DOCSLIB.ORG

Congressional Record—Senate S2323

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Congressional Record—Senate S2323 March 19, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð SENATE S2323 Mr. President, I urge my colleagues Defense McNamara reorganize the De- and his country for another two dec- to read this book. Whether or not you fense Department's management and ades. have a friend or loved one who suffers command staffs. His intelligence, re- Bill's list of accomplishments is a from Alzheimer's, this book is an excel- sourcefulness, and easygoing manner long and impressive list. He has done lent tool for understanding the nature made him a man who could be de- more in his lifetime than most people of the disease. It is an informative pended on to handle great responsibil- ever dream of doing. He became an as- guide and it is an inspirational story. ity with grace, dignity, and diplomacy. sistant history professor at Dull Knife f His entire life was an example of that. Memorial College, located on the Roswell Gilpatric, a native of New Northern Cheyenne Reservation, teach- SHAWN AUSTIN York, attended Yale University. He ing oral traditions and ethno-botany Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, I am graduated with honors as a member of classes. From 1983 through 1995, he proud to bring to the attention of the Phi Beta Kappa and went on to Yale served as chairman of the Northern Senate, the courage and patriotism of a Law School where he became an editor Cheyenne Tribal Cultural Resource brave young Montanan. Shawn Austin, of the Law Journal. After his gradua- Program, and in 1990, he received the a Billings-born 21-year-old, was shot in tion in 1931, he joined the law firm of Montana State Historic Preservation the left shoulder while patrolling his Cravath, Swain & Moore where he rose Award becoming the first native Amer- base in Northern Bosnia. Shawn spot- to become a partner, and later presid- ican so honored by the State of Mon- ted an intruder trying to break in ing partner, from 1966 until his retire- tana. through his camp's perimeter. When ment in 1977. During these years he Bill was also instrumental in the for- Shawn challenged him, the intruder also made time for public service, first, mation of the Native American Grave opened fire. Shawn was hit, but he was as Undersecretary of the Air Force Protection and Repatriation Act, hav- able to return fire and the intruder from 1951 to 1953, and then as a member ing worked with former Senator Mel- fled. of the New Frontier, assisting Presi- cher of Montana on the initial draft of Fortunately, the bullet did not hit dent Kennedy. After his public service that legislation. He was later ap- any bones and caused little damage. in Washington, he returned to New pointed by former Secretary of the In- God willing, Shawn will be back on his York and became a director of the Fed- terior Manual Lujan, Jr., to sit on the feet very soon. He is the second soldier eral Reserve Bank of New York and committee which wrote the regulations in the American peace-keeping force in eventually its chairman. for this act. Bill was the only native Bosnia to be injured. And I think this From the beginning of his service as American to serve on that committee. occasion gives us a chance to pause and Deputy Secretary of Defense, Ros In his ongoing efforts to safeguard think deeply on our Nation's mission Gilpatric was a valued advisor to my the native American culture and herit- in this troubled part of the world. brother. As the years passed, he pro- age, Bill was a founder of the Medicine I spoke with Shawn's parents, Terry vided warm friendship and loyal sup- Wheel Alliance, an organization com- and Doreen, last week. They are proud port to all of us in the Kennedy family, mitted to preserving the Medicine of and concerned about their son. I and especially to Jackie after the loss Wheel National Historic Landmark in share their concerns. And I salute of President Kennedy. They shared an the Bighorn Mountains. This commit- Shawn Austin for his bravery in the interest in the arts and worked to- ment to landmark preservation led line of duty. He has paid a high price gether on many causes in his capacity President Clinton, in 1994, to appoint for our country. My thoughts and pray- as a trustee of NYU's Institute of Fine Bill to become the first native Amer- ers are with him and his family. Arts, the New York Public Library, and ican ever to serve on the Advisory f the Metropolitan Museum. Council on Historic Preservation, a na- Vicki joins me in expressing our tional panel committed to protecting THE DEATH OF ROSWELL deepest sympathy to his wife Mimi and historical landmarks across the coun- GILPATRIC his children, grandchildren, and great- try. Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I was grandchildren. I know that they take A professor, author, historian, and greatly saddened to hear of the death comfort and pride in his outstanding ethno-botanist, Bill was also a devoted of Roswell Gilpatric this past Friday. contributions to the Nation and New husband, father, and tribal elder. He As Deputy Secretary of Defense during York. Roswell Gilpatric served his was admired and respected by all who President Kennedy's administration, community and his country with great knew him, and his commitment to the he provided wise counsel throughout caring, commitment, and distinction. promotion of cultural awareness and to those thousand daysÐand especially President Kennedy paid him his high- the protection of the native American during times of great crisis. est compliment when said of him what heritage benefited all Americans, re- At the height of the Cuban missile we all say nowÐRoswell Gilpatric gardless of race or ethnicity. crisis, when the crucial decision had to made a difference. I was honored to have known this dis- be made on what course of action to f tinguished tribal leader, and his death takeÐan air strike or a blockadeÐ is a great loss for all of us. However, Roswell Gilpatric spoke up. His experi- PASSING OF TRIBAL ELDER I'm certain Bill would not have wanted ence and wisdom led him to say to Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, the his death to create a void where his President Kennedy that, ``Essentially, Northern Cheyenne and native Ameri- work is concerned. We can all learn this is a choice between limited action cans across the country are mourning from this great man and continue his and unlimited action, and most of us the loss of an elder, statesman, and work for cultural awareness and spir- think that it is better to start with ambassador for our people, and I would itual integrity of the land. There could limited action.'' At a very difficult mo- like to take a few moments to pay trib- be no better tribute to such a man as ment, President Kennedy's respect for ute to this extraordinary man whose Bill Tallbull. Ros Gilpatric's good judgment helped death is a great loss not only for all In- f to reinforce his own instincts that it dian nations but for the entire country. would be best to start with a course of William ``Bill'' Tallbull's life exem- THE VALUE OF LIFE: HARVEY C. limited action. We now know what offi- plifies service and dedication to one's KRAUTSCHUN DAY IN SOUTH DA- cials did not know thenÐthat the con- country and people. A World War II KOTA sequences of an air strike could have veteran, Bill spent much of his life on Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. President, men triggered a nuclear exchange, the re- the Northern Cheyenne Reservation are measured by both word and deed, sults being too terrible to imagine. serving his tribe, including a position yet the greater measure of man is by Ted Sorensen said that Roswell as a councilman for the Northern Chey- their deeds. A man's deeds shape the Gilpatric was an ``indispensable'' man enne. He retired in 1972, and while most character of mankind. Our active pro- in the administration of President Ken- people dream of retirement, Bill was tection of human life is a monumental nedy, as his impact in the Cuban mis- not the type of man to be idle. He came measure of mankind's character. Har- sile crisis illustrates. He was also valu- out of retirement a few short years vey Krautschun's deeds define the es- able in his effort to help Secretary of later, and went on to serve his tribe sence of ``being committed to life'' and.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Working Paper: Do Not Cite Or Circulate Without Permission
    THE COPENHAGEN TEMPTATION: RETHINKING PREVENTION AND PROLIFERATION IN THE AGE OF DETERRENCE DOMINANCE Francis J. Gavin Mira Rapp-Hooper What price should the United States – or any leading power – be willing to pay to prevent nuclear proliferation? For most realists, who believe nuclear weapons possess largely defensive qualities, the price should be small indeed. While additional nuclear states might not be welcomed, their appearance should not be cause for undue alarm. Such equanimity would be especially warrantedWORKING if the state in question PAPER: lacked DO other attributesNOT CITE of power. OR Nuclear acquisition should certainly notCIRCULATE trigger thoughts of WITHOUT preventive militar PERMISSIONy action, a phenomena typically associated with dramatic shifts in the balance of power. The historical record, however, tells a different story. Throughout the nuclear