by: Keith T. Ingram Kirstin Dow Lynne Carter Julie Anderson Climate of the Southeast United States Variability, Change, Impacts, and Vulnerability © 2013 Southeast Climate Consortium All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Reproduction of this report by electronic means for personal and noncommercial purposes ȱĴȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱǯȱȱȱȱȱ ¢ȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱ ȱ ȱȱȱ Ĵȱȱȱȱǯ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱǯ Printed on recycled, acid-free paper ȱȱȱȱȱȱ Citation: ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ǯȱ ǰȱǯȱǰȱ ǯȱǰȱǯȱŘŖŗřǯȱȱȱȱȱ ȱDZȱ¢ǰȱǰȱǰȱȱ¢ǯȱȱDZȱ ȱǯ Keywords:ȱȬĴȬȱǰȱǰȱǰȱȱ¢ǰȱ ǰȱǰȱȱǰȱ¢ǰȱȱ ǰȱȱǰȱ climate impacts, climate modeling, climate variability, coastal, drought, education, electric ȱǰȱ¡ȱ ǰȱĚǰȱȱǰȱ£ǰȱȱȱǰȱ ȱ ǰȱǰȱȬȱǰȱǰȱǰȱǰȱȱȱ ǰȱȱęǰȱȱǰȱǰȱȱǰȱǰȱȬ ȱ intrusion, sea level rise, silviculture, social vulnerability, Southeast, storm surge, tropical ǰȱǰȱ¢ǰȱǯǯȱȱ ǰȱȬȱǰȱ ȱǰȱ ǰȱ ę ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ¢ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ¢ȱȱ¢ȱǰȱǰȱǰȱȱ Tribal Government or Non-governmental entity. Front Cover Images: ȱǰȱ ǰȱ¢ȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȂȱȱǻǼǯȱȱȱ¢ȱ ȱȱȱȱDZȱ ȱ¢ȱȱȱ ȱǰȱ¢ȱȱȱȱȱDzȱ¢ȱȱ ȱȱ ȱȱȱǰȱȱ ǯȱDzȱȱȱȱǰȱ¢ȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱDzȱȱ ȱȱȱǻǼȱȱȱ ȱǰȱ ¢ȱȱDzȱȱĚ ȱȱȱȱȱǰȱ¢ȱȱȱȱ ȱDzȱȱȱȱǰȱǰȱǰȱȱĴǯ About This Series This report is published as one of a series of technical inputs to the Third National ȱȱǻǼȱǯȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱŗşşŖǰȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ and Congress every four years on the status of climate change science and impacts. The NCA informs the nation about already observed changes, the current status of the climate, and anticipated trends for the future. The NCA report process integrates ęȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ¢ȱęȱȱ ęȱȱȱȱ ǯȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ- ȱȱȱȱȱ¢ȱǯǯȱ£ǰȱȱȱȱȱ¢ȱȱ ȱȱȱ¢ȱȱȱȱȱȂȱǯ ȱȱȱŘŖŗŗǰȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ¡ȱȱ ǰȱȱ¢ǰȱȱȱȱǰȱȬȱ£- ǰȱȱǰȱȱȱǰȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱ Ĵȱȱȱȱȱǯȱ ȱǰȱȱȱȱǰȱȱ ȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱȱǰȱ ȱȱȱȱȱ input reports highlighting past climate trends, projected climate change, and impacts ȱęȱȱȱȱǯȱȱȱȱȱ ȱȱȱ- ing this technical input.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Assemblages Associated with Red Grouper Pits at Pulley Ridge, A
    419 Abstract—Red grouper (Epineph- elus morio) modify their habitat by Fish assemblages associated with red grouper excavating sediment to expose rocky pits, providing structurally complex pits at Pulley Ridge, a mesophotic reef in the habitat for many fish species. Sur- Gulf of Mexico veys conducted with remotely op- erated vehicles from 2012 through 2015 were used to characterize fish Stacey L. Harter (contact author)1 assemblages associated with grouper Heather Moe1 pits at Pulley Ridge, a mesophotic 2 coral ecosystem and habitat area John K. Reed of particular concern in the Gulf Andrew W. David1 of Mexico, and to examine whether invasive species of lionfish (Pterois Email address for contact author: [email protected] spp.) have had an effect on these as- semblages. Overall, 208 grouper pits 1 Southeast Fisheries Science Center were examined, and 66 fish species National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA were associated with them. Fish as- 3500 Delwood Beach Road semblages were compared by using Panama City, Florida 32408 several factors but were considered 2 Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute to be significantly different only on Florida Atlantic University the basis of the presence or absence 5600 U.S. 1 North of predator species in their pit (no Fort Pierce, Florida 34946 predators, lionfish only, red grou- per only, or both lionfish and red grouper). The data do not indicate a negative effect from lionfish. Abun- dances of most species were higher in grouper pits that had lionfish, and species diversity was higher in grouper pits with a predator (lion- The red grouper (Epinephelus morio) waters (>70 m) of the shelf edge and fish, red grouper, or both).
