DOCSLIB.ORG

Neb Yearbook 2016–2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Neb Yearbook 2016–2017 NEB YEARBOOK 2016–2017 NEB YEARBOOK 2016–2017 Committee of National Remembrance Budapest 2018 Edited by Réka Kiss and Zsolt Horváth Translation, development, and copy editing by Éva Misits © Office of the Committee of National Remembrance, 2018 © Barbara Bank, Kristóf Erdős, István Galambos, Martin Gulyás, Gergely Krisztián Horváth, Csaba Káli, Réka Kiss, Anita M. Madarász, Áron Máthé, Gabriella Müller, István Ötvös, István Simon, Viktor Attila Soós, Attila Szakolczai, Gábor Szilágyi, 2018 Published by the Office of the Committee of National Remembrance H-1088 Budapest, Vas utca 10. Responsible for the publication is the General Director of the Office of the Committee of National Remembrance Proofread by Gábor Szilágyi Layout by Júlia Varga Printed by SÉD Ltd. ISSN 2498-650X CONTENTS Introduction . 7 GERGELY KRISZTIÁN HORVÁTH Communist Agricultural Policy and Two Waves of Collectivization in Hungary . 11 ISTVÁN ÖTVÖS Political Trials and Their Utilization by the Hungarian Communist Dictatorship . 45 RÉKA KISS A Protestant Youth Association in the Early Cold War: The Persecution of the Hungarian YMCA by Communist State Security . .. 63 BARBARA BANK The Hungarian “Gulag”, 1945–1953 . 87 CSABA KÁLI Hungary’s Communist Party Elite in the “Long” fifties (1948–1962) . 121 ANITA M. MADARÁSZ British–Hungarian Cultural Diplomacy, 1953–1956 . 149 ISTVÁN GALAMBOS Self-Government During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956: the Establishment, Operation, and Scope of Competencies of the Várpalota Revolutionary Council . 167 5 MARTIN GULYÁS Characteristics of the Operation of the Revolutionary Workers’ Councils of 1956: Typical and Atypical Examples . 195 ATTILA SZAKOLCZAI The Internal Affairs of the Reprisals Following the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 . 225 KRISTÓF ERDŐS The “Clerical Reaction” in Court: the Only Convicted Clerical Victim of the Kádár Reprisals . 253 GABRIELLA MÜLLER Life Histories On Either Side of A “Counterrevolutionary” Political Trial . 275 VIKTOR ATTILA SOÓS “I Am Not Afraid!” The Life of Blessed János Brenner, the First Beatified Martyr of the Kádár Dictatorship . 291 ISTVÁN SIMON Prison Counterintelligence and Detention Intelligence at the Department of Investigation of the Hungarian Political Police in the Kádár Era: Organizational History and the Regulation of Agent Network Activities . 311 GÁBOR SZILÁGYI Financing Western Communist Parties After 1945: Decision-Making and Implementation Mechanisms . 329 ÁRON MÁTHÉ “Don’t You Know Your Own Partners?” Hungary and the Prague Spring of 1968 . 351 Authors . 379 6 INTRODUCTION Dear Reader, The Hungarian Committee of National Remembrance Nemzeti( Emlékezet Bizottsága, NEB) published its first yearbook in 2016, and now we proudly present our second one. Established by the Hungarian National Assembly in February 2014, the Committee was charged with the double task of scientific research and awareness raising. Beyond conducting systematic and comprehensive research on the communist dictatorship’s power mechanisms, key organizations, and cadre policy, and uncovering generations of individual and collective trauma, we also help preserve the memory of the dictatorship by informing public opinion on the subject and paying our respects to the victims of the Hungarian communist regime. The present volume provides an overview of the last two years of scientific research by the Committee, as well as the professional interests of the members of the Committee and our regular and contracted researchers. The studies presented in this yearbook are arranged in chronological order, and center around three major themes or avenues of research. The first group of studies focuses on certain aspects of the mechanisms of the Hungarian communist dictatorship. Gergely Krisztián Horváth provides an overview of the violent transformation of agricultural production between 1945 and the early 1960s, which led to the elimination of traditional peasant society as well as severe and lasting sociohistorical consequences. István Ötvös analyzes political trials in Hungary to demonstrate the strategic use of judicial instruments by communist leadership to achieve certain political objectives, which was a common practice in the dictatorial regimes of the Soviet Bloc. These also used methods beyond the law to oppress civil society, as shown by Barbara Bank’s overview of the history of internment, forced labor camps, and forced relocation in Hungary. Csaba Káli discusses the specificities of the communist 7 NEBYEARBOOK 2016–2017 cadre system, the recruitment of political functionaries, and the operation of the party apparatus in the “long” 1950s (from 