age and despite dramatic changes in the international system, the United States has time and again considered aggressive policies, including the use of force, to prevent the emergence of nuclear capabilities by friend and foe alike. What is even more surprising is how often this temptation has been oriented against what might be called “feeble” states, unable to project other forms of power. The evidence also reveals that the reasons driving this preventive thinking often had more to do with concerns over the systemic consequences of nuclear proliferation, and not, as we might expect, the dyadic relationship between the United States and the proliferator. Factors 1 typically associated with preventive motivations, such as a shift in the balance of power or the ideological nature of the regime in question, were largely absent in high-level deliberations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Air Force and the Cold
    THE AIR FORCE A N D T H E COLD WA R A P I C T O R I A L H I S T O RY COVER AIR FORCE ASSOCIATION The Air Force and the Cold War 1 The Air Force Association THE AIR FORCE The Air Force Association (AFA) is an independent, nonprofit civilian organization A N D T H E promoting public understanding of aerospace power and the pivotal role it plays in the se- curity of the nation. AFA publishes Air Force Magazine, sponsors national symposia, and disseminates information through outreach programs of its affiliate, the Aerospace Educa- tion Foundation. Learn more about AFA by visiting us on the Web at www.afa.org. COLD WA R The Aerospace Education Foundation The Aerospace Education Foundation (AEF) is dedicated to ensuring America’s aerospace excellence through education, schol- arships, grants, awards, and public awareness programs. The foundation also publishes a series of studies and forums on aerospace and national security. The Eaker Institute is the public policy and research arm of AEF. AEF works through a network of thousands of Air Force Association members and more than 200 chapters to distribute educational material to schools and concerned citizens. An example of this includes “Visions of Exploration,” an AEF/USA Today multidis- ciplinary science, math, and social studies program. To find out how you can support aerospace excellence, visit us on the Web at www.aef.org. © 2005 The Air Force Association Published by Aerospace Education Foundation 1501 Lee Highway Arlington VA 22209-1198 Tel: (703) 247-5839 Produced by the staff of Air Force Magazine Fax: (703) 247-5853 Design by Darcy Harris THE AIR FORCE A N D T H E COLD WA R A P I C T O R I A L H I S T O RY AIR FORCE ASSOCIATION DECEMBER 2005 By John T.
    [Show full text]
  • TUESDAY, M Y 1, 1962 the President Met with the Following of The
    TUESDAY, MAYMYI,1, 1962 9:459:45 -- 9:50 am The PrePresidentsident met with the following of the Worcester Junior Chamber of CommeCommerce,rce, MasMassachusettssachusetts in the Rose Garden: Don Cookson JJamesarne s Oulighan Larry Samberg JeffreyJeffrey Richard JohnJohn Klunk KennethKenneth ScScottott GeorgeGeorge Donatello EdwardEdward JaffeJaffe RichardRichard MulhernMulhern DanielDaniel MiduszenskiMiduszenski StazrosStazros GaniaGaniass LouiLouiss EdmondEdmond TheyThey werewere accorrpaccompaniedanied by CongresCongressmansman HaroldHarold D.D. DonohueDonohue - TUESDAY,TUESbAY J MAY 1, 1962 8:45 atn LEGISLATIVELEGI~LATIVE LEADERS BREAKFAST The{['he Vice President Speaker John W. McCormackMcCortnack Senator Mike Mansfield SenatorSenato r HubertHube rt HumphreyHUInphrey Senator George SmatherStnathers s CongressmanCongresstnan Carl Albert CongressmanCongresstnan Hale BoggBoggs s Hon. Lawrence O'Brien Hon. Kenneth O'Donnell0 'Donnell Hon. Pierre Salinger Hon. Theodore Sorensen 9:35 amatn The President arrived in the office. (See insert opposite page) 10:32 - 10:55 amatn The President mettnet with a delegation fromfrotn tktre Friends'Friends I "Witness for World Order": Henry J. Cadbury, Haverford, Pa. Founder of the AmericanAtnerican Friends Service CommitteeCOtntnittee ( David Hartsough, Glen Mills, Pennsylvania Senior at Howard University Mrs. Dorothy Hutchinson, Jenkintown, Pa. Opening speaker, the Friends WitnessWitnes~ for World Order Mr. Samuel Levering, Arararat, Virginia Chairman of the Board on Peace and.and .... Social Concerns Edward F. Snyder, College Park, Md. Executive Secretary of the Friends Committe on National Legislation George Willoughby, Blackwood Terrace, N. J. Member of the crew of the Golden Rule (ship) and the San Francisco to Moscow Peace Walk (Hon. McGeorgeMkGeorge Bundy) (General Chester V. Clifton 10:57 - 11:02 am (Congre(Congresswomansswoman Edith Green, Oregon) OFF TRECO 11:15 - 11:58 am H.
