An Introduction to Microprocessor 8085
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Vcf Pnw 2019
VCF PNW 2019 http://vcfed.org/vcf-pnw/ Schedule Saturday 10:00 AM Museum opens and VCF PNW 2019 starts 11:00 AM Erik Klein, opening comments from VCFed.org Stephen M. Jones, opening comments from Living Computers:Museum+Labs 1:00 PM Joe Decuir, IEEE Fellow, Three generations of animation machines: Atari and Amiga 2:30 PM Geoff Pool, From Minix to GNU/Linux - A Retrospective 4:00 PM Chris Rutkowski, The birth of the Business PC - How volatile markets evolve 5:00 PM Museum closes - come back tomorrow! Sunday 10:00 AM Day two of VCF PNW 2019 begins 11:00 AM John Durno, The Lost Art of Telidon 1:00 PM Lars Brinkhoff, ITS: Incompatible Timesharing System 2:30 PM Steve Jamieson, A Brief History of British Computing 4:00 PM Presentation of show awards and wrap-up Exhibitors One of the defining attributes of a Vintage Computer Festival is that exhibits are interactive; VCF exhibitors put in an amazing amount of effort to not only bring their favorite pieces of computing history, but to make them come alive. Be sure to visit all of them, ask questions, play, learn, take pictures, etc. And consider coming back one day as an exhibitor yourself! Rick Bensene, Wang Laboratories’ Electronic Calculators, An exhibit of Wang Labs electronic calculators from their first mass-market calculator, the Wang LOCI-2, through the last of their calculators, the C-Series. The exhibit includes examples of nearly every series of electronic calculator that Wang Laboratories sold, unusual and rare peripheral devices, documentation, and ephemera relating to Wang Labs calculator business. -
TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO Diseño E Implementación De Un Sistema De
TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO Diseño e implementación de un sistema de monitorización de temperatura capaz de comunicar de manera inalámbrica con un dispositivo móvil Autor: Adrián Paredes Intriago Tutor: Jonathan Crespo Herrero Grado en Ingeniería Electrónica Industrial y Automática Madrid, Septiembre de 2014 II Agradecimientos A mis padres, Juan y Raquel. A mi hermana, Claudia. Por no rendirse jamás. III IV Resumen En este trabajo se desarrolla un sistema de monitorización de temperatura capaz de comunicar de manera inalámbrica con un dispositivo móvil. El sistema está compuesto por un microcontrolador, un sensor de temperatura y un módulo Bluetooth. Las comunicaciones entre los componentes del sistema son llevadas a cabo a través de los buses de comunicación en serie SPI e I²C, mientras que las comunicaciones entre el sistema y el dispositivo móvil se realizan a través del protocolo de comunicación inalámbrica Bluetooth de bajo consumo, también conocido como BLE. En cuanto al dispositivo móvil, todas las comunicaciones con el sistema son gestionadas mediante una aplicación Android. Esta aplicación muestra las mediciones del sistema en tiempo real permitiendo a su vez configurar varios tipos de notificaciones y alarmas. Palabras clave: Sistema de monitorización de temperatura, dispositivos móviles, Bluetooth de bajo consumo, Android. V VI Abstract This work develops a temperature monitoring system able to communicate in a wireless manner to a mobile device. The system consists of a microcontroller, a temperature sensor and a Bluetooth module. The communications between the components of the system are done through the serial buses SPI and I²C, whereas the communications between the system and mobile device are done through Bluetooth low energy, also known as BLE. -
Technical Reference Manual 2.20.14
