910 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS.
.Arm of service-Continued. 54. Infantry. 55. Sailor. 56. Marine. 57. Organization: (a) 58. Company. 59. Regiment. Length of service: (a) Date of enlistment: 60. Day. ApPENDIX B. 61. Month. 62. Year. Date of discharge: PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 63. Day. 64. Month. 65. Year. Rank: (a) FIRST CENSUS: 1790. 66. Officer. 67. Noncommissioned officer. Style of Number When 68. Private. Title and subject-matter of report. report. of pages. published. 69. Number of the page and line on "Extra Service Sheet" containing the record for this person as to extra service. Return of the whole number of persons within the several dis- tricts of the United States, etc. Printed by order of the House of Representatives. Philadelphia: Joseph Gales (a) ...... Octavo ._. 56 1791 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING SCHEDULE. ( ':> Please notice that in this special schedule the pages are numbered consecutively, and follow the order indicated, so that the schedule, when filled, may be in proper I SECOND CENSUS: 1800. shape for binding in this office. The instructions necessary to the proper filling of the columns numbered 1 to 27, Return of the whole number of persons within the several dis, inclusive, are contained in the book of instructions to enumerators (pages 15 to 33), tricts of the United States, etc. Printed by order of the House II. a copy of which is inclosed. The following special instructions will serve as a guide [ of Representatives. Washington (b) .... _...... •....•...... FolIO. __-- 1801 in completing the information concerning inmates of soldiers' homes called for by the columns numbered 28 to 68, inclusive. It will be seen at a glance that the greater part of these special inquiries are to be J THIRD CENSUS: 1810. answered by the word "Yes" or "No." A diagon:al mark (/) will be understood to mean yes; a horizontal dash (-) means no. Experience bas shown that where Aggregate amount of each description of persons 'within the enumerators leave a space blank the clerks who handle the schedules in this office United States of America and the territories thereof, agree are often uncertain whether this is because the answer is no, or because the correct ably to lwtual enumeration made according to law, in the year 1810. Washington _ __ _. __ '."'" __ Folio .. _.. 180 1811 answer is unknown. In all cases, therefore, where the answer is unknown, the space f A statement of the arts and manufactures of the Umted States of should be filled by two horizontal lines (). If the queiiltion asked is inapplicable America, etc. (d) _ _ Quarto __. 233 1813 to the person enumerated, fill the blank by a cross-mark (X) . No line of any column should be left blank. Under the causes of admission or retention it may be necessary to make more than I FOURTH CENSUS: 1820. one affirmative mark. For instance, an inmate may be old, bedridden, or paralytic. A full account of the case would require a diagonal mark in each of the columns numbered 33, 34, and 38. L Census for 1820. Published by authority of an act M Congress, under the direction of the Secretary of State. Washington: Under inquiries 51 to 68, vvhere a person served in more than one organiz'1tion, the Gales & Seaton _, ,. ""'" , _ Folio _. _ 160 1821 particulars for the first period of service should be given on the schedule itself, and Digestof accounts of manufacturing establishments in the United the particulars for the second and subsequent periods of service should be entered on States and of their manufactures, made under direction of the Secret~ryof State in pursuance of a resolution of Congress of the" extra service sheet," copies of wl§.ich are inclosed. In all cases give the rank March 30,1822. Washington: Gales & Seaton __ __. Folio _. _._ 128 1823 held at muster-out, the company and regiment, and the dates of enlistment and discbarge as regards each organization. In making the record of extra service, be careful to enter in the column on the I FIFTU CENSUS: 1830. extra service sheet marked "X" the "number of the page and line on the schedule f for the person for whom this' extra service' is reported," as 3-1, meaning page 3 and line 1 of this schedule; also enter in the column of this schedule numbered 69 '1 Fifth Census' or, enumeration of the inhabitants of the Umted of page line on service containing record States. To' which is prefixed a schedule of the whole number the "number the and the 'extra sheet' the of persons within the several~districts of the Unite~States, for this person as to extra service," as 1-10, meaning page 1 and line 10 of the extra taken according to the acts of 1190, 1800,1810,1820. PublIshed by service sheet. / authority of an act of Congress. Washington: Duff Green (e) •• Folio ..... 163 1832
a See special instructions concerning service in more than one organization. a An edition was also printed in 1791 by Childs & Swayne, Philadelphia. 'A r~p1·int,.52 pages, I octavo, was published in 1802 by William Duane & Son, Washington. Also repnnted III 1793 by J. Phillips, George-Yard, Lombard stree~,Lon~on. .. . b A reprint, 88 pages, octavo, was pubhshedlll 1802 by WIlham Duane & Son, Washlllgton. c Unnumbered after 34. d For complete title, see page 23. . e Reprinted the same year as corrected at the Department of State, by a~lthontyof an act of Con gress, under th.e direction of the Secretary of State; a folio of 165 pages, pnnted by Duff Green; both reports boundlll one volume. I 911 912 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTOl{Y AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 913
SIXTH CENSUS: 1840. TENTH CENSUS: 1880-Continued.
Style of Number When Style of Number When Title and subject-matter of report. Title and SUbject-matter of report. report. report. of pages. pUblished. II-O_f_p_a_g_es_._I_P_l_lb_h_·S_h_e_d_. Sixth Census; or, enumeration of the inhabitants of the United II .. Manufactures, statistics of-Continued. I States, as corrected at the Department of State in 1840. Pub- Wool manufacture, by Geo. William Bond. (26 pp.) lished by authority of an act of Congress, under the direction Chemical products and salt, by William L. Rowland, of the Secretary of State. Washington: Blair & Rives ...... Folio ..... 480 1841 under the direction of Henry Bower. ('14 pp.) Statistics of the United States of America as returned by the Glass, manuflLCture of, by Joseph D. Weeks. (124pp.) marshals of the several judicial districts. Corrected at the III. Agriculture, stf,tistics of __ .. Quactoj 1,149 1883 Department of State. Washington: Blair & Rives ...... Folio ..... 410 1841 General statistics, ann index to volume. (403 pp.) Compendium of the emuneration of the inhabitants and statis- Cereal production, by William H. Brewer. (184 pp.) 1 tics of the United States, etc. Washington: Blair & Rives ...... Folio ..... 380 1841 Flour-milling processes, by Knight NefteI. (28 pp.) Census of pensioners for Revolutionary or military services; Tobacco, culture and curing of, by J. B. Killebrew. j with their names, ages, places of residence, etc. Published by (298 pp.) authority of an act of Congress, under the direction of the Sec- Tobacco, manufacture of, commercial distribution, retary of State. Washington: Blair & Rives ,. Quarto ... 195 1841 exportation, and prices, by J. R. Dodge. (70 pp.) ...... Meat production (cattle, sheep, and swine, supple mentary to live stock on farms), by Clarence Gor don. (166 pp.) SEVENTH CENSUS: 1850. IV. Transportation, agencies of. __.. __ Quarto . 870 1883 Preliminary matter, and index to volume. (18 pp.) Steam railroads, by Armin E. Shuman. (648 pp.) Seventh census of the United States. Washington: Robert Arm- Steam navigation, by T. C. Purdy. (72 pp.) strong, Public Printer. ,. Quarto . 1,158 1853 Canals, by '1'. C. Purdy. ('W pp.) Mortality statistics of the seventh census of the United States. Telegraphs and telephones, by Armin E. Shuman. A. O. P. Nicholson, PubIic Printer...... Octavo ... 304 1855 (34pp.) Digest of the statistics of manufactures. Published as Senate Postal telegraph service in foreign countries, by Ex. Doc. No. 39, second session, Thirty-fifth Congress Octavo.,. H3 1859 RobertB. Lines. (54 pp.) Statistical view of the United States, being a compendium of the Addendum: Note on express companies. (4 pp.) seventh census. A. O. P. Nicholson, Public Printer...... Octavo ... 400 1854 . Cotton production, by Eugene W. Hilgard: Abstract of the seventh census. Washington: Robert Armstrong, V. Part 1, Mississippi Valley and Southwestern states . Quarto ! 92'1 1884 Public Printer _...... Octavo . 160 1853 VI. Part 2, Eastern,. Gulf, Atlantic, a,nd Pacific states . Quarto 1 848 1884 VIr. Valuation, taxation, and public indebtedness, by Robert P. Porter . Quarto I 920 1884 VIII. Title page, etc. (4 pp.) 1,126 1884 EIGHTH CENSUS: 1860. .. Quo"o__--I Newspaper and periodical press, by S. N. D. North. [The volumes of the census report were printed at the Government Printing Office, Washington.] (452 pp.) Alaska, population, industries, and resources of, by Ivan Petroff. (198 pp.) Preliminary report of the eighth census...... Octavo . 310 1862 Seal islands of Alaska, by Henry W. Elliott. (190 pp.) I Population of the United States in 1860...... Quarto .. 801 186/1 Shipbuilding industry, by Henry Hall. (282 pp.) Manufactures of the United States in 1860. Quarto . 963 1865 IX. Forests of North America, exclusive of Mexico, and port- Agriculture of the United States in 1860...... Quarto . 464 1864 folio of maps, by Chas. S. Sargent , . Quarto .... / 622 ]884 Statistics of the United States (including mortality, property, etc.) X. Title-page, etc. (4pp.) ~ . Qua'to_ 876 1884 in 1860 ...... Quarto ... 651 1866 Petroleum and its products, production, technology, and uses of, by S. F. Peckham. (328 pp.) Coke, manufacture of, by Joseph D. Weeks. (120 pp.) j NINTH CENSUS: 1870. Building stones of the United States, and statistics of the quarry industry for 1880. (424 pp.) I [The volumes of the census report were printed at the Government Printing Office, Washington.] Mortality and vital statistics, by John S. Billings: XI. Part 1_ .. Quarto ] 832 1885 XII. Part 2; and portfolio of plates and diagrams . Quarto . 962 1886 Population and social statistics...... Quarto . 854 1872 XIII. Precious metals, statistics and technology of the, by S. F. . Vital statistics Quarto . 702 1873 Emmons and G. F. Becker, under the direction of Clar· Statistics of industry and wealth...... Quarto . 850 1873 ence King """'" . Quarto . 558 1885 Compendium of the ninth census...... Octavo . 949 1873 XIV. Mining laws and regulations, United States, state, and Statistical atlas of the United States, based upon the returns of territorial, etc., compiled under the direction ot Clar· the ninth census, and compiled by Francis A. Walker, under the ence King Quarto .. __ 716 1885 provisions of the act of March 3, 1873...... Folio ..... a58 1874 XV. Mining industries (exclusive of precious metals), with special investigations into the iron resources of the RepUblic and the cretaceous coals of the northwest, TENTH CENSUS: 1880. by Raphael Pumpelly _. Quarto . 1,064 1886 Water power, prepared under the direction of W. P. [The volumes of the census report were printed at the Government Printing Office, Washington. Trowbridge: The number of pages contained in the specH'LI reports or monographs, bound together in one vol· XVI. PartI Quarto . 874 1885 ume, follows the title, in parenthesis, in each case.] XVII. Part 2...... Quarto . 788 1887 Social statistics of cities, by George E. Waring, jr.: XVIII. Part 1, New England and Middle states Quarto . 924 1886 1. Population, statistics of...... Quarto.... 1,054 1883 XIX. Part 2, Southern and Western states...... Quarto . 850 1887 II. Manufactures, statistics of Quarto.... 1,248 1883 XX. Title·page, etc. (4pp.) Quarto .. 796 1886 General statistics, and index to volume. (582 pp.) Wages in manufacturing industries, by Joseph D. Weeks. Power used in manufactures, by Herman Hollerith. (602 pp.) (40pp.) Average retail prices of necessaries of life, by Joseph D. Factory system of the United States, by Carroll D. Weeks. (126 pp.) Wright. (8 tl pp.) Trade societies in the UnIted States, by JosephD. ·Weeks. Interchangeable mechanism, manufacture of, by (28pp.) Chas. H. Fitch, under the direction of W. P. Trow· Strikes and lockouts in 1880, by Joseph D. Weeks. (36 pp.) bridge. (94 pp.) XXI. Defective, dependent, and delinquent classes of the popu- Hardware, cutlery, and edge tools, manufacture of, lation, by Frederick Howard Wines...... Quarto . 638 1888 by Chas. H. Fitch, under the direction of W. P. XXII. Title-page, etc. (6 pp.) Quarto . 666 1888 Trowbridge. (24 pp.) Steam and water power used in the manufacture of iron Iron and steel production, by James JIlL swank'j and steel, by Herman Hollerith, under the direction of (172 pp.) W. P. Trowbridge. (18 pp.) Silk manufacture, by William C. Wy~koff.(36 pp.) Machine tools and wood-working machinery, by F. R. (22 I Cotton manufacture, by Edward Atkmson. pp.) Hutton, under the direction of VY. P. Trowbridge. aThe statistical atlas also contains 60 plates, each comprising one or more maps or diagrams, in (304 pp.) addition to 58 pages of textual and tabular matter. ' S. ])OC. 194----58 914 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS.
TENTH CENSUS: IS80-Continued.
Stvle of Number I When Title and sUbject-matter of report. report. of pages. publiRhed.
XXII. Steam pumps and pumping engines, by F. R. Hutton, ! under the direction of W. P. Trowbridge. (68 pp.) ! Wool and silk machinery, by Knight Neftel, under the i direction of W. P. Trowbridge. (34 pp.) ! Engines and boilers, manufacture of, by Charles H. Fitch, I under the direction of W. P. Trowbridge. (72 pp.) i Marine engines and Rteam vessels i~the United Stat<::s I merchant service, by Charles H. FItch, under the dI· i rection of W. P. Trowbridge. (114 pp.) .; Ice industry, by Henry Hall.' (50 pp.) , 19,305 comp;~J{~l~f~~~~~g:l~~iisiis:""j . Part 1 revised edition (a) Octavo .. 1,040 1885 Part 2;revised edition (a) / Octavo '1 858 1888
ELEVENTH CENSUS: 1890. [The volumes of the report of the Eleventh Census are not numbered; printed at the Government ApPENDIX C. Printing Office, Washington.]
Population: TOTAL AND PER CAPITA COST OF UNITED STATES CENSUSES. Part I G;,uarto . 1,182 1895 Part II (b)...... Quarto . 1,150 1897 Insane, feeble-minded, deaf and dumb, and blind, by John S. Per capita Census years. Total popula· Total cost of Billings ...... Quarto . 768 1895 tion. census. cost of Crime, pauperism, and benevolence, by Frederick H. Wines: census. Part I. Analysis _...... Quarto . 420 1896 Part II. General tables Quarto . 1,048 1895 Vital and social statistics, by John S. Billings: Cents. Part I. Analysis and rate tables _ Quarto .. 1,078 1896 1790 . 3,929,214 $44,377.28 1. 12 Part II. Cities of 100,000 and upward __.. __ Quarto .. 1,192 1896 1800 _ . 5,308,483 66,109.04 1.24 Part III. Statistics of deaths...... Quarto . 1,058 1894 1810 . 7,239,881 178,4.44.67 2.46 Part IV. Statistics of deaths...... Quarto . 1,040 1895 1820 .. 9,633,822 208,525.99 2.16 Agriculture, irrigation, and fisheries: (c) 1830 . 12,866,020 378,545.13 2.94 Agriculture, statistics of _ .. 614 1895 1840 . 17,069,453 833,370.95 4. S8 Agriculture by irrigation, by F. H. Newell .. 292 1894 1850 __.. . 23,191,876 1,423,350.75 6.13 Fisheries, statistics of. , _ __ .. 44 1894 1860 _. 31,4.43,321 1,969,376.99 6.26 Manufacturing industries: 1870 __ . 38,558,371 3,421, 198. 33 8.77 Part I. Totals for states and territories _...... Quarto . 1,008 1895 1880 _. a50, 155, 783 5,790,678.40 all. 55 Part II. Statistics of cities Quarto .. 872 1895 1890 . b 62, 622, 250 11,547,127.13 bI8.44 Part III. Selected industries...... Quarto . 734 1895 Mineral industries, by David T. Day Quarto . 874 1892 Alaska, population and resources of ...... Quarto .. 294 1893 aIf 33,426 persons in Alaska, specially enumera.te~,and 240,13.6India~sin th~Indian Territory an~ Churches, statistics of, by Henry K. Carroll...... Quarto . 840 1894 on Indian reservations, as reported by the CommISSIOner of IndIan AffaIrS, are Illcluded, the apprOXI- Indians, taxed and not taxed, in the United States (except mate total populatiqn in 1880 is 50,429,345 and the per capita. cost 11.~8cents. . . Alaska) Quarto . 692 1894 b If 32 052 persons III Alaska and 325,464 persons III the IndIan TerrItory and on IndIan reservatIOns, Insurance business, by Charles A. Jenney: specially enumerated, are inc'luded, the entire population of-the country in 1890 is 62,979,766 and the Part I. Fire, marine, and inland insurance...... Quarto . 1,138 1894 per capita cost 18.33 cents. Part II. Life insurance Quarto . 490 1895 915 Real estate mortgages, by George K. Holmes and John S. Lord.... Quarto . 956 1895 Farms and homes: Proprietorship and indebtedness, by George K. Holmes and John S. Lord...... Quarto _.. 658 1896 Transportation business, by Henry C. Adams: Part I. Transportation by land...... Quarto . 876 li:i95 Part II. Transportation by water...... Quarto .. 546 1894 Wealth, debt, and taxation, by J. Kendrick Upton: 902 1892 ~:~tIi:~~rJ~~i~~b~iid'taxatloii:: ::::::: :l:::::::::::::::::::: ~~:~ig:::1-----1 662 1895 Total number of pages __ _.. !=====I21,428 Compendium of the eleventh census: Part I...... Quarto . 1; 098 1892 Part 11...... Quarto . 1,070 1894 Part III...... Quarto . 1,158 1897 Abstract of the eleventh census: First edition...... Octavo . 264 1894 Second edition, revised and enlarged...... Octavo . 312 1896 Statistical atlas, by Henry Gannett ; .. 70 1898
a 1'he first editions of parts 1 and 2 were published in 1883. b Including a report on education (150 pages), pUblished as a monograph in 1893, but bound for convenience with Part II of the report on population. c Bound in one volume. NOTE.-In addition to several monographs which were pUblished and later incorporated in the final report of the eleventh census the following monographs were pUblished, but were not included in any volume of the fi.nal report: . Vital statistics of the District of Columbia and Baltimore, 250 pages. Vital statistics of Ne\v York and Brooklyn, 538,pages. Vital statistics of Boston and Philadelphia, 278 pages. Social statistics of cities, 146 pages. I j J i l ApPENDIX D. SUMMARY OF UNITED STATES CENSUS LEGISLATION. r [This summary comprehends only the acts aud resolves relating to the census that were so indexed. A detailed search of the statutes was not made, but it is believed that substantially all the legisla ( tion affecting the census is herein embodied.]
( FIRST CENSUS: 1790.
Statutes at Large. f Amount Date of law. SUbject-matter of law. Volume. Page. appropriated.
~ Mar. 1,1790 1 101 Provisions for taking the first census. ( July 5,1790 1 129 Provisions for taking the first census extended to Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Mar. 2,1791 1 197 Provisions for taking the first census extended to Vermont. L Nov. 8,1791 1 226 Time for completion of census of South Carolina ex- tended to Mar. 1, 1792. J Apr. 14,1792 1 253 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. ( SECOND CENSUS: 1800. Feb. 28,1800 2 11 Provisions for taking the second census. Apr. 12,1800 2 37 Alterations in forms of oaths of marshals, secretaries, and assistants. Mar. 3,1801 120 Appropriation for discharging the expense of the sec· ond enumeration . $60,000.00 Jan. 14,1802 2 128 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. lf Apr. 6,1802 2 152 Apportionment of compensation of the several mar shals of Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, for L taking the census, according to services rendered. May 1,1802 188 Appropriation for defraying the expenses of the sec- T ond enumeration . 20,000.00
THIRD CENSUS: 1810.
i Mar. 26,1810 2 564 Provisions for taking the third census. Apr. 12,1810 2 570 Enumeration required to close within 5 months from [ the iirst Monday in Aug., 1810. \[ May 1,1810 2 605 Alterations in forms of oaths of marshals, secretaries, and assistants. Collection of manufacturing statistics directed. Feb. 20,1811 2 647 Appropriation for discharging the expense of the third enumeration and that of taking an account f of manufactures ...... :. ____.... __.. _. _.. _...... _... $150, 000.00 Mar. 2,1811 2 658 Time for completion and return of enumeration ex- . tended to the first Monday in July, 1811. ( Dec. 21,1811 2 669 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. Mar. 19,1812 2 786 Digest of returns relating to manufactures authorized to be made by a person directed to be employed by the Secretary of the Treasury. J May 16,1812 2 734 Appropriation for expenses of making a digest of manufactures _.. _...... ___.... __._.... 2,000.00 Appropriation for compensation of marshals and as- sistants for taking an account of manufactures ...... 40,000.00 I 917 918 HISTORY .AND GROWTH OF THE UN'rJ:ED' SrrATES CENSUS. HISTORY .AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS.
FOURTH CENSUS: 1820. SIXTH CENSUS: 18'iO-Continued.
Statutes at Large. I IStatutes at Large'l Amount Date of la,v'l Subject-matter of law. appropriated. Date of law. vOlume.l_p_a_g_e_.+ S_U_bJ_·e_c_t-_m_a_t_t_er_o_f_la_w_. app~~~f~~d. Volume. I Page.