    [Show full text]
  • MORI Docid : 9625
    "'!;-·· - -~ -:;.:.:·,>;~T:-:'~~···o; MORI DociD : 9625 (b) (1) (b) (3) AEPROVED FOR RELEASE DATE : JUN 2003 MOR ID: 0 T.QP SECRET - (b) ( l) OFFICE OF SPECIAL ACTIVITIES (b) ( ) 1954-1968 CHRONOLOGY 1954 1 Feb Mr. Richard M. Bissell, Jr., is named Special Assistant to the Director for Planning and Coord­ ination (SA/PC/DCI) by the Director of Central Intelligence, Mr. Allen W. Dulles. 1 Jul SA/PC/DCI absorbs the Office of Intelligence Co­ ordination (except the Intelligence Advisory Committee Secretariat) and the Assistant Director for Intelligence Coordination, Mr. James Q. Reber, joins the Planning and Coordination Staff as Mr. Bissell's Assistant. 4 Jul The Hoover Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch establishes a task force under General Mark Clark to investigate CIA and answer Congressional criticism of the Agency. A Special Study Group, chaired by General James H. Doolittle, is assigned to investigate CIA's covert activities. 30 Sep The Doolittle group reports on its investigation of CIA and expresses the belief that every known tech­ nique should be used, and new ones developed, to increase U.S. intelligence by high altitud& photo­ graphic reconnaissance and other means. 9 Oct A Technological Capabilities Panel of the Office of Defense Mobilization's "Surprise Attack Committee" under Dr. James R. Killian is set up with Dr. Edwin H. Land, President of Polaroid, as Chairman. 5 Nov The Technological Capabilities Panet, Project 3, in a letter to the DCI, proposes a program of photo reconnaissance flights over the USSR and recommends that CIA, with Air Force assistance, undertake such a program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense : Robert S. Mcnamara
    The Ascendancy of the Secretary ofJULY Defense 2013 The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara 1961-1963 Special Study 4 Historical Office Office of the Secretary of Defense Cold War Foreign Policy Series • Special Study 4 The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara 1961-1963 Cover Photo: Secretary Robert S. McNamara, Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, and President John F. Kennedy at the White House, January 1963 Source: Robert Knudson/John F. Kennedy Library, used with permission. Cover Design: OSD Graphics, Pentagon. Cold War Foreign Policy Series • Special Study 4 The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara 1961-1963 Special Study 4 Series Editors Erin R. Mahan, Ph.D. Chief Historian, Office of the Secretary of Defense Jeffrey A. Larsen, Ph.D. President, Larsen Consulting Group Historical Office Office of the Secretary of Defense July 2013 ii iii Cold War Foreign Policy Series • Special Study 4 The Ascendancy of the Secretary of Defense Contents This study was reviewed for declassification by the appropriate U.S. Government departments and agencies and cleared for release. The study is an official publication of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Foreword..........................................vii but inasmuch as the text has not been considered by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, it must be construed as descriptive only and does Executive Summary...................................ix not constitute the official position of OSD on any subject. Restructuring the National Security Council ................2 Portions of this work may be quoted or reprinted without permission, provided that a standard source credit line in included.
    [Show full text]
  • Into the Unknown Together the DOD, NASA, and Early Spaceflight
    Frontmatter 11/23/05 10:12 AM Page i Into the Unknown Together The DOD, NASA, and Early Spaceflight MARK ERICKSON Lieutenant Colonel, USAF Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama September 2005 Frontmatter 11/23/05 10:12 AM Page ii Air University Library Cataloging Data Erickson, Mark, 1962- Into the unknown together : the DOD, NASA and early spaceflight / Mark Erick- son. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58566-140-6 1. Manned space flight—Government policy—United States—History. 2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration—History. 3. Astronautics, Military—Govern- ment policy—United States. 4. United States. Air Force—History. 5. United States. Dept. of Defense—History. I. Title. 629.45'009'73––dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the editor and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public re- lease: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii Frontmatter 11/23/05 10:12 AM Page iii To Becky, Anna, and Jessica You make it all worthwhile. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Frontmatter 11/23/05 10:12 AM Page v Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . ix 1 NECESSARY PRECONDITIONS . 1 Ambling toward Sputnik . 3 NASA’s Predecessor Organization and the DOD . 18 Notes . 24 2 EISENHOWER ACT I: REACTION TO SPUTNIK AND THE BIRTH OF NASA . 31 Eisenhower Attempts to Calm the Nation .
