BURKINA FASO Burkina Faso Humanitarian Situation Report Humanitarian N03 Situation Report
May 2019 Situation in number
HighlightsSeptember 2018 31 May 2019
Since the last report, 21,500 new IDPs have been registered, reaching a total of 170,447 by 17 May. The Centre-Nord region has recorded the highest increase of IDPs 672,000 mainly due to the clash between two communities in Arbinda (Sahel region) in April. # children in need of humanitarian assistance Access to the emergency-affected zones remains a concern for the humanitarian (Interagency Emergency Plan Burkina Faso actors, in Boucle du Mohoun, Sahel, Nord, Centre Nord and Est regions. Given the 2019) out of rapidly growing humanitarian needs, the number of IDPs and overall population in 1.2 M need of humanitarian assistance for 2019 might be much higher than initially # people in need (Interagency Emergency estimated. Under the coordination of OCHA, the humanitarian actors will update the Humanitarian Response Plan in June. The UNICEF Humanitarian Action for Children Plan Burkina Faso 2019) (HAC) will also be revised accordingly. 101,000 • 170,447 IDPs registered as of 17 May, an increase of almost 21,500 IDPs # children displaced out of since the last report in April (OCHA, 17 May 2019). 170,447 • 37 health structures are closed and 50 are working with minimum services in # Internally displaced persons (IDPs) registered five regions, affecting an estimated 370,000 persons (Ministry of Health). (OCHA 17 May 2019) • 330,000 children (46.4 per cent girls) are without access to education as there are 2,024 schools closed in four regions (Ministry of Education, 24 May 2019). 330,000 • 410 incidents (involving 409 deaths and 207 injured) have been registered # children without access to education due to since January 2018 (OCHA, 17 May 2019), from which 69 during the school closure reporting period (157 since January 2019) • In 2019, 28,494 children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have been treated in the country, of which 6,311 SAM children were admitted in April 25,074 2019 (national information health system, Endos 2019). # Malian refugees (OCHA 17 May 2019)
UNICEF’s Response with Partners Funding status 2019 (US$)* UNICEF Sector/Cluster HAC indicators 2019 Target Target UNICEF Appeal 2019 (HAC) Results* Results 2019 2019 US$36.5 million Carry Over # children aged 6 to 59 months with SAM admitted 133,066 29,111 133,066 29,111 $4.2 m for treatment 31 ctober 2018 Funds # children aged 6 to 59 months vaccinated against Gap received 29,302 49,769 measles $29,4 $2,8 # pregnant women in emergency-affected areas (81%) received two long-lasting insecticide-treated 21,360 ---- Requirement mosquito nets $36.4 m # people accessing the agreed quantity of water for 30,000 19,749 50,000 40,451 30,000 600 50.000 5,050 drinking, cooking and personal hygiene
# children reached with psychosocial support, including access to child-friendly spaces/other safe 35,800 11,146 64,295 12,460 spaces # out-of-school children aged 3 to 17 years affected by crisis accessing formal or non-formal basic 76,592 7,400 76,592 7,400 * Funds available includes funding received for education the current appeal year as well as carry-forward from previous year
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Situation Overview and Humanitarian Needs During the reporting period, 21,500 new internally displaced persons (IDPs) have been registered, reaching a total of 170,447 IDPs by 17 May. Of 170,447 these, 101,000 are children (59 per cent). Among the IDPs, 63 per cent are in the Sahel region, while 32 per cent are in the Centre-Nord region. This region hosts the two biggest IDP sites (Foubé and Barsalogho) and recorded the highest increase of IDPs. The clash between two communities in Arbinda (Sahel region) in April has led to the arrival of more than 7,000 new IDPs in this region.
Despite the military operation that started by mid-May in the Nord, Centre-Nord and Sahel regions to secure the zones, incidence of attacks by non-state armed groups continued to increase in those regions, as well as in the Est and Boucle du Mouhoun regions. These attacks and threats target state institutions, security forces, and schools. In the Sahel region, out of 46 townhalls, four have been destroyed and 11 are temporarily closed due to the attacks.
As of 31 May, 37 health facilities (out of 816) were closed in five regions1. The most affected health districts are Djibo (Sahel region) with 11 health facilities closed (out of 41), followed by Barsalogho (Centre-Nord region) with nine facilities closed (out of 14) and Tougan (Boucle du Mohoun region) with five facilities closed (out of 39). Around 50 health facilities in these regions (including 33 in the Sahel region) are operating at reduced or minimum services. On 4 May, two community health workers have been killed in the health district of Gorom-Gorom (Sahel region) by unknown armed men. Given the situation, an estimated 370,000 population (including estimated 218,000 children) have no or limited access to nutrition and health services.