31~I-p-r-O-V-iS-i-o-nS-fo-r-t-a-k-i-n-g-t-h-e-f-o-u-r-th-c-en-s-u-s-.------1------June 25,1842 I 51 491 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. Mar. 14,1820 Aug. 26,1842 ,5 528 Approprir:-tion for distributing the aggregate returns Apr. 11,1820 of the Sixth census _ . $8,000.00 3 560 I A~~~J;.~:~if~/~~~~f.r.~~~~~.~~~.~~.~~~~~.~~.t~~!~~~~~.$240,000.00 3 643 ! Time for completion and return of enumeration ex- Aug. 30,1842 I 5 i 567 Allowances made by marshals to assistants in Ken Mar. 3,1821 I I tucky to be examined by the circuit judge, and so tended to Sept. 1, 1821. much thereof as he approves to be paid. Mar. 7,1822 3 651 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. i Feb. 4,1843 6 I 882 Appropriation to pay an assistant marshal in Louisi- Feb. 4,1822 3 719 Distribution of copies of returns of the fourth census. ana for balance due for services in taking the sixth Mar. 30, 1822 3 719 Digest of returns relating to manufactures directed I to be made by Secretary of State. 418.09 Di~~rib~~foricen~~:Us~etl1Tilspendiu~: ~ 648 ·o.fsfxti; ailcl'caUl Jan. 14,1823 720 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives in Feb. 24,1843/ II . Alabama. and of prevlOus censuses. 321 Distribution of returns of fourth census and of digest Mar. 3, 18431 D 631 IAppropriation for payment of expense of printing May 24,1828 30,000 copies of compendium of the sixth census.... 24,774.46 of manufactures. Appr9P.riation to defray expense of distributing re mallllllg num bers of census reports. _.... __.... __.... 2,500.00 July 15,18461 91 653 Appropriation to pay balance due for taking census FIFTH CENSUS: 1830. I of two precincts in Montgomery County, Md . 76.23 Mar. 2,1829 4 344 Appropriation for discharging the expense of taking SEVENTH CENSUS: 1850. the fifth census__..... _...... _. _..... _... _.. _...... $350,000.0o Mar. 18,1830 4 382 Appropriation for discharging the expense of taking the flfth census _ __ _ 250,000.0 ...... Mar. 3,1849 395 Secretary of the Interior given supervision of the Mar. 23,1830 4 383 Provisions for taking the fifth census. Appropriation for revision of former statements of United States census. population, and for printing and distributing ab- 402 ce~;~~~~~~~s.createdto prepare for taking the sev- 2,000.00 stracts thereof ...... _.. _-...... -...... Appropriation for preparing and printing forms and Apr. 24,1830 4 397 $200,000 of sums appropriated for taking the census not being required, passed to surplus fund [-200,000.00 schedules _. _.__ __ . $10,000,00 ...... May 23,1850 428 Provisions for taking the seventh and subsequent Apr. 30,1830 4 429 Transmission by mail regardless of weight of papers censuses. relating to the fifth census authorized. Number of Congressional Representatives fixed from May 28,1830 4 430 Clerks of courts directed to transmit to Department and after Mar. 3, 1853, to be apportioned by the of State the returns of the first, second, third, and Secretary of the Interior. fourth censuses. Appropriation for carrying act into effect ..... _..... _. 150,000.00 Feb. 3,1831 4 439 Time for completion and return of enumeration ex- tended to Aug. 1, 1831. Appropriation for transmitting blanks and othercen Copies of returns aggregate amounts filed by mar- sus matter through the mail, to be paid to the Post- and Office Department _ _ __" shals with clerks of district and supreme courts not ...... 12,000.00 Aug. 30,1850 445 Com~~nsa~ionof marshals, agents, and assistants in to be sent to Department of State, as directed by act Cahforma, Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico in of Mar. 23, 1830. creased; also, as to manner of enumerating persons Errors in returns of marshals and assistants to be in said territory. noted and printed. Compensation of eight cents per page allowed assist May 5,1832 4 514 Assistant marshals who have ;not been paid, through ant marshals for making copies of original returns, delinquency of marshals, to be paid out of census as required by section 11. appropriations. Secretary of the Interior authorized to extend time May 22,1832 4 516 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. for ta;king ~ensl:!sin delayed districts to Jan. 1, 1851, 3,1832 4 606 Distribution of returns of the fifth census. July and 111 Cahforma, Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico July 13,1832 4 607 Returns of the fifth census to be bound. Documents containing the fifth census to be transmit- to such time as he may deem necessary. July 14,1832 4 608 Sept. 30,1850 541 Appropriation for discharging the expense of taking ted by mail free of postage. the seventh enumeration _ .. June 19,1834 4 744 Two copies of fifth census allowed each member of 1,116,000.00 the Twenty-third Congress who was not a member July 21,1852 10 22 Appropriation for payment of clerks on extra duty in of Twenty-second Congress. the census office _.. ; .. _ _ __ . 10,500.00 the July 30,1852 10 25 Secretary of the Interior directed to forthwith pro- ~~~~/fh:~f~~~\~c~~~~~essionalRepresentatives SIXTH CENSUS: 1840. Reenumeration to be ordered in cases of loss, de struction, or improper taking of returns. Aug. 31,1852 10 94 Appropriation for clerk hire, stationery, rent, fuel, Mar. 3,183.9 5 331 Provisions f~rtaking the sixth census. and contingencies in completing the seventh census. 49,000.00 Appropriation for carrying act into effect..... __.. __.. $20,000.00 DeQ. 23,1852 260 Concerning the salary of the secretary of the census Feb. 26,1840 368 Fmther provisions for taking the siXth census. 10/ board after June 1, 1850. May 8,1840 378 Appropnation for payment of the expenses of the Jan. 7,1853 10 261 Census returns of California required to be appended sixth census...... _...... _...... 740,000.00 to the report in comse of preparation by the census Jan. 14,1841 411 Time for completion and return of enumeration ex- office. tended to June 1, 1841. Mar. 3,1853 10 181 Appropriation for completing the work of the seventh Construction of section 11 of act of Mar. 3, 1839, in census and preparing the same for publication ... _. 25,000.00 regard to printing. . 263 Concerning the printing and binding of the abstract Extra compensation MINNESOTA CENSUS OF 1857. NINTH CENSUS: 1870-Continued. Statutes at Large. Statutes at Large. Date of law. Amount Amount SUbject·matter of la,y. appropriated. Date of law. Subject-matter of law. Iappropriated. Volume. IPage. Volume. Pagc. Feb. 26,1857 11 167 ProTIsions for taking census of Minnesota territory, June 9,1870 16 380 Compensation of assistant marshals for taking the under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior. ninth census may be increased by the Secretary of May 11,1858 11 285 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives in the Interior. (Repealed by act of Mar. 3, 1871.~ Minnesota. July 15,1870 16 314 Appropriation for expenses to be incurred in ta -ing June 2,1858 11 306 ) Appropriation for defraying expenses incurred in th< ninth census ...... __...... _...... $1,000,000.00 . taking the Minnesota census...... $20,000,00 Feb. 3,1871 16 404 Division of Virginia into two judicial districts not to affect the completion of the ninth census of said state. EIGHTH CENSUS: 1860. Mar. 3,1871 16 503 Appropriation for defraying the expenses of taking the ninth census... , ...... -...... _...... 1,250,000. 00 514 Compensation of assis~antmarshals for taking th~ ninth census may be mcreased by the Secretary of Mar. 3,1859 11 428 .A.ppropriation for preliminary expenses of the eighth the Interior. Hcsolution of June 9,1870 (16 Stat. L., census ...... $15,000.00 380), repealed. . .. May 5,1860 12 14 Employment of a chief clerk and other census clerks Apr. 20,1871 17 8 Appropriation for payment of Illcreased salanes III authorized. the census office ...... 7,600.00 June 25,1860 12 109 Appropriation for the expenses to be incurred in tak· 9 Such part of appropriation by act of Mar. 3, 1871 (16 ing the eighth census...... 1, 000, 000.00 Stat. L., 503), as is necessary may be used during Feb. 19,1861 12 132 Appropriation to supply deficiencies in appropriation the current year. for taking the eighth census...... 437,000.00 12 Appropriation for increased compensation of assistant Mar. 2,1861 12 218 Appropriation for expenses of taking the eighth cen· marshals ...... _...... _..... 350,000.00 sus ...... 190,000.00 Dec. 16,1871 17 23 Appropriation for defraying expenses of taking the Mar. 4, 186? 12 353 Apportionment of Congre8sional Representatives. ninth census: Feb.· 25,1863 12 696 Salary of Superintendent of Census not to be increased. For payment of marshals and assistant and Mar. 3,1863 12 748 Appropriation to defray expenses incurred in taking deputy marshals ...... 293,000.00 the census of the territory of Dakota ...... 1,450.00 For clerk hire and miscellaneous expenses ...... 187,000.00 Appropriation for d~fraYinfthe e~ensesof taking the Feb. 2,1872 17 28 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. census of the tern tory 0 Neva a ...... 2,500.00 May 18,1872 17 131 Appropriation for the expenses of the ninth census... 20,000.00 Appropriation for defraying the expenses of taking 132 Appropriation for payment of F. W. Clemmons for the census of the territory of Colorado ...... 3,262.68 I labor in disbursing ninth-census appropriations .... 800.00 Appropriation to complete the compilation of the June 9,1872 17 339 . Appropriation to reimburse marshttls such sum as may eighth census...... 50,000.00 I be necessary. (Amount not specified.) The total Apr. 7,1866 14 20 Appropriation for salaries and incidental expenses of amount paid under this appropriation was...... 12,111. 40 the census office...... 10,410.31 June 10,1872 17 351 Appropriation to pay Charles W. Seaton for use of July 28,1866 14 326 Appropriation for payment of salary of Edward Jarvis tallying machine ...... 15,000.00 for digesting facts as to mortality and diseases in 368 Appropriation for preparing and printing maps to the eighth census...... 750.00 illustrate the quarto volumes of the ninth census... 25,000.00 Mar. 2,1867 14 461 Appropriation for payment of total liabilities of the June 8,1873 17 405 Appropriation for expenses of the ninth census...... 12,000.00 census office, exclusive of amounts claimed to be due Mar. 3,1873 17 536 Appropriation for preparing, engraving, and printing marshals and assistants...... 890.64 maps for the statistical atlas ...... e 30,000.00 468 Appropriation to pay amounts due certain marshals Appropriation for compensation of Francis A. Walker and their assistants...... 56,933.69 for extra services and labor in completing the ninth July 25,1868 15 172 Appropriation to pay amounts due certain marshals census, while Commissioner of Indian Affairs...... 1,500.00 and their assistants...... 5,376.09 Jtme 23,1874 18 208 Appropriation for printing and binding statistical June 24,1870 16 167 Payment directed of claims of loyal citizens of states atlas ...... 3,000.00 lately in rebellion for serTIces in taking the eighth Mar. 2,1875 18 524 Manuscript returns of the first and ninth censuses to census. be bound. July 15,1870 16 314 Appropriation for payment of claims under act of June 20,1878 20 226 $4,090.69, unexpended balance of ninth-census appro- June 24, 1870...... 170,000.00 priations, made available to pay adjusted accounts May 8,1872 17 131 Appropriation to pay the remainder due takers of the of the ninth census. eighth census...... 5,000.00 Appropriation for 4,000 additional copies of the sta- Mar. 3,1873 17 528 Payment directed to census takers of 1860 of sums set tistical atlas ...... " ...... , 10,000.00 to their credit. 232 Appropriation to pay for services as assistant marshals June 23,1874 18 230 Act of March 3,1873, declared to include marshals and of specified persons in taking the ninth census.: .... 96.24 assistants employed in taking the eighth census. JUne 20,1879 21 52 Appropriation to pay adjusted accounts for serVIces Mar. 3,1879 20 422 Appropriation for payment of certain specified persons. 1,073.86 or expenses incurred in completing the ninth cen- June 20,1879 21 52 Appropriation for payment of adjusted accounts for sus _ , 4,090.69 services or expenses incurred in completing the ...... eighth census,...... 9,000.00 Jan. 23,1885 23 618 Appropriation to pay O. W. Streeter for money ex· pended and services performed in taking census of TENTH CENSUS: 1880. Dakota in 1860 ...... 10,000.00 Aug. 4,1886 24 298 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census ...... 189.67 304 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census ...... 173.76 Mar. 3,1879 20 473 Provisions for taking the tenth and subsequent cen- Feb. 1,1888 25 28 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census ...... 128.45 s?S~s.Appropriation for printing and other pre- Mar. 30,1888 25 69 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census. '" .. 143.33 lImmary expenses ...... $250,000.00 Oct. 19,1888 25 597 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census ...... 64.96 June 21,1879 21 28 Authorization to rent buildings for census purposes. Mar. 2,1889 25 932 Appropriation for expenses of the eighth census __.... 29.55 Apr. 20,1880 21 75 Amending and amplifying act of Mar. 3,1879. 76 Appropriation for additional services of enumerators. 125,000.00 Census of Alaska authorized. June 16,1880 21 275 Appropriation for enumeration and compilatio~of NINTH CENSUS: 1870. tenth census (including printing and engravmg, $125,000) ...... _...... 2,960, 000.00 Mar. 3,1881 21 ,151 Appropriation for engmving and printing ...... : ... 125, 000.00 Dec. 22,1869 16 3671 Existing provisions of law for taking the census sus Appropriation for completion of the tenth census, Ill- pended and postponed until Feb.l, 1870. eluding compilation and publication, and for rent .. 500,000.00 Apr. 20,1870 16 Jan. 28,1882 22 2 Appropriation for completiop. of the work of the tenth 88 A~E~OI~[~~g~~~~~s~l~~~~~.i~~.~~~~~~~~~~:.~~:~~~:.s.~~.$200,000.00 census and for compensatIOn of volunteers ...... _. 540,000.00 May 6,1870 16 118 Amending act of May 23, 1850, in regard to time of Feb. 20,1882 22 4 To \VhOlll payment for services of volunteers may be making returns of enumeration, penalty for refusal I made. to answer authorized inquiries, pay of assistant I Feb. 25,1882 22 5 Apportionment of Congressional Representatives. marshals for making and returning copies of origi Aug. 5,1882 22 260 Appropriation to pay certain specified persons for nal census returns, and oath to be taken by assistant special services in connection with the census de- marshals. partment ...... •....••...... 1,450.00 922 HISTORY .AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED ST.ATES CENSUS. nrSTORY AN"D GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 923 TENTH CENSUS: 1880-Continued. ELEVENTH CENSUS: 189D-Continued. Statutes at Large. ! Amount Statutes at Large. Date of law. I---~---I Subject-matter of law. I Amount, Volume. Page. appropriated. Date of law. SUbject-matter of law. appropriated. ---1------Volume. Page. Aug. 5,1882 22 267 Appropriation for continuation of the work of the May 21,1890 26 116 Free transmission of census mail matter by registered tenth census . $80,000.00 mail authorized. Aug. 7,1882 22 331 Appropriation for completion of the work of taking June 18,1890 26 161 Appropriation for salaries and necessary expenses for the tenth census and closing the bureau, including taking and compiling the results of the eleventh salaries ...... •...... 245,000.00 $3,075, 000.00 344 Publication and distribution of reports of the tenth July 11,1890 26 257 A~~~~~~iatioi:ifo~'saia~yo"r"c·e·~sl~s·ciel:k·i·l~'the 'ciffice' census. of the Secretary of the Interior : 1,800.00 345 Appropriation for printing and binding tenth-census ...... reports . 678,624.61 Aug. 14,1890 26 313 Collection of facts from unincorporated express c?m- panies, the same as from incorporated ones requm~d. June 30,1882 22 384} Continuing the appropriation of Mar. 3, 1881, for print Aug. 30,1890 26 392 Appropriation for salaries and necessary expenses In July 20,1882 22 389 ing and engraving for 35 days after June 30,1882.... 11,896.30 taking and compiling the results of the eleventh Aug. 1,1882 22 390 1,400, 000. 00 Feb. 1,1883 22 636 Appropriation for continuing the work of the tenth census . 100,000.00 A~~~~~~iatio;l'io;continilfng the- p~fnting,'eng~avirig:' eleve~th 350,000.00 Feb. 17,1883 22 637 Directions for binding compendium and distribu and binding of the census ...... '.' ...... Feb. 7,1891 26 735 Apportionment of CongressIOI?-al.Represen~atlyes.. tion of reports of the tenth census. Directions concerning prllltlllg dlstnbutIOn Mar. 3,1883 22 627 AppropriatIOn for the work of taking the tenth census Mar. 3,1891 26 888 the and and closing the bureau, including salaries . 100,000.00 of eleventh census reports. cens~s 250,000.00 Appropriation for salaries of employees office Appropriation for printing eleventh reports... 555 in the 937 Appropriation for salary of ce?sus clerk m the office of the Secretary of the Interior for distributing the 1,800.00 reports of the tenth census . 4,680.00 of the Secretary of the In tenor...... : .. 564 Public Printer authorized to accept private proposals 972 Appropriation for salaries and necessary expenses III for printing maps and illustrations for reports of taking and compiling the results of the eleventh the tenth census. 1,000, 000. 00 A~~~~~~iation'for 'sala;ies'and ·~~cessatyeipens'es'for' May 1,1884 23 16 Appropriations for current expenses of the tenth Mar. 8,1892 27 5 census . 20,000.00 continuing the work of compillllg the results of the eleventh census ...... , .. 200,000. 00 Appropriation for outstanding liabilities of the tenth Appropriation for the work of the division of farms, census . 5,000.00 50,000. 00 June 20,1884 23 274 Public Printer authorized to print additional copies homes, and mortgages...... '" ...... May 13,1892 27 36 Appropriation for salaries and necessary expenses for of reports of the tenth census when he has received contllluing the work of compiling the results of the sufficient number of orders accompanied by the 100,000. 00 cost price th8reof with 10 per cent additional to eleventh census...... July 6,1892 27 86 Amending act of 1.'lar. 1, 1889, by requiring in!orll?a· warrant such printing. . tion to be obtained in regard to all productIve. m- July 7,1884 23 185 Appropriation for salaries of ~mploye~slp th.e office of the Secretary of the Intenor, for dlstnbutmg the dustries; penalty for refusal to answer authonzed reports of the tenth census .. 4,680.00 inquiries. . July 16,1892 27 212 Appropriation for salary of census clerk m the office 212 Appropria~ionfor the wor~of ta~ingthe t!"nth census and closmg the bureau, mcludmg salanes . 30,000.00 of the Secretary of the Interior ...... 1,800.00 J uly 28,1892 27 295 Appropria;tion for salaries and I?-~cessaryexpenses for Directions for printing, binding, and distribution of continulllg the work of complhng the results of the reports. eleventh census...... 560,000. 00 Dec. 18, 1884 23 516 Work on the tenth census to continue until further Appropriation for the work of the division of farms, Congressional action. 100,000.00 Mar. 3,1885 23 416 Appropriation for salaries of employees in the office of homeg, and mortgages...... the Secretary of the Interior for distributing the re- Appropriation for printing the final volumes of reports 4,680.00 of the eleventh census...... 250,000.00 A ug. 5,1892 27 371 Appropriation of $250,000of March 3,1891, made avail- 462 O&6~t~f{I~~i:~r~~;~~1~~~'boiished;'lli-itiiiish'ed '~v'o;k' transferred to the office of the Secretary of the Inte able for the fiscal year 1892-93. rior for completion. F eb. 23,1893 27 473 Directions concerning the printing and distribution Appropriation for payment ofobligations of the tenth of eleventh census reports. census outstanding prior to Jan. 1, 1885 . 15,000.00 M ar. 3,1893 27 658 Appropria;tion for salaries and I?-~cessaryexpenses for Appropriation for payment of salaries of clerical force. 6,900.00 continumg the work of compiling the results of the Jan. 31,1886 24 199 Appropriation for salary of c;ensus clerk in the office of eleventh census...... 8'10,000.00 the Secretary of the InterIor .. 1,800.00 Appropriation for salaries and nec.essary expense.s.for Appropriation for salary of laborer in the office of the continuing the work of collectlllg and compIlIng Secretary of the Interior, for distributing the reports statistics of farms, homes, and mortgages...... 180,000.00 of the tenth census . 660.00 Census office abolished, to terminate Dec. 31, 1893; unpublished work and records to be tra~sferredto Aug. 4,1886 24 271 Appropriation to pay for printing materiaL . 10.06 the office of the Secretary of the InterIor, llllder Appropriation for expenses of the tenth census . 11,329 52 whose direction tIle work is to be completed; man- Mar. 3,1887 24 622 Appropriation fqr salary of qensus clerk in the office of ner of application of llllexpended balances of appro- the Secretary @fthe InterIOr . 1,800.00 priations for. Mar. 30,1888 25 5'1 Appropriation to complete the publication of reports provided of the tenth census . 77,495.52 oct. 3,1893 28 3 Time for completion of the work of the eleventh July 11,1888 25 284 Appropriation for salary of c.ensus clerk in the office of census extended to June 30,1894. Commissioner of the Secretary of the InterIOr. .. 1,800.00 Labor may be authorized and directed by the .Presi· Feb. 26,1889 25 734 Appropriation for salary of census clerkin the office of dent of the United States to perform the dutIeS of the Secretary of the Interior ... , .....•...... 1,800.00 Superintendent of Census. D ec. 21,1893 28 18 Appropriation fo~s~laries,rent, and nece~s.aryex- penses in contmumg the work of compllmg the results 8f the eleventh census ...... 350,000.00 ELEVENTH CENSUS: 1890. A~E~og:~~~~~J~~.~~~~:~~~~~~.~~.~.r~~~~~.~~~~.i.~.5,000.00 Appropriation for payment of bills contracted for Mar. 1,1889 25 760 Provisions for taking the eleventh and subsequent printing, engraving, and binding ...... 1,500.00 censuses: Appropriation :' $1,000,000.00 Apro 21,1894 28 60 Preparation of abstract of the eleventh census dI- Dec. 19, 1889 26 1 Appropriation for preliminary printing, engravmg, rected; certain provision of Act of Mar. 1, 1889, and binding for the eleventh census . 250,000.00 repealed; time for completion of the work of the Jan. 23,1890 26 2 Minimum compensation of supervisors increased;. eleventh census extended to Mar. 4, 1895. Feb. 22,1890 26 13 Census of farms, homes, and mortgages authOrIzed: J uly 31,1894 28 206 Accounts relating to the census office to be examined Appropriatio~for the purposes of the l1«t ;: . 1,000,000.00 by the Auditor for the Interior Department.. . Mar. 19,1890 26 670 Special agents m Alaska, allowed a per dIem of $/ to A ug. 23,1894 28 439 Disposition of unexpended balance ELEVENTH CENSUS: 1890-Continued. Statutes at Large. Date of law. Subject-matter of law. Amount Volume. I Page. appropriated. ApPENDIX E. I Dec. 24,1894 28 596 Appropriation for salaries, rents, and necessary ex- penses for completing tbp work of compiling the CENSUS ACTS: 1790, 1840, 1850, 1880, 1890, 1900. results of the eleventh census...... _. $125, pOD.00 Appropriation for printing, engraving, and binding the final reports of the eleventh census...... 175,000.00 Jan. 12,1895 28 605 Printing office in the census office ex.cepted from the lThe first six censuses of the United States were taken under the act of March 1, 1790, with amend requirement that Department printing offices shall ments and extensions, as shown by the acts of March 3, 1839, as amended by the act of February 26, be under the control of the Public Printer. 1840, under the provisions of which the sixth census, in 1840, was taken. The seventh, eighth, and 611 Distribution of eleventh census reports continued ninth censuses were taken under the act of May 23,1850, as amended by tlle act of August 30, 1850, under existing law. Mar. with some modifications. The tenth census was taken under the act of March 3, 1879, as amended 2,1895 28 857 Census .office abolished, to terminate Mar. 4, 1895; by the act of April 20, 1880, and the eleventh census under the act of March 1,1889, as amended by unfimshed work to be completed in the office of the the acts of January 23, 1890, February 22, 1890, April 3, 1890, May 21, 1890, August 1'1, 1890, and JUly 6, Secretary of the Interior; services of the Commis- 1892, and the joint resolution of March 19, 1890. The twelfth census is to be taken in June, 1900,under sioner of Labor, in charge of the completion of the the act of March 3, 1899.] eleventh census, to be continued; use of unex- pended balances for printing authorized. ACT APPROVED MARCH I, 1790. 858 Appropriation for salaries, rents, and necessary ex- AN ACT providing for the enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States. penses of completing the work of compiling the results of the eleventh census...... _.. ___.. , __. 10,000. 00 SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and l-Iouse of Representatives of the United States Feb. 26,1896 29 24 Appropriation for salaries, rents, and necessarJ ex- of America in Congress assembled, That the marshals of the several districts of the penses in continuing the work of compiling the United States shall be, and they are hereby authorized and required to cause the results of the eleventh census. __. __...... __" 15,000.00 Mar. 19,1896 29 468 Commissioner of Labor directed to correspond and number of the inhabitants within their respective districts to be taken; omitting in confer with census officers of other governments in such enumeration Indians not taxed, and distinguishing free persons, including those order to secure uniformity in future censuses; also to submit a plan for a permanent census service. bound to service for a term of years,· from all others; distinguishing also the sexes Mar. 28, 1896 29 167 Appropriation for employment of laborers in the work and colours of free persons, and the free males of sixteen years and upwards from of distributing the reports of the eleventh census ... 3,960.00 those under that age; for effecting which purpose the marshals shall have power to June 8,1896 29 293 Appropriation for salaries, rents, and necessary ex- penses in continuing the work of compiling the appoint as many assistants within their respective districts as to them shall appear results of the eleventh census...... 10,000.00 necessary; assigning to each assistant a certain division of his district, which division 294 Appropriation to continue printing, engraving, and shall consist of one or more counties, cities, tovvns, townships, hundreds or parishes, binding the final volumes of the eleventh census·... 250,000.00 Appropriation for rents accrued in March and April, or of a territory plainly and distinctly bounded by water courses; mountains, or 1895 ...... _...... """"" ...... 162.50 public roads. The marshals and their assistants shall respectively take an oath or Feb. 19,1897 29 566 Appropriation for employment of laborers in the work affirmation, before some judge or justice of the peace, resident within their respective . of distributing the reports of the eleventh census ... 3,960.00 567 Appropriation fur salaries, rent, and necessary ex- districts, previous to their entering' on the discharge of the duties by this act required. penses incident to the proper care of the records of The oath or affirmation of the marshals shall be, "I, A. B. marshal of the district the eleventh and previous cenSU8es...... 6,800.00 Mar. 15,1898 of ---, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will well and truly cause to be made, 30 30'1 Appropriation for employment of laborers in the work a just and perfect enumeration and description of all persons resident within my dis of distributing the reports of the eleventh census ... 3,960.00 Appropriation for salaries, rent, and necessary ex- trict, and return the same to the President of the United States, agreeably to the penses incident to the proper care of records of the directions of an act of Congress, intituled 'An act providing for the enumeration of eleventh and previous censuses...... 6,800.00 July 7,1898 30 672 Appropriation for payment of work connected with thp, inhabitants of the United States,' according to the best of my ability." The the Indian report of the eleventh census ...... 600.00 oath or affirmation of an assistant shall be, "I, A. B. do solemnly swear (or affirm) Appropriation for payment of certain special agents that I will make a just and perfect enumeration and description of all persons resi of the eleventh census... __.. __._...... 535.00 dent within the division assigned to me by the marshal of the district of and Appropriation for expenses of the eleventh census.... 136.92 -- Appropriation for payment of amount due an enu- make due return thereof to the said marshal, agreeably to the directions of an act of merator ...... _... _...... __. 36.50 Congress, intituled 'An act providing for the enumeration of the inhabitants of the Appropriation for payment of rent for June, 1898...... 166.66 Appropriation for salary of clerk in charge of census United States,' according to the best of my ability." The enumeration shall com records for June, 1898...... _...... __... ___. 