Technical Reference Manual 2.20.14 September 18, 2020 Change Log This section lists recent changes to the document, with most recent entries first. Each item line should hyperlink to the relevant place in the document where the change has been made. Changes 2020.09.18 Corrected licensing to GPLv2. Wrote a new dasm.sty file to handle the formatting of the documentation. 2020.09.15 • Added DC.S endian-swapping magic directive 2020.09.13 • Added some structure (new chapters) to the document for inclusion of information about the "other" processors and machines. Started to separate the machine from the processor into separate sections. Should we do an all-in listing of opcodes for all processors, like for the 6502? • Removed malformed coments examples as they are no longer applicable • Added link to bugs/issue reporting 2020.09.09 • Correction to how the -m option actually works • Examples for good/bad comment formats added • Notes about SI unit usage • Added the -m (Maximum Output File Size) option • Added the -R (Remove Output File) option 2020.09.08 • Added a new Chapter - Source Code, and inside a description of the source code format, including line ending format,and the various commenting styles. • Clarified the difference in usage of brackets on F8/6502 • Fixed some errors in the Atari 2600 section. Switched to SI standard units for describing powers of 2 sizes. I suspect people may not like that! 2020.09.07 • Added the really unusal (and deprecated) definition for labels... "[ ]...^[ ]...label". This is a suppored/valid format, but it is likely to be removed. -
Microprocessors in the 1970'S
Part II 1970's -- The Altair/Apple Era. 3/1 3/2 Part II 1970’s -- The Altair/Apple era Figure 3.1: A graphical history of personal computers in the 1970’s, the MITS Altair and Apple Computer era. Microprocessors in the 1970’s 3/3 Figure 3.2: Andrew S. Grove, Robert N. Noyce and Gordon E. Moore. Figure 3.3: Marcian E. “Ted” Hoff. Photographs are courtesy of Intel Corporation. 3/4 Part II 1970’s -- The Altair/Apple era Figure 3.4: The Intel MCS-4 (Micro Computer System 4) basic system. Figure 3.5: A photomicrograph of the Intel 4004 microprocessor. Photographs are courtesy of Intel Corporation. Chapter 3 Microprocessors in the 1970's The creation of the transistor in 1947 and the development of the integrated circuit in 1958/59, is the technology that formed the basis for the microprocessor. Initially the technology only enabled a restricted number of components on a single chip. However this changed significantly in the following years. The technology evolved from Small Scale Integration (SSI) in the early 1960's to Medium Scale Integration (MSI) with a few hundred components in the mid 1960's. By the late 1960's LSI (Large Scale Integration) chips with thousands of components had occurred. This rapid increase in the number of components in an integrated circuit led to what became known as Moore’s Law. The concept of this law was described by Gordon Moore in an article entitled “Cramming More Components Onto Integrated Circuits” in the April 1965 issue of Electronics magazine [338]. -
Die Meilensteine Der Computer-, Elek
Das Poster der digitalen Evolution – Die Meilensteine der Computer-, Elektronik- und Telekommunikations-Geschichte bis 1977 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 und ... Von den Anfängen bis zu den Geburtswehen des PCs PC-Geburt Evolution einer neuen Industrie Business-Start PC-Etablierungsphase Benutzerfreundlichkeit wird gross geschrieben Durchbruch in der Geschäftswelt Das Zeitalter der Fensterdarstellung Online-Zeitalter Internet-Hype Wireless-Zeitalter Web 2.0/Start Cloud Computing Start des Tablet-Zeitalters AI (CC, Deep- und Machine-Learning), Internet der Dinge (IoT) und Augmented Reality (AR) Zukunftsvisionen Phasen aber A. Bowyer Cloud Wichtig Zählhilfsmittel der Frühzeit Logarithmische Rechenhilfsmittel Einzelanfertigungen von Rechenmaschinen Start der EDV Die 2. Computergeneration setzte ab 1955 auf die revolutionäre Transistor-Technik Der PC kommt Jobs mel- All-in-One- NAS-Konzept OLPC-Projekt: Dass Computer und Bausteine immer kleiner, det sich Konzepte Start der entwickelt Computing für die AI- schneller, billiger und energieoptimierter werden, Hardware Hände und Finger sind die ersten Wichtige "PC-Vorläufer" finden wir mit dem werden Massenpro- den ersten Akzeptanz: ist bekannt. Bei diesen Visionen geht es um die Symbole für die Mengendarstel- schon sehr früh bei Lernsystemen. iMac und inter- duktion des Open Source Unterstüt- möglichen zukünftigen Anwendungen, die mit 3D-Drucker zung und lung. Ägyptische Illustration des Beispiele sind: Berkley Enterprice mit neuem essant: XO-1-Laptops: neuen Technologien und Konzepte ermöglicht Veriton RepRap nicht Ersatz werden. -