Despite the efforts of the government to ensure the Number of closed schools due to insecurity continuity of education, schools are still a target of and students affected attacks and threats by non-state armed groups. The 2,500 350,000 deteriorating security has led to a substantial increase 300,000 in the number of schools closed from 1,088 on 24 April 2,000 250,000 to 2,024 on 24 May, affecting 330,292 children (158,541 1,500 200,000 girls) and 9,285 teachers (source: MoEducation). The most affected regions are Sahel (36.8 per cent of the 1,000 150,000 100,000 total of schools closed), Est (19.3 per cent) and Centre- 500 50,000 Est (17.3 per cent). - - 30 Jan 22 Feb 22 Mar 05 April 24 May 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 Since 15 April, six schools in the Sahel region have been used as shelter for IDPs, especially in Arbinda (Soum Number of closed schools Student affected Province) that hosts almost 10 per cent of the total IDPs of the country.
The 2018 national nutritional survey showed the highest prevalence of acute malnutrition (49 per cent of the total national caseload of SAM children) in the Nord, Centre-Nord, Est and Sahel regions which are the zones most affected by the ongoing humanitarian crisis. The displacement of populations and reduced access to health and nutrition services have further increased the vulnerability of population especially children and women, in the zones with the high malnutrition rate. In view of the situation, the Ministry of Health is planning a nutrition survey using the rapid SMART in June and July 2019, targeting the six provinces2 with the highest number of IDPs.
The new Child protection in emergency (CPiE) sub-group established in the Sahel region undertook an assessment in May among the IDPs inside the town of Dori. The assessment revealed that internally displaced children are sent to cities by their parents for labor (domestic labor for girls, masonry for boys). The main reason for child labor is the lack of foods and poverty at IDP households or families. The same assessment shows that adolescent girls are affected by child marriage and a high number of children are facing a high level of distress.
1 Sahel, Nord, Centre Nord, Est and Boucle du Mouhoun 2 Sanmatenga and Namentenga (Centre-Nord), Soum and Oudalan (Sahel), Gourma (Est), Yatenga (Nord) 2
Humanitarian Leadership and Coordination UNICEF Burkina Faso leads the Nutrition, Education, WASH sectors and the Child Protection (CP) area in close collaboration with government counterparts. Regular sector meetings are taking place at national and subnational (Sahel region) levels. The Child protection in emergency (CPiE) sub-group was established in the Sahel region under the joint leadership of UNICEF and the government. The sub-group carried out the assessment of CP needs for the IDP children in Dori. UNICEF also plays a role in the health in emergency sector led by the World Health Organization (WHO), as lead for child and mother care, including immunization.
The nutrition sector has started the elaboration of a nutrition preparedness and response plan to identify priority nutrition interventions targeting the Sahel, Est, Centre-Nord, Nord, Boucle du Mouhoun and Centre-Est regions. The plan will be integrated in the Response Plan 2019 which will be reviewed in June in view of the rapidly evolving situation and increased humanitarian needs. This exercise will be led by the coordination of humanitarian affairs (OCHA). UNICEF will contribute in the above-mentioned sectors as the lead agency and in the health sector. The C4D section will participate as a cross sectorial sector to ensure the inclusion of communication with and accountability to affected populations (AAP).
Humanitarian Strategy
UNICEF Burkina Faso emergency response plan is addressing the urgent needs of the population in seven regions (Sahel, Centre-Nord, Nord, Boucle du Mohoun, Est, Centre Est and Hauts Bassins) and 18 provinces which are directly affected by the crisis. The response plan is aligned with the Country Programme Document 2018-2020 (CPD) strategies, the interagency Response Plan 2019 and the government Stratégie d’extension du programme d’urgence pour le Sahel 2019-2021. UNICEF, in collaboration with the implementing partners, is supporting community-based services in the geographic zones where the government services have been suspended or severely restricted. In parallel, UNICEF continues to strengthen the national health and nutrition systems to build local resilience to continue deliver services in emergencies, including interventions in SAM prevention and treatment, and measles vaccination. Other priority areas to facilitate the access to formal and informal education for children affected by crisis and build schools’ resilience. Conflict-affected children receive comprehensive child protection services through decentralized child protection networks (municipality and province levels). UNICEF’s roles include the capacity development of the child protection networks and monitoring the quality of child protection services. UNICEF also continues to provide emergency responses in WASH to respond to immediate humanitarian needs while strengthening resilience through community-based interventions to ensure medium to longer-term WASH services.