148.30 mence on the first Monday in August next, and shall close within nine calendar months thereafter. The several assistants shall, within the said nine months, trans mit to the marshals by whom they shall be respectively appointed, accurate returns of all persons, except Indians not taxed, within their respective divisions, which returns shall be made in a schedule, distinguishing the several families by the names of their master, mistress, steward, overseer, or other principal person therein, in mannerfollowing, that is to say: The number of persons within my division, consisting of ---, appears in a schedule hereto annexed, subscribed by n1e this -- day of --, 179-. A B, assistant to the marshal of --- Schedule of the whole n'Limber of persom within the division allotted to .A B. F"e whne I Free White Names of heRds of males of 16 yeRrs Free white females, in- All other free families. and upwards, males under Slaves. including heRds 16 years. cluding heads persons. of families. of families. I 925 926 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 927 SEC. 2. And be 1'tfurther enacted, That every assistant failing to make return, or containing the number of iYlhabitants vvithin his division, to be set up at two of the making a false return of the enum.eration to the marshal, within the time by this act most public places within the same, there to remain for the inspection of all con limited, shall forfeit the sum of two hundred dollars. cerned; for each of ·which copies the said assistant shall be entitled to receive t\yO SEC. 3. And be it further enactecl, That the marshals shall file the several returns dollars, provided proof of a copy of the schedule having been so set up and suffered aforesaid, with the clerks of their respective district courts, who are hereby directed to remain, shall be transmitted to the marshal, with the return of the num bel' of to receive and carefully preserve the same: And the marshals respectively shall, on persons; and in case any assistant shall fail to make such proof to the marshal, he or before the first day of Sept€mber, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, shall forfeit the compensation by this act allowed him. transmit to the President of the United States, the aggregate amollilt of each Approved, March 1, 1790. description of persons within their respective districts. And every marshal failing to file the returns of his assistants, or any of them, with the clerks of their respective ACTS APPROVED MARCH 3,1839, AND FEBRUARY 26,1840. district courts, Or failing to return the aggregate amount of each description of per sons in their respective districts, as the same shall appear from said returns, to the AN ACT to provide for taking the sixth census or enumeration of the inhabitants of the United President of the United States, within the time limited by this act, shall, for every States. (a) such offense, forfeit the sum of eight hundred dollars; all which forfeitures shall be Be it enacted b1./the Senate and House of Representatives of the United Stales of America recoverable in the courts of the districts where the offenses shall be committed, or in in Congress assembled, That the marshals of the several districts of the United States, the circuit courts to be held within the same, by action of debt, information or and of the District of Columbia, and of the territories of Wisconsin, Iowa, and of indictment; the one half thereof to the use of the United States, and the other half Florida, respectively, shall be, and are hereby, required, under the direction of the to the informer; but vvhere the prosecution shall be first instituted on behalf of the Secretary of the Department of State, and according to such instructions as he shall United States, the whole shall accrue to their use. And for the more effectual dis give, pursuant to this act, to cause the number of the inhabitants within their covery of offenses, the judges of the several district courts, at their next sessions to respective districts and territories (omitting, in such enumeration, Indians not taxed) be held after the expiration of the time allowed for making the returns of the to be taken according to the directions of the act. The said enumeration shall dis enumeration hereby directed, to the President of the United States, shall give this tinguish the sexes of all free white persons, and ages of the free white males and act in charge to the grand juries, in their respective courts, and shall cause the returns females, respectively, under five years of age; those of five and under ten years of of the several assistants to be laid before them for their inspection. age; those of ten years and under fifteen; those of fifteen and under twenty; those SEC. 4. And be it ft~rthe1'enacted, That every assistant shall receive at the rate of of twenty and under thirty; those of thirty and under forty; those of forty and one dollar for everyone hundred and fifty persons by him returned, where such under fifty; those of fifty and under sixty; those of sixty and under seventy; those persons reside in the country; and where such persons reside in a city, or town, of seventy and under eighty; those of eighty' and under ninety; those of ninety containing more than five thousand persons, such assistant shall receive at the rate and under one hundred; those of one hundred and upwards: and shall further of one dollar for every three hundred persons; but where, from the dispersed situ distinguish the number of those free white persons included in sucl). enumera ation of the inhabitants in some divisions, one dollar for everyone hundred tion who are deaf and dumb, under the age of fourteen years; and those of and fifty persons shall be insufficient, the marshals, with thl?approbation of the the age of fourteen years and under twenty-five; and of the age of twenty-five judges of their respective districts, may make such further allowance to the assist and upwards; and shall further distinguish the number of those free white ants in such divisions as shall be deemed an adequate compensation, provided the persons included in such enumeration who are blind: and also in like manner same does not exceed one dollar for every fifty persons by them returned. The sev of those who are insane, or idiots, distinguishing further such of the insane and idiots eral marshals shall receive as follows: The marshal of the district of lVIaine, two as are a public charge. The said enumeration shall distinguish the sexes of all free hundred dollars; the marshal of the district of New Hampshire, two hundred dol colored persons, and of all other colored persons bound to service for life or for aterm lars; the marshal of the district of lVIassachusetts, three hundred dollars; the mar of years and the ages of such free and other colored persons, respectively, of each shal of the district of Connecticut, two hundred dollars; the marshal of the district sex, under ten years of age; those of ten and under twenty-four; those of twenty of New York, three hundred dollars; the marshal of the district of New Jersey, four and under thirty-six; those of thirtY-13ix and under fifty-five; those of fifty-five two hundred dollars; the marshal of the district of Pennsylvania, three hundred and under one hundred; and those of one hundred and upwards: and shall further dollars; the marshal of the district of Delaware, one hundred dollars; the marshal distinguish the number of those free colored and other colored persons included in of the district of lVIaryland, three hundred dollars; the marshal of the district of the foregoing who are deaf and dumb, without reg?J.,rdto age, and those who are blind Virginia, five hundred dollars; the marshal of the district of Kentucky, two hun and also in like manner of those who are insane or idiots, distinguiRhing further such dred and fifty dollars; the marshal of the district of North Carolina, three hundred of the insane and idiots as are a public charge. For effecting which the marshals and fifty dollars; the marshal of the district of South Carolina, three hundred dol aforesaid shall have power, and are hereby required, to appoint one or more assist lars; the marshal of the district of Georgia, t\VO hundred and fifty dollars. And to ants in each city and county in their respective districts and territories, residents of obviate all doubts which may arise respecting the persons to be returned, and the such city or county for which they shall be appointed: and shall assign to each of manner of making the returns, the said assistants a certain division of territory; which division shall not consist, in SEC. 5. Be it enacted, That every person whose usual place of abode shall be 111 any case, of more than one county, but may include one or more towns, townships, any fam.ily on the aforesaid first lVIonday h1 August next, shall be returned as of wards, hundreds, precincts, or parishes, and shall be plainly and distinctly bounded. such family; and the name of every persbn, who· shall be an inhabitant of any dis The said enumeration shall be made by an actual inquiry by such marshals OT assist trict, but without a settled place of residence, shall be inserted in the column of the ants, at every dwelling house, or by personal inquiry of the head of every family. aforesaid schedule, which is allotted for the heads of families, in that division where The marshals and their assistants shall, respectively, before entering on the perform he or she shall be on the said first Monday in August next, and every person occasion ance of their duty under this act, take and subscribe an oath or affirmation before ally absent at the time of the enumeration, as belonging to that place in which he some judge or justice of the peace resident within their respective districts or territo usually resides in the United States. ries, for the faithful performance of their duties. The oath or affirmation of the SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That each and every person more than sixteen marshal shall be as follows: "I, A B, marshal of the district (or territory) of---, years of age, whether heads of families or not, belonging to any family within do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will truly and faithfully cause to be made a full any division of a district made or established within the United States, shall be, and perfect enumeration and description of all persons resident within my district, and hereby is, obliged to render to such assis~antof the division, a true account, (or territory,) and return the same to the Secretary of State, agreeably to the direc if required, to the best of his or her knowledge, of all and every person belong tions of an act of Congress entitled 'An act to provide for taking the sixth censns or ing to such family respectively, according to the several descriptions aforesaid, enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States,' according to the best of my on pain of forfeiting twenty dollars, to be sued for and recovered by such assist ability." The oath OT affirmation of an assistant shall be as follows: "I, A B, ant, the one-half for his 0\'1'11 use, and the other half for the use of the United appointed an assistant to the marshal of the district (or territory) of do States. --, SEC. 7. And be it f1.trther enacted, That each assistant shall, previous to making aN otes of acts providing for the enumeration of the inhabitants of the United his return to the marshal, cause a correct copy, signed by himself, of the schedule, States, vol. 1, 101. 928 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS.' 929 provisi~n a~tent~tled solemnly swear (or affirm) that I :willma~e~just, fa:it!J.~ul,and,perfect enumeration ma1e by me,. agreeably to the of the 'An act to provide for and description of all persons resIdent wlthm the dIVISIOn assIgned to me for that takmg the SIxth census or enumeratIon of the 111habltants of the United States' purpose by the marshal of the district (or terr~torJ:)of ---, and make due re~urn ~ave.been ascertained by an act~al~nquiryat every dwelling house, or a person~l thereof to the said marshal, agreeably to the dIrectIOns of al~act of Co~gress.entItled mqUlry of the head of every famIly, m exact conformity with the provisions of said 'An act to provide for taking the sixth census or ~I~umeratIOnof th~mhabltants ?f act; and that I have, in every respect, fulfilled the duties required of me by said the United States,' according to the best of myablhty, and th.at I WIll tak~tl?-e sa~d act, to the best of my abilities; and that the return aforesaid is correct and true enumeration and description by actual inquiry at eve~ydwellmg house ,:,\'Ithm saId according to the best of my knowledge and belief." . ' division, or personal inquiry of the head of ev~ryfam~ly,and not other-WIse." !he The compensation of the several marshals shall be as follows: enumeration shall commence on the first day of June, III the year one thousand eIght The marshal of the district of Maine, four hundred dollars' hund~ed hundred and farty, and shall be completed, aI~dcl.osed within ten calendar months The marshal of the district of New Hampshire, four dollars- thereafter. The several assistants shall, wlthm mne months, and on or before the The marshal of the d~str~ctof Massachusetts, four hundred and fifty dollars; first day of October, one thousand eight hundred and f~rty,deliver to the marshals The marshal of the dIstrIct of Rhode Island, two hundred and fifty dq>llars' by whom they shall be appointed, respectively, two copIes of the ac~urat~re,turns the marshal, with the return of the number of persons; and in case any assistant shall Secretary of State one copy of the several returns and statistical tables, and also the fail to make such proof to the marshal, with the return of the number of persons, as agg~ega.teamount·of each description of persons ·within their respective districts or aforesaid, he shall forfeit the compensation allowed by this act. terntones, and an aggregate also of the statistical information obtained within said SEC. 8. And be it furtheT enacted, That the Secretary of State shall· be, and hereby districts. is, authorized and required to transmit to the marshals of the several districts and r SEC. ~.And be it fUTther enacted, That in the enumeration of transient persons, the territories, regulations and instructions pursuant to this act, for carrying the same name of every person who shall be an inhabitant of any district or territory without into effect; and, also, the forms contained therein of the schedule to be returned, and J a settled place of residence, shall be inserted in the column of the schedule which is such other forms as may be necessary in carrying this act into execution, and proper allotted for the heads of families in the division where he or she shall be on the said interrogatories to be administered by the several persons to be employed in taking ,[ first day of June, eighteen hundred and forty. the enumeration. SEC. 3. And be itfurther enacted, That the compensation of the m.arshal of Missouri SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That, in those states composing two districts, r shall be three hundred dollars. where a part of a county may be in each district, such county shall be considered as SEC. 4. And be it furthel' enacted, That in lieu of the five dollars heretofore provided belonging to that district in which the court house may be situate. i~.as compensation to the assistants for each of the two correct copies of the schedules SEC. 10. And be it fUTther enacted, That, in all cases vI'here the superficial content of containing the number of inhabitants within his division to be set up in two of the any county or parish shall exceed twenty miles square, and the number of inhab mo~tpublic places wi~hinthe san~e,that there be allowed for said copies, and each itants in said parish or county shall not exceed three thousand, the marshals or .assIstant shall be ent1tled to receIve, at the rate of five dollars for ten sheets, or in assistants shall be allowed, with the approbation of the judges of the respective dis I that proportion for a less nl1lnber, and at the rate of thirty cents for every sheet over tricts or territories such further compensation as shall be. deemed reasonable: PTO [ ten in the copy of the return. And in all cases, where the assistants to the marshals 1ricled,The same does not exceed four dollars for every fifty persons by them returned; It shall have performed the duties and made the returns required by the thirteenth amI when any such county or parish shall exceed forty miles square, and the number section of the act for taking the sixth census, they shall be allowecl therefor a sum of inhabitants in the same shall not exceed three thousand, a like allowance shall be €qual to ~wentyper centum on the allowance made to them respectively, for the made, not to exc~edsix dollars for every fifty persons so returned. €nl1lneratlOn. SEC. 11. And be it furtheT enacted, That when the aforesaid enumeration shall be .SEC. 5. And be it fUTthe?'enacted, That the copies of returns and aggregate amounts completed and returned to the office of the Secretary of State by the marshals of the dIrected to be filed by the marshals with the clerks of the several District Conrts ancl states and territories, he shall direct the printers to Congress to print, for the use of Supreme Courts of the territories of the United States, shall be preserved by said Congress, ten thousand copies of the aggregate returns received from the marshals: clerks and remain in their offices respectively, and so much of the act to which this And pTovided, That if any marshal, in any district within the United States or ter is an amendment as requires that they shall be transmitted by said clerks to the ritories, shall, directly or indirectly, ask, demand, or receive, or contract to receive; Department of State is hereby repealed. of any assistants to be appointed by him under this act, any fee, reward, or com SEC. 6. And be it furtheT enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State pensation, for the appointment of such assistant to discharge the duties required of to cause to be noted all the clerical errors in the returns of the marshals and assist such assistant under this act, or shall retain from such assistant any portion of the ants, whether in the additions, classification of inhabitants or otherwise, and to compensation allowed to the assistant by this act, the said marshal shall be deemed direct to be printed in the manner provided for in the act to which this is an amend guilty of a misden1.eanor in office, and shall forfeit and pay the amount of five hun [l1ent the corrected aggregate returns only. dred dollars for each offense, to be recovered by suit or indictment in any circuit or SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That so much of the thirteenth section of the act district court of the United States or the territories thereof, one half to the use of the of the third of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five, as restricts the Govermnent, and the other half to the informer; and all contracts which may be weight of packages by mail, shall not apply to the transmission of papers relating to made in violation of this law, shall be void, and all sums of money or property paid, the census or enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States, and upon the may be recovered back by the party paying the same, in any court having jurisdiction transmission of said papers by themail.betweenthemarshalsandtheirassistants.it of the same. - :shall be lawful for the postmasters to charge periodical parnphlet postage only. SEC. 12. A'J'I-dbe it further enacted, .That there shall be ·allowed and paid to the mar SEC. 8. And be ,itf7J,rtherenacted, That it shall be lawful for the marshal of any dis shals of the several states, territories, and the District of Columbia, the amount of tri?t, to take part in the enumeration of a portion of his district, and uponliis so postage by them respectively paid on IEjtters relating to their duties lmder this act. domg he shall have the benefit of the compensation allotted therefor, as if it had SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That the aforesaid marshals and their assistants been done by an assistant. shall also take a census of all persons receiving pensions from the United States for SEC. 9. And be it furtheT enacted, That the compensation of the respective persons revolutionary or military services, stating their names and ages; and also shall collect who are employed by the Secretary of State in executing the provisions of this act, and return in statistical tables, under proper heads, according to such forms as shall shall be, fifteen hundred dollars to the superintending clerk, per annum; to the be furnished, all such information in relation to mines, agriculture, commerce, manu recording clerk, eight hundred dollars per annum; to an assistant clerk, six hundred factures, and schools, as will exhibit a full view of the pursuits, industry, education and fifty dollars per annum; and to the packer and folder, six hundred and fifty and resources of the country, as shall be directed by the President of the United donal'S per annum; and the said salaries shall commence from the date oftheir beinD' States. And it shall be the duty of th~Secretary of State, under the direction of the .so employed, and that of the persons to be employed, to examine and correct th~ President, to prepare such forms, reguiations, and instructions, as shall be necessary returns from the marshals and their assistants, at the same rates as were paid for the and proper to comply with the provisions of this act. like services rendered under the act for taking the fifth census, to be paid out of any SEC. 14. And beit fUTtherenacted, That the sum of twenty thousand dollars is hereby money appropriated for carrying into effec;t the act for taking the sixth census or appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the Bnumeration of the inhabitants of the United States. purpose of carrying this act into effect. SEC. 10. And be it further enacted, That all acts and parts of acts whose provisions Approved, March 3, 1839. are inconsistent with the enactments of this amendatory act, are hereby repealed. Approved, February 26, 1840. AN ACT to amenq. the act" to provide for taking the sixth census or enumeration of the inhabitants of the Ul1ited States," approved March third, eighteen hundred and thirty-nine. ACTS APPROVED MAY 23; 1850, AND AUGUST 30, 1850. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America AN ACT providing for the taking of the seventh and subsequent censuses of the United States, and to fix the number of the members of the House of Representatives, and provide for their future in Congress asselnbled, That the enumeration shall commence on the first day of June, apportionment among the several States. in the year eighteen hundred and forty, and shall be completed and closed within five calendar months thereafter. The several assistants shall within five months, the duties, liabilit'ies, and compensation of marshals. and on or before the first day of November, eighteen hundred and forty, deliver to I.-Qf the marshals, by whom they shall be appointed, two copies of the returns of the Be U enacted by the Senate and J-Io'Useof Representati7.Jesof the United States of A/M>ica enumeration and statistical tables, and the marshals respectively, shall, on or before in Con.qressasse?FLbled,That the marshals of the several districts of the United States the first day of December, in the year eighteen hundred and forty, transmit to the including the District of Columbia and the territories, are hereby required respectively 932 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS, 933 to cause all the inhabitants to be enumerated, and to collect all the other statistical meJ..lt to collect .the social statistics shall not be deemed an int'erference with the information within their respective districts, in the manner provided for in this act, dutIes of the aSSIstants. ' a;nd speci?ed in the instructions which shall be given by the Secretary of the Inte rIor, and m the tables annexed, and to return the same to the said Secretary on or .~E~.8. Ancl be it further.e1~cwtecl,That whenever the population returned in any before the iirst day of November next ensuing, omitting from the enumeration of the dl~trlctshall exceed one mIllIon, the marshal thereof shall be entitled to receive as a inhabitants Indians not taxed; also, at the discretion of said Secretary, any part or compensation for all his servi,ces in executing this act, after the rate of one dollar for all the statistics of the territories except those of population: Provided, however, And each ~ho~sandpersons; but If the number returned shall be less than a million in if the time assigned for making the returns shall prove inadequate for the territories, any dIstnct, the marshal thereof shall be allowed for his services at the rate of one the said Secretary may extend the same: Provided, jurther, If there be any district or dollar and twenty-iive cents for each thousand persons: Pr01xiclecl, lwwever, That no territory of the United States in which there is no marshal of the United States, the marsh::l shall receiye less than two hundred and fifty dollars: and when the com-' President shall appoint some suitable person to discharge the duties assigned by this pensatIOn does notm. the whole exceed the sum of five hundred dollars, a reasonable act to marshals. allowance for clerk blre s~al1be made, t~eamount whereof shall be determined by t~eSeeretary ~ft~eIn~erwr.promde~,jurther, of dis SEC. 2. And be it j'iirther enacted, That each of said marshals shall, before entering And That the marshal any upon his duties, take and subscribe the following oath, or affirmation, before any tnc.t may, at hIS d.lscr~tIOn,perform the dutles of an assistant in any subdivision in circuit or district judge of the United States, or before any judge of anv state court, w~IChhe ma): reSIde; and when ~eshall personally perform the duties assigned bv to wit: . thIS .act to a~sIstants,he shall receIVe therefor the compensation allowed to assistants for lIke serVICes. I, ------, marshal of the district of ---, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will to the best of my ability enumerate, or cause to be enumerated, all the Assistants, their Duties, Liabilities,wnd Compensation. inhabitants of the said district, and will collect, or cause to be collected, the other n.-Oj same~ statistical information within the and will faithfully perform all the duties SEC. 9. An.cl be ~tfurthe: enacted, Th~tno assistant shall be deemed qualified to enjoined on me by the act providing for the taking of the Seventh Census. enter u~o~hIS dl}tIes, uptll he ~asre.celved from the marshal, under his hand, such And when duly authenticated by the said judge, he shall deposit a copy thereof, ~commISSIOn as IS provlded.for m thIS act, and shall take, and subscribe the follow so authenticated, with the said Secretary of the Interior, and no marshal shall dis mg oath, or affirmatIOn, whICh shall be thereon indorsed, to wit: charge any of the duties herein required, until he has taken and subscribed this I, ------, an assi~tantto the marshal of the district o~---, do solemnly oath, and forwarded a copy as aforesaid. swear (or affirm) that I WIll make a true and exact enumeratIOn of all tbe inhabi SEC. 3. And be itjurther enacted, That each marshal shall separate his district into t~n~swithi~th~district assigned t? me, and will also faithfully collect the other sta subdivisions containing not exceeding twenty thousand persons in each, unless the tIStICStherem, m the manner prOVIded for in the act for takinO' the Seventh Census limitation to that number causes inconvenient boundaries, in which case the number and in conformity with all lawful instructions which I may I:eceive and will mak~ may be larger; and shall also estimate, from the best sources of information which due and correct returns thereof, as required in said act. ' he is able to obtain, the number of square miles in each subdivision, and transmit , (Signed.) the same to the Department of the Interior: Provided, hO'ioever, That in bounding such subdivisions, the limits thereof shall be known civil divisions, such as county, Which said ?at~,or affirmation, may be administered by any judge of a court of hundred, parish, township, town, city, ward or district lines, or highways, or natural record, or any JustIce of the peace empowered to administer oaths, and a copy thereof boundaries, such as rivers, lakes, etc. dulyauthentlcated shall be forwarded to the marshal by such assistant before he SEC. 4. And be ,it ju,rther enacted, That each marshal shall appoint an assistant for proceeds to the business of the appointment. each such subdivision, who is a resident therein, to whom he shall give a commission SEC. 10. .