1948 until the early 1960s). Anita M. Madarász presents another side of the dictatorial regime through a discussion of the early Cold War phase of British‒Hungarian cultural and diplomatic relations. István Simon gives an overview of the prison and detention agent networks of the political police in the Kádár era, which were special informant networks comprised of convicts and detainees who were recruited to carry out observation work at prisons and during political investigations. Gábor Szilágyi examines the history of legal and illegal financial aid to Western European communist parties, which was an integral part of the system’s working since one of its main traits was to support the political objectives of the Soviet Union. Lastly, Áron Máthé discusses the internal and external affairs of Hungary in the late 1960s with regard to Hungary’s participation in the August 1968 military occupation of Czechoslovakia, which was orchestrated by the Soviet Union to disrupt the Prague Spring reform process. The second group of studies focuses on one particular aspect of the com- munist dictatorship, the ideological struggle against religion in the form of the overt or covert persecution of the churches. From the very beginning, the atheistic communist party made significant efforts to eliminate religious traditions and their institutional framework, however, its objectives, strategies, and instruments might have changed over time. Due to the historical coexistence of several religious denominations in Hungary, analyzing the parallels and differences between the treatment and persecution of these churches provides an insight into the religious dimensions of communist oppression. In this volume, we included two case studies on the various aspects and correlations of communist church policy. Réka Kiss analyzes the political procedures initiated against the leaders of the Hungarian YMCA, the largest Protestant youth organization in Hungary to discuss the fluctuating objectives of, and state security involvement in communist policy towards churches and society; and Viktor Attila Soós reconstructs the murder case of János Brenner – a Catholic priest brutally murdered in 1957 for political reasons and beatified in 2018 as a martyr of the communist regime – and the relevant investigation and court procedures, which were deliberately derailed by the authorities to suppress the truth and protect the perpetrators. Finally, the third group of studies examines the history of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, which is not only the most internationally well-known event of twentieth-century Hungarian history, but also constitutes an important 8 NEBYEARBOOK 2016–2017 chapter of the global history of the Cold War, as it marked the greatest challenge the Soviet Union had faced from its European satellite states. Although the Hungarian events of 1956 have been extensively discussed in national as well as international literature, the history of the revolution continues to raise open questions requiring further scientific scrutiny. In their studies, István Galambos and Martin Gulyás discuss the process of revolutionary self-organization and different types of spontaneously established democratic institutions by analyzing the operation of local revolutionary councils and workers’ councils, respectively. On the other hand, three studies focus on the reprisals following the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. Attila Szakolczai examines reprisal trials to analyze the logic of the investigation and court procedures, the specificities of the cooperation between the investigating and judicial bodies, and the political considerations and motives of communist leadership, while Kristóf Erdős and Gabriella Müller focus on two particular cases. Erdős examines the case of Lajos Gulyás, a Reformed pastor who was arrested, tried, and executed on false charges, and Müller discusses the trial of Géza Péch, a voluntary rescue driver who became involved in the rear-guard struggles of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 as a liaison between different revolutionary groups. Since its establishment four years ago, the Committee of National Remembrance has organized a total of thirty-three national and international scientific conferences and published twenty-five volumes. The members and researchers of the Committee have also held approximately 400 national and international awareness-raising and scientific presentations, and compiled several online databases available to the general public. We trust that this yearbook will give our readers an account of the past two years of research by the Committee, which continues its commitment to historical research, analysis, and interpretations of the events of the recent past for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the Soviet system in Hungary and the international dimensions of the communist dictatorship. Budapest, September 2018. The Editors 9 GERGELY KRISZTIÁN HORVÁTH