    [Show full text]
  • Roswell Gilpatric Oral History Interview I, 11/2/82, by Ted Gittinger, Internet Copy, LBJ Library
    LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON LIBRARY ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION The LBJ Library Oral History Collection is composed primarily of interviews conducted for the Library by the University of Texas Oral History Project and the LBJ Library Oral History Project. In addition, some interviews were done for the Library under the auspices of the National Archives and the White House during the Johnson administration. Some of the Library's many oral history transcripts are available on the INTERNET. Individuals whose interviews appear on the INTERNET may have other interviews available on paper at the LBJ Library. Transcripts of oral history interviews may be consulted at the Library or lending copies may be borrowed by writing to the Interlibrary Loan Archivist, LBJ Library, 2313 Red River Street, Austin, Texas, 78705. ROSWELL GILPATRIC ORAL HISTORY, INTERVIEW I PREFERRED CITATION For Internet Copy: Transcript, Roswell Gilpatric Oral History Interview I, 11/2/82, by Ted Gittinger, Internet Copy, LBJ Library. For Electronic Copy on Diskette from the LBJ Library: Transcript, Roswell Gilpatric Oral History Interview I, 11/2/82, by Ted Gittinger, Electronic Copy, LBJ Library. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON LIBRARY Legal Agreement Pertaining to the Oral History Interview of Roswell L. Gilpatric In accordance with the provisions of Chapter 21 of Title 44, United States Code, and subject to the terms and conditions herinafter set forth, I, Roswell L. Gilpatric of New York City, do hereby give, donate and convey to the United States of America all my rights, title and interest in the tape recording and transcript of the personal interview conducted on November 2, 1982 at New York City and prepared for deposit in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library.
    [Show full text]
  • High Adventure Recreational Activity Comparison
    China’s Strategic Nuclear Decision Making During Crisis A Major Qualifying Project Report For the United States Naval War College Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By _________________________ Maxwell C. LaFrance ________________________ Date: Approved: ______________________________ Professor Helen Vassallo, Primary Advisor ______________________________ Dr. Christopher Yeaw, Co-Advisor This report represents the work of one or more WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of completion of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its web site without editorial or peer review. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the positions or opinions of the U.S. Naval War College or Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Acknowledgements For their time, assistance, guidance, and support on this project, I would like to extend my thanks and sincere appreciation to: Professor Christopher Yeaw from the Naval War College, Newport R.I., for sponsoring my project Professor Helen Vassallo from the WPI Department of Management, for being my project advisor. I could not have done it without you. Maxwell C. LaFrance i Abstract The goal of this paper was to determine if the Soviet Union’s reaction to the Cuban Missile Crisis would be similar to the People’s Republic of China’s reaction to a crisis situation involving strategic nuclear assets. This was done taking into account the differences in Eastern and Western cultures, each government’s decision making structures, and the differences between the past and present situations.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Oral History Interview with John E. Sheehan Conducted by Mark
    1 Oral history interview with John E. Sheehan Conducted by Mark Fischer and Sam Rushay College Park, MD August 19, 2002 Q: It’s August 19, 2002, and we’d like to welcome John Sheehan, member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System during the administrations of President Richard M. Nixon and Gerald R. Ford. Welcome, Mr. Sheehan. Sheehan: Thank you. Q: First of all could you briefly discuss your business background in Louisville, Kentucky? Sheehan: I went to Louisville in late 1965, and I became the chief executive of a corporation called Corhart, C-o-r-h-a-r-t. It was a joint venture of the Corning Glass Works and the Hartford Empire Company. Corning bought Hartford out, and the company had lost money for five or six years, and we turned that into the number one earning property Corning owned by the time I left to enter the government in 1971. Q: And there was also a broadcasting venture? Sheehan: Well, I was a director of WAVE, which was a television broadcasting company that had five stations. Their flagship station was in Louisville, and they had stations in the Upper Midwest, one in Green Bay and one in Des Moines, Iowa. I forget where the other two were. Q: You were appointed as a member of board of governors of the Federal Reserve System on December 23, 1971, and sworn in on January 13, 1972. Could you discuss how that came about? Sheehan: I’m not sure those dates are accurate. They may be.