Summary Analysis of the Programme Response Nutrition 6,311 new cases of SAM were treated in the community-based management of acute malnutrition programme (CMAM), including 710 cases admitted in inpatient facilities (IPF) and 5,601 in outpatient therapeutic programme (OTP). Since January 2019, 29,111 SAM children have been treated through CMAM. Of those, 14,400 children were in the four regions most affected by insecurity (Sahel, Centre-Nord, Est and Nord), representing 51 per cent of the total new admissions. Performance indicators of the CMAM program remain within the international SPHERE standards with 91,2 percent of cure rate, 1,5 percent of death rate and 7,4 percent of defaulter rate.
From 16 to 18 May 2019, UNICEF supported the screening for acute malnutrition among IDPs and host communities in the Kaya health district (Centre-Nord region). Through these interventions, 73, 911 children aged 6 to 59 months were screened. Among them, 1,472 were detected for MAM (moderate acute malnutrition) and 327 for SAM. All of them were referred to health centers for treatment. Screening for acute malnutrition - Kaya health district May 2019 Total screened MAM SAM % MAM %SAM 73,911 1,472 327 1.99% 0.44%
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Under the coordination of the Nutrition directorate, the MoH started in May the preparation of the first national round of vitamin A supplementation and deworming. The vitamin A supplementation will target 329,656 children aged 6 to 59 months while deworming will target 2,881,687 children aged 12 to 59 months. UNICEF provided 7,203 boxes of 500 capsules of vitamin A and 33,140 boxes of 100 tablets of mebendazole to be distributed by the government’s central purchasing office for essential generic drugs (CAMEG) to the health districts in the 13 regions. UNICEF will also support operation costs for the implementation of this campaign planned from 21 June 2019 to 20 July 2019. Since 2018, the screening of acute malnutrition has been integrated in high impact interventions at national level. The screening during the campaign in June will target 3,229,656 children.
In May, an additional 131,483 pregnant and lactating women with children under 24 months benefited from infant and young child (IYCF) counselling services at community level during mother-to-mother support groups sessions and home visits. Since January 2019, 313,615 women have benefited from this activity in Plateau-Central, Est, Nord and Sahel regions, representing 67,4 per cent of the annual target.
Health As of week 211,085 cases of measles were detected at national level, with 248 new cases in May: 49,5 per cent (123/248) in Centre-Nord (47), Sahel(31), Nord (45) (situation epidémiologique S22). The Centre-Nord region remains the most affected by measles with 269 cases (24.8 per cent), followed by Sahel with 139 cases (12,8 per cent) and the Nord with 102 cases (9,4 per cent). In the Centre-Nord, Barsalogho commune which hosts approximately 15 percent of the total number of IDPs has notified 58,7 per cent of cases (153/269). Although the number of new measles cases has decreased since April, between four and eight cases are reported weekly in Barsalgho in the Centre-Nord and Djibo in Sahel. No cases were notified in the Est and Nord region since W21.
Capacity building activities scheduled for May have not been started yet. Community health workers continue to make home visit to mothers and newborns when they have access. UNICEF has ordered medical kits to support emergency maternal and child health care.
Education The interventions supported by UNICEF and its partners Red Cross, Danish Refugee Council, Humanité et Inclusion and MoE during the reporting period included trainings on the Safe School approach, including psychosocial support (PSS) and conflict and disaster risk reduction. 2,450 teachers (789 women) and community actors (1,481 people/480 women) were trained in Boucle du Mohoun, Centre Nord and Nord regions. In May, an estimated 249,454 students (119,738 girls) received PSS support and 228,637 students (109,746 girls) benefitted from risk mitigation plans in 527 schools. The interventions took place in Sahel, Est, Centre-Nord and Boucle du Mohoun regions.
A heavy rainfall in Barsalogho municipality (Centre-Nord region) on 16 May destroyed shelters and temporary learning spaces (TLS) in Foube and Barsalogho IDP sites. UNICEF sent relief materials to set up new TLSs so that around 500 children from IDP communities could access education again.
To cope with the schools closed or being occupied by IDPs,the school authorities of Arbinda (Sahel region) have taken measures such as the transfer of 48 students (12 girls) from Djibo to Arbinda. The community also took the initiative to organize home-based schooling for 92 students (44 girls). As an alternative learning option, UNICEF is putting in place radio education programs based on elementary courses (languages, calculations, writing), coupled with transmission of child protection messages. UNICEF is also raising advocating authorities about not using schools as shelters for IDP and flood-affected people.