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Act Cciii of 2011 on the Elections of Members Of
    Strasbourg, 15 March 2012 CDL-REF(2012)003 Opinion No. 662 / 2012 Engl. only EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) ACT CCIII OF 2011 ON THE ELECTIONS OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT OF HUNGARY This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-REF(2012)003 - 2 - The Parliament - relying on Hungary’s legislative traditions based on popular representation; - guaranteeing that in Hungary the source of public power shall be the people, which shall pri- marily exercise its power through its elected representatives in elections which shall ensure the free expression of the will of voters; - ensuring the right of voters to universal and equal suffrage as well as to direct and secret bal- lot; - considering that political parties shall contribute to creating and expressing the will of the peo- ple; - recognising that the nationalities living in Hungary shall be constituent parts of the State and shall have the right ensured by the Fundamental Law to take part in the work of Parliament; - guaranteeing furthermore that Hungarian citizens living beyond the borders of Hungary shall be a part of the political community; in order to enforce the Fundamental Law, pursuant to Article XXIII, Subsections (1), (4) and (6), and to Article 2, Subsections (1) and (2) of the Fundamental Law, hereby passes the following Act on the substantive rules for the elections of Hungary’s Members of Parliament: 1. Interpretive provisions Section 1 For the purposes of this Act: Residence: the residence defined by the Act on the Registration of the Personal Data and Resi- dence of Citizens; in the case of citizens without residence, their current addresses.
    [Show full text]
  • CONTINUITY and CHANGE in EARLY MEDIEVAL LANDSCAPES in WESTERN HUNGARY (POSSIBILITIES for RESEARCH)1 Réka Virágos As a Principl
    CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN EARLY MEDIEVAL LANDSCAPES IN WESTERN HUNGARY (POSSIBILITIES FOR RESEARCH)1 Réka Virágos As a principle, the major parameters of any territory can be described by its geographical and natural features. The most important are terrain configur- ations, hydrogeology, soils, vegetation, and fauna. These are the characteristics which fundamentally determined the settlement of people in the past. People changed an environment and the land became a cultural landscape. The same is true in the case of western Hungary, which went through a remarkable change, mainly in the Roman period. This change had a strong effect that continued into post-Roman times and posed a challenge for the new populations that appeared in the region. In this article I will show the possibilities and expectations for further research concerning the post-Roman landscape of Western Hungary,2 formerly part of the Roman province Pannonia. At the present stage of research, my main goal is to take the archaeological sources, methods, and potential problems into account, and, additionally, to scrutinize questions about the changes of landscape management and landscape use in this period.3 Theoretical and Methodological Considerations Archaeological research on the fifth- to the eighth-century in Hungary has revealed mainly cemeteries; therefore, scholars have examined this period predominantly through burials and grave goods (that is, single objects or object types). These scholars had to face a number of problems in the case of other features such as fragmentary remnants of settlements originating after the 1 This article is an extended version of the paper “Continuity and Change of Land- scapes in the Early Middle Ages,” given at the conference Translatio, Transformatio (Changes of Late Antique and Early Medieval Christian Cult Places and Sites in the Middle Ages) held in the Department of Medieval Studies at CEU, Budapest, 16 September 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Soviet Military Power 1981.P65