(incl be it f'iorther enacted, That each assistant, when duly qualiiied in man under his hand, authorizing him to perform the duties herein assigned to assistants, ner a~oresald,shall perform the service required of him, by a personal visit to each which commission shall set forth the boundaries of the subdivision, of which appoint d\vellll~ghou~e,al;~to each family, in the subdivision assigned to him, and shall ment so made, and the boundaries so speciiied, the marshal shall keep a true and ascertam, hf IpqUlne~made o~some m~mberof each family, if anyone can be found faithful record. capable of gIvmg the mformatIOn, but If not, then of the aO'ent of such family the SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That each marshal shall seasonably supply each nam.e of each m.emb~rth~reof,the age and place of birth of each, and all the ~ther assistant with the instructions issued by the Department of the Interior, the blanks partIculars specliied m thIS act, the tables thereto subjoined, and the instructions of provided for the enumeration of the population, and the collection of other statistics, th,e Secretary of the Interior; ~ndsha:!l a~sovisit J?ers?nally ~hefarms, mills, shops, and give to him, from time to time, all such information and directions as may be !mn~s,a:nd.other places respe.ctmg whIC~mformatIOn IS reqmred, as above specified, necessary to enable him to discharge his duty. He shall carefully examine whether m hIS dlstnct, and shall obtam all such mfmmation from the best and most reliable the return of each assistant marshal be made in conformity with the terms of this act, sources; and when, in either case, the information is obtained and entered on the and, where discrepancies are detected, require the same to be corrected. He shall t~bles,as obtained, till the same iseomplete, then such memoranda shall be imme dispose of the two sets of the returns required from the assistant marshals as herein dla~el;yrea~lto the perso~or persons furnishing the facts, to correct errors and supply after provided for as follows: One set he shall transmit forthwith to the Secretary of omISSIOns, If any shall eXIst. the Interior; and the other copy thereof he shall transmit to the office of the secre SE?, 11. A~dbe it f'iorther encu:led" That each assistant shall, within one month after tary of the state or territory towhicM his district belongs. He shall classify and the tIme speCliied for the completIOn of the enumeration, furnish the original census determine the rate of compensation to be paid to each assistant marshal according returns to tbe clerk of the county court of their respective counties, and two copies, to the provisions of this act, subject to the iinal approval of the Secretary of the duly compared and corrected, to the marshal of the district. He shall affix his sig Interior. He shall, from time to time, make himself acquainted \vith the progress nature to each page of the schedules before he returns them to his marshal and on made by each assistant marshal in the discharge of his duties, and in case of inability t?e last page thereof, shall state the whole nu~berof pages in each return,' an(l.~er or neglect arising from sickness, or otherwise, appoint a substitute. tIfy that they wer~well and truly made accordmg to Hie tenor of his oath of office. SEC. 6. And be it f'ilrther enacted, That if any marshal shall, by any arrangement or ~EC.12. 1nd be.~tfurther enacted, That each assistant shall be allowed, as compen understanding whatever, secure to himself any fee, reward, or c9mpensation for the satlOn for .hIS serVIces, after the rate of two cents for each person enumerated, and ten appointment of an assistant, or shall in any way secure to himself any part of the cents a mIle for necessary travel, to be ascertained by multiplying the square root of compensation provided by this act for the services of assistants, or if he shall know the number of dwelling houses in the division by the square root of the number of ingly neglect or refuse to perform the duties herein assigned to him, he shall, in any square miles in each division, and the product shall be taken as the number of ruiles such case, be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and if convicted in any such case, traveled for all purposes in taking this census, shall, for such offense, forfeit and pay not less than one thousand dollars. SEC. 13. A~dbe it jurt!ter enCf'cted, That, in addition to the compensation allowed for SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That any marshal of the United States may, for the enumeratIOn of the ll1?abltants, there sba:ll b~paid for each farm, fully returned, any purposes not inconsistent with the duties of the assistants here~nprovided for, ten cents; for each esta~hshm~n~of productlve mdustry, fully taken and returned, appoint a deputy or deputies, to act in his beh~lf;but fo~'all offiCIal acts of sl}ch iifteen cents; for the SOCIalstatIstIcs, two per cent upon the amount allowed for the deputy or deputies the marshal shall be responsIble: Promded, however. An appomt- enumeratio~of population, an.d for e::ch name of a deceased person returned, two cents: Promded, however, That,lll lllakmg returns of farms and establishments of pro- 934 HISTORY .AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY .AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 935 du~tiveindustry, the instructions given by the Secretary of the Interior m.ust be priated, out of any money in the Tre~surynot otherwise appropriated, one hundred strIctly observed, and no allowance shall be made for any return not authorized by and fifty thousand dollars; out of whIch the said Secretary of the Interior may allow such instructions, or for any returns not limited to the year next preceding the first to the person employed as secretary of the census board, a compensation after th~ of June next. rat~of three thousand dollars per annum during the period he may necessarily be in SEC. 14. And be it jU1,theT enacted, That any assistant who, having accepted the theIr employ. appointment, shall,' without justifiable cause, neglect or refuse to perform the duties ~EC.21. And be it fUTther enacted, That whenever a marshal shall certify that an enjoined on him by this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, aSSIstant ~ascompleted to his s~!isfaction,and made return of the subdivision con be liable to a forfeiture of five hundred dollars; or if he shall willfully make a false fided. ~ohIm, an~shall also certify the amount of compensation to which under the oath, it shall be deemed perjury; or if he shall willfully make a false certificate, it proVlsl.ons of thIS act, such assistant ~sentitled, designating how much fa; each kind shall be deemed a misdem.eanor, and if convicted or found guilty of either of the of serVICe, t~eSecretary ~fthe Intenor shall thereupon cause one-half of thesmn so last-nan:ed ?ffenses, he shall forfeit and pay not exceeding five thousand dollars, ~ueto b.e Pal~to ~uchaSSIstant, and when the returns have been carefully examined and be nupnsoned not less than two years. And each marshal shall be alike pun for classlficatwn, If fOUl~dexecuted in a manner satisfactory, then he shall also cause ishable ror the two last-named offenses when committed by him. t?e other.~alfto be pard. And he shall make payments in the manner and upon SEC. 15. And be it jurther enacted, That each and every free person more than lIke condItIOns to the several marshals for their services. twenty years of age, belonging to any family residing in any subdivision, and in case ~EC.22. .And be it j~irtherenacted, That the tables hereto annexed, and made part of of the absence of the heads, and other members of any such family, then any agent thIS act, are numb~redfrom one to six, i:1,clusive. (a) of such family shall be, and each of them hereby is, required, if thereto requested by S~c.23. .And.be ~tjurthe1' enacted, That If no other law be passed providing for the the marshal or his assistant; to render· a true account, to the best of his or her takmg of the eIghth, or any subsequent census of the United States, on or before the knowledge, of every per80n belonging to such family, in the various particulars first day of J anu.ary of any year, ~vhen,by the C~:m8titu.tionof the United States, any required in and by this act, and the tables thereto subjoined, on pain of forfeiting future.enumera;tlOn of the mhabItants thereof IS reqmred to be taken, such census thirty dollars, to be sued for and recovered in an action of debt bv the assistant to shall, m all thmg~,be taken and completed according to the provisions of this act, the use of the United States. " SEC.24. -1ncl be 1tf~irtherenac!ed, That from and after the third day of March, one . SEC. 16. And be 1:tfurtheT enacted, That all fines and penalties herein provided for thousand eIght hundred and fifty-three, the House of Representatives shall be com may be enforced in the courts of the United States within the states or territories posed ?f two hundred ~ndthi~ty-threemembers, to be apportioned among the several ,vhere such offense shall have been committed, or forfeiture incurred. states 111 the manner dIrected 111 the next section of this act. SEC. 17. And be it fnrtheT enacted, That the marshals and their assistants are hereby SEC. 25.. And be itfuTther enaete~l,That so soon as the next and each subsequent authorized to transmit, through the post-office, any papers or documents relating to enun..1e~atlOnof the mhabltants of the several states, directed by the Oonstitution of tl~ecensus, b:y ~vriting~hereon,"Official business,. Census," and subscribing the san~e the Umted States to be taken, shall be completed and retlirned to the office of the ,vlth the addItIOn to hIS name of marshal, or aSSIstant, as the case may be; but thIS Depart~1entof the Interior, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Interior to privilege shall extend to nothing but documents and. papers relating to the census, ascertam the aggregate representative population of the United States by addinO' to which shall pass free; and the sum of t"welve thousand dollars is hereby appropriated the whole number of free persons in all the states, including those bO~1l1d.to ser~ice exclu~ing out o~any money in the Trea~u~ynot othenvise appropriated, for the purpose of for a tern:- of years, and Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other per coverm~the expense of transmlttmg the blanks and other matter through the mail, SO~1S;whICh aggregate populatIOn he shall divide by the number two hundred and to be paId to the Post-Office Department. tlllrty-three, and the pro.duet of such divisi<;ll1' rejecting any fraction of an unit, if SEC. 18. And be it fnrther enacted, That if, in any of the territories or places "vhere any s~chhappen to remam, shall be the ratIO, or rule of apportionment, of Repre the population is sparse, the officers of the Army, or any persons thereto belonging, sentatIves among the several st~tesunder such enumeration; and the said Secretary can be usefully employed in taking the census, the Secretary of vVar is hereby directed of. the Department c:f the Inter~orshall then proceed, in ~h~same manner, to ascer to afford such aid, if it can be given w!thout prejudice to the public service. tam the repres~ntatlvepOI;lUlatl~mof each state, and to dIVIde the whole number of SEC. 19. And be it fn1"ther enacted, That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby the repres~ntatlvepopulatIOn of each st~teby t!J.~~atioalready determined by him re9.uired to carry into effect the provisions of this act, and to provide blanks and dis as abov~drrected; ~ndthe product of thIS last dIVISIOn shall be the number of Rep tnbute the same among the marshals, so that the enumeration may commence on resentatives apportIOned to such state under the then last enumeration: Provided the 1st day of June next, and be taken with reference to that day in each and every That the loss in the nU~1?~rof members ca~sedby the fractions remaining ill th~ district and subdivision of districts; to draw up and distribute, at the same time, sev:era;l states, on the (11VlS1Ono~the populatIOn thereof, shall be compensated for by printed instructions, defining and explaining the duties of such as collect the statis assl~mngt~so many states havmg the largest fractions, one additional member each tics, and the limits by which such duties are circumscribed, in a clear and intelligible for ItS fractIOn as n~aybe necessary to make the whole number of Representatives manner; to see, also, that all due diligence is employed by the marshals and assist two hundred and t~lYty-three..And provided, also, That if, after the apportionment an~sto make return of their respective doings completed, at the times herein pre of the Representatives under the next, or any subsequent census a new state or scnbed; and further, as the returns are so made, to cause the same to be classified sta~esshall be admitted into the Union, the Representative or Representatives and arranged in the best and most convenient Hl?>nner for use, and lay the same aS~lgnedto. such new.sta;te OT sta~esshall be in addition to the number of Represent at~ves before Congress at the next session ~hereof.And to enable him the better to dis herem above lImIted; '",hlch exceS5 of Representatives over two hundred and charge these duties, he is hereby authorized and required to appoint a suitable and thIrty-three shall only contmue until the next succeedinO' apportionmEmt of Repre- competent person as superintending clerk, who shall, under his direction, have the sentatives under the next succeeding census. to ' general m.anagement of matters appertaining thereto, with the privilege of franking SEC. 26. A.nd be 1'tj~(Ttherenacted,. That. when the Department of the Interior shall and receiving, free of charge, all official documents and letters connected therewith; have apportIOned the Repre8entatlves, m the manner above directed, among the and the said Secretary shall also appoint such clerks and other officers as may be several. states under the next or. any subsequent enumeration of the inhabitants of necessary, from time to time, for the efficient management of said service. And the the Umte.d States, he shall, as soon as practicable, make out and transmit, under the compensation to be allowed and paid to the officers connected with the Census Office, seal of hIS offic~,to the House of Representatives, a certificate of the number of shall be as follows: For the superintending clerk, t,vo thousand five hundred dol m.embers apportioned to each state under the then last enumeration' and shall like lalFl per annum, in full for his services; and for other assistants and clerks the com WIse make ou~and transmit, without delay, to the executive of each state, a certifi pE;lhsation usually paid for similar services, to be fixed and allowed by the'Secretary cate, undeT hIS seal of office, of the number of members apportioned to such state of the Interior. Provided, That no salary to a subordinate clerk under this section under such last enumeration. shall e~ce~dthe su~of one thousand dollars per annum. The blanks and prepara . SEC. 27. .And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Interior, in his instruc tory prmtmg for takmg the census shall be prepared and executed under the direc tIOns to the marshals, shall direct that the statistics in regard to all other descriptions tion of the census board; the other printing hereafter to be executed as Congress of hemp not embraced in the denomination of dew and water rotted shall be taken shall direct. and estimated in the returns. ' SEC. 20. [as amended by section 3, chapter 74, laws of 1852; act of July 30, 1852, Approved, May 23, 1850. yolo 10, S. L., page 25.J And be it further enacted, That for the purpose of carrying mto effect this act, and defraying the preliminary expenses, there is hereby appro- a Schedules 1 to 6 were appended to act. (See Appendix A.) 936 HISTORY AND GROWTH O:F THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED $TATES CENSUS. 937 TERRITORIES-SUPPLEMENT ARY. with the consent of said Superintendent, to employ such persons as enumerators within his district, one for each subdivision, and resident therein, who shall be Be it erLacted by the Senate (lnd House of Representat~vesoj the D?~itedStates oj Arn~rica selected solely with reference to their fitness, and 'without reference to their political in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of the Intenor be, and IS he~eby,~uthoYlzed or party affiliations, according to the apportionment approved by the Superintendent to increase the compensation allm"ed to marshals or agents, and theIr a~sIstants,for of Census; to transmit to enumerators the printed forms and schedules issued from taking the seventh census in California, Oregon, Utah, and New MeXICO,so as to the Census Office, in quantities suited to the requirements of each subdivision; to secure the prompt and faithful executiO!l of the wo~k. communicate to enumerators.the necessary instructions and directions relating to SEC. 2. And be it ft~rtharenacted, That m enun;teratmg persons resldmg..... m Cal~forma, their duties, and to the methods of conducting the census, and to advise with and Oregon Utah and New Mexico, the several aSSIstant marshals or agents shall mclude counsel enumerators in person and by letter, as freely and fully as may be required to those ,,:ho m~yhave removed from their residence in any ~tateor territory of the secure the purposes of this act; and under the direction of the Superintendent of United States prior to the first day of June, one thousand eIght hundred and fifty, Census, and to facilitate the taking of the census yvith as little delay as possible, he and settled subsequent to that date in either of the said countries. may cause to be distributed by the enumerators, prior to the taking of the enumera SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That each assistant marshal or agent shall pe paid tion, schedules to be filled up by householders and others; to provide for the early for making out and returning complete copies. of to-e. original census r~turns,as and safe transmission to this office of the returns of enumerators, embracing all the .required in the eleventh section of the act to whIch thIS IS a supplement, eIght ,cents schedules filled by them in the course of enumeration, and for the due receipt and for each paO'e of the two copies of the original census returns, required to be furmshed custody of such returns pending their transmission to the C8nsus Office; to examine by the elev~nthsection of the act to wh~chthis is a sup:pleJ?lent. . and scrutinize the returns of enumerators, in order to ascertain whether the work SEC. 4. And be it jt~rtherenacted, That m any of the dlstncts of the Umted States has been performed in all respects in compliance with the provisions of law, and where causes beyond the control of the marshal shall have tended to delay the taking whether any town or village or integral portion of the district has been omitted from' of the census so that the same could not be taken, and return thereof made within enumeration; to forward to the Superintendent of Census the completed returns of the time prescribed by the act of twenty-third May, the Secretary of the Interior his district in such time and manner as shall be prescribed by the said Superintend may, if he sees proper, extend the time to any day not later than the first day of ent, and in the event of discrepancies or deficiencies appearing in the returns from January, eighteen hundred and fifty-one: Provided, That the Secretary may e;x:tend his district, to use all diligence in causing the same to be corrected or supplied; to the time for completing the census in California, 9regon, Utah, and New MexICO, to make up and forward to the Superintendent of Census the accounts required for such time as in his discretion may be deemed adVIsable. ascertaining the amount of compensation due under the provisions of this act to each Approved August 30, 1850. enumerator of his district. SEC. 6. Each supervisor of census shall, upon the completion of his duties to the ACTS APPROVED MARCH 3, 1879, AND APRIL 20, 1880. satisfaction of the Secretary of the Interior, receive the sum of five hundred dollars in full compensation for all services rendered and expenses incurred by him, except AN ACT to provide for taking the tenth and subsequent censuses. an allowance for clerk hire may be made, at the discretion of the Superintendent of Be it enacted by the Senate and HOttse of Representat~vesoj the·United s,tates of America Census. SEC. 7. upo~ in Congress assembled, That a census o~the populatIOn, wealth,. and mdustryof the No enumerator shall be deemed qualified to enter his duties untIl he United States shall be taken on or for the date, June first, eIghteen hundred and has received from the supervisor of census of the district to which he belongs a com ~~. mission, under his hand, authorizing him to perform the duties of an enumerator, • . SEC.2. That there shall be established in the Department of the Intenor an office and setting forth the boundaries of the subdivision within which such duties are to to be denominated the Census Office, the chief officer of which shall be called the be performed by him. He shall, moreover, take and subscribe the following oath or Superintendent of the Census, whose duty it shall be, under the direction of the ~ead affirmation: of the department, to superint~ndand direct th.e taking of the Tenth Census of the United States, in accordance WIth the laws relatl11g thereto, and to perform such other "I, , an enumerator for taking the census of the United duties as may be required of him by law. . . States, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will make a true and exact enumeration SEC.3. The Superintendent of Census shall be apPol11ted by the PreSIdent, by and of all the inhabitants within the subdivision assigned to me, and will also faithfully with the advice and consent of the Senate; and he shall receive an annual salary of collect all other statistics therein, as provided for in the act for taking the --- nve thousand dollars; and the Secretary of the Interior may appoint a chief clerk of census, and in conformity with all lawful instructions which I may receive, and will the Census Office, six clerks of class four, ten clerks of class tJ;1ree, fifteen clerks of make due and correct returns thereof as required by said act, and ,vill not disclose class two, with such number of clerks of class one, and of COpyIsts and computers at any information contained in the schedules, lists, or statements obtained by me to salaries of not less than seven hundred dollars or more than one thousand dollars, any person or persons, except to my superior officers. as may be found necessary for the proper and prompt compilation and publication of (Signed) the results of the enumeration of the census herein provided to be taken. And upon 'Which said oath or affirmation may be administered by any judge of a court of such compilation and publication of said census, said office of Superintendent shall record, or any justice of the peace empowered to administer oaths; and a copy -cease, and the period of service of sai<;l,clerks shall end. thereof, duly authenticated, shall be forwarded to the supervisor of census before the SEC.4. The Secretary of the Inten6r shall, on or before the first day of March, date fixed herein for the commencement of the enumeration. eighteen hundred and eighty, designate the number, whet~erone or more, of supe~ .SEC. 8. It shall be the duty of each enumerator, after being qualified in the man visors of census, to be appointed vyithin each state or ternto~y,who shall be. reSI ner aforesaid, to ·visit personally each dwelling house in his subdivision, and each dents of the state or territory. The supervisors shall be apPol11ted by the PreSIdent family therein, and each individual living out of a family in any place of abode, and of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The to~al by inquiry made of the head of such family, or of the member thereof deemed most number of such supervisors shall not exceed one hundred and fif~y.The.Superm credible and worthy of trust, or of such individual living out of a family, to obtain tendent and the supervisors shall, before entering upon t~edutIes of theIr offices, --~ each and every item of information and all the particulars required by this act, as respectively, take and subscribe the following oath or affirmatIOn: I, ---- of date June first, eighteen hundred and eighty. And in case no person shall be (Superintendent or supervisor, as the case may be), do solemnly swear o~affirm that found at the usual place of abode of such family or individual living out of a family J,k.- I will support the Constituti.on of the United St~tes,and p.erform and dIscharge !he competent to answer the inquiries made in compliance with the requirements of this duties of the office of (Superl11tendent or superVIsor, as the case may be), accordll;tg act, then it shall be lawful for the enumerator to obtain the required information, as to law, honestly and correctly, to the best of my ability; which oath shall be filed m nearly as may be practicable, from the family or families or person or persons living the office of the Secretary of the Interior.. .. nearest to such place of abode: Provided, That Indians not tax;.ed shall be omitted SEC. 5. Each supervisor of census shall be charged WIth the ~erformance,wlthm I from the enumeration; but the Superintendent of Census may employ special agents his own district, of the following duties: 'Io propose to the Supe~1l1tendentof Census or other means to make an enumeration of aU Indians not taxed, within the juris the apportionment of his district into su~divisionsmost convell1~ntfor the purpose diction of the United States, with such information as to their condition as may be of enumeration; to designate to the Superl11tendent of Census smtable persons, and, obtainable. If· I. 938 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 939 SEC. 9. And it shall be further the duty of each enumerator to fonYard the oriO'inaI schedules, duly certified, to the supervisor of census of his district as his returns ered in an action of debt in any court of competent jurisdiction, in the name and to under the provisions of this act. ' the use of the United States, and in addition thereto shall be guilty of a misdemeanor SEC. ] O. The compensatibn of enumerators shall be ascertained and fixed as and on conviction thereof shall be imprisoned for a term not exceeding one year. ' follows: In sub~1ivisions\vherethe Superintendent of Census shall deem such an SEC. 15. That all fines and penalties imposed by this act may be enforced by indict ~llowancesuffic18nt, an allowance not exceeding two cents for each living inhab ment or appropTiate action at law in any court of competent jurisdiction where such Itant, two cents for each death reported, ten cents for each farm and fifteen cents offenses shall have been committed or forfeitures incmred. ffproductive i~ldustryenumerated and' returned, may be SEC, 16. That the superintendent, his chief clerk, supervisors, and enumerators are gIven m full compensatIOn for all serVICes; and no claim for mileaO'e or travelinO' heTeby authorized to transmit through the post-office any paper or document relating expenses ,shall be allowed in such subdivisions: PmuiclecZ,That the ~ubdivisionst~ to the census, by writing thereon "Official business-Census," and subscribing the :which the above rate of con1.pensatiQn.shall apply must be designated by the Super eame, with the addition to his l1[.me of his official title. But this privilege shall mtendent of Census at least one month m advance of the enumeration' and no account extend to nothing but documents and papeTs relating to the census, which shall pass .of the time <:)C:upied in enumerat~onshall be required for the purpo;e of ascertaining free. And any superintendent, supervisor, enumeTator, or clerk, who shall use OT and determmmg the compensatIOn of enumerators in such subdivisions. For all exercise this privilege for any purpose other than the legitimate discharge of the duties other subdivisions, rates of compensation shall be fixed in advance of the enumera of his office shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall for tion !JY the Superintender:t of Cen~us,with the approval of the Secretary of the feit for each offense a sum not exceeding one hundred dollaTs. InterIO~,accordll1g to the dIfficulty of en~meration,having reference to the nature of SEC. 17. The schedules of inquiries at the tenth census shall be the same as those t~1.ereg:IOn to be. canvassed, and the denSIty or sparseness of settlement, or other con contained in section number tvyenty-two hundred and six of the Revised Statutes of slClera~IOI~spertment thereto; but the comp~nsationallowed to any enumerator in t?e United. States, of eighteen hunched and seventy-eight, with the following excep any cbstrJCt east of the one hundredth menchan shall not exceed an average of four tIons, to WIt: dollars per day o~ten hours actual field-work each; and the compensation allowed to Schedule number one shall contain inquiTies as to the relation of each person any enumerator m any district west of the one hundredth meridian shall not exceed enumerated to the head of the family, whether wife, son, daughter, servant, boarder, . six do~lm'sper.working day of equa~lengt~1.And the Superintendent of Census may or other; as to the civil conditions of each peTSon enumerated, whether married, prescnbe a umform method and smtable forms for keeping account of the time occu widowed, or single; as to the place of birth of the parents of each person enumerated; pied in field-work, for the purpose of ascertaining the amounts due to enumerators as to all foreign bom, whether alien or naturalized peTsons; and as to the physical severally, undeT the provisions of this act. ' and mental health of each person enumerated whetheT active or disabled, maimed, SEC. 11. The subdivision assigned to any enumerator shall not exceed four thousand crippled, bed-ridden, deaf, dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic, and whetheT employed or ~nhabitant~,a~cording.tothe census of eightee~1hU~1dredapd seventy: Provided, That unemployed, and if unemployed during what portion of the year. From the same m the tern tones and III the states admItted mto the Umon since eighteen hundred schedule the inquiTies as to the value of real and personal estate owned shall be and seventy, the supervisors of census may appoint additional enumeratOTs in cases stTicken out. where, ~nhis judgment, the .census cannot be.pTopeTly taken in thiTty days by Teason To schedule number two, the Superintendent of the Census may, with the approval of the ll1CTeaSe of populatIOn or the phYSIcal features of the said distTict. The of the SecretaTy of the Interior, add inquiries relating to the acreage of the several boundaTies of all subdivisions shall be clearly descTibed by civil divisions rivers crops reported; and, with a like approval, may drop fTom the schedule such of the roads, public sUTveys, or otheT easily distinguished lines. '.' minor crops as it may be deemed expedient to omit from the enumeration. SEC. 12. That any supervisoT or enumerator, who, having taken and subscribed Schedule number three shall contain inquiTies respecting the kind and amount of the, oath requir~dby ~h.isact, sha)l, \vith01?