2650 CPU Manual
SIGRET101 2650 MICROPROCESSOR CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION INTRODUCING THE 2650 FAMILY 3 FEATURES OF THE 2650 FAMILY 4 Family Approach 4 Microprocessor Features 4 Compatible Products 5 PROCESSOR HARDWARE DESCRIPTION. 6 Architecture 6 Interfacing 8 Instruction Set 12 SUPPORT 15 Documentation 15 Software Support 15 Prototyping Hardware 16 System Compatible Families 16 II 2650 HARDWARE INTRODUCTION 19 General Features 18 Applications 20 INTERNAL ORGANIZATION 21 Internal Registers 21 Program Status Word 22 Memory Organization 27 INTERFACE 29 Signals 29 Signal Timing 34 Electrical Characteristics 37 Interface Signals 39 Pin Configuration 39 FEATURES 41 Input/Output Facilities 41 Interrupt Mechanism 43 Subroutine Linkage 45 Condition Code Usage 45 Start-up Procedure 46 INSTRUCTIONS 47 Addressing Modes 47 Instruction Formats 51 Detailed Processor Instructions 52 III 2650 ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE INTRODUCTION 93 LANGUAGE ELEMENTS 97 Characters 97 Symbols 97 Constants 97 Multiple Constant Specifications 99 Expressions 99 Special Operators 100 SYNTAX 101 Fields 101 Symbols 102 Symbolic References 102 Symbolic Addressing 102 PROCESSOR INSTRUCTIONS 105 DIRECTIVES TO THE 2650 ASSEMBLER 106 THE ASSEMBLY PROCESS 115 Assembly Listing 118 IV 2650 SIMULATOR INTRODUCTION 123 SIMULATOR OPERATION 124 General 124 Simulated Processor State 124 Simulated Memory 125 Simulated Input/Output Instructions 125 USER COMMANDS 126 General 126 Command Formats 127 Command Descriptions 130 SIMULATOR DISPLAY (LISTING) 139 V APPENDIXES APPENDIX A MEMORY INTERFACE EXAMPLE 147 APPENDIX B I/O INTERFACE EXAMPLE 148 APPENDIX C INSTRUCTIONS, ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 149 APPENDIX D INSTRUCTION SUMMARY 151 APPENDIX E SUMMARY OF 2650 INSTRUCTION MNEMONICS . 160 APPENDIX F NOTES ABOUT THE 2650 PROCESSOR 162 APPENDIX G ASCII AND EBCDIC CODES 163 APPENDIX H COMPLETE ASCII CHARACTER SET 164 APPENDIX I POWERS OF TWO TABLE 165 APPENDIX J HEXADECIMAL-DECIMAL CONVERSION TABLES . -
!Ii!Ldolic!I a Subsidiary of U.S
Introduction to The SOTM Desktop Computer !ii!lDOliC!i a subsidiary of U.S. Philips Corporation Introduction to The Desktop Computer by J. E. Doll ·9jg10bG9 a subsidiary of U.S. Philips Corporation Signetics reserves the right to make changes in the products contained in this book in order to improve design or performance and to supply the best possible products. Signetics also assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits de scribed herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representations that the circuits are free from patent infringement. Applications for any integrated circuits contained in this publication are for illustration pur poses only and Signetics makes no representation or warranty that such applica tions will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification. Reproduction of any portion hereof without the prior written consent of Signetics is prohibited. © 1978 Signetics Corporation PREFACE Computers today are a pervasive part of our society. No longer the exclusive domain of large corporations, computers are now available to nearly everyone at a price comparable to good stereo equipment. Specialized computers are already being used in home appliances, video games, and automobiles. This manual is written especially for people just starting to explore the world of computers. It is designed to give you background information, an understanding of how computers work, and insights into their functions. As you read the manual, you will be introduced to a lot of new terminology. You are urged to pay particluar attention to these new terms, called "buzz words," as they are defined. -