    The more constructive East-West relationship which the Allies seek requires tangible signs that the Soviet Union is prepared to abandon the disturbing buildup of its military strength, to desist from resorting to force and intimidation and to cease creating or exploiting situations of crisis and instability in the Third World. From the Communique of the NATO Foreign Ministers Meeting May 1981 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS I SOVIET MILITARY POWER 5 II MILITARY RESOURCE ALLOCATION 9 III ORGANIZATION OF SOVIET ARMED FORCES 15 IV SOVIET THEATER FORCES 25 V SOVIET STRATEGIC FORCES 53 VI QUEST FOR TECHNOLOGICAL SUPERIORITY 71 VII SOVIET GLOBAL POWER PROJECTION 83 VIII THE CHALLENGE 95 The illustrations of new Soviet weapons systems introducing each chapter are derived from various U.S. sources; while not precise in every detail, they are as authentic as possible. PREFACE The Soviet Armed Forces today number more than 4.8 million men. For the past quar- ter century, we have witnessed the continuing growth of Soviet military power at a pace that shows no signs of slackening in the future. All elements of the Soviet Armed Forces -the Strategic Rocket Forces, the Ground Forces of the Army, the Air Forces, the Navy and the Air Defense Forces continue-to modernize with an unending flow of new weapons systems, tanks, missiles, ships, artil- lery and aircraft. The Soviet defense budget continues to grow to fund this force buildup, to fund the projection of Soviet power far from Soviet shores and to fund Soviet use of proxy forces to support revolutionary factions and conflict in an increasing threat to international stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Reagan and the Soviet Union: Competing Military Strategies, 1980-1988
    4 Reagan and the Soviet Union: Competing Military Strategies, 1980-1988 David M. Glantz This essay evaluates the policies and military strategy introduced by U.S. Pres- ident Ronald Reagan vis-à-vis the Soviet Union, within the context of over forty years of intense strategic competition called the Cold War. The Cold War remained “cold” because the two competing countries emerged from the World War as victorious superpower with unchallenged military capabilities and un- precedented territories either under their control or within their spheres of in- fluence. Despite sharply differing ideologies and political systems, the United States and Soviet Union understood the risks and potential costs of war, espe- cially after both became atomic powers by the late 1940s. Both recognized that deliberately unleashing a world war was no longer a rational act. Given this unique constraint, the ensuing completion became a prolonged game of strategic “cat and mouse,” as the two counties jockeyed with each other for a more advantageous position militarily, politically, and economically. The instruments of this game were specific military strategies governing the nature of the competition and setting limits on the countries’ military actions, all of which acknowledged that the nuclear balance was quite literally a mutually-rec- ognized balance of terror. David M. Glantz, “Reagan and the Soviet Union: Competing Military Strategies, 1980-1988,” Essay, Enduring Legacy Project, John A. Adams ’71 Center for Military History & Strategic Analysis, Virginia Military Institute, 2014. 2 Conventional wisdom concerning the Cold War maintains that this “cat and mouse” game played out successfully, that is, relatively peacefully, because neither side was willing to violate the constraints imposed by this balance of ter- ror.
    [Show full text]
  • AFIO Periscope
    NEWSLETTER OF AFIO NATIONAL AND CHAPTER ™ PERISCOPE EVENTS, PLANS & NEWS Association of Former Intelligence Offi cers olumeV XXVI, Number 1, 2003 Boston Pops Meets the Men in Black Special AFIO Evening Hosted by Albano F. Ponte FIO recently held a ground-breaking event in Boston at The Changing Face Symphony Hall on of Intelligence Tuesday,A July 2, 2003. The Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra performed AFIO’s to a sold-out performance including one hundred AFIO members and National Intelligence supporters and AFIO President Gene Symposium 2003 Poteat, all of whom enjoyed a program titled An American Salute. at The National Reconnaissance Office, The Central Intelligence Agency, and other locales 1 - 4 November 2003 — Tyson’s Corner, VA Backstage post-concert were [L to R] AFIO Board member & ave the date! And make plane Symposium 2003 will be com- Endowment Fund Director Albano Ponte; Boston Pops conductor bined with the AFIO Convention and Keith Lockhart; AFIO President Gene Poteat, and AFIO Member and hotel reservations NOW. and Chairman of Boston Pops Event Committee Gary Wass.. The AFIO National Intelli- Awards Banquet again this year, but the gence Symposium 2003, 1 Banquet will start the event. The AFIO Conductor Keith Lockhart, led Sthrough 4 November 2003, will be Convention runs 1 and 2 November at the Boston Pops in a stirring patri- one of our best ever, with distinguished the Sheraton Premiere Hotel on Lees- otic program of American favorites speakers from the intelligence commu- burg Pike in Tysons Corner, Virginia. with guest performers soprano Indra nity, law enforcement, and homeland The Sixth Annual AFIO Awards Ban- Thomas and Pianist Michael Lewin.