    [Show full text]
  • Valuable but Vulnerable: Over-Fishing and Under-Management Continue to Threaten Groupers So What Now?
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339934856 Valuable but vulnerable: Over-fishing and under-management continue to threaten groupers so what now? Article in Marine Policy · June 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103909 CITATIONS READS 15 845 17 authors, including: João Pedro Barreiros Alfonso Aguilar-Perera University of the Azores - Faculty of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán -México 215 PUBLICATIONS 2,177 CITATIONS 94 PUBLICATIONS 1,085 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Pedro Afonso Brad E. Erisman IMAR Institute of Marine Research / OKEANOS NOAA / NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center 152 PUBLICATIONS 2,700 CITATIONS 170 PUBLICATIONS 2,569 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Comparative assessments of vocalizations in Indo-Pacific groupers View project Study on the reef fishes of the south India View project All content following this page was uploaded by Matthew Thomas Craig on 25 March 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Marine Policy 116 (2020) 103909 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Policy journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/marpol Full length article Valuable but vulnerable: Over-fishing and under-management continue to threaten groupers so what now? Yvonne J. Sadovy de Mitcheson a,b, Christi Linardich c, Joao~ Pedro Barreiros d, Gina M. Ralph c, Alfonso Aguilar-Perera e, Pedro Afonso f,g,h, Brad E. Erisman i, David A. Pollard j, Sean T. Fennessy k, Athila A. Bertoncini l,m, Rekha J.
    [Show full text]
  • Epinephelus Itajara) Na Região Sul Do Brasil E Registro De Anomalias Ósseas
    Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental Identificação e Dinâmica de Agregação de Meros (Epinephelus itajara) na Região Sul do Brasil e Registro de Anomalias Ósseas Leonardo Schlögel Bueno Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental (Área de Concentração em Sistemas Costeiros e Marinhos) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Oceanografia Ambiental Vitória, ES Outubro, 2014 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental Identificação e Dinâmica de Agregação de Meros (Epinephelus itajara) na Região Sul do Brasil e Registro de Anomalias Ósseas Leonardo Schlögel Bueno Orientador: Dr. Mauricio Hostim Silva Vitória, ES Outubro, 2014 Agradecimentos Este trabalho resultou da conjugação de esforços, apoio, renúncias, realizações, incentivos e, portanto, devo muitos agradecimentos: Ao meu orientador Professor, Dr. Mauricio Hostim Silva, cujo apoio foi fundamental para a concretização dos meus objetivos, tanto na realização acadêmica quanto na participação no projeto Meros do Brasil, que me aproximou de reconhecidos pesquisadores e do conhecimento prático, além do suporte, conhecimentos científicos, seu bom humor e generosidade; Ao Professor Pós-Doutor Pedro Carlos Pinheiro, amigo que acompanhou meu caminho acadêmico e sempre me incentivou a buscar novos conhecimentos; Aos demais professores
    [Show full text]