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NUUK ART HUB Master’S of Architecture and Design Thesis by Inger Hohlweg and Calina Manisor

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NUUK ART HUB Master’S of Architecture and Design Thesis by Inger Hohlweg and Calina Manisor NUUK ART HUB Master’s of Architecture and Design Thesis by Inger Hohlweg and Calina Manisor Project Title: Greenland Art Hub. Adapting to a Changing Society Education: Master’s of Architecture and Design Level: Master’s Thesis Institution Aalborg University, DK Supervisors: Mads Dines Petersen PhD., Msc.Eng Peter Vilhelm Nielsen M.Sc. Ph.D., Period: 1 Feb 2016 - 25 May 2016 Pages: 158 Additional Material: Drawing Folder and USB Calina Miruna Manisor Inger Hohlweg 3 Special thank you to: Arch. Peter Barfoed of Tegnestuen Nuuk A/S, Eng. Kim Aardestrup of Nukissiorfiit; Wonderful people who helped us get a better insight of Nuuk and the Greenlandic cutlure Abstract The presented proposal dwells upon the imminent societal change in the Arctic environment. By means of analysis of the local traditions and present day environment, the proposal aims to house and promote a conscious and integrated social development of the modernizing society of Greenlanders. Therefore, Greenland Art Hub will encompass both The National Gallery of Greenlandic Art as wished by the Municipality, but also a Culture House with classrooms and workshops designed for accommodating the local artistic movement. From an architectural perspective, the proposal assesses an integrated design approach that focuses on creating a framework that is humble in relation to the existing environment. Moreover, great attention has been given to conscious design, where sustainable features and the architectural intention inform each other in a tectonic way ABSTRACT 5 Contents The proposal is introduced to the reader through the Abstract. Following this explanation, the Motivation and Methodology of the project are showcased. Program Synthesis Analysis The Ambition 16 Initial Consideration 16 The Vision 66 Greenland National Gallery 18 The Concept 67 The User 18 An Era of Change 20 Conceptual Approach 68 The Inuit Community 22 Local Art Scene The Proposal 24 The Site 24 Design Apparatus 72 Nuuk, West Greenland 26 The Proposal 72 Tuapannguit 28 Mapping 30 Initial Considerations 74 Microclimate 32 Site Considerations 76 Light Study 34 A Holistic Approach 78 The Place 34 Energy Strategy 82 Phenomenology 36 The Envelope 84 Serial View Exercise 38 The Arrival 86 Perception of the Site 39 Spaces for the City 88 Potential of the Site Layout 90 Indoor Environment 94 Framework Overall Light Strategy 98 41 Indoor Climate 100 Research 42 Materials 102 Vernacular Architecture 44 Local Building Tradition 46 The Atrium 104 Extreme Architecture 48 Point of Departure 104 The Culture House 50 Nuuk Kunst Museum 52 The National Gallery 106 Learning Spaces Spatial Considerations 106 54 Light Concept 108 Design Parameters 54 Indoor Climate 109 Sustainable Design 56 Energy and Indoor Environment 58 The Arts and Crafts Facilities 110 Room Program 60 Spatial Considerations 110 Atmospheres Light Concept 112 Indoor Climate 113 6 CONTENTS Synthesis Process Epilogue Design Development Contextual Approach 118 Conclusion 146 The Architecture 118 Reflection 147 Ideation 120 Experiences Within the Building 120 Bibliography 148 Orientation 122 Literature 148 The Atrium 124 Image List 151 Daylight Study in Atrium 126 Window Openings 128 Annex 152 Thermal Capacity 129 Fire Escape 152 Active Strategies 130 Local Art Scene 153 Hand Calculation for Air Change 153 Taking Shape 132 Rate in Classroom Form Development 132 Dimensions for Ventilation Channels 154 The Roof 134 Air Change Calculations 155 The Atrium 136 U-Values 156 Facade Development 138 Energy Calculations in Be10 157 Development of the Plan 140 BSim Results 158 CONTENTS 7 Fig. 1. Radiofjorden Housing Blocks Motivation In a world of continuous transition, the the resources have different boundaries traditions. However, it is interesting to greatest quality of men is adaptability. then in ‘continental‘ countries. compare the attitude of the Inuits with Either because of enforced climate that of other Indigenous people. While changes, or of geopolitical issues, man Thus, building sustainably in Greenland Inuits have great pride in their traditions, has always found a way in which to cope presents us with a challenge in terms Mongolians for example render some with the given situation. of determining the confinements of traditional beliefs as ‘for the poor‘. Such is our possibilities. This will enforce us to the example of the traditional ‘ger‘ house, truly understand not only the potential the dwelling being categorized as deficient Why Greenland of modern sustainable technologies by the middle class [Köçümkulkïzï and Depicting on this premise, Greenland as and principles, but also learn from the Waugh 2001]. Seeing this