    [Show full text]
  • Hungarian Studies Review
    y-Cungarian Studies Review Vol. X, Nos. 1 and 2 (1983) Special Volume HUNGARY AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR PART i: The Road to War S.B. Vardy, Eva S. Balogh, Thomas Sakmyster, Francis S. Wagner and N.F. Dreisziger discuss the long-term and immediate origins of Hungary's involvement in World War II. part ii : The Search for Peace Istvan I. Mocsy, Leslie Laszlo, Mario D. Fenyo and Janos Horvath write on the themes of opposition to collaboration and the search for a way to end the war. Introductory essays by N.F. Dreisziger. Comments on the war-time diaries of Cardinal Seredi by Leslie Laszlo. Book reviews by T.L. Sakmyster and S. Antal. Photographs. Hungarian Studies Review The Hungarian Studies Review, formerly the Canadian- American Review of Hungarian Studies is a semi-annual EDITORS interdisciplinary journal devoted to the publication of original George Bisztray, University of articles and critical book reviews relating to Hungary and Toronto Hungarians. Since its launching in 1974, the Review has been Nandor Dreisziger, Royal Military committed to the policy of providing a non-partisan forum for College of Canada the scholarly discussion and analysis of issues in Hungarian history, politics and cultural affairs. ASSISTANT EDITOR Susan M. Papp The Review is published by the Hungarian Readers' Service in collaboration with the University of Toronto's Chair of EDITORIAL ADVISERS Hungarian Studies. Marianna D. Birnbaum, UCLA Robert Blumstock, McMaster Uni- Institutional subscriptions to the Review are $12.00 per versity annum. Individual subscriptions are $12.00 for one year and Scott Eddie, University of Toronto $20.00 for two years.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents Item Transcript
    DIGITAL COLLECTIONS ITEM TRANSCRIPT Evsey Epshtein. Full unedited interview, 2009 ID LA006.interview PERMALINK http://n2t.net/ark:/86084/b4s756n0f ITEM TYPE VIDEO ORIGINAL LANGUAGE RUSSIAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM TRANSCRIPT ENGLISH TRANSLATION 2 CITATION & RIGHTS 13 2021 © BLAVATNIK ARCHIVE FOUNDATION PG 1/13 BLAVATNIKARCHIVE.ORG DIGITAL COLLECTIONS ITEM TRANSCRIPT Evsey Epshtein. Full unedited interview, 2009 ID LA006.interview PERMALINK http://n2t.net/ark:/86084/b4s756n0f ITEM TYPE VIDEO ORIGINAL LANGUAGE RUSSIAN TRANSCRIPT ENGLISH TRANSLATION Evsey Epshtein introduces himself and recounts what he calls his father’s “interesting fate.” - Today is March 9, 2009. We are in Los Angeles meeting with a veteran of the Great Patriotic War. Please, introduce yourself, tell us about what you remember about your childhood and prewar life, about the family you grew up in, what schools you attended, what did your parents do, how you ended up in the Red Army and your war experience. Please. My name is Epshtein, Evsey Semyonovich. I was born in Kharkov [Kharkiv] on April 6, 1923. My parents were Lyubov Evseevna and Semyon Faddeevich. My mother was a dentist and my father an accountant. My father had a very interesting fate. He was born to a large Jewish family and was the only boy among his siblings. All except one of the women had an education. My father also did not receive an education. He had a tense relationship with his mother. My grandmother – I do not remember her last name – but I do remember her as a very strict woman. My father fell in love with a very beautiful woman.