-t justifiable caus,e, neglect 01' refuse to power employed in establishments of productive industry, and the kind and Dum peTform the dutIeS enJoll1ed on hun by thIS act, 01' shall, WIthout the authority of ber of machines in use, together with the maximum capacity of such establish the Superintendent, communicate to any person not authorized to receive the same ment, where the Superintendent of Census shall deem such inquiry appropriate; any st!;ttistics of property or busi~le~sincluded in, his return, shall be deemed guilty and the said Superintendent may, when he shall regard it expedient, prepare special of a mIsdemeanor, and upon conVICtIOn shall forf81ta sum not exceeding five hundred blank fOTms for sepamte industries. dollars; or" if he shall. willfully and know!n~lyswear or affirm falsely, he shall be Schedule number four shall contain inquiries relating to the public indebtedness of deeme0- gmlty of perJury, ~nd,on convI9tIOn. thereof, shall be imprisoned not cities, counties, incorporated villages, and towns, and school districts; and of the exceedmg three years or by nne not exceedmg 8lght hundred dollars' or if he shall owneTship of the public debt of the United States, by whom. owned and the respec willfully and knowingly make false certificates OT fictitious retun~s,he shall be tive amounts; and such additional inquiTies respecting the same, as \vell as respecting deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction of either of the last named the public paupers and cTiminals, as the Superintendent of Census shall deem neces offenses, he shall forfeit and pav a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars and be sary to secure full information respecting the numbers and condition of these classes. imprisoned not exceeding two years. Schedule number five shall contain inluiries as to the birthplace of the father and SEC. 13. That if any person shall receive or secure to himself any fee reward or mother of each person reported as having died during the year, and as to the usual compensation as a consideration for the employment of any person as en~merato~01' occupation of each such person. ' clerk, or shall in any way receive or secure to himself aily part of the compensation The SupeTintendent of Census shall require and obtain from every railroad provided in this act for the services of any enumerator or clerk, he shall be deemed cOTporation, or the lessee or receiver thereof, the following facts, to exhibit the guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five condition of such corpOTation, and the condition, characteristics, and operations hundred dollars nor more than three thousand dollars, in the discretion of the court. of the railroad or railroads owned or controlled by such corporation, or the lessee ~ighteen SEC. 11.Tha;t ~acl~and every perso,n mO,re ~hantwe~ltyyears of age, belonging to or re.ceiver th81'eof, on the first of, JlUle of the yeaI' hundTed alld eighty, any famIly resldmg 111 any enumeratIOn dlstnct, and m case of the absence of the to WIt: The name of the corporatIOn or company, WIth the corporate names of all heads and other members of. any su.ch fa~~1ily,then any agent of such family, shall leased lines; the number of miles projected or authorized by lawaI' charter, with be, an~each of them hereby IS, reqmred, If thereto requested by the superintendent, the several terminal points of the same; the number of miles completed, exhibit ~tate; superVIsor, or enumera~orto render a t~'ue~ccountto ~hebest?f his OTher.knowledge, ing sepa!ately the length of lines within each the number of miles oper ~urmg of every person belOl~gmgto s,uch famIly, 111 the var~ouspartlculaTs reqmred by law, ated the last. complete fiscal year precedmg June first, eighteen hundred and ~Yh,oevershal~WIllfully fa!l or refuse shall be gmlty of a misdemeanor, and upon and eIghty; the capItal stock allowed by law or charter, and the amount paid COnVl:CtIOnthere?fshall fOTf81t and pay a sum not exceeding one hunched dollars. up; the amount of funded and of unfunded debt, with period of fmlded debt, And every pr~sIdent,trea~urer,secretary, general agent, 01' managing director of and rate of .interest thereon, and the amount of all sinking funds provided fOT every cOTpo~'atIOn~rom'vhJCh ans\:,ers to any of the schedules provided for by this the redemptIOn of such debts; the number of acres of land derived from public a~tare herem Teqmred,. who shall, If theTeto requested by the superintendent, super grants remainilig lU1s01dj the total cost of construrtion, of equipment, and of all VlSOl:or ~n,umerator,.WIllfully ~eglector refuse to give true and complete answers to permanent investments, including the cost of purchase of other lines of road and any mqmnes authorlzed by thIS act, such officer or agent shall forfeit and pay a sum of telegraph lines; the amount and character of rolling stock; the nUl11.ber not less than five hundred dollars, nor more than ten thousand dollaTs, to be recov- and class of employees; the receipts of such corporation 01' company for the last complete fiscal year preceding June first, eighteen hundred and eighty, exhibit- 940 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 941 ing separately the earnings from t~roughfreight, from local freight, from pas following exceptions, to wit: In cities where an official registration of deaths is main sengers, fro~expresses, and fr?~~aIls;the expenses of such corporation or com tained, the Superintendent of Census n:ay, in his discretion, withdraw the mortality pany for saId fisc,al yea~,exhlbItmg separately, the amount paid for salaries and schedule from the several enumerators within such cities, and may obtain the statis wages, for fuel, for !l3:tlOnal, state, and mumcipal taxes, for interest on bonds tics required by this act through official records, paying therefo"r such sum as may a?d other debts, for ~lvIde.nd~,for repairs, for damage to freight and personal inju be found necessary, not exceeding the amount which is by this act authorized to be nes; also, the o~eratIOnsof s~Idfi~calyear, including mileage of freight, of passenger, paid to enumerators for a similar service, namely, two cents for each death thus and of constructIOn and repaIr trams separately, the number of passenO'ers carried returned. ,Vhenever he shall deem it expedient, the Superintendent of Census may and the amount and class o~freight transported each way; also, the n{imber, char~ withdraw the schedules for manufacturing and social statistics from the enumerators act~r,and, so far as ascer!,all~ed,the ~auseof all casualties by which life was lost, I of the several subdivisions, and may charge the collection of these statistics upon wh.ICh occurred upon 0.1'Wlt~lllthe trams, the tracks, or the buildings of said corpo~ experts and special agents, to be employed 'without respect to locality. And said ratIOn, or company durlllg SaId fiscal year, and the extent of injury to life and limb "Ii Superintendent may employ experts and special agents to investigate in their eco ~'esultmgtherefrom; also the terms of all agreements and contracts by which sleep-, nomic relations the manufacturing, railroad, fishing, mining, and other industries of mg car~,palace. and 'parlo~cars, so called;, express cars, and cars of transportation the COlUltry, and the statistics of telegraph, express, transportation, and insurance comr ames, not Identlcal "vlth the corporatIOn or company making the return herein companies, as he may designate and require. And the Superintendent of Census Teqmred, are run upon such road or roads, and the extent of such service and the shall, with the approval of tl:e Secretary of the Interior, prepare schedules contain amount of all receipts ~herefromd~ringthe said fiscal year. The Superint~ndentof ing such interrogatories as shall, in his judgment, be best adapted to elicit this infor the O~nsusshall reqmre and 0 btam from the owners, proprietors, or managers of mation, with such specifications, divisions, and particulars under each head as he every mcorporat~dexp~'esscompany th~following facts to wit: Name of corporation shall deem necessary to that end. Such experts and special agents shall take the or company; capItal paId up; total capItal stock, and to what extent the same has same oath as the enumerators of the several subdivisions, and shall have equal bee!l w3:tere~,and how often cOI'l?-ershave been made on such watered stock; length authority with such enumerators in respect to the subjects committed to them, and of lInes III ~Iles;vyhether the busllless is conducteel by rail, vessel, or otherwise; total they shall receive compensation' at rates to be fixed by the Superintendent of Census amount paId to raIlroads or vessels for use of line or lines; number of officers num- with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior: Provided, That the same shall in ber of per~onsengaged in g~neraladministration; number of agents and mess~ngers; no case exceed six dollars per day and actual traveling expenses. _ total. receIpts, total expendItures, exhibiting separately amount paid for salaries, for SEC.19. The enumeration required by this act shall commence on the first Monday repairs, and for general expenses. He shall also in like manner require and obtain of June, and be taken as of that date, and each enumerator shall prosecute the can from the own~rs,proprietors, or ~anagersof every telegraph company, the follow: vass of his subdivision from that date forward on each week-day without intennis ~ngfacts to :WIt: ~ameof corporatI<;m or: co~pany;.termina~points connected; cap- sion, except for sickness or other urgent cause; and any unnecessary cessation of his Ital and capItal paId up; length of lllles III mIles; mIles of wue; number of officers' work shall be sufficient ground for his removal and the appointment of another per number of persons engaged in general administration; number of persons engaged a~ ~'r~son in his place; and any person so appointed shall take the oath required of enu telegraph operators; the number of messages transmitted by officers of the United ._ merators, and shall receive compensation at the same rates. And it shall be the States; .the numb~rof mes~agestransmitted for the press; the number of messages duty of each enumerator to complete the enumeration of his district, and to prepare transmItted for prIvate partl~s;total number of messag.es. transmitted; total receipts the returns hereinbefore required to be made, and to forward the same to the snper from messages; tot~lexpendIh:res of the company, exhibItlllg separately the amount visor of his district on or before the first day of July, eighteen hundred and eighty, expended for.salarIes, for. repaIrs, and for general expenses. He shall also, in like and in any city having over ten thousand inhabitants under the census of eighteen mar:ner, reqmre a!ld obtalll, fro~the officers or managers of all life-insurance com- hundred and seventy, the enumeration of population shall be taken within two pan.les, the followlllg facts, to WIt: Name of company; amount of capital and paid up weeks from the first Monday of June; and any delay beyond the dates above respec capItal; the number of persons employed in the general administration; the number tively, on the part of any enumerator, shall be sufficient cause for withholding the ~mployedas agents; the total ~rossassets of the company, exhibiting separately real compensation to which he would be entitled by compliance with the provisions of l~e~.asse~s,deferred and unP.aI?-.premiumR, and premium notes and loans; totallia- this act, until proof satisfactory to the Superintendent of Oensus shall be furnished bll~tlesof t:t:e company, e~~lbltlllgs~p:;tratelylosses. adjusted and unadjusted, losses t, that such delay was by reason of causes beyond the control of such enumerator. reSIsted, SCrIp and othe~dl~dends!dlVld~ndsto P?lIcy-holders not applied, reinsur- ( SEC. 20. The sum of three millions of dollars is hereby fixed and limited as the ance fund; all other claIms, lllcludlllg capItal; receIpts from cash premiums' receipts "':> maximum cost of the census herein provided for, exclusive of printing and engrav from. all othe~sour~e~;total cash expenqitures, exhibiting separately amount paid for I ing, and it shall not be lawful for the Secretary of the Interior or the Superintendent losses a~dcla.lms, dIv!dends to .stoc~holders,.dividends to policy-holders, commissions,. of Oensus to incur any expense or obligation whatever, in respect to said census, in officers salar,les, medICal examlllers fees, natIOnal, stateand localtaxation and all other excess of that sum. And the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for cash expendIt~res;amount and. character of deposits in each state to s~curepolicy- r printing and other preliminary expenses is hereby appropriated out of any money in hol<;1-ers;premmm-note e~p~~dlture~;.the nU~lbe:r:and amount of policies issued the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, which sum shall form part of the three durlllg the year; also exhlbItlllg polICIes termlllatlllg during the year the number millions fixed as the cost of the census. and amount terminated by deat:t:, .by.expiration, by surrender, by laps~,by change; I.) SEC. 21. The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized whenever he may total number an4 amount of polICIes m fQrce, an(l the amount of the premiums; the I think proper, to call upon any other department or officer of the government for am<;H:nt?f losses III cash and notes and the percentage of the loss to the total amount of E~ information pertinent to the enumeration herein required. polICIeS I~force; percentage of assets tc: ris~sin force. He shall in like manner, require SEC. 22. That if any state or territory, through its duly appointed officers or aI~dobtal11, from every fire and marIne lllsurance company, the following facts, to agents, shall, during the two months beginning on the first Monday of June of the WIt: Name of company; amount of capital stock' the amount paid Up' the nmnber year which is the mean between the decennial censuses of the United States is by of persons employed in general admi!lis~r~~ion;th~~~mberemployed ~sagents; the this act directed to be taken, take and complete a census in all respects according to gross ass~tsof company; th.e total lIabIlItIes, exhIbltl11g separately the amount of the schedules and forms of enunleration in the census of the United States and shall l?sse~adJus,ted, lo~sesunadJusted, losses resisted, reinsurance fund; all other liabili deposit with the Secretary of the Interior, on or before the first of Beptember follOlY tIes,.l11cludl~gcapItal; a~so,the total receipts, exhibiting separately fire premiums," ing, a full and authentic copy of all schedules returned and reports made by the ~a::ll1eand l11land premmms, and receipts from all other sources, including interest, '(I officers and agents charged with such enumeration, then the Secretary of the Treasury dIVIdends, and rents; also the total.expenditures, exhibiting separately the number ~-' shall, upon receiving a certificate from the Secretary of the Interior, that such sched and amount of fire losses, of manne and inland losses dividends commissions ules and reports have been duly deposited, pay, on the requisition of the governor of officers' s~laries,state, n~tional,a.nd municipal taxes, and all other 'expenses. H~ such state or territory, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, ~ayreqmre such other l11fOrmatlOn, as to the subjects of this section, as, in his a sum equal to fifty per centum of the amount which ,vas paid to all supervisors and Judgment, may be necessary to secure such returns as will exhibit the transactions actual enumerators within such state or territorv at the United States census next of said several companies. preceding, increased by one half the percentage of gain in population in such state or SEC. 18. Each enumerator in his subdivision shall be charO'ed with the collection territory between the two United States censuses next preceding: Pmvided: That the of the facts and statistics required by each and all the seve~alschedules, 'with the blank schedules used for the purposes of the enumeration 'herein provided for shall 942 HISTORY AND GRO"YVTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 943 be similar, in an respects of form and size of heading and ruling, to those used in the l persons by, him enumerated, he shal1 make known to the bystanders, if a~1Y.And census of the United States. the time given enumerators by said act to make return to supervisors IS hereby SEC. 23. The Superintendent of Census, with the consent of the President, may at l -~- extended fifte"'.n days. And each enumerator shall be paid for his services in cor any time, remove any supervisor of census, and lill any vacancy thereby caused or recting his schedule of inhabitants as required by this act a sum. to be :fixed by the otherwise occurring; and the supervisor of census may, with thE; consent of the Superintendent of Census, in no case to exceed two doIIars and fifty cents per clay. Superintendent of Census remove any enumerator in his district, and fill the vacancy And that the oath of office prescribed by section seven of said act be so amended as thereby caused or otherwise occurring; and in such cases but one compensation shall to authorize and require the making and filing the list of inhabitants as required by be allOlved for the entire service, to be apportioned among the persons performing this act. the same in the discretion of the Superintendent of Census. SEC'.7. That to pay the enumerators for the additional services' required by this SEC. 24. All laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are act the ~um of one hundred and twentv-five thousand dollars, or so much thereof hereby repealed; and all censuses subsequent to the tenth census shall be taken in as {Day benecessary, be, and the same 11ereby is, appropriated out of any money in accordance vvith the provisions of this act unless Congress shall hereafter otherwise the Treasury not othenvise app~opriated.. . provide. SEC. 8. Tlv; Superintendent of Census shan col1ect and publIsh the statIstIcs of the Approved, March 3, 1879. population, industries, resources of the district of.Alaska, with.. such ful1nes? a~he may deem expedient, and as he shal1 find practIcable u11der the appropnatIOns made, or to be made, for the expenses of the tenth census. AN ACT to amend an act entitled "An act to provide for taking the tenth and suooequent censuses," Approved, April 20, 1880. approved March third, eighteen hundred and seventy-nine. :) ACTS APPROVED MARCH 1, 1889; JANUARY 23, 1890; FEBRUARY 22, 1890; MARCH 19, 1890 Be it enacted by the Senate and Hm~seoj Representatives oj the United States of America (JOINT RESOLUTION); APRIL 3,1890; MAY 21,1890; AUGUST 14,1890; AND JULY 6,1892. in Congress assembled, That all mail matter of whatever class, relative to the census and addressed to the Census Office, to the Superintendent, his chief clerk, supervisors AN ACT to provide for taking the Eleventh fmc1 subsequent censuses. or enumerators, and indorsed, "Official business, Department of the Interior, Census Be it enacted by the Senate aneZ FIouse oj RepTesentcli~'/}esof the United 8.tates oj America Office," shall be transported free of postage; and if any person shall make use of any in Congress assembled, That a census of the populatIOn,. wealth, and mdustry?f the such indoreement to avoid the payment of postage on his private letter, package, or United States shall be taken as of the date of June first, eIghteen hundred and mnety. other matter in the mail, the person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misde SEC. 2. That there shall be established in the Department of the Interior an office meanc,r, and subject to a fine of three hundred dollars, to be prosecuted in any court to be denominated the Census Office, the chief officer of which shaII be called the of competent jurisdiction. Superintendent of Census, whose duty it sball be, under the direction of the bead of SEC. 2. That the seventeenth section of an act entitled "An act to provide for the the Department, to superintend and direct the taking of the Eleventh Census of the taking of the Tenth and subsequent censuses" be amended by striking out so much United States, in accordance '\vith the laws relating thereto, and to perform such thereof as provides that schedule one contain an inquiry as to the naturalization of other duties as may be required of him by la'\v. foreign-born persons, and that schedule four contain an inquiry relating to the owner SEC. 3. The Superintendent of Census shaII be appointed by the President, by and ship of the ]2ublic debt of the United States, by whom owned, and the respective with the advice and consent of the Senate; and he shall receIve an annual salary of amounts: Provided, That the Superintendent of the Census shall collect and collate, six thousand dollars; and for the purposes of taking the Eleventh Census of the as far as possible, by experts and agents and from officers of the Government, infor United States, the Secretary of the Interior may from time to time as the necessity mation in relation to the ownership of the public debt of the United States. therefor arises appoint a chief clerk and Ol1edisbursing clerk of the Census Office at SEC. 3. That section seventeen of the act aforesaid be so amended as to allow the an annual salary each of twenty-five hundr8d doIIars, two stenographers, ten chiefs report which the Superintendent of the Census is' required to obtain from railroad of division, at an annual salary each of t\vo thousand dollars, ten clerks of class four, corporations, incorporated express companies, telegraph companies, and insurance twenty clerks of class three, thirty clerks of class two, with such number of clerks . companies to be made for the fiscal year of the incorporation or company having its of class one, and of clerks, copyists, and computers, at salaries of not less than seven termination nearest to the first of June; eighteen hundred and eighty. hundred and twenty doUars nor more than one thousand dol1ars per annum, as Inay SEC. 4. That section nineteen of the aforesaid act shall be amended so as to require be found necessary for the proper and prompt compilation of the reseJ)ts of the enu the enumeration to commence upon the first day of June, eighteen hundred and meration of the census herein provided to be taken. And the Secretary of the Inte eighty, and further so as to require that the enumeration of population in cities rior may also appoint one captain of the watch at a salary of eight hundred and forty having over ten thousand inhabitants shall be taken within two weeks from the dol1ars per annum, two messengers and such number of watchmen and assistant first day of June, eighteen hundred and eighty. . messengers, laborers and skillecllaborers at six hundred dollars each per annum, SEC. 5. That section five of the act aforesaid shall be amended so as to allow that and messenger boys at salaries of four hundred dol1ars each per annum, and in case it shall occur in any enumeration district that no person qualified to perform charwomen at salaries of two hundred and forty dollars each per annum, as may be and willing to Ulldertake the duties of enumerator resides in that district, the super found necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. And upon such compilation visor may appoint any fit person, resident in· the county, to be the enumerator of and publication of said census, or at an earlier date, in the discretion of the Secre that district. .f tary of the Interior, the period of service of said clerks and employees shall end: SEC. 6. That section nine of the act aforesaid be, and the same hereby is, so Pmvided, That clerks transferred or detailed for service under this act from existing amended as to require each enumerator, immediately after completing the enumera branches of the civil service shaIInot lose their positions or rights uncleI' the act to tion of the population of his district and before forwarding the same to the super regulate and improve the civil service of the United States. All of the clerks of visor, to make and file in the office of the clerk of the county court or in the office classes four, three, and two, above provided for, may be statistical experts. The of the court or board administering the affairs of the county to which his district disbursing clerk herein provided for shaII, before entering upon his duties, give bond belongs a list of the names, with age, sex, and color, of all persons enumerated by to the Treasurer of the United States in the sum of fifty thousand doIIars, which him, which he shaII certify to be true, and for which he shall be paid at the rate of bond shall be conditioned that the said officer shaII render a true and faithful account ten cents for each one hundred names. He shall give notice by written advertise to the Treasurer, quarter-yearly, of 8)1 moneys and properties which shaII be by him ment at three or more public places in his district that he will be at the court house received bv virtue of bis office, with sureties to be approved by the Solicitor of the of said county on the fifth day after filing said list, not including Sunday, from nine Treasurv. " Such bond shall be :filed in the office of the First Comptroller of the o'clock ante meridian to six o'clock post meridian and the foIIowing day, for the Treasur}T, to be by him put in suit upon any brel;tch of the conditions thereof. All purpose of correcting his enumeration by striking out or adding the designation of examinations for appointment and promotion, under this act, shall be in the discre persons improperly enumerated or omitted; and on the days so designated be shal1, tion and under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior. in accordance with said notice, proceed to correct, on such reliable information as SEC. 4. That the Secretarv of the Interior shaII, on OJ; before the first day of March, he may obtain, aII omissions and mistakes in such enumeration, and to that end be eighteen hundred and ninety, on the recommendation of the Superintendent of Cen may swear and examine· witnesses, wbo shan testify subject to the pains and penal sus, designate the number, whether one or more, of Supervisors of census, to be ties of perjury. The result of such inquiry for correction and the whole number of appointed within each state and territory, and the District of Columbia, who shall HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 944 HISTORY AND GROWTH OJ!' THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 945 such indorsement to avoid the payment of postage on his private letter, package, or be appointed by the President of the United Stat~s,by and with the advic.e and c?n other matter in the mail, the person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a mis sent of the Senate. The number of such supervIsors shall not exceed one hund~ed and seventy-five. The Superintendent and the supervisors. shall, before .entermg demeanor, and subject to a fine of three hundred dollars, to be prosecuted in ariy court of competent jurisdiction. upon the duties of their offices, respect~vely,take and sub~cnbethe followmg oath or affirm.ation: I (Supermtendent or supervIsor, as the case may be), SEC. 8. No enumerator shall be deemed qualified to enter upon his duties until he ------has received from the supervisor of census of the district to which he belongs a do solemnly swe~ror affirm that I vvill support the Constituti?n of the United St~tes, perform discharge duties of office of (Supermtendent or supervIsor, commission, under his hand, authorizing him to perform the duties of an enU1:nera and and the the tor, and setting forth the boundaries of the subdivision within which such duties are as the case may be), according to law, honestly and correctly, to the be~tof my ability; which oaths shall be filed in the office of the Se.cretary of the . to be performed bv him. He shall, moreover, take and subscribe the following oath Intenor.. or affirmation: SEC. 5. Each supervisor of census shall be charged WIth the :rerformancez wlthm his own district, of the following du~i~s:To propose to t~eSu.rermtendent of qensus "I, ------, an enumerator for taking the -- census of the United States, the division of his district into subdIVISIOns most convel1len.t for the purpose of eI~U do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will make a true and exact enumeration of all meration; to designate to the Superintendent of Census sUItable persons, and, .wI~h the inhabitants within the subdivision assigned to me, and will also faithfully collect the consent of said Superintendent, to employ: such pers~nsas enun?-erators Wlthm all other statistics therein, as provided for in the act for taking the -- census, and his district, one for each subdivision,. and resI~enttherem,. who. s?all be select:d in conformity with all lawful instructions which I may receive, and will make due solely with reference to fitness, and WIthout reference. to then polItICal party a~lla and correct returns thereof as required by said act, and will not disclose any informa tions, according to the division approved by the Supermtend~ntof Census: P,:omded, tion contained in the schedules, lists, or statements obtained by me to any person or That in the appointment of enumerators, preference shall, I"?