comparison, we know it now, has been undergoing vernacular way of building in order to we strongly believe that the establishment considerable transformation in the obtain a successful proposal that is of a venue that promotes local culture and structure of their day-to-day traditions. suitable for the local environment. values is essential. Attesting this narrative stands the desire of the indigenous peoples’ of the North Yet, further research has made us believe to make industrial use of their lands Why Art Hub that creating a place for the visitors of and resources, in order to develop their Initially relying on the proposal for the Nuuk is somehow a non-sustainable societies. competition led by Greenland National Art solution for the local economy. Given the Gallery, which supports the opportunity existing city with a population of approx. ‘Are Greenlanders competent enough of establishing a National Gallery of 16.000 inhabitants, we felt it essential to rule their own affairs and can they Art in Nuuk, we have seen the potential that, if a venue of such high potential administer the economic bonanza of creating a venue that nurtures and should be erected, then the venue should from the oil.’ promotes local art, as a means of modern also give something in return to the local [Sejersen, 2015, p.20] social development. community. This new direction sets the scene The initiative is encouraged by the Referencing the typology of the guildhall in for architectural development as to increased interest for the Indigenous such an extreme environment presents us accommodate the new industrial growth. traditions, which has lead to a growth in with the unique challenge of responding the number of visitors to Arctic countries to demanding social and environmental However, a main concern for this marginal such as Greenland and Iceland [Visit needs, as throughout the year there are part of the world is the lack of resources Greenland, 2015]. However, a main moments when indoor venues are the in terms of building materials, as well concern of the Inuit peoples, is that their only place where people can gather as the harsh arctic climate. Sustainable culture is so unique, and so far from [Slavid, 2009, p.58]. building in these conditions is still pristine modern standards, that it is hard to fully territory, as not only the climate, but also understand and empathize with their MOTIVATION 9 Methodology In order to propose a conscious and the interplay between analysis, synthesis through pictures, diagrams, texts and empathetic design in an environment and evaluation, highlighted in Lawson’s calculations in order to attest the accuracy placed so far away from the ‘known’, an writing on How Designers Think. This of the group‘s proposal. The information extensive analysis that encases different particular negotiation is for our project about the design shall be included in a scales and fields needs to be conducted. essential, as the chosen social and booklet, taking the reader through the natural context are different to what we design process, as well as present him/ perceive as ‘ordinary’. Therefore, within her with the finalized proposal. Problem Based Approach our process, a constant iteration between The departure point of the project is Knudstrup’s first four stages of design outlined by using the method concerning is stressed, as it has been essential for Sewing Architecture and Engineering problem based learning by highlighting us to propose a informed sustainable Integrated design implies the interweaving the hypothetical problem of adaptation design that is contextual in terms of of multiple aspects that consider both and integration. By means of research, architectural intention, conscious in terms the architectural expression as well analysis and testing the programme of the of environmental considerations, and as technical requirements. Following proposal has been outlined. In this sense, nonetheless iconic. this consideration, these aspects are a SWOT [Strong/ Weak/ Opportunities/ incorporated in the final solution. The Threats] analysis has been conducted, By using the Municipal plan that considers method is a fusion between problem- from which, based on a phenomenological the erection of a National Gallery of Art as based learning and professional understanding of the environment and the a point of departure, and by analyzing knowledge, from both architectural and society, the potential of the given site has the existing environment, alterations to engineering fields, with an emphasis on been assessed. Therefore, the problem the initial brief have been made in order social and environmental sustainability, has been formulated as a discontinuity to accommodate our findings. Hence, achieved in a tectonic manner. Moe between the traditional and the post- a new program has been made. The [2008, p.6] defines integrated design colonial Inuit
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