    [Show full text]
  • Földtani Közlöny
    Földtani Közlöny A MAGYARHONI FÖLDTANI TÁRSULAT FOLYÓIRATA БЮЛЛЕТЕНЬ ВЕНГЕРСКОГО ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБШЕСТВА BULLETIN DE LA SOCIÉTÉ GÉOLOGIQ DE HONGRIE ZEITSCHRIFT DER UNGARISCHEN GEOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT BULLETIN OF THE HUNGARIAN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 101. kötet ELSŐ SZÁM FÖLDTANI KÖZLÖNY A MAGYARHONI FÖLDTANI TÁRSULAT FOLYÓIRATA 101. KÖTET TARTALOMJEGYZÉK — СОДЕРЖАНИЕ - CONTENU ÉRTEKEZÉSEK - НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ - MÉMOIRES JUHÁSZ Â.: A Duna—Tisza köze harmadidőszaki vulkanitjai — Tertiäre Vulkáni te des Donau-Theiss- Zwischenstromlandes 1—12 RÓZSAVÖLGYI J.—SAJGÓ CS.: Néhány paleozóos és raezozóos üledékes kőzet bitumentartalmának vizsgá­ lata — Untersuchung des Gehaltes an organischer Substanz in einigen paläozoischen und mesozoischen Sedimentgesteinen 13—25 BÉRCZiNÉ, MAKK ANIKÓ: A bácskai paleo-mezozóos rögvonulat folytatása az öttömösi területen — Exten­ sion of the subsurface grab en-and-hörst range of the Bácska into the Öttöraös area, South Hungary 26—33 MOLNÁR В.: A dunaújvárosi felsópannóniai és pleisztocén képződmények üledéktani vizsgálata — Litho- logische Untersuchung der oberpannonischen und pleistozänen Ablagerungen von Dunaújváros 34—43 Da. SIDÓ MÁRIA: A bakonyi és vértesi rotalliporás-turriliteszes márgaösszlet Foraminifera-társulásai — Les associations de Eorammifères de l'ensemble de la marne à Rotalipores et Turrilites, dans Jles Monta­ gnes du Bakony et de Vértes ". 44—54 RÖVID KÖZLEMÉNYEK - КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ - NOTICES DU. KLEB В.: Kőzetminősítés Schmidt kalapáccsal építésföldtani térképezés keretében — Einschätzung von Gesteinen mit Schmidt'schein Hammer im Rahmen von ingenieurgeologischen Kartierung 55—61 NAGY В.: A mátra-hegységi földtani képződmények áttekintő geokémiai vizsgálata — Regional survey of the Mátra mountains geological formations from the point of view of geochemistry 62—68 DR. VIÖZIÁN L: A dioktaéderes kloritok nevezéktanának egy magyar vonatkozása — Ein ungarischer Bei­ trag zur Nomenklatur dioktaedrischer Chlorite 69—70 CZAKÓ T.: Cholnoky Jenő születésének 100.
    [Show full text]
  • Hungarian Rhapsody Personalities Compiled by Chip Saltsman
    Hungarian Rhapsody Personalities Compiled by Chip Saltsman The battles in Hungary during late 1944 and early 1945 featured an interesting cast of characters, some for their infamy and some for the mark they would make on the world stage in the years after the war. Leonid Brezhnev (December 19, 1906 - November 10, 1982) – Major General Leonid Brezhnev (center figure in the photo), is the future leader of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982. Helped in his rise by political patron Nikita Khrushchev, Brezhnev was the Political Officer of the 18th Army in the Caucasus, particularly supporting their landings at Novorossiysk (about which he wrote a book named “The Little Land”). During the Hungarian Rhapsody Campaign, Brezhnev was the Chief of the Political Directorate of the 4th Ukrainian Front (the white frame units in the northern part of the map). Oskar Dirlewanger (26 September 1895 – 7 June 1945) was arguably the evilest man in the Nazi SS. Dirlewanger served in France during World War I, was wounded 6 times, and apparently emerged shattered by the frenzied violence and barbarism of years in the trenches. This, combined with an amoral personality, alcoholism, and sadistic sexual orientation, determined his path to “terror warfare” in the Second World War. He was a member of the Freikorps and active with the SA between the wars, embezzling money from his employers which he funneled to the SA. He fought in the Spanish Civil War as a member of the Condor Legion, and was wounded three more times. At the start of World War 2, he joined the Waffen SS with the rank of Obersturmführer (first lieutenant), and eventually became the commander of the so-called Dirlewanger Brigade.