-.all cases be gIVen.to persons, except to my superior officers. properly qualified persons honorably disch3;rged.fro~nthe m~htary~rnaval servIge (Signed) -- --" of the United States residing in their respectl\,:edlStrICts; but m case .It .shall occur m any enumeration district that no .pers?n quah~e(~to perform a:ld Wlllmg to .under ·Which said oath or affirmation may be administered by any judge or clerk of a take the duties of enumerator ,resIdes m that dIstrIct, the supervls~r~ayappomtany court of record, or any justice of the peace, or notary public empowered to adn"lin fit person, resident in the county, to be the enume!ator of that dIstrICt; to trans~It ister oaths; which oath, duly authenticated, shall be forwarded to the supervisor of to enumerators the printed forms and schedule~~s~uedfrom the qensus Office, m census before the date fixed herein for the commencement of the enumeration. quantities suited to t?e requ~rementsof. eac~subdIVISI~)l1;to co~mul1l?ateto enumer SEC. 9. It shall be the duty of each enumerator, after being qualified in the manner ators the necessary mstructIOns and dIrectIOns. rela~mgto theIr dutIes, and to, tJ::e aforesaid, to visit personally each dwelling house in his subdivision, and each family methods of conducting the census, and to adVIse wIth. and counsel enumerators m therein, and each individual living out of a family in any place of abode, and by person and by letter, as freely and fully as may be reqUIred to secure the purp~s~sof inquiry made of the head of such family, or of the member thereof deemed most this act; and under the direction.of the Superinten?-ent of Census, and to fac~ht:;ttecredible and worthy of trust, or of such individual living out of a family, to obtain the takinO' of the census with as lIttle delay as possIble, he may cause to be dlstnb each and every item of information and all the particulars required by this act, as of uted by the enumerators, prior to the taking of the enumeration, schedules ~o.be date June first, eighteen hundred and ninety. And in case no person shall be found filled up by householders and others; to provide for the early and safe transmISSIOn at the usual place of abode of such family or individual living out of a familycom.pe to his office of the returns of enumerators, embracing all the schedules filled by them tent to answer the inquiries made in compliance with the requirements of this act, in the course of enumeration, and for the due receipt and ?ustody of SITC~returns then it shall be lawful for the enumerator to obtain the required information, as pending their transmis~ionto the Censu~Office; to examme and scrutmlze the nearly as may be practicable, from the family or families, or person or persons, living returns of enumerators m order to ascertam whether the work has been performed nearest to such place of abode. The Superintendent of Census may employ special in all respects in com~liancewith.th~provisions of ~aw,and whether a~y~own0.1' agents or other means to make an enumeration of all Indians living within the juris village or integral portIOn of the dIstrIct has been omItted from elll-:-me~atI~)l1,.to for diction of the United States, with such information as to their condition as may be ward to the Superintendent of Census the completed ret~rnsof hIS dIS~Tlctm such obtainable, classifying them as to Indians taxed, and Indians not taxed. time and manner as shall be prescribed by the said Supermtend~nt,.an~m the event SEC. 10: And it shall be the duty of each enumerator to forward the original of discrepancies or deficiencies appearing in the retu~nsfrom hIS dIStrIct, to use all schedules, duly certified, to the supervisor of census of his district, as Ius returns diligence in causing the same to be corrected or ~upphed;to ma~e.up and forward to under the provisions of this act. the Superintendent of Census the .a~countsr:qUIred for ascertamll1g the 3;mo~nt.of SEC. 11. The compensation of enumerators shall be ascertained and fixed as fol compensation due under the prOVISIOns of thIS act to each enumerator of hIS dISt!Ict. lows: In subdivisions, where the Superintendent of Census shall deem such allow -Whenever it shall appear that any portion of the enumeration t;Lnclcensus prOVIded ance sufficient, an allowance not exceeding two cents for each living inhabitant, two for 111 this act has been negligently or imprope~lytaken and IS by reason thereof cents for each death reported, fifteen cents for each farm, and twenty cents for each incomplete, the Superintendent of the Census, Wlt~the approval of tJ:e Secretary of establishment of productive industry enumerated and returned, and for each surviv the Interior, mav cause such incomplete and unsatIsfactory enu~er~tIOr:-and .census ing soldier, sailor, or marine, or widow of such soldier, sailor, or marine returned to be amended' or made anew under such methods as may, 111 hIS dIscretIOn, be five cents, may be given in full compensation for all services: Provided, That the subdivisions to which the above rate of compensation shall apply must be designated practicable. f • fl' d . t tl SEC. 6. Each supervisor of census shall, upon th.e completIOn o· us utres· 0 1e by the Superintendent of Census at least one month in advance of the enumeration. satisfaction of the Secretary of the Interiot, ~ecel"v:ethe sum of .on~hundred and Rates of compensation for all other subdivisions shall be fixed in advance of the twenty-five dollars, and in addition thereto, m thIckly-settled chSt~ICtS,one dollar enumeration by the Superintendent of Census, with the approval of the Secretary of for each thousand or majority fraction of.a tJ::ousand of the populatIOn enumerated the Interior, according to the difficulty of enumeration, having reference to the in his district, and in sparsely-settled dIstrIcts one dollar 3;nd forty cents f?r each nature of the region to be canvassed and the density or sparseness of settlement, or thousand or majority fraction of a thousand of the pop~latIOnenumerated m such other considerations pertinent thereto; but the compensation allowed to any enum district; such sums to be in full compensation for all serylces rendered and expens.es erator in anv such district shall not be less than three dollars nor more than six incurred by him, except that an allowance f.or clerk-hIr~may be ~ade,at the dI~ dollars per clay of ten hours actual field-work each, when a per diem compensation cretion of the Superintendent of Census: Pmmdr;d, That, m the aggregate, :10 supel shall be established by the Secretary of the Interior; nor more than three cents for visor shall be paid less than the su~of fi~!ehl~ndre~dollars. The deSIgnatIon of t:le each living inhabitant, twenty cents for each fann, and thirty cents for each estab compensation per thousand, as provlde~lmthIS sectI.on, shall be mad~by the Sec~e lishment of productive industry enumerated and returned, when a per capita com tarv of the Interior at least one month m advance of the date for the commencement pensation shall be deemed advisable by the Secretary of the Interior. No claim for of the enumeration. mileage or traveling expenses shall be allowed any enumerator in either class of sub SEC. 7. That all mail matter of whatever class, relative. to t~ecensus and ad~ressed!divisions, except in extreme cases, and then only when authority has beenlJreviously to the Census Office, to the Superintendent of Census, hIS chle~clerk, su:rervlsors or granted by the Superintendent of Census. The Superintendent of Census shall pre enumerators; and indorsed "Official business, ~~partl11entof the InterIor, Census scribe uniform methods and suitable forms for keeping accounts of the number of Office," shall be transported free of postage; and If any person shall make use of any S. Doc. 194--60 946 1;:IISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 947 people enumerated or of the time occupied in field-work for the l?ll;rpose of ?,scer with such fullness as he may deem expedient, and as he shall find practicableunder the taining the amounts due to enumerators, severally, under the provlslOns of thIS act, appropriations made, or to be made, for the expenses of the Eleventh Census. He sb,all SEC. 12. That the subdivision assigned to any enumer:=ttor shall not exceed four L also, at the time of the general enumeration herein provided for, or prior thereto as thousand inhabitants, as near as may be, accoTding to estlmates ~asedon t.h~T~n~h the Secretary of the Interior may determine, collect the statistics of and relating to the Censns. The boundaries of all subdivisions sh~llb~c,learly desc:lbed by CIVIldIVIS- recorded indebtedness of private corporations and individuals, and make repOTt ions, rivers, roads, public s~lrveys,or otheT easIly dlstm~UIshedImes, " there~=mto Cd'ngress; and he shall collect, from official sources, information ~'elating and,subscl'lbe~[ SEC, 13. That any superVIsor or emU11erator, who, havmg taken the to alllmals not on farms, The only volumes that shall be prepared and publIshed in oath requiTed by this act, shall, v,,:ithout justifiable:ause, neglect or ::efuse to perfOTl:1 connection with said census shall relate to population and social statistics relatinO' the duties enjoined on him by thIS act, or shall, WltJ:out the autl:lOnty of the SUpeI ( thereto, the products of manufactories, mining and agriculture, mortality and vital intendent, comnmnicate to any person not aut.ho~lzed~oreCeIve the same, :;tn~) statistics, valuation and public indebtedness, recorded indebtedness, and to statistics infOl'mation gained by him in the performance of hIS dUtles, shall }Je deemed gmlt) relating to railroad corporations, incorporated express, telegraph and insurance com of a n1.isdemeanor and upon conviction shall be finec1 not exceedmg five hundred r, panies, a list of the names, organizations, and length of service of surviving soldiers dollars; or, if he shall willfully and k~10:vinglysw~aror affirm f:=tlsely, he sha:l be /' sailors and marines, and the widows of soldiers, sailors and marines. ' deemed O'uilty of perjury and on conVlCtIOn thereof, shall be ImpYlsonedl~otexceed SEC. 18. That each enumeratOT in his subdivision shall be charged with the collec ing thre~years, and be fined not exceedi~geight hun~r:d,dollars; or 1£ ~eshall tion of the facts and statistics required by each and all the several schedules, with willfully and knowingly make false ceTtlficates ,or. fictItIO~lSTetUTl1S,he shall be the following exceptions, to wit: In cities or states where an official registration of deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conVIctIOn of eIther of ~hel~st-named deaths is maintained, the Superintendent of Census may, in his discretion, withhold offenses, he shall be fined not exceeding five thousand dollars and be 11l1prlSOnednot the mortality schedule from the several enumerators within such cities or states, and e:x:ceeding two years. , . T' d may obtain the statistics required by this act through official records, paying there SEC. 14. That if any person shall reCeIve or. secUTe to hImself an} fee, rewaI': or for such sum as may be found necessary, not exceeding the amount which is by this compensation as a consideration for the appomtmen~or employme~tof any person act authorized to be paid to enumerators for a similiar service, namely, two cents for as enumerator or clerk or other employee, or shall m any way reCeIve o~secu!e to each death thus returned. \¥henever he shall deem. it expedient, the Superintendent himself any part of the compensation provided in this act f~rthe serV:lCes of any of Census may withhold the schedules for manufacturing, mining, and social statistics enlU11.erator or clerk or otber employee, he shall be deemed gUIlty of a mISdemea~10r from the enumerators of the several subdivisions, and may charge the collection of and on conviction thereof, shall be fined not.more tJ:::an tJ:::ree t~ousanddollars, Ol be these statistics upon experts and special agents, to be employed without respect to imprisoned not mOTe than one year or both, m the dIScretlon of the court. , locality. And said Superintendent may employ experts and special agents to investi~ SEC. 15. That each and every perso~1mo!e t.han twenty: y:e~Tsof ag~,belongll~gto gate and ascertain the statistics of the manufacturing, railroad, fishing, mining, cattle, any familv residing in any enumeratIOn dlstnct or subd.IVlsIOn, and m case of ~he and other industries of the country, and of telegraph, express, transportation, and absence of the heads and other members of any sucJ: famIIJ:", the~1any representatlve insurance companies as he may designate and require. of such family shall be, and each of them hereby IS, reqmred, If thereto requested t And the Superintendent of Census shall, with the approval of the Secretary of by the Superintendent, supervisor, or enumerator to render a tn~ea:count to. the the Interior, prepare schedules containing such interrogatories as shall, in his judg best of his or her knowledge of every person belonging to such famIly, m the vaYl~:ms ment, be best adapted to elicit this information, with such specifications, divisions, particulars required by law, 'and whoever shall willfully fail ~rrefuse shall be gm.lty and particulars under each head as he shall deem necessary to that end. Such of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction ~hereofshall be fined m a sum not exceedlllg f experts and special agents shall take the same oath as the enumerators of the several one hundred dollars. f subdivisions, and shall have equal authority with such enumerators in respect to the And every president, treasurer, secretary, agent, director, 0.1' other officer,o every subjects committed to them, and they shall receive compensation at rates to be fixed corporation'from which answers to any of the schedules provI1ed for by thIS ac~ar: by the Superintendent of Census with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior: herein required who shall if thereto requested by the Supermtendent, supervISOl, f Provided, That the same shall in no case exceed six dollars per day and actual neces or enumerator, ~villfullyn~glector refuse to .give tru~and co~pletea~swersto any sary traveling expenses. inquiries authorized by this act, or shall WIllfully gIVe false lllformatIOn, s~allbe SEC. 19. That the enumeration required by this act shall commence on the first guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be fined ~otexceedmg ~en Monday of June, eighteen hundred and ninety, and be taken as of that date, and thousand dollars, to which may be added imprisonment for a perIOd not exceedlllg 1 each enumerator shall prosecute the canvass of his subdivision from that date for one year. . b f db' d' t ward on each week-day without intermission, except for sickness or other urgent SEC. 16. That all fines and penalties imposed ~ytJ;llS.ac~may e en orce y m IC - cause; and any unnecessary cessation of his work shall be sufficient ground for his ment or information in any court of competent JUdlsdlCtIOn. removal and the appointment of another person in his place; and any person so SEC. 17. That the schedules of inquiries at the Eleventh Cen~usshall be th: same as appointed shall take the oath required of enumerators, and shall receive compensa those contained in section number twenty-two hundred and.sIx of the ReVIsed Stat tion at the same rates. And it shall be the duty of each enumerator to complete the utes of the United States, of eighteen hundred and. seventY-81~ht,as amended by sec enumeration of his district, and to prepare the returns hereinbefore required to be tion seventeen of the act entitled "An .act t? prOVIde for taklllg the Tenth .and s~fh made, and to forward the same to the supervisor of his district on or before the first sequent censuses," approved March tl;nrd, ~Ighteenhun~red!,Ll1dseventy-nllle, Vi 1 day of July, eighteen hundred and ninety, and in any city having over ten thousand such changesof the subject matter, em~ndatIOns,andmodlfic~tIOns:;tsmay b.eapprov~~ inhabitants under the census of eighteen hm1dred and eighty, the enumeration of b the Secretary of the Interior; it being the intent of thIS sec~lOn~~g~veto ,sm population shall be taken within two weeks from the first Monday of June; and any S~cretarvfull discretion over the form of the schedules o~such lllqUlnes. Prw/,ded, delay beyond the dates above respectively, on the part of any enumerator, shall be however, 'That said Superintendent shall, under the .aut~oYltyof t~eSecretary of the sufficient cause for withholding the compensation to which he would be entitled by Interior cause to be taken on a special schedule of mqmry, acc,?rdll1g to such for ad compliance with the provisions of this act, until proof satisfactory to the Superin he may 'prescribe the names organizations, and length of serVlCe of those whoha tendent of Census shall be furnished that such delay was by reason of causes beyond served in the Al'l~y,Navy, o~Marine Co~psof th~U:nite~States in th~war of the the control of such enumerator. rebellion, and who are survivors at the tune of saIdll1q~llry,and the wId~wsof sol~ SEC. 20. That the sum of six million four hundred thousand dolla'rs is herebyfixed diers, sailors or marines: And provided, That the populatlOn schedule shallll1clude an and limited as the maximmll cost of the census herein provided for, exclusive of inquiry as to the number of negroes, mulattoes, quadroons, and octoroon~.The. report printing, engraving, and binding, and it shall not be lawful for the Secretary of the which the Superintendento~Cen.sus (if directed by said Secr~tary)IS reqmred t~ Interior or the Superintendent of Census to incur any expense or obligation whatever, obtain from railroad corporatIOns, mcorporated expr~sscompallle~,telegrap~campa in respect to said census, in excess of that sum; and the sum of one million dollars nies, and insurance companies, and from all corporatlOns or establIshments leportll1g is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropri products other than agricultural pr~duc~s,shall pe~fand for the fiscal year of such ated, to be immediately available, and continue available until the completion of the corporations or establishments havll1g It~termll1atlOn nearest to the first of J une~ Eleventh Census. eighteen hundred and ninety; .the .Supen~ltendentof Census shall ~ol.~ectand pub SEC. 21. That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorIzed whenever he may lish the statistics of the populatIOn, ll1dustnes, and resources of the dlstnct of Alaska, think proper, to call upon any other Department or office of the Government, for information pertinent to the enumeration herein required, 948 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GRO"VTH OJ!' THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. 949 SEC 22. Any supervisor of census may, with the consent of the Super~tendent~ special agents in Alaska, in addition to their salaries, a per diem allowance to cover Cens~s,remove any enumerator in his district, and fill the -yacanh~lttereRY?a~fe all expenses of Bubsistence and transportation, not to exceed seven dollars per diem, or otherwise occurring' and in such cases but one compensatlOn.s a e a o~,e or Approved, March 19, 1890. the entire service, to b~apportioned among the persons performrng the same rn the discretion of the Superrntendent of Census. " ' b mun~CIpalm~a:nrn~'h li~~~'e~ SEC. 23, That upon the request of any govern:o;tent, AK ACT. to amend an act entitled "An act to provide for taking the Eleventh and SUbsequent the incorporated government of any town, VIllage, t<;>wnshIp, or CIty, 0 t 7'th censuses," approved March first, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine. unicipality the Superintendent of Census shall furmsh such governmen \\ 1 a Be it enacted by the Senate and Ho'Use oj Rep1'esentatives oj the United States oj A meTicCl :: of the ~ames,with age, sex, birthplace and color, or ~a,ce,?f all persons e~u in CongTess assembled, That section eighteen of an act entitled "An act to provide for m~~tedwithin the territory i~~hejurisdiction of such munIcIpalIty, an~~uchc~~Pfes taking the Eleventh and subsequent censuses," approved March first, eighteen h uu shall be paid'£or by such munICIpal government at the rate of t:wenty- \ e ~eC::;or dred and eighty-nine, be amended by adding to the last line of said section eighteen. each one hundred names, and all SunlS so received byfthhe ~ufe~rntetdlln~~ecten:;Jafter the words "and actual necessary traveling expenses," the words' 'and a per diem h 11b nted for in such way as the Secretary a ten enol'S a , " ~o~ere1i~~~~heTreasury of the 'United States to ,be placed to the credIt of, and rn allowance in lieu of subsistence of three dollars per day." 3, to the appropriation herein made for takrng the, Eleventh Cen~us, Approved, April 1890. dd'r f a S~~o24That the Secretary of the Interior may authOrIze the expendItur~dn~t1 ' u~sfor the traveling expenses of the officers and employees conne,c e WI ~h~a~~:ingof the census, and the incidental expense~essentia~to, the tcryrn~/ut:J AN ACT authorizing the registration of census mail matter. hi act includinO' the rental of convenient quarters rn the DIstrICt a a un:: Ia a ih:fur~ishinO'th~reof,and an outfit for printing small. blanks, tally-s.,heets, cIrcflar~ Be it enacted by the Senat~and ~Houseof Representatives oj the Um'ted8tates oj AmeTica and so forth, cand shall from time to time make a detaIled report to Congress 0 sue in Congress assembled, That all mail matter, of whatever class, relative to the census and addressed to the Oensus Office, to the Superintendent of Census, his chief clerk, ex@e~dJ~ur~~atthe act entitled "An act to provide for the taking of the Tenth ~nd supervisors, or enumerators, and indorsed "Official business, Departmeilt of the E, . "roved March third eighteen hundred and seventy-mne, Interior, Oensus Office, Registered," shall be transported free by registered luail; :~s:[~l:-~sc:~du;:~'ts~ffawsinconsistent with the proviseions of t~sltC~ar~t~~~~ and if any person shall make use of any such mark of registration to avoid the pay . 1 d' d all censuses subsequent to the Eleventh ensus s a ea. ment of any registry fee on his private letter, package, or other matter in the mail, ~~~~~d~n'c:~iththe provisions of this act, unless Congress shall hereafter otherWIse the person so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and subjectto a fine rirovide. of three hundred dollars, to be prosecuted in any court of competent jurisdiction. .l: Approved, March 1, 1889. Approved, May 21,1890. AK ACT amendatory of the act entitled "An act to provide for taking the Eleventh and subsequent censuses.', Be it enacted by the Senate and J-Iouse oj Representatives oj the United States oj A1nB'J'ica in Congress assembled, That section seventeen of said act be so amended that the Super intendent of the Census shall require and obtain from the owners, proprietors or managers of every unincorporated express company, the same class of facts which by said section he is now obliged to require and obtain from the owners, proprietors or managers of every incorporated express company; and, further, That section fifteen of the act entitled "An act to provide for taking the Eleventh and subsequent censuses" shall be so amended that the penalties provided for in said section shall apply in case the president, treasuter, secretary, agent or director, of an unincorporated express company shall willfully neglect or refuse to give true and complete answers to any iliquiries authorized by the said act, if thereto requested by the Superintendent of the Census. Approved, August 14,1890. AN ACrr amendatory of an act entitled "An act to provide for the taking of the Eleventh Census." Be it enacted by the Senate and ~Ho'Useoj Representatives oj the United States of Amerrica in Congress assembled, That sections fifteen and seventeen of the act entitled "An act to provide for taking of the Eleventh and subsequent censuses," approved March first, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, be, and the same are hereby, amended so that the Superintendent of Census shall be required to obtain from every incorporated and unincorporated company, firm, association, or person engaged in any productive industry the information called for and specified in the general and special schedules heretofore approved or to be hereafter approved by the Secretary of the Interior. And every president, treasurer, secretarY,agent, director, or other officer of every corporation engaged in such productive industry, and every person, firm, manager, or agent of unincorporated companies, and membArs of firms, associations, or indiITid uals likewise engaged in such productive industry, from which or whom answers to JOINT RESOLUTION providing for taking the census in Alaska. any of the inquiries contained in the said schedules are herein required, who shall, if thereto requested by the Superintendent of Oensus, supervisor, enumerator, or Resolved by the Senate and ~HouseSf RePITes~ntcfticS~~ti:h~~~~~:t~~~h~~i~en{~'~c~;;special agent, or each or any of them, willfully neglect or refuse to give true and com- CongTess assembled, That the Supermtenc en 0 ,ens" . 950 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THJ!j UNITED STATES CENSUS. 951 plete answers to any inquiry or inquiries contained in the said schedules or f tures; to religious bodies; to electric light and power, telephone and telegraph busi- the Census, and any vacancy thus caused or otherwise occurring during the progress ness; to transportation by water, express business, and street milways; to mines, of the enumeration may be filled by the Director of the Census. ' mining and minerals, and the production and value thereof, including gold, in divi- SEC. 11. That each supervisor of census shall, upon the completion of his duties to sions of placer and vein, and silver mines, and the number of men employed, the the satisfaction of the Director of the Census, receive the sum of one hundred and avemge daily wage, average working time and aggregate earnings in the various tvventy-five dollars, and in addition thereto, in thickly settled districts, one dollar for branches and aforesaid divisions of the mining industry: Provided, That the reports each thousand or majority fraction of a thousand of the population enumerated in herein authorized relating to mines, mining, and minerals shall be published on or such district, and in sparsely settled districts one dollar and forty cents for each before July firi"t, almo Domini nineteen hundred and three. And the Director of thousand or majority fraction of a thousand of the population enumerated in such the Census shall prepare schedules containing such interrogatories as shall in his district; such sums to be in full compensation for all services rendered and expenses judgment be best adapted to elicit the information required under these subjects, incurred by him, except that in serions emergencies arising during the progress of 'Yvith such specifications, divisions, and particulars under each head as he shall deem the enumeration in his district, or in connection with the reenumeration of any sub necessary to that end. For the purpose of securing the statistics required by this division, he may, in the discretion of the Director of the Census, be allowed actual section, the Director of the Census may appoint special agents when necessary, and and necessary traveling expenses and an allo'wance in lieu of subsistence not exceed such special agents shall receive compensation as hereinafter provided. The sta- ing three dollars per day during his necessary absence from his usual place of resi tistics of deaths and births provided for in this section shall be obtained from, and dence, and that an appropriate allowance for clerk hire may be made when deemed restricted to, the registration records of such states and municipalities as possess necessary by the Director of the Census: Provided, That in the aggregate no s1;tpervisor records affording satisfactory data in necessary detail, in the discretion of the Director, shall be paid less than the snm of one thousand dollars. The designation of the the compensation for the transcription of 'which shall not exceed two cents for each compensation per thousand, as provided in this section, shall be made by the Director birth or death reported. The statistics of special classes, and of crime, pauperism, of the Census at least one month in advance of the date fixed for the commencement and benevolence specified in this section shall be restricted to institutions contain of the enumeration. ing such classes: Provided, That at the time of the census enumemtion the datarelat SEC. 12. That each enumerator shall be charged with the collection, in his sub ing to these classes may, in the discretion of the Director of the Census, be collected division, of facts and statistics required by the population schedule, and such other by the enumerat9rs of such institutions, who shall receive compensation therefor at schedules as the Director of the Census may determine shall be used by him in con rates not exceeding, in per capita districts, five cents for each name enumemted and nection with the census, as provided in section seven of this act. It shall be the returned. The collection of statistics authorized bv this section shall be made at duty of each enumerator to visit personally each dwelling house in his subdivision, such time or times and in such manner as 'Yvillnot interfere with nor delay the rapid and each family therein, and each individual living out of a family in any place of completion of the census reports provided for in section seven of this act, and all abode, and by inquiry made of the head of each family, or of the member thereof reports prepared under the provisions of this section shall be designated as " Special deemed most credible and worthy of trust, or of such individual liying out of a Reports of the Census Office." family, to obtain each and every item of information and all particulars required by SEC. 9. That the Director of the Census shall, at least six months prior to the date this act as of date June first of the year in which the enumeration shall be made. fixed for commencing the enumeration at the Twelfth and each succeeding decennial And in case no person shall