    [Show full text]
  • Moral Masculinity: the Culture of Foreign Relations
    MORAL MASCULINITY: THE CULTURE OF FOREIGN RELATIONS DURING THE KENNEDY ADMINISTRATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jennifer Lynn Walton, B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2004 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Michael J. Hogan, Adviser ___________________________ Professor Peter L. Hahn Adviser Department of History Professor Kevin Boyle Copyright by Jennifer Lynn Walton 2004 ABSTRACT The Kennedy administration of 1961-1963 was an era marked by increasing tension in U.S.-Soviet relations, culminating in the Cuban missile crisis of October 1962. This period provides a snapshot of the culture and politics of the Cold War. During the early 1960s, broader concerns about gender upheaval coincided with an administration that embraced a unique ideology of masculinity. Policymakers at the top levels of the Kennedy administration, including President John F. Kennedy, operated within a cultural framework best described as moral masculinity. Moral masculinity was the set of values or criteria by which Kennedy and his closest foreign policy advisors defined themselves as white American men. Drawing on these criteria justified their claims to power. The values they embraced included heroism, courage, vigor, responsibility, and maturity. Kennedy’s focus on civic virtue, sacrifice, and public service highlights the “moral” aspect of moral masculinity. To members of the Kennedy administration, these were moral virtues and duties and their moral fitness justified their fitness to serve in public office. Five key elements of moral masculinity played an important role in diplomatic crises during the Kennedy administration.
    [Show full text]
  • Private Business to Public Service: Robert Mcnamara's Management Techniques and Their Limits in Peace And
    Private Business to Public Service: Robert McNamara’s Management Techniques and Their Limits in Peace and War by Albert J. Beveridge A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland May, 2014 © 2014 Albert J. Beveridge All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT This dissertation evaluates Robert S. McNamara’s management practices during his tenure as Secretary of Defense, concluding that over- centralized decision-making proved to be the central feature of his management style with one significant exception. When it came to war, notably the Vietnam War, he undermanaged important aspects of that conflict. To better understand McNamara’s management decisions, this dissertation sets them in the context of his brilliance as a student in college and later in graduate school where he absorbed the technocratic management techniques then developing at the Harvard Business School. He applied his education successfully in the Army Air Force during World War II and later at the Ford Motor Company. As Secretary of Defense he initiated a rigorous analytic approach to the defense budget and weapons acquisition through the Planning- Programming-Budgeting System (PPBS) he installed and the associated discipline of systems analysis that he brought to the department. Yet those innovations had the perverse effect of encouraging his proclivity to concentrate on managing data rather than managing people. Through costly errors such as the TFX plane controversy, McNamara discovered the limits ii of technocratic business procedures in a public service environment which required a politically sensitive and socially adept approach. McNamara disregarded many contemporary managerial techniques and models which emphasized delegation, flexibility, and informal communication.
    [Show full text]
  • White House Tapes and Minutes of the Cuban Missile Crisis Source: International Security , Summer, 1985, Vol
    Documentation: White House Tapes and Minutes of the Cuban Missile Crisis Source: International Security , Summer, 1985, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Summer, 1985), pp. 164- 203 Published by: The MIT Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2538794 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms The MIT Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Security This content downloaded from 131.179.156.9 on Sun, 22 Nov 2020 22:20:15 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms White HouseTapes |ExCom Meetings and M utes of theOctober 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Introduction to Documents Until the partial and gradual opening of the archives in the last few years, people interested in studying the Cuban missile crisis had to rely almost exclusively on accounts given by the participants. But the picture that came through in the memoir literature was almost bound to be distorted: after President Kennedy's as- sassination, and the series of national traumas that followed in rapid succes- sion, it was inevitable that recollections about the early 1960s would be filtered through many layers of emotion, and in fact the prevailing interpre- tation of the period came to have an almost mythic quality.
    [Show full text]