Through the radio education programme, lessons broadcast in reading/writing (645 times) and calculating (750 times) were provided between December 2018 and May 2019 in the Sahel region. This programme was done through local radio stations in the Soum and Oudalan provinces, and through the national radio and television broadcast (RTB) in the other provinces.
The number of out-of-school children affected by crisis who can access formal or non-formal basic education is still very slow. Security threats is the main reason of fear among parents who no longer want to send children to school. However, the insecurity has hindered the organization of grouping courses planned by the MoE in many areas of Sahel, Centre Nord, Nord, Boucle du Mohoun and Est regions. 4
Child Protection To respond to the increased number of displaced children in Dori, UNICEF requested its partner Coordination nationale des associations d’enfants et jeunes travailleurs (CNAEJTB) to extend the CPiE response to Dori to immediately respond to the specific needs of 579 children. Community dialogues were conducted to identify and set- up over 30 new community child friendly spaces (CFS) in Centre-Nord, Sahel, Nord and Est regions. The ongoing partnership with the ministry in charge of child protection, the CNAEJTB and Croix Rouge Burkina Faso (RCBF) reached 2,341 new IDP children (997 girls) in the Nord, Sahel and Centre Nord regions with child protection services.
Through its implementing partner CRBF, UNICEF provided 400 non-food items kits to highly vulnerable children identified in the CFSs in the Nord region. In addition, 130 households hosting 1,088 IDP children (439 girls) received cash transfer in Ouahigouya and Titao. The criteria to identify vulnerability included unaccompanied and/or separated children (UASC), children living with disability, victims of violence and orphans. Over 100 adolescents affected by emergency, including 51 girls, attended life skills education sessions on citizenship, peaceful cohabitation and civic responsibility.
WASH From January until May 2019, UNICEF supported WASH services have been provided to approximatively 42,425 people, including 23,973 women and girls. During the same period, 19,749 beneficiaries (9,948 women and girls) have been reached with water provision. Most of the beneficiaries (94 per cent) are IDPs in the Sahel and Centre-Nord regions. During the reporting period only, 8,017 people among the IDPs and host communities (4,058 women and girls) have gained access to clean water through thr distribution of aquatabs, the rehabilitation of nine hand pumps and the construction of six new ones in the Sahel and Centre Nord regions. These interventions launched by UNICEF and carried out by private drilling enterprises in Barsalogho, Kelbo and Dablo villages (Centre-Nord region), covered the needs of 3,000 people, according to Sphere standards .
Additionally, 22,569 (13,104 women and girls) new IDPs and host communities from Sahel and Centre-Nord regions received hygiene messages and supplies (menstrual hygiene management (MHM) kits, baby pots, 400 grams of soap per person, two buckets per household). The hygiene awareness sessions focused on handwashing, personal hygiene and environmental cleaning.
Finally, 1,040 new IDPs (541 women and girls) in Pensa (Barsalogho commune) have been provided with sanitation facilities including 20 emergency latrines equipped with handwashing devices and 13 showers. These IDPs are added to the 3,500 beneficiaries reached in the past months in Barsalogho.
C4D Through its partnership with the RCBF and Action communautaire pour le dévelopment (ACD), UNICEF supported radio-based programs, community dialogues and theater forums aiming at promoting good practices in health, child protection and peace-building. The radio-based programs also promoted accountability to affected populations (AAP) by delivering information about humanitarian assistance and available services in the Centre-Nord region. In May, a local radio in Kaya (capital of the Centre-Nord region) reaching the IDP sites of Foube and Barsalogho, has broadcasted five weekly programs with information and behavior messages on (i) restoring family links, (ii) peace and pacific cohabitation, (iii) children rights in emergency, (iv) psychosocial services available for people living with disabilities, (v) prevention of abuse of children in crisis and (vi) measles and meningitis. In addition, UNICEF’s partners in these dane two IDP sites reinforced key messages on newborn health, pregnancy and child immunization through community dialogues, theaters forums and door-to-door visits. In the Sahel region, UNICEF is supporting the regional health directorate to implement similar activities in the communities affected by the crisis.
Media and external communication UNICEF supported the logistics of a multimedia field mission to Barsalogho and Dori organized by OCHA. Audiovisual materials illustrating the United Nations’ interventions for IDPs are being produced by OCHA for external distribution. The materials also highlight UNICEF actions on nutrition; education and protection of children. In May, the Country Office produced the photo and media coverage of the field mission of Manuel Fontaine, Director of UNICEF Office of
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Emergency Programs (EMOPS) in Kaya and Dori. They were posted on Facebook and Twitter to contribute to UNICEF’s advocacy to call supports for children in emergency.