be found at the' usual place of abode of such family, or census, designate the number, whether one or more, of supervisors of census to be individual living out of a family, competent to answer the inquiries made in compli appointed within each state and territory, the District of Columbifl" Alaska, and ance with the requirements of this act, then it shall be lawful for the enumerator to the Hawaiian Islands, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the .obtain the required information, as nearly as may be practicable, from the family or advice and consent of the Senate: PTovided,'That the whole number of such super families or person or persons living nearest to such place of abode; and it shall be visors shall not exceed three hundred: And provided further, That wherever practi- the duty of each enumerator to forward the original schedules, duly certified, to the cable and desirable the boundaries of the supervisors' districts shall conform to the supervisor of census of his district as his returns under the provisions of this act; boundaries of Congressional districts. and in the event of discrepancies or deficiencies being discovered in his said returns SEC. 10. That each supervisor of census shall be charged with the performance, \ he shall use all diligence in correcting or supplying the same. In case the subdivi within his own district, of the following duties: To consult with the Director of the ( sion assigned to any enumerator embraces all or any part of any incorporated Census in regard to the division of his district into subdivisions most convenient for \\) borough, village, town, or city, and also other territory not included within the the purpose of the enumeration, which subdivisions shall be declared and the bounda- ;:-, limits of such incorporated borough, village, town, or city, or either, it shall be the ries thereof fixed by the Director of the Census; to designate to the Director suitable I, . duty of the enumerator of such subdivision to clearly and plainly distinguish and persons, and, with the consent of said Director, to employ such persons as enumer- separate, upon the population schedules, the inhabitants of all or any part of such ators within his district, one or more for each subdivision and resident therein; but borough, village, town, or city, as may be embraced in the subdivision assigned to in case it shall occur in any enumeration district that no person qualified to perform " such enumerator, from the inhabitants of the territory not included therein. No and willing to undertake the duties of enumerator resides in that subdivision the '(' enumerator shall be deemed qualified to enter upon his duties until he has received supervisor may employ any fit person to be the enumerator of that subdivision; to from the supervisor of certsus of the district to which he belongs a commission, under communicate to enumerators the necessary instructions and directions relating to I his hand, authorizing him to perform the duties of an enumerator, and setting forth their duties; to ex~mineand scrutinize, the returns of the enumerators, and in event ,'\ the boundaries of the subdivision within which such duties are to be performed by of discrepancies or deficiencies appearing in the returns for his district, to use all " him. diligence in causing the same to be corrected and supplied; to forward to the Director • SEC. 13. That the subdivision assigned to any enumerator shall not exceed four of the C'ensus the completed returns for his district in such time and manner as shall thousand inhabitants as near as may be, according to estimates based on the preced be prescribed by the said Director, and to make up and forward to the Director the ing census or other reliable information, and the boundaries of all subdivisions shall accounts required for ascertaining the amount of compensation due to each enumer- I~ be clearly described by civil divisions, rivers, roads, public surveys, or other easilv ator in his district, which accounts shall be duly sworn to by the enumerator, and the f distinguished lines: PTov'ided, That enumerators may be assigned for the special same shall be certified as true and correct, if so found, by the supervisor, and said enumeration of institutions, when desirable, without reference to the number of accounts so sworn to and certified shall be accepted by the said Director, and pay- l' inmates, ment shall be made thereon by draft in favor of each enumerator. The duties SEC. 14. That any supervisor of census may, with the approval of the Director of imposed upon the supervisor by this act shall be performed, in any and all particu- \ the Census, remove any enumerator in his district and fill the vacancy thus caused lars, in accordance with the instructions and directions of the Director of the Census: I or otherwise occurring. Whenever it shall appear that any portion of the enumera Pmvided, That if the supervisor of any district has not been appointed and qualified . tion and census provided for in this act has been negligentlv or improperly taken, OIl the ninetieth day preceding the date fixed for the commencement of the enumer- and is by reason thereof incomplete or erroneous, the Director of the Census may cause such incomplete and unsatisfactory enumeration and census to be amended or ation, the Director of the Census may appoint a special agent, who shall be a resi- {:,...•...; dent of the same district, to perform the work of subdivision into enumeration dis- . made anew under such methods as may, in his discretion, be practicable. tricts: And proVl:decl, That any supervisor who may abandon, neglect, or improperly SEC. 15. That the Director of the Census may authorize and direct supervisors of perform the duties required of him by this act may be removed by the Director of census to employ interpreters to assist the enumerators of their respective districts in ~ 954 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS, 955 the enumeration of persons not speaking the English language. The compensatiorl' three years and be fined not exceeding eight hundred do11ars; or if he shall wi~lfu11y of such interpreters shall be :fixed Director of Census in advance, and by the the and kllowingly make a false ce.rti;ficate, 0,1'a fictitious return, he shall be gtultyof shall not exceed four dollars per day for each day actually and necessarily employed. I offens~s ,~ a misdemeanor, and upon convlCtIOn of 81ther of the fast-named he shall be SEC.16. That the compensatiDn of the enumerators shall be ascertained and :fixed fined not exceeding five thousand dollars and be impnsoned not exc,eedmg two years. bv the Director of the Census as fo1101vs: In subdivisions where he shall deem such SEC. 22. That each and every person. mor~t~antwentJ: ~e~rsof ag~belongm.g to allovvance sufficient, an allowance of not less than two nor more than three cents for [ any family residing in any enumeratIOn dlstnct or sub~rVlsIOn,and m case of ~he each living inhabitant and for each death reported; not less than :fifteen nor more than absence of the heads and other members of any such famIly, then any representatIVe twenty CeJlts for each farm; and not less than twenty nor more than thirty cents for y, of such family, shall be, and each of them hereby is, required, if thereto requested each establishment of productive industry enumerated and returned may be given by the Director, supervisor, or enumerator, to, render a true a;CCo~Ult,to th.e best of in full compensation for all services. For all other subdivisions per diem rates shall ( his or her knowledge, of every person b~longmg~osuch ~aIllllym the vanons par be :fixed by the Director of the Census according to the difficulty of 'enumeration, ticulars required, and wh08\~ershan WIllfully fall or r.e~lseto render such true having reference to the nature of the region to be canvassed and the density or I account shall be guilty of a mIsdemeanor, and upon convlCtIOl~thereof shall be fined sparseness of settlement, or other considerations pertinent thereto; but the compen in a sum not exceedinO' one hundred dollars. And every preSIdent, treasurer, secre sation allowed to any enumerator in any such district shall not be less than three tary, director, agent, grother officer of every corporation, and ever~e~tabh~lm;:u:~mt dollars nor more than six dollars pel' day of ten hours' actual :field work each. The of productive ind~stry,~h~t~ercon"ducted ~fa corporate body, ~llll1tedlIabIlIty subdivisions to which the several rates of compensation shall apply shall be desig I' company, or by pnvate mdlvIduals., from 'yhlCh answers .to any of th~sched~les, nated bv the Director of the Census at least t,YO weeks in advance of the enumera inquiries, or statistical interrogatones proylded for by t~:nsact are herem reqUlr~d, tion. Na claim for mileage or traveling expenses shall be allowed any enumerator who shaU, if thereto requested by the Dll'8ctor, superVIsor, enumerator, o~"sp<:c~al in either class of subdivisions, except in extreme cases, and then only when authority r l agent, willfully neglect or refuse t? give tr~leand c~mplete~nswersto any lpqmnes has been previously granted by the Director of the Census, and the decision of the authorized by this act, or shall WIllfully gIVe false mformatIOn, sh3:11 be gUIlty of a Director as to the amount due any enumerator shall be final. I misdemeanor, and upon convicti.on tl~ereofshall be fine~not exceedmg: ten thousand SEC. " 17. That the special agents appointed under the provisions of this act shall dollars to which may be added lmpnsonment for a perIOd not exceedlllg on~y~ar. have equal authority with the enumerators in respect to the subjects committed to SEC. 23.That all fines and penalties imposed by this act may be enforced by mdICt- them under this act, and shall receive compensation at rates to he fixed by the ment or information in any court of competent jurisdic~ion., Director of the Census: Provided, That the same shall in no case exceed six dollars SEC. 24. That the Director of the Census may authonze the expendIture of neces actual necessary traveling expenses allowance lieu of sub t per day and and an in sary sums for the traveling expenses of the officers ~ndemploye~sof the Censu~Office sistence not exceeding three dollars per day during their necessary absence from ( and the incidental expenses essential to the carrYlllg out of. tIns act, as ~erel1lpl:O their usual place of residence: And provided further, That no payor allowance in lieu vided for, and not otherwise, including the rental of su~cIentquarters m th,e l?lS of subsistence shall be allowed special agents when employed in the Census Office ( trict of Columbia and the furnishing thereof and the mamtenance of the pnntmg on other than the special work committed to them, and no appointments of special outfit in the Census Office. ,. agents shall be made for clerical work. " SEC. 25. That the Director of the Census is hereby authorized to print and bmd III SEC. 18. supervisor, supervisor's clerk, enumerator, interpreter, special That no or the Census Office such blanks, circulars, envelope~,and otJ:er items a~may be neces agent shall enter upon his duties until he has taken and subscribed to an oath or sary; and to print, publish, and distribute fron:: tIm~to tl:~nepulletms ,and repor~s affirmation, to be prescribed by the Director of the Census; and no supervisor, ( of the preliminary and other results of the vanous lllvestlgatlOns reqUIred by thIS supervisor's clerk, enumerator, Dr special agent shall be accompanied by or assisted act. in the performance of his duties by any person not duly appointed as an officer or SEC, 26. That in case the Director of the Census deems it expedient he may con employee of the Census Office, and to whom an oath or affirmation has not been tract for the use of electrical or mechanical devices for tabulating purposes: Provided, duly administered. All appointees and employees provided for in this act shall be That in such case due notice shall be given to the public, and no system of tabula appointed or employed, and if examined, so examined, as the case may be, solely r tion shall be adopted until after a practical test of its merits in competition with other with reference to their fitness to perform the duties herein pTOvided to be by such systems which may be offered. . employee or appointee performed, and without reference to their political party SEC. 27. That all mail matter, of whatever class, relatrve to the census and addressed affiliations. i to the Census Office the Director of the Census, Assistant Director, chief clerk, super SEC. 19. That the enumeration of the population required by this act shall com visors, enumerators,' or special agents, and indorsed" Official business, Depa~tment mence on the :first day of June, nineteen hundred, and on the first day of June of of the Interior, Census Office," shall be transmitted free of postage, and by regIstered the year in which each succeeding enumeration shall be made, and be taken as of mail if necessary, and so marked: P1'0vided, That ifan~person shall ~nakeuse of ,such that date. And it shall be the dutv of each enumerator to complete the enumera J indorsement to avoid the payment of pos.tage or regIStry fee on ?IS or her prn:ate tion of his district and to prepare the returns hereinbefore required to be made, and letter, package, or other matter in the mall, the person so offendmg shall be gUll~y 'to fonvard the same to the supervisor of census of his district, on or before the first of a misdemeanor and subject to a fine of three hundred dollars, to be prosecuted III day of July in such year: Provided, That in any city having eight thousand inhabit any court of competent jurisdiction. ants or more under the preceding censu,s the enumeration of the population shall be i SEC. 28. That the Secretary of the Interior, on request of the Director of the Cen ~::, taken and completed within two weeks ifrom the first day of June as aforesaid. sus, is hereby autI;.orized ~ocall upon any other ~epartl~lentor office of the Govern SEC. 20. That if any person shall receive or secure to himself any fee, reward, or ment for informatIOn pertment to the wo:rk herem prOVIded for. compensation as a consideration for the appointment or employment of any person SEC. 29. That such records, books, and files as relate to precedin£,' censuses, and the as enumerator or clerk or other employee, or shall in any way receive or secure to printing-office out:fit used in the Eleventh Census, and such furmture .and prope~"ty himself any part of the compensation provided in this act for the services of any I of whatever nature used at the Eleventh Census as may be necessary III conductlng enumerator or clerk or other employee, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, the work of the Census Office and can be spared from present uses, shall be trans and on conviction thereof shall be fined not more than three thousand dollars, or be t ferred to the custody and control of the Census Office created by this act. The said imprisoned not more than one year, or both, in the discretion of the court. furniture and property shall be inventoried by the proper officers. of the Department SEC. 21. That any supervisor, supervisor's clerk, enumerator, interpreter, special of such transfer is made, a copy of filed .1 the Interior when and the mventory and agent or other employee, who, having taken and subscribed the oath of office requir.ed preserved in the office of the Secretary of the Interior and of the Director of the by this act, shall, without justifiable cause, neglect or refuse to perform the dutIes Census. enjoined on him by this act, or shall, without the authority of the Director of the SEC. 30. That upon the request of the governor of any state or territory, or ~he Ce:nsus, communicate to any person not authorized to receive the same any ~nformai chief officer of any municipal government, the Director of the Census sl:al1 furmsh tion gained by him in the performance of his duties, shall be deemed gUIlty of a such governor or municipal officer with a copy of so much of th,e populatIOn ret~ll"nS misdemeanor; and upon conviction shall be :fined not exceeding· five hundred dol as will show the names with the age, sex, color, or race, and bIrthplace only of all lars; or if he shall willfully and knowingly swear or affirm falsely, he shall be deemed persons enumerated within the ter~"itoryin the jurisdiction of such governn~ent,upon guilty of perjury, and upon conviction thereof shall be imprisoned not exceeding I payment of the actual cost of makmg such caples; and the amounts so receIved shall 956 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. i: ~gJu~~~~~tot~heTreasru:Yt?f the Udnited States, to be placed to the credit of and . ,e aP1?ropna IOns ma e for taking the census. ' SEC. 31.. ~hatthe DIre.ctor of the Census shall provide the Census Office with seal c~ntml1lI!gsuch devIce as he may sdect, and he shall fil ad' t·· f h seal 'wIth a;n ~mpressionthereof in t?e office of the Secretar; of ~~~~~~IS~~hs~~l sh~1·1re~lalllIdnthe cus~odyof the Dl1'ector of the Census, and shall be affixed to all cer 1 ca.es an attestatIOns th.at I~aybe required from the Census Office. [ SEC. 32. That for the orgamzatlOn and equipment of the Census Office to'f ~; the pr~1.arat~r)1work necessary to carry out the provisions of this act thl:~~r~( ApPENDIX F. aV~Ilable one mI IOn a aI's, to .be on the passage of this act, is heret a 1'0 ri- ) :~~~iab¥:~~~~~~~:fe~nt~efrr~Jsurynot.otflerwise appropriated, and fa ldriti~ue b th D' .. sm apprOprIatIOn such amount as may be considered REFERENCES TO THE UNITED STATES CENSUS IN PRESIDENTS! n:ra.be Irectgrdof tdhe Censu.s to. be necessary for immediate preliminary printing l MESSAGES. y e e;x:pen e un er the chrectlOn of the Public Printer And the SecretaI' of t~eIntenor shall subm~tto th~Secretary of the Treasury, Ol~or before Octobel' :tfx.st eI~~~eef3h~~dr:~hnd~llletf-nllle,further estimates for the vyork herein providedfOl:' I d' . la. e ae entItled" An act to provide for the taking of the Eleventh October 25, 1791.-President ·Washington, in his third annual address to Congress, :~dsl\brequentdcensuses," approved .March ~rst,eighteen hundred and eightv-nine reported" the completion of the census of the inhabitants, for which provision was repe:led~wsan parts of laws lllconsIstent WIth the provisions of this act are hereby r ) made by law." (Messages and Papers of the Presidents, vaLl, p.106.) Approved, March 3, 1899. March 3,1792.-President "iVashington, in a special message to Congress, trans J mitted a copy of a return of the nUlllber of 'inhabitants of South Carolina, as made to him by the marshal of that district. (Idem, vol. 1, p. 116.) April 5, 1792.-President "iVashington sent a message to the House of Representa tives vetoing an act entitled "An act for an apportionment of Representatives among 1 the several states according to the first enumeration." (Idem, vol. 1, p. 124.) December 8, 1801.-President Jefferson, in his first annual message to Congress, r laid before them "the results of the census lately taken of our inhabitants, to a conformity with which we are now to reduce the ensuing ratio of representation and taxation," and made allusion to the rapid increase of the population. (Idem, l vol. 1, p. 327.) December 23, 1801.-President Jefferson, in a special message to Oongress, trans mitted another return of the census of the state of Maryland, just received from the r marshal of that state, "which he desires may be substituted as more correct than the one first returned by him." (Idem, vol. 1, p. 333.) February 28, 1811.-President ;M:adison, in a message to Oongress, recommended its attention to a report of the Secretary of State relating to deficiencies in the returns of the census.. (Idem, vol. 10, p. 39.) March 13, 1811.-President Madison, in a message to Oongress, forwarded to it the r result of the census lately taken of the inhabitants of the United States, with a letter from the Secretary of State relating thereto. (Idem, vol. 10, p. 40.) J December 6, 1825.-President J. Q. Adams, in his first annual message to Con g;,;.;:f!ss,called attention to the results of the fourt1;l census, and to the progress of the ~,,~ationas shown thereby. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 314.) . December 2, 1828.-President J. Q. Adams, in his fourth annual message to Con gress, called attention to their duty to make provision for taking the fifth census, and r made suggestions, in connection therewith, that the enumeration of the population be commenced earlier in the year than the 1st of August; that more detailed data con cerning the ages of the people be collected than in prior censuses; and that the imper [ fections in preceding census enumerations were largely due to the inadequateness of ,\ the compensation allowed to marshals and their assistants in taking them. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 420.) December 8, 1829. -President Jackson, in his first annual message to Congress, called attention to the necessity of early provision for taking the census, in order to complete the work within a convenient time. (Idem., vol. 2, p. 461.) t December 15, 1830.-President Jackson, in a special message to Congress, reported that several marshals had been unable to complete the enumeration of inhabitants i within the time prescribed by law, and suggested legislation allowing further time for makjng returns. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 530.) . J December 7, 1831.-President Jackson, in a special message to Congress, trans mitted two letters from the Secretary of State accompanied by statements showing the progress made in the work of the fifth census, and by a printed copy of the revi sion of the statements theretofore transmitted of all forn1.er enumerations of the pop { ulation of the United States and their territories. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 559.) December 3, 1838.-President Van Buren, in his second annual message to Con gress, recommended the adoption of the necessary provisions for taking the sixth r census, and suggested" whether the scope of the measure might not be usefully extended by causing it to embrace authentic statistical returns of the great interests I 957 958 HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 959 specially intrusted to or necessarily affected by the legislation of Congress." (Idem, tion that a national census be taken in 1875; he also expressed the belief that a reg vol. 3, p. 497.) ular census every nve years would be of substantial benefit to the country. (Idem, February 28, 1839.-President Van Buren, in a special message to Congress, trans vol. 7, p. 254.) mitted a communication from the Secretary of vVar "respecting the importance of December 21, 1881. -President Arthur, in a special message to the Hous~of Repre requiring the officers who may be employed to take the next general census to make sentatives, transmitted a recommendation by the Secretary of the InterIor for an a return of the names and ages of pensioners." (Idem, vol. 3, p. 527.) appropriation to defray e~pensesof the ~enthceJ?-sus. (Idem, vol. 8, p. 67.) . December 24, 1839.-President Van Buren, in a special message to Congress February 2, 1882.-PresIdent Arthur, 111 a speCIal message to Congress, tral1s~nItted transmitted" a report from the Secretary of State on the subject ofthe law providin~ a communication from the Secretary of the Interior in regard to the neceSSIty for for taking the sixth census of the ITnited States." (Idem, vol. 3, p. 558.) 0 additional legislation for defraying the expenses of the tenth census. (IdenJ., vol. June 1, 1841.-President Tyler, in a special-session message to Congress, referred 8, p. 77.) . to the increase of population as shown by the sixth census. (Idem, vol. 4, p. 41.) May 9 1882.-President Arthur, in a special message to Congress, transmItted a December 7, 1841.-President Tyler, in his nrst annual message to Congress, stated letteTfro~the Secretary of the Interior, submitting an estimate by the Superintendent that the Secretary of State would report to Congress the progress of the work of the of Census for an appropriation to defray the expenses of the census office. (Idem, sixth census, and reported the population of the United States, as shown thereby. vol. 8, p. 103.) . (Idem, vol. 4, p. 81.) June 16 1882.-President Arthur, in a special message to Congress, submitted a December 25, 1842.-President Tyler, in a special message to the House of Repre recommen'dation by the Secretary of the Interior for an appropriation to complete the sentatives, announced his approval of "An act for an apportionment of Representa work of the tenth census. (Idem, vol. 8, p. 108.) tives among the several states according to the sixth census," with an exposition of January 5 1883.-President Arthur, in a special message to Congress, submitted a his reasons for such approval. (Idem, vol. 4, p. 159.) request fro~the Secretary of the Interior for an appropriation to complete the work December4, 1849.-President Taylor, in his nrst annual message to Congress, stated of the tenth census. (Idem, vol. 8, p. 150.) that the census board had com.pleted its duties in preparing forms and schedules for December J,1890.-President Harrison, in his second annual message to Congress, the seventh census, and that" it now rests with Congress to enact a law" for taking announced the completion of the enumeration of the population of the United States said census. (Idem, vol. 5, p. 22.) under the provisions of the act of March 3, 1889. (Idem, vol. 9, p. 118.) December 2, 1850.-President Fillmore, in his nrst annual message to Congress, December 9, 1891.- President Harrison, in his third annual message to Congress, reported the appointment of a superintendent of census, and the adoption of other reported the progress of the work of the eleventh census, and suggested the necessity measures for taking the seventh census, and suggested the propriety of making early of prompt appropriations. (Idem, vol. 9, p. 205.) legal provision for the publication of abstracts of the census returns. (Idem, vol. 5, December 6, 1892.-President Harrison, in his fourth annual message to Congress, p.86.) :J;l1ade comparison of certain statistics shown by the censuses of 1880 and 1890. December 2, 1851.-President Fillmore, in his second annual message to Congress, (Idem. vol. 9, p.306.) stated that the Superintendent of Census is diligently employed in classifying and December 3, 1894.-President Cleveland, in his second annual message to Con tabulating the data of the seventh census, and expressed the earnest hope" that Con gress reported the progress of· the work of the eleventh census, gave an account of gress will lose no time in making the appropriations necessary to complete the classi disbl~rsemeIitsin connection therewith, and described the general plan of the work. ncations and to publish the results in a style worthy of the results and of our national (Idem, vol. 9, p. 546.) character." (Idem, vol. 5, pp.129-130.) . December 5, 1898.-President McKinley, in his second annual message to Con December 6, 1852.-President Fillmore, in his third annual message to Congress, gress, urged upon it tp.e importanc~of ~arlylegislation providing for the taki~lgof the reported that the larger portion of the 'ivork of the seventh census had been nnished, twelfth census, as bemg necessary 111 VIew of the large amount of work whIch. IIlUst and that the apportionment of Representatives had been made by the Secretary of be performed in the preparation of the schedules preparatory to the enumeratIOn of the Interior, and suggested that it devolved upon Congress to provide for the publi the population. (Idem, vol. 10, p. 198.) cation of the results of the census. (Idem, vol. 5, p. 172.) December 5, 1853.-President Pierce, in his nrst annual message to Congress, referred to the successive decennial censuses, and discussed the probabilities as to the future growth of population. (Idem, vol. 5, pp. 223-224.) January 21, 1859.-President Buchanan, in special messages to the Senate and to the House of Representatives, transmitted" a digest of the statistics of manufactures, according to the returns of the seventh census." (Idem, vol. 5, pp. 535-536.) December 3, 1861.-President Lincoln, in his nrst annual message to Congress, alluded to the increase of population as shown by the last (eighth) census, and pre ceding censuses, and made prediction as to the probable future growth of population. (Idem, voL 6, p. 58.) . December 1, 1862.-President Lincoln, in his second annual message to Congress, made use of census statistics in support of his proposition to make compensation for emancipated slaves. (Idem, vol. 6, pp. 138-139.) December 6, 1869.-President Grant, in his nrst annual message to Congress, sug gested the necessity of early Congressional action in order to make the ninth census more complete and perfect than previous censuses. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 42.) December 5, 1870.-President Grant, in his second annual message to Congress, reported progress in the work of the ninth census. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 112.) December 4, 1871.-President Grant, in his third annual message, stated that the report of the Secretary of the Interior, submitted therewith, would give "all the information collected and prepared for publication in regard to the census taken dur- ing the year 1870." (Idem, vol. 7, p. 152.) December 2, 1872.-President Grant, in his fourth annual ll1.essage to Congress, reported the near completion of the work of the ninth census, and submitted rec ommendation that a national census be taken in 1875, giving reasons therefor. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 202.) December 1, 1873.-President Grant, in his nfth annual message to Congress, reported the completion of the work of the ninth census, and renewed recommenda- 30th proper 1850 the 1st of census. 