    [Show full text]
  • Önkormányzati Telefonlista-2019.02.15
    2019.02.15 Fejér Megye Önkormányzata 8000, Székesfehérvár, Szent István tér 9. Közgy űlés elnöke: Dr. Molnár Krisztián Tel.: 22/522-503 Fax: 22/522-574 Email: [email protected] Főjegyz ő: Dr. Kovács Zoltán Tel.: 22/522-514 Fax: 22/312-144 Email: [email protected] Település Polgármester Jegyzõ Irszám A hivatal címe Telefon E-mail Aba Kossa Lajos Eszterbauer Erzsébet 8127 Rákóczi u. 12. 06/22/ 430-002 [email protected] Adony Ronyecz Péter Földi Ilona 2457 Kossuth L. u. 4. 06/25/ 504-550 [email protected] Alap Méhes Lajosné Csalovszkiné Mezei Zsuzsanna 7011 Dózsa György u. 31. 06/25/ 221-102 [email protected] Alcsútdoboz Tóth Erika _ Közös hivatal: Felcsút 8087 József Attila u. 5. 06/22/ 594-070 [email protected] Alsószentiván Husvéth Imre _ Közös hivatal: Alap 7012 Béke u. 56/a. 06/25/ 224-501 [email protected] Bakonycsernye Turi Balázs Fidrich Tamásné 8056 Rákóczi u. 83. 06/22/ 413-001 [email protected] Bakonykuti Marics József _ Közös hivatal: Iszkaszentgyörgy 8046 Szabadság u. 41. 06/22/ 595-001 [email protected] Balinka Wéninger László _ Közös hivatal: Bakonycsernye 8055 Pet őfi Sándor u. 34. 06/22/ 411-506 [email protected] Baracs Várai Róbert Dr. Horváth Zsolt 2427 Táncsics u. 27. 06/25/ 521-010 [email protected] Baracska Boriszov Zoltán Szeleczkyné Szabó Katalin 2471 Kossuth u. 29. 06/22/ 454-050 [email protected] Beloiannisz Papalexisz Kosztasz _ Közös hivatal: Adony 2455 Szarafisz u. 2. 06/25/ 898-055 [email protected] Besny ő Fejes Zsuzsanna _Közös hivatal: Iváncsa 2456 Fő u.
    [Show full text]
  • Spymaster: My Thirty-Two Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West
    0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page i SPYMASTER 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page ii This page intentionally left blank 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page iii SPYMASTER My Thirty-two Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West OLEG KALUGIN Basic Books A Member of the Perseus Books Group 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page iv Copyright © 2009 by Oleg Kalugin Published by Basic Books, A Member of the Perseus Books Group Originally published in 1994 in the United States by St. Martin’s Press as The First Directorate Published in 1994 in the United Kingdom by Smyth Gryphon as Spymaster All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address Basic Books, 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016-8810. Books published by Basic Books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases in the United States by corporations, institutions, and other organizations. For more information, please contact the Special Markets Department at the Perseus Books Group, 2300 Chestnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA 19103, or call (800) 810-4145, ext. 5000, or e-mail [email protected]. Designed by Brent Wilcox A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN-13: 978-0-465-01445-3 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 12/3/08 12:52 PM Page v CONTENTS PROLOGUE vii 1 A Stalinist Boyhood 1 2 Initiation 9 3 America 27 4 Washington Station 65 5 Philby 135 6 The Spy Game 167 7 Collision 271 8 Exile 335 9 Rebirth 385 10 KGB on the Run 417 EPILOGUE 435 INDEX 449 v 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page vi This page intentionally left blank 0465014453-Kalugin.qxd 11/24/08 10:25 AM Page vii PROLOGUE The ones whose souls and hearts are filled with high purpose, these are living ones.
    [Show full text]
  • The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 Volume I Organization and History
    The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 Volume I Organization and History Leo W.G. Niehorster 2 The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 – 1945 by Leo W.G. Niehorster Copyright © 1998 and 2010 by Leo W.G. Niehorster All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, no portion of this book may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the pub- lisher. Neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility for the use or misuse of information contained in this book. The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 3 CONTENTS Page Foreword .................................................................................................................................. 4 Hungarian Military Organizational Symbols................................................................................ 5 A Short Review of Hungarian History up to 1920 ....................................................................... 6 Part I The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 – 1941 Chapter 1 Hungary Between the Wars ................................................................................... 16 Chapter 2 Military Organization and the Armed Forces ........................................................ 21 Chapter 3 The Ground Forces to 1941 ................................................................................... 38 Chapter 4 The Air Force to 1941............................................................................................ 54 Chapter 5 The River Forces to 1941 .....................................................................................
    [Show full text]