Funding In line with the Humanitarian Action for Children appeal 2019 (HAC) and the Interagency Emergency Plan (Plan d’urgence Burkina Faso 2019), UNICEF is requesting US$36,370,000 to meet the needs of the children in Burkina Faso. The funding gap as of the end of May 2019 remained at 81 per cent (US$29,4 million) of the appeal. During the reporting period, UNICEF-Burkina Faso received an additional allocation from the Global Humanitarian Thematic Fund. Education has the largest funding gap among the sectors although some contributions from development donors such Norway, Switzerland and Denmark (the last one through thematic fund) have been used for interventions to strengthen resiliency in schools (Safe School strategy and emergency school supplies). Although these are not emergency funds, they significantly contribute to the HAC target 2019
UNICEF Burkina Faso would like to recognize the generous contributions from key partners including Japan, Sweden and CERF. In addition, UNICEF recognizes the flexible and unearmarked funding received through the Global Humanitarian Thematic Fund.
Funds available (US$) Funding gap Requirements Funds Total Appeal Sector (US$) Received in Carry-Over available US$ % 2019 Nutrition 13,950,000 599,046 3,648,946 4,247,992 9,702,008 70% Health 850,000 178,450 140,000 318,450 531,550 63% WASH 5,000,000 1,274,000 107,500 1,381,500 3,618,500 72% Child Protection 1,720,000 663,416 230,500 893,916 826,084 48% Education 14,850,000 40,000 57,288 97,288 14,752,712 99% Total 36,370,000 2,754,912 4,184,234 6,939,146 29,430,854 81%
UNICEF Burkina Faso Facebook and Twitter UNICEF Burkina Faso Humanitarian Action for Children Appeal UNICEF Humanitarian Action for Children Appeal
Who to contact for Anne Vincent Rinko Kinoshita Roland Zongo more information Representative Deputy Representative Communication officer UNICEF Burkina Faso UNICEF Burkina Faso UNICEF Burkina Faso Tel: +262.25 491 101 Tel: +262.25 491 105 Tel: +262.25 491 125 Who to contact Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] for further
information: Saran Koly Anne Vincent Chief, Communication Representative UNICEF Burkina Faso UNICEF Burkina Faso Tel: +262.25 491 125 Tel: +262.25 491 101 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
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Annex A SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME RESULTS
UNICEF and IPs Sector response Overall Change Change Indicators 3 needs 2019 Total since last 2019 Total since last Target Results report Target * Results report ▲▼ ▲▼ NUTRITION #Children < 5 years old with SAM admitted into therapeutic feeding 133,066 29,111 ▲7,978 133,066 29,111 ▲7,978 programme #Pregnant and lactating women of children aged 0 to 23 months received 465,000 313,615 ▲131,483 465,000 313,615 ▲131,483 IYCF counselling HEALTH
#Children aged 6 to 59 months 29,3024 49,769 ---- vaccinated against measles #Pregnant women in emergency affected areas received two long lasting insecticide 21,360 N/A ---- treated mosquito nets #Mothers with new born children in emergency affected areas received at 21,360 7,975 ▲2,168 least one postnatal visit by a community health worker WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE #People accessing the agreed quantity of water for drinking, cooking and personal 30,000 19,749 ▲8,017 50,000 40,451 ▲8,017 hygiene #People accessing appropriate sanitation 24,000 4,540 ▲1,040 50,000 10,760 ▲1,040 facilities #People accessing hygiene awareness 100,000 40,925 ▲22,569 100,000 78,452 ▲22,569 interventions in the targeted regions CHILD PROTECTION #Children reached with psychosocial support, including access to child friendly 35,800 11,146 ▲2,341 64,295 12,460 ▲2,255 spaces/other safe spaces #Women and children provided with prevention or response interventions to 5,000 1,068 ----- 5,000 1,068 ---- address gender-based violence EDUCATION #Out of school children aged 3 to 17 years affected by crisis accessing formal or non- 76,592 7,400 ----- 76,592 7,400 ----- formal basic education #Children aged 3 to 17 years affected by crisis attending education in a classroom where the teacher has been trained in 374,839 327,154 ▲249,454 374,839 327,154 ▲249,454 psychosocial support and conflict/disaster risk reduction
3 In nutrition, sectors are the same for UNICEF and the sector 4 A review of the targets is being undertaken 7