2d correction slavery. census; Congress the census, various sixth vol. priation toward of sixth munication cerning 1st regard 1st January tions, ments May March February Cong., complete December named, certain June Several REFERENCES May May June sess., sess., February December Senate, February May sixth January January December [This November House, Oong., may 5, sess., sess., census. scope No. census. 30, S. 16, 17, regulations, 1, and inquiry completion relating 18, to 24, appendix p. 9, so and p. 1st required (Senate errors census measures show (1843-44) statement, 1848.-Petition vol. _, 1844.-:-J. vol. (House Doc. memorials of 245.) 1848.-Memorial far 2d erroneous 1844.-Memorial 30th 1844.-Representative 27.) 207.) 27, 28th 1842.-Daniel 1832.-Edw. setting 28, 17, of sess., 10, urging certain gross 24, 21, 24, 1849.-Nahum as sess., 18, 3, 2, 1, 1845.-Senator census the in 1844.-Memorial (House 1832.-Edw. generally 1832.-Edw. into Cong., enumeration. (Ex. to 194--61 1839.-J. Cong., contains Docs., No. 1841.-J 1839.~John No. 1791.-Senate 1821.-J. for Reports, pp. fifth in the but on errors vol. number of forth, O. importance and errors morals 84.) returns were Docs., TO distribution 58.) sixth relation work, 329, Calhoun, the it fourth census. 1st Docs., 1, 28th 1st is shown the forms, GOVERNMENT Livingston, at ohn have No. of Webster, not same sess., 330.) THE in L. presented 28th census. sess., references Q. of of of and large, 25th Cong., of citizens Livingston, Livingston, of Oapen the (:3-1.) the 27th to census. Forsyth, Edwards, by "New Adams, freeholders colored Choate Forsyth, "American Secretary report been in of subject (Senate slaves (House Cong., pp. census result how the of pp. Cong., of sixth what UNITED securing taking Pratt Cong., 2d ApPENDIX Secretary sixth "American indexes (Senate 360, to and discovered 932, of York Secretary during of it on sess., people, in transmits the Secretary Secretary of 1st (Ex. census. as they Docs., Ex. Caresco, an 3d transmits Secretary should Secretary Secretary 361.) Commissioner fifth :fifth of census Jesse 2d census. 1850. 1170.) United above. in entirely sess., Statistical Historical returns thereto. sess., vol. Docs., Docs., State, PUBLICATIONS. papers, sess., deem the each of impracticable; censuS. census. STATES 26th Chickering 8, be states of in Statistical vol. of State, of 'Wisconsin, vol. (Journal (Journal report of first original No. G. vol. of 22d 26th transmits state those of report conducted. State, of (Journal (House It of the State, 1790. Cong., 17th State, State, 3, Society," Association," 6, censUS mimes probably 146.) State, 5, Cong., State, session Cong., printed transmits' No. (House (House No. and of No. concerning Cong., examination errors transmits transmits of CENSUS of as Association," Docs., 1st transmits transmits (Journal in Pensions, 579.) make 239.) of report transmits 245.) and praying the the territory. 1st sectional to represents reports the 2d of sess., the praying Ex. 1st Ex. edition to (Senate errors Senate, Senate, sess., sess., Government ages 27th the estimate suggestions House.) as details sess., be. representing Docs., vol. Docs., a of of errors copies letter that of IN Twenty-eighth to progress transmits Cong., vol. vol. statement statistics, information an the the the in of pensioners 2, errors Mis. 30th praying (J 28th vol. (Journal approximately 961 of 4, 6, No. publications.] ournal census the the CERTAIN 22d 22d adoption of of in Senate, and publications No. No.219.) methods 1, 2d Cong., Docs., Cong., instruc 13.) appro as in si:xth No.4.) Oong., sixth Cong., sixth made S8SS., 244.) and docu- that com the con- the of to of of in in 2d vol. takmg tures, collectIOn recoI11l;nendatIOn 36th the the prOVISIOn 18~0 1J'0~~~.)xpenses of SIty countIes recon~mendatIOn., vol. regard 1st Supermtendent and I?ecember submIttmg . Ex. SuperIntendent Novembe:'~O, StatIstIcs. (House .January FebruarJ:' ~utI~:m. of 32d December occupatIOn Fe~~uary mg, ~ecommends vol. relatIVe No.1, as Dec~mber compensatIOn. December first May Senate, December made pp. cml, Dec~mber 1, n:easure~ February De~e~lber the Senate, 1\69- August (J l\~ay () collectIOn January December sess., Census Cong., De.cember of 1, Nove~nber s~ould Several Jan~ary bmdmg Docs., Decemb~r and to January. ournal No.1, the Cong., alp?abetlCally, 2, _ 31,60.) an No.1, Congr~ss adoptIOn to 23, polItIcal, clIsbursement be _, for part part Ex. ar;;ong be of. mmes. cellsus'r:;I'egnlatlOns, vol. early publIcatIOn to 31st 4, 24, 1850:.. 36th HISTORY 1st 14, 14, Compendium. 32d 4, be publIshed. 1852 obtall1111g pp. 16, made of 1, data !or petItIOns the 2, 3, 1st 1., and part statIstlCs~ 1,. 18b9.-Jacob Docs., 19, seventh 3, 1, 8, 1, 4, 23, of 1860.-J. 18b2.-A. 1, (H_ouse sess., ~he 1860.-Memo~·Ial adhered the qopg., 1859.-Jacob 1860.-MeD;IOrial 1, 1853.-Representative 30, 1858.-J~c 1854.-J. 1~60.~Jacob 1852.-Resolution apprOprIatIOn 27, Cong., 18~4.-J. 1.85~.-J. procur1l:g pp. pp. 001-504.) No.9.) ~8?0.-Peti~ion .. Cong., sess., members De takmg for (1850-51) -American 1853.-R. commercIal of and of 1~49.-Memorial reference of regarding 18~1.-:-J. 1, 18?1.-J. for that (RepOTt bll1dmg (House Senate, 1850.-J. (Journal 184~.-Mem~)ri~1 Bow 32d pp. the 443,444.). 201-246.) Census measures the vol. sCIentIfic of were census. collectmg of 1st of vol. certam Ex. 1st AND estImates, 1st 626-629.) of to. the Cong., 9. seventh .H. H. the establlshrnen on (House 1, Compendmm, census B. q. sess., B. sess., the Ex. c~rtall1 of 2, 30th Docs., fro~ and Thompspn, sess., McClelland, of G to presented C. C. No.4.) concerning the G. of (House internal De fun name C. (Report De Thompson, TJ:0mpson, Thompson, .. part Medical the Department mstructlOlls, statIstICS schedule statIstIcal for GROWTH seventh Kenne0Y, G. G. the Docs., for Stuart, Kennedy, purposes. careful p. (House 2d work G. Cong., vol. o~ from Bo.w, Bow, assistant commercial o! fund. Ex. p. mortalIty census. Kennedy, Kennedy, 33d of mechcal census 3, mformatIOn 62.) and Senate.) sess., Kennedy, of of collectmg vyilliam ~he 149.) Mis. 10, New p. of Docs., of of traffic, New to every 35th "N~wYor~ Cong., t S~perintendent ~ssociation Superintendent census. Secretary preservation Gorman 2d suggestions Secretary in Reports, 203.) 111 expenditures ;New Lu~her. of Department Secretary the ~o. etc. information the (Senate Secretary vol. ~ecretary Secretary Docs., Superintendent of marshals York Superintendent which sess., OF of takmg York profession a etc. Cong., (Ex. (Journal and 33d 1860, census \V. adult HI.) Senate statistics and 1, Superintendent Superintendent ~ork the "Bureau 2d Superintenden:t agrIcultural (House m THE No.1, legislature Bradish Smith transmits Cong., p. 32d sess., (House Chamber 32d Docs., manufacturmg Ex. it of (Senate Interior. census and of products male of the 2d petitions 141.) State of of of in may Chamber in of at of the Cong., of the in of Cong., the for part Docs., 1850. the the sess., UNITED in New Ex. of vol. the recommends the original regard et census. of of of 2d the the census 35th citizen Interior, Ex. be et census Interior the Agric~lt~ual.Society," of a Docs., al., Interior, Interior, Inte~io!, of StatIstlcs" Ce!l:sus, Census, report sess., 1, in of second 1860-61, of Docs., 1, Interior, al., statlstlCs York 1st vol. Senate Interior, large found. of 1850, for 2d 31st pp. Docs., Census, Commerce, relation sev~nth (Senate Cong., praying part Census, of of of to of agri~ulture of sess., or praying returns; the sess., ·2, of 36th vol. 469-577.) STATES (Senate tables Census Cong., Commerce, in Census, the praying transmits 1850. Census, important edition 33d head session , , transmits 1860. 1, part repeats suggests repeats transmits transmits 32d printing 31st regard p. adherence 1, vol. says 1859-60, (House 2d Docs., pp. Cong., vol. reports 111 to census. seventh for transmits Cong., that 40.) part 1, of Congo of the ~lso the 2d Congo census sess., praying 1, (Journal Mis. 627, 1, makes in the pp. of that for of makes (J a family towns No. a CENSUS. manufac sess. to statement the provision No.3.) 3Sd publication 1, ournal 2d previous the adoption and the Ex. to report. his praying "Medical report previous report plan , addition~l 2d p.107.) 628.) annual 92, p. printing Docs., 1st vol. 17.) law to census sess., (Senate commer 1st neces Cong., ' record of report Thirt 626.) prayin sess., distri Docs that report report vol 93.) report and law of sess with of sess of 1850 of 4, in ., of the of be ., . 1 ., of ., - g . ing 41st No. report, appropriation 41st (House ing No. amendatory Docs., incomes Senate.) presented Senate, were sage sess., concerning committee favor 2d (J Congressional mortuarv census to censuS vol. manufactures, 5, encyof tion vol. National to mendation. Cong., to 451, the February immediate reports January payment December June April February During February During January ournal January January November April March February December December the December loyafcitizens pp.17, November sess., April November August the 299.) the Cong., 161.) censuS Cong., HISTORY of 2, charge presented 3, for 452.) p. of 41st giving Mis. average 27, law. pp. of 7, regular 41st the p. advisability 3d "I, 71.) concerning a the derived providing vol. 16, of the Bureau 14, the 1860. 1870.-J. 26, for statistics. XIX.) National of 18.) returns. 2d 1870.-W. 24, Cong., 18, 2d of 16, sess., 10, XI, 5, censuS 22, 1869.-Dr. the of pending establishment Docs., of 7, Cong., for 20, 24, 1862.-Representative adoption deputy 1871.-F. 15, 4, 3, 5, first for estimated 1861.-Caleb sess., 5, the 29, 1870.-Memorial sess., (House 1870.-Representative third increa~ing 30, 1869.-Memorial 1870.-Memorial action 1871.-Columbus existing XII.) the 1870.-Citizens 1870.-J. and per collection 1864.-J. 1865.-James for pp. Senate.) 1869.-Petition the 1863.-J. 1869.-J. AND 1870.- of vol. the (Journal from 1862.-Caleb of 1861.-0aleb House session 2d legislation. 41st census, diem and 2d means other states vo1. Bureau D. XII, agriculture, vol. Statistics, of session establishment marshals. ninth (House sess., in bill 2, Mis. (House of T. sess., Oox, F. A. census GROW'rH dispensing Cong., every against W. p. regard cost XIII.) 7, 2, of D. the the of compensation P. Otto, material of providing lately D. vValker, of B. 17.) of P. No. etc. Docs., No. to No. census. of B. Representatives. the T. Usher, Cox, other of Secretary p. of Reports, Cox, a the plan Usher, Mis. compensation Harlan, Hough Statistics. enable business, charged law. 3d to additional "Bureau B. Smith, 29.) 133.) the 41.) 79.) of Acting of B. Otto, manufactures, increasing Forty-second (House of in of of (Report Delano, CHouse Senate, censuS 41st Secretary sess., Secretary Smith, American interests. statistics. with Docs., Connecticut Superintendent for Southern . Smith, rebellion the E. Secretary OF Forty-first of life-insurance for Garfield (House Secretary (House 37th the Acting recommends P. Cong., Secretary of a Secretary with the Secretary American vol Reports, THE of of certain Ex. profession, taking statistical of 40th Walton of Secretary Secretary the 41st work (House making Secretary Agriculture 1,180 Cong., the United 1, of 1870, the Department of of Ex. r Docs., for Members Statistical of 1st Ex. Interior, transmits Congress Secretaq and No. Cong., Cong., (House the (House UNITED (Journal Congress compensation assistant the of the duty census pray on the of serviees assistant 41st of sess., etc. Docs., transmits Ex. Docs., Interior, of 2d commerce, Academy 31.) the of of bureau. States the companies, of of Interior, the 37th the Interior, certain ninth or of of sess., 3d the Census, 1st Cong., Ex. that Ex. the annual Docs., the and vol. Teturns. of transmits Interior, (House the Interior, taking (1871) report employment. of Association, census. 41st neir transmits Interior, sess., in of sess., Cong., of 41st marshals. (1870-71) STATES Congress, Interior, marshals Interior, Docs., census Docs. Interior, the Statistics," vol. suggests report censuS. 1, census the InterioT, taking amendments the 2dsess., of Cong., repeats 38th (House upon transmits transmits Cong., No. of reports p. several vol. and the Ex. Senate, Arts praying 3, 1st Interior, 38th 39th Interior, suggests urges 333.) as statement assistant (Senate (House Cong., in No. 33.) census, which 1, may recommendations Docs., repeats sess., the of CENSUS. necessity 2d praying recommends several transmits proposed his praying relation recommends and (J vol. 2c1 (Journal Ex. No. Cong., Cong., petitions on 80.) to ninth 41st ournal sess., U the report (Senate recommenda- draft sess., for include 2d make No. 1, nitec1 1861-62, Ex. Sciences the will Ex. population, 41st 28.) to Docs., in transrnits marshals. his No.3.) Cong., need concern- sess., petitions report payment 1st . the vol. accurate 1st censUS. addition to existing of IS.) expedi- devolve Docs., vol. of Docs., show- by of Cong., of letter recom- annual States were index early ~1is. sess., sess., pas bill the 12, net 963 37th the of the an vol. 2d pp. the 7, in on a 964 HISTORY AND GIWW'l'H OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. HISTORY AND GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES OENSUS. 965 from Superintendent of Census, on the necessity of an appropriation for the expenses of the nll~thcen~us.(House Ex. Docs." 41st Cong., 3d sess.,. vol. 12, No. 134.) November 1 1880.-0arl Schurz Secretary of the Interior, refers to necessity for Octob.e~ early publicati~nof census reports, 'and to Superintendent's recommendation fortheir ral 31, 18f1.-Columbus Delano, Secretary of the InterIOr, recommends a gen e. revIsIOn. of la.w o! 18,50, for reas01.1s stated, as presented by F. A. ,Valker, and publication by special cOI~t~act.CHouse Ex. Docs., 46tl?- Cc;.ng., 3d sess., vol. 9, p. 61.) Iesorr;,.I~eI:dspublIcatIOn of a compenchum. (Report of Department of the Interior, January - 1881.-PetltIOns of census enumerators In Kentucky, Nevv York, and 1811-/..", \'01. 1, pp. 18, 19.) New J ersey ,~erefiled, praying for increased compensation. (Journal of the House, 46th Cong., 3d sess., pp. 138, 261, 277.) F~bn~ary28, .1872.-00lumbus Delano, Secretary of the Interior, transmits infor '" glatIOnIl1 relatIOn to C. ,V. Seaton's tallying machine. (House Ex. Docs., 42d C011O'. January 18, 1881.-(Jarl Schurz, Secretary of the InterIor, wntes letter m regard .."d sess., vol. ]0, No. 164.) b , to the census. (Senate Ex. Docs., 46th Cong., 3d sess., .vol. 1, No .. 22.) . Secretar~ . O~tober31, 18?2..-00lumbus Delano, Secretary of the Interior, recommends pub January 21, 188I.-Oarl Schurz, of the Intenor, transmIts letter of Super h?atIOn of a statIstIcal atlas, and that a national census be taken in 1875. (Report intendent of Census in regard to the executIOn of the tenth census law. (Senate Ex. of Department of the Interior, 1872-73, vol. 1, pp. ]5, 16.) Docs., 46th Cong., 3d, sess., vol. 1, No. 28.). . Decembe~5, 1872.-B.E. Cowen, Acting Secretary of the Interior, transmits letter January 24, 1882.-Petition of volunteer employees 111 the census office, l)raymg £1'om Supermtendent of Census, asking for an appropriation. (Senate Ex. Docs additional compensation. (Journal of the Senate, 47th qong:, l~tsess., p.. 207.) 42d Cong., 3d sess., vol. 1, No.4.) ., November 1, 1882.-H. M. Teller, Secretary of the Inten~T,mVItes attentIOn to the advisflbility of fUTther legislation in TegaTd to interdecenmal state censuses. (House . Jan~ary~5,1873.-B. H. Co~en,Acting Secre~aryC!fthe Interior, translT:lits letter XXXIX.) froJ? Supermt~ndent?f Cepsus 11?-rega;rd to unpaId claIms of persons unable to prove Ex. Docs., 47th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 10, p. .. Forty-seven~~ ~heIrloyalty, fo~serVICes 111 takmg eIghth census. (Senate Ex. Does., 42d Cong., During, the first session of the Congress (1881:-82) several petItlons 3d sess., vol. 1, No. 27.) were filed by census supervisors, praymg addItlOI~alcompensatIOn. (Journal of the qetober 31, 1~73.-Colum.busD~lal1o,Secretary of the Interior, renews recommen Senate.) . . b' l' th datIOn for a natIOnal census m1870. (Report of Department of the Interior 1873-74 March 4, 1886.-Letter from SecTetary of the It'n eT10r rel'atIve to mc mg e vol. 1, p. XXII.) , , schedules ~fthe second, third, fourth, and tenth censuses. (Senate Ex. Docs., 49th January 30, ~874.-F.A. ,Valker, Superintendent of Census, presents argument in Cong., No. 86.) . " . b b' t (fI R 'ts nsus Report from Committee on Pnntll1g m relatIOn to a ove su Jec . ouse epOT , favo: of ce. 111 1875. (Eeport of Department of the Interior,.1874-75, vol. 1, p. 724.) qctobel 31, 1~74.-Colum~msDelano, Secretary of the Intenor, renews recommen 49th Cong., No. 2206.) . 1 t' 1Il 111 MaTch,22, 1888.-Report from the select commIttee on elevent.h' census re a Ion datIon for a natIOnal census 1875. (Report of Department of the Interior, 1874-75, vol. 1, p. XXIII.) to said census. (House Reports, 50th Cong., 1st sess., No. 2810.) ' .. . January 15, 1878.-J. D. 'Whitney submits suggestions in regard to nlining statis April 3, 1888.-Report from the select committee on eleventh census m relatIOn to tICS. (House Ex,.; Docs., 45t~Cong., 3d sess., voT. 9, p. 853.) said census. (House Reports, 50th Cong., 1st sess..,No. 149~.) . May 3, of A. S. Batc1;leller Tegardmg matters to January 15, ]8/~.-¥emorlalof J\.1ary F. Eastman et al., praying that the tenth 1888.-Petition certam !elatmg the 11 censu~may contall1 a Just enumeratIOn of women as laborers and producers. (Sen- eleventh census. (Journal of the House, 50th Cong., 1st sess., p. 180/.). . ate MIS. Docs., 45th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 2, No. 84.) . December 17, 1888.-Memorial of W. G: Moo~yet al., for an exammat~onmto ~ J a:1Uary 16, 1878.-Memorial of the' 'Association for the Advancement of ViTomen" the industries of the country in connectIOn WIth the census of 1890. (t:lenate MIS. praymg that the tenth census may contain a just enumeration of women as ]abor~rsDocs. 50th Cong., 2d sess., No. 19.) .. ".L'" h t . and producers; also of wages of women; also of causes of pauperism and crime; and Dedember 17, 1888.-Memorial of "CItIzens of the Umted Sta,Les, praYlpg t a III that women may be employed to collect vital statistics concerning women and chiJ taking the eleventh census a thorough examination be made into the conditIOn of all chen. (Journal of the Senate, 45th Cong., 2d sess., p. 702.) the industries of the country. (Journal of the Senate, 59th Cong., 2d sess., P: 61.) . January 1,7, 1878.-F. A. 'Walker, Superintendent of Census, submits recommenda January 28 and 29, 1889.-Resolution of the Kansas legI~la:ture111 ~avorof PI?Vld tIons for vanous changes in census legislation. (House Ex. Docs. 45th Cong 3d Ress iner for the enumeration in the eleventh census of all surVlVmg soldIers al~ds.aIIors, vol. 9, p. 840.) , ., ',., .. , sh~wingtheir' age, number of company and regiment, and.length of serVIce m the November 1, 18?8.-0arl Schurz, Secretary of the Interior, refers to F. A.Walker's late war. (Journal of the Senate, 50th Cong., 2d 8ess., pp. 219, 224.) .. report (as' above) m regard to new legielation. (House Ex. Docs., 45th Cong., 3d During the first session of the Fifty-first Congress (1889-90) numero~sp~~ltlOns sess., vol. 9, p. XXXI.) and memorials were presented praymg that the eleventh census be lequlled to December 17, 1878.-:-Interview_of F. A. Walker with select committees on subject include statistics regardiJlg farms, homes, and n'101'tgages. (Journal of the SeI~fl;te.) of census. (Sena,!e MIS. P?cs., 40th Cong., 3d sess., vol. 1, No. 26.) During the first s~ss~onof the. Fifty~firstCo~gress(1889-90) nU;:"l~rouspe.tItlOn~ . Janua1:y .13, 18/9.-PetItIOn of George E. Isbell that in the census of 1880 such by citizens and aSSOCIatIOns,etc., 111 vanous sectIOns of the Umted Dtates, askmg fOl the collection of statistics regarding farms, homes, and mortgages at eleventh census. V1tal ~tatlSt1Csbe tak~nas will d~finitelysettle all controversy as to the effects upon offsprmg of consangmneous marna!Zes. (Joumal of the House 45th Caner 3d sess (Joumal of the House.) .. p. 164.) ~ '0" ' ., During the first session of t~eFifty-first Con~ress(18~9-9q)llun:~r?uspetItIOns were filed asking for the collectIOn of data regardll1g electncal mdustnes by eleventh Dur~ngthe se~ondsession of th~.Forty-sixthCongress (1879-8.0) several petitions were filed, praYI.ng. that the Supenntendent of Census be reqmred to publish in census. (Journal of the House.) , . . , During fiTSt session C!fthe F~fty-:6TStOongress (1889-90) memol'l~l~.?f boaI(l~ advance, the statlStIcs of acreage and production of cotton in each COllilty and st~te. the (Journal of the House.) of trade of New Y O1'k,Plnladelphla, and Duluth (and probably othm CItIes) vvere June 21, 1879.-J. C. G. Kennedy, a former Superintendent of Censns makes filed protesting against the passag~?f .Ho~lse~illNo. 6420 (to amend the,ac:t of ~ak ina the eleventh census) beeause It IS 111vIOla;tlOn of the treaty between the Umted suggestions in relation to law for taking the tenth census. (Senate Mis. Du~·s.,46th Cong., 1st sess., vol. 1, No. 45.) St~tesand China, will provoke hostility of Ohma, etc. (Joun~alof the House.) Int~no~', UPOll Nov~lUber15, 1879.-1<'. A. :Walker, Superintendent of Census, reports operations November 15, 1889.-John W. Noble, Secretary of the .suggests, the of census bureau for year endmg June 30, 1879. (House Ex. Docs., 46th Cong., 2d recommendation of the SuperiJltendent of Census, the deSIrabIlIty of a permanent sess., voL 10, No.1, part 5, pp. 307-320.) census office. (House Ex. Docs., 51st Cong., 1st sess., vol. .2, p. xvn) .. December. 16 1889.-Estimate by Secretary of the for prmtll1g, engraVIng, . November 15., 187~.-Ca!·1.Schurz,Secretary of the Interior, transmits recommenda Intenor tloJ?s as to the frank1l1g pl'lvllege, and as to dispensing with certain census interroga and binding fo{' the eleventh census. (House Ex. pocs., 61st qong., 1st s~ss.,No.49.) tones. (House Ex. Docs., 46th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 9, p. 49.) December 19, 1889.-Report from Census CommIttee as to 111crease of number of May.27, 1880.-Senato.r G. E. Pendleton offers resolution in regard to removal of supervisors. (Senate Heports, 51st Cong., .1st sess., No. .14.) ...... superVIsors. (Senate.lYIls. Docs., 46th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 2, No. 96.) January 6, 1890.-Mr. Dockery's resolutIOll as t? the Im:r::ra(:tI~abJhtyof aSC81tal:'l of corporatIOns l11dlVIduals. (House MIS. June 5, 18~0.-Pre~IdentEutheriaI'd B. Hayes transmit,'3 special message in regard ina the recorded indebtedness private and to removal of superVISal'S. (Senate Ex. Docs., 46th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 5, No.20B.) Dgcs., 51st Cong., 1st sess. , No. 46.) ", , June 15, 1880.-Senator G. H. Pendleton transmits report in reerard to removal of January 29, 1890.--,--Estimate of Secretary of the Intenor for an applopnatlOll fOJ the eleveilth census. (House Ex. Docs., 51st Cong., 1st sess.,". No. 160.) supervisors. (Senate Eeports, 46th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 7, No. 732.) Docs.,53d states office. ing 1 Superintendent ment petitions concerning office. (J sess., (House ufacturers; tion tion. census census and of census above. No.9.) ation appropriation. clraft of mitted . and Cong., 1st his for March March February industries J nal (Journal Ohio, November ournal Chinese. In (Senate No. diem During July 966 July June April April April April April February anuary26, February January census a December November February January lYIa:y May March February the February sess., protesting practices previous 1891 the permanent of of 2.) p. 483.) reasons of to law. 16, office. (House 9, office. Ex. (Honse 30, in for the a matter 1st. through (House 23, 23, 411.) 19, 5, 4, 1, 3, 10, 7, eleventh of and a (House the Ex. permanent Cong" and 1892.-Memorial continue office. HISTORY No 1894.-Letter 1892.-8ecretary of 1892.-Report 1893.-Report lieu 6, 1892.-Report bill. farms, 1890.-Re&,ulations 1892.-Report the change 1 and 1892.-Petition Docs., 1892.-Report 6, House, of 1892.-Report 21, 1890.-Estimate sess., 24, (House 4, 15, and the 16, 1890.-Petition memorials of recommendation why months (House 27, 1892.-Secretary 1893.-Petition 27, Docs., 1892 7, 1, the 1.) 1892.-Report Reports, of against House, Reports, bf of (House 1891.-Petition Reports, (House 1892.-Report the refusing census 2d 1892.-John 1891.-A 1891.-John 1891.-A the Reports, House, 1890.-Report (Senate 1890.-Report (House 2, 52d census. vol. subsistence homes, Census the (Senate country; report several in 51st work sess, 1893.-Report census Reports, Secretary D1st census Reports, AND establishment of Cong.,2d the 14, 52d the bureau. Reports, Reports, , 52d 52d Cong., from were 51st January, No, 52d Ex. of to from Cong., Ex. again of 52d and from of p. on Ex. permanent time from report memorials, action office. Cong., of of from (House of select and fill bureau. Cong., Cong., LXXXV.) eleventh for 52.) GROWTH of select Cong., Docs., Cong., 51st from of W. VV. manufactures David pres~nted Docs., the North Commissioner Cong., to Docs., mortgages. from 52d concerning of Committee for of 1st Committee of of presents from Board schedules. New sess., 52d select an of from 1st 52d the select census (House Noble, of the Interior Noble, prepared committee Cong., Ohio February, 2d Cong., a sess., year the of Committee 2d Ex. 1st ( appropriation 52d committee sess., Committee Journal the permanent 1st Cong., 2d S. 52d Carolina 52d 1st Cong., Interior, York of select sess., select Interior vol. sess., census select (Journal census. etc., employment Thompson committee of sess., sess., Docs., enumerators sess. of Cong., committee census a agents. for sess., p. his Cong., Cong., OF Secretary Secretary Reports, 1st 1st No. Trade 12, ~10rtgaqe transmits permanent on taking on 1st 314.) enumerators p. committee were No. by (Journal committee collection 1st , has of views committee sess., of (Journal sess., as No. March, p. p. No. THE Rules bureau. No. 114.) 64.) asks State Eleventh on 51st embodying 1st sess., the bureau the sess., in on xcv.) of 2617, Labor, to 1st census 1st (House 173.) and not presented (House 1708.) Appropriations 432.) 1933.) for 52d sess., the for alleged regard No. f::woring the Appropriations House, as No. immediate Cong., sess. sess., favoring of Superintendent of and indebtedness report favoring Dental UNITED No. for of Labor parts and been to No. engraving, an Senate.) of the census Cong., of in in in as 486.) office. the 1171.) census; the No. , (Senate a in idleness 961.) Reports, for more Census investigation No. statistics No.1.) the 1170.) December, Reports, to charge classifying relation permanent to mismanagement 52d 1st the Interior, 1 of p'ublished. relation Senate.) Association, Interior, 51.) in Association, increased amendments expediency and 69.) an investigation 2d examination an sess., House, bureau, adequate Cong., . favor results action STATES for (House in Ex. . sess. investigation printing, of 2.) of investigation in 52d on in regard 51st on to the examination No. eleventh to favor of calls of Docs., dentists farms , eleventh 1st states 1892, census Cong;, of allowance 52d on No. compensation. of same together people. the enumeration Ex. Cong., Census, compensation. 373.) of (Senate with consideration sess., the of estimate OENSUS. of 2393, attention to and to and Cong., and numerous establish- establish- of of 52d Docs., Columbus subject that appropri • methods bureau. publica- 1st census, existing as p. census 1st resolu census census binding review of homes. of parts with Cong., man trans- 303.) Ex. sess., of (J of the sess., .the the 1st om 52d for th~ as per to a of tained establishment Revolution" of sess., values enlargement permanent tical Interior sity ing a ness. be p. of collected. of In February permanent January In November December December November the destroying XXIV.) adopted Labor Rr8'1'oRY bill of legislation; 1891, 86 1897, 1896, pp. in of name, early (Report for for the real 63, will 1892, 1, census permanent the by (Report 15, 72.) of 1898.-Petition legislation 7 3, census 16, densus (of age, 21, estate of population submit 1896.-D. the 1896.-The which AND 83 1896, 1893, year of 1898.-Petitiol1 1897.-C. Santa a 1894.-Hoke for and occupation, bureau. permanent Secretary scope and provision of service. of ending 1898 future GIWWTB: Fe, census, plan Secretary 1790. for improved R. of schedules N. and N. CommIsswner several taking Francis, June coming (J for of Bliss, census of Mex.) for residence, census (Senate ournal and Smith, 1897 (Journal th~ Economic of permanent future of 30, OF property. Secretary to the many the" I,nterior memorials, the , Secretary results census when 1896, bureau. asking report of Secretary Ex. TEE enumerations; twelfth Interior of the and o petitions Society of p. schedules Docs., the Circle can (1900), for House.) census, of for 53.) of Labor nativity UNITED of (Journal etc., (J House, the be Commissioner census. year of for the the ournal of 54th of brought were so the submItted were Interior, year and Interior, the 'publication endi~g Johnstown, of as of and Cong., 55th Interior,. of succeedll1g filed to of S'1'ATES Daughters each says ending (Report presented the the include for out Cong., June forthe calls says tha~ head 2d Senate, of the a Senate.) WIth June snggests Labor Pa., report in sess., of 30, that some establishment attention OENSUS. a 2d census of of revision permanent in greater Secretary praying classification 1896, 30, 55thOong., a theAmerican sess., Commissioner No.5.) on favor on plan family 1894, expediency the have p. a of to prompt p. plan 81.) of for should of neces statis- vol. pend 211.) form con been 967 